CN212225188U

CN212225188U - Oil extraction machine

Info

Publication number: CN212225188U
Application number: CN202021807461.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴河山
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-08-26
Filing date: 2020-08-26
Publication date: 2020-12-25
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oil extraction machine, which comprises an oil pumping rod, an oil extraction pump with an oil pumping plunger and a winch, wherein the oil pumping rod is a flexible flat strip-shaped oil pumping rod, the winch is provided with a single-groove winding drum for winding the strip-shaped oil pumping rod, and the groove width of the single-groove winding drum is equivalent to the cross section width of the strip-shaped oil pumping rod; one end of the strip-shaped sucker rod is connected with an oil pumping plunger of an oil production pump in an oil well, the other end of the strip-shaped sucker rod is connected with a winch, and the extending direction of the strip-shaped sucker rod during working is always vertical to the rotating axial direction of the single-groove winding drum. The outer surface of the banded sucker rod is smooth and is not easy to leak oil; meanwhile, a winding mechanism is not needed during winding, a single-groove winding drum with the same width as the strip-shaped sucker rod is adopted for winding, the overall size of the extraction equipment can be greatly reduced, the extending mode of the sucker rod is always vertical to the axial direction of the winding rotation, the friction extrusion loss between the sucker rods can be eliminated, the energy efficiency can be greatly improved, and the service life of the sucker rod can be prolonged.

Description

Oil extraction machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an oil gas exploitation field, concretely relates to adopt single groove oil production machine of banded sucker rod.

Background

Oil and gas extraction is a process of extracting oil, natural gas, and the like buried in an underground oil reservoir from the ground. The mode of exploiting oil gas from underground to the ground can be divided into self-spraying and artificial lifting according to whether the energy is required to be artificially supplemented to the fluid in the shaft; the artificial lift oil production includes gas lift oil production, oil pumping machine sucker rod pump oil production, oil submersible electric centrifugal pump oil production, hydraulic piston pump oil production, jet pump oil production, etc. The method is to drive the oil pumping plunger of the underground oil well pump to pump the crude oil to the ground by using the oil pumping rod which is put into the well from the ground as a means for transmitting the ground power. The conventional sucker rod is divided into rigid and flexible sucker rods, wherein the band-shaped sucker rod is further divided into a common type (only twisted steel wire rope) and a composite type (the twisted steel wire rope is wrapped by a polymer protective layer).

The conventional or composite type band-shaped sucker rod has many problems to be solved when used in an oil well with internal pressure, and the main problems are as follows:

(1) the structure is made of twisted steel wire ropes, and the outer part has the sealing problem. The pumping rod of the traditional beam pumping unit is a solid steel rod which can not be rolled, but the sealing problem does not exist, and a packing box at the oil well head can well seal the pumping rod. The steel wire rope belt-shaped sucker rod is formed by twisting a plurality of steel wires into a rope, grooves are formed in the outer surface of the steel wire rope belt-shaped sucker rod, if the irregular grooves are not processed, a packing box with a sealing function cannot effectively seal the irregular grooves, oil in an oil well can splash outwards along the grooves under the pressure effect, large oil extraction loss is caused, and particularly the environment can be seriously polluted. In order to treat the surface groove of the steel wire rope on the premise of not reducing the strength of the steel wire rope, the conventional method is to coat the surface of the steel wire rope (coating plastic or metal), and the surface of the steel wire rope becomes a smooth round shape after coating, so that the problem of sealing and oil spraying is solved. If the metal coating is adopted, the metal coating layer has poor bending fatigue performance under a load state and can crack and break quickly (the service life is generally not longer than 15 days) because the metal coating layer needs to be repeatedly loaded and rolled for a long time in the working process. If the steel wire rope is coated by the plastic, the tensile strength of the plastic coating layer is greatly different from that of the steel wire rope, the elastic modulus is greatly different, the steel wire rope is easy to tear after being repeatedly loaded and rolled, and the service life of the steel wire rope is generally not more than three months.

(2) The composite band-shaped sucker rod made of twisted steel wire ropes also has the problem of internal sealing. The steel wire rope is formed by twisting, and no matter how large the twisting force is, even though the steel wire rope is forged, microscopic gaps still exist in the steel wire rope. Moreover, after repeated load retraction, the steel wire rope can deform, the internal gap can become large, and under the condition of huge oil pressure, oil in an oil well can leak out along the internal gap, so that the winch and the environment are seriously polluted. It is known to add filler (typically extruded plastic) during the twisting of steel cords. The filler in the twisted steel wire rope can reduce the anti-rotation performance of the steel wire rope, and the filler and the steel wire rope are required to bear the load with the same equivalent, and the tensile strength and the elastic modulus of the filler are far different from those of the steel wire rope, so that after the load is put away and released, the filler is extruded and sheared by the steel wire, the filler is damaged quickly, the sealing is finally failed, and the problem of internal leakage still exists. For example, patent ZL201910843243.4, "a fiber composite core stranded wire sucker rod and its preparation method and application", right 1 describes "a wire structure layer formed by twisting a wire on the surface of a protective layer"; claim 3 states that "the manner in which the wires are twisted is: from inside to outside, adjacent layers are twisted alternately clockwise or anticlockwise or reversely and clockwise; optionally, the wire stranding filling rate is between 92% and 97%; in the twisted wire rope composite strip-shaped sucker rod, plastic filled between the wires is easy to wear and cut to form gaps, the sealing effect is lost quickly, oil is easy to spray and leak, the oil extraction efficiency is affected, the oil loss is caused, and the environment is seriously polluted.

(3) The cross section of the twisted steel wire rope is circular, so the ribbon-shaped sucker rod needs to be wound and coiled by a winding mechanism and cannot be wound and coiled by a single groove. If a single groove is adopted for winding, the diameter of a winding disc is large, and a steel wire rope is not a stable structure after being stacked and is easy to slip under a load state; in particular, in order to solve the problem that the wire arranging mechanism needs to take into account that the angle between the rotation axis of the winding drum of the winding machine and the extending direction of the wire rope cannot deviate from the vertical angle by too large an angle, the apparatus has to be made large to reduce the deviation angle by extending the distance between the winding drum and the steering wheel as much as possible.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the above problem, the utility model aims at providing an oil extraction machine for solve the technical problem of the inside and outside oil leak of sucker rod, realize not having winding displacement mechanism hoist so that equipment is small-size simultaneously.

In order to realize the technical purpose, the utility model discloses a scheme is: an oil extraction machine comprises a sucker rod, an oil extraction pump with an oil extraction plunger and a winch, wherein the sucker rod is a flexible flat strip-shaped sucker rod, the cross section of the strip-shaped sucker rod is in a flat rectangular shape, a single-groove winding drum used for winding the strip-shaped sucker rod is arranged on the winch, and the groove width of the single-groove winding drum is equivalent to the cross section width of the strip-shaped sucker rod;

one end of the band-shaped sucker rod is connected with an oil pumping plunger of an oil production pump in an oil well, the other end of the band-shaped sucker rod is connected with a winch, and the extension direction of the band-shaped sucker rod during working is always vertical to the rotating axial direction of the single-groove winding drum;

the strip-shaped sucker rod is composed of a plurality of steel wires which are arranged in parallel and a coating layer coated outside the steel wires.

Preferably, the steel filaments are single flexible steel filaments or steel cords with a diameter of 0.2-1.3 mm.

Preferably, the outer side surface of the band-shaped sucker rod is further covered with an oil-resistant wear-resistant layer.

Preferably, high-strength fiber yarns or flexible fiber tubes are arranged in the band-shaped sucker rod and are parallel to the steel wires.

Preferably, an oil scraping structure for scraping off oil stains attached to the surface of the belt-shaped sucker rod is arranged at a position of the belt-shaped sucker rod adjacent to the oil extraction pump.

Preferably, one side of the winch is also provided with a steering wheel, the width of the steering wheel is the same as the width of the cross section of the strip-shaped sucker rod, and the strip-shaped sucker rod is perpendicular to the horizontal ground after being steered by the steering wheel.

The application scheme can obtain the following beneficial effects: (1) the belt-shaped sucker rod has no internal gap and smooth outer surface, thereby effectively solving the serious problems of oil leakage of the belt-shaped sucker rod in the prior art through gaps and the like inside and outside the belt-shaped sucker rod and meeting the requirement of environmental protection; (2) the flat band-shaped structure of the band-shaped sucker rod enables the band-shaped sucker rod to be wound without a wire arrangement mechanism, a single-groove winding drum with the same width as the band-shaped sucker rod is adopted for winding operation, the whole volume of the extraction equipment can be greatly reduced, the extending mode of the sucker rod is always vertical to the winding rotating shaft, the friction extrusion loss between the sucker rods can be eliminated, the energy efficiency can be greatly improved, and the service life of the sucker rod can be greatly prolonged; (3) the sucker rod is free from self-rotation due to the belt-shaped structure, the load stress is uniform and the mutual shearing condition does not exist due to the parallel and uniform arrangement of the steel wires, and the service life of the belt-shaped sucker rod can be greatly prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross section of the band-shaped sucker rod of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross section of the band-shaped sucker rod containing fiber of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the single-groove winding drum of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The steel wire and the steel cord referred to herein are all known terms, and are not explained in detail herein, and in the specific application, a person skilled in the art can select the strength and the number of the steel wire or the steel cord by testing and experiment according to the magnitude of the required pulling force, which is not a technical problem to be solved by the present solution, and therefore, no specific description is made in the present solution.

The scheme of the invention is explained in detail by combining the drawings shown in figures 1-4. The utility model provides an oil extraction machine, including sucker rod, oil extraction pump, hoist engine 5 that have pumping plunger 4, the sucker rod is flexible flat banded sucker rod 3, and the cross section of banded sucker rod 3 is flat rectangle, be provided with the single groove reel 6 that is used for twining this banded sucker rod 3 on the hoist engine 5, the groove width of single groove reel 6 is equivalent to the cross section width of banded sucker rod 3, and when the single groove reel rotated the winding banded sucker rod, the banded sucker rod did not take place horizontal displacement (namely can not rock about in the inslot);

one end of the band-shaped sucker rod 3 is connected with an oil pumping plunger 4 of an oil production pump in an oil well, the other end of the band-shaped sucker rod is connected with a winch 5, and the extending direction of the band-shaped sucker rod 3 is always vertical to the rotating axial direction of the single-groove winding drum 6 when in work (namely, no swing deflection angle caused by a wire arrangement mechanism exists); the advantage of doing so can reduce the whole volume of adopting equipment by a wide margin, and the extension mode of sucker rod keeps perpendicular with the rotatory axial of coiling all the time, can eliminate the friction extrusion loss between the sucker rod, can improve the efficiency by a wide margin and prolong sucker rod life.

The strip-shaped sucker rod 3 is a flexible structure consisting of a plurality of steel wires 1 arranged in parallel and a coating layer 2 coated outside the steel wires, and the coating layer can be a high-strength bonding resin layer or an oil-resistant synthetic rubber layer. Specifically, the high-strength adhesive resin layer used in the sucker rod strip of the present application may be one or more of epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, polyethylene, silicone resin, and furan resin; the oil-resistant synthetic rubber layer used in the band-shaped sucker rod can be one or more of nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, silicon rubber, fluorine rubber and fluorine silicon rubber; of course, other materials may be used to achieve the same technical effects.

The flexible steel wires 1 are wrapped and bonded together according to the rule of parallel arrangement by the high-strength bonding resin layer or the oil-resistant synthetic rubber layer 2, meanwhile, the flexible steel wires 1 are protected from corrosion, and the tensile strength of the flexible steel wires 1 cannot be reduced due to corrosion under the wrapping protection of the high-strength bonding resin or the oil-resistant synthetic rubber layer 2.

In order to further increase the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the band-shaped sucker rod, the outer side surface of the band-shaped sucker rod 3 is also covered with an oil-resistant wear-resistant layer 7. The oil-resistant and wear-resistant layer 7 is made of one of polyamide, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene or oil-resistant synthetic rubber.

The steel wire 1 is a single flexible steel wire or steel cord with the diameter of 0.2-1.3 mm. The selected steel wires (the specific number can be determined by technicians according to the test and the experiment and the tensile force) are arranged in a mutually parallel mode (the steel wires are not staggered), and uniform gaps are formed among the adjacent steel wires and are fully filled by the high-strength bonding resin or the oil-resistant synthetic rubber 2, and the steel wires do not shear the resin or the rubber; the formed strip-shaped sucker rod has no internal gap and smooth outer surface, so that the problem of serious oil leakage caused by specific gaps inside and outside the strip-shaped sucker rod in the prior art can be effectively solved, and the environmental protection requirement is met; and the banded structure makes the sucker rod not have the spin, and the parallel align to grid of steel wire makes the load atress even also not have the condition of mutual shearing, can strengthen banded sucker rod's life by a wide margin.

In order to further prolong the service life of the band-shaped sucker rod, high-strength fiber wires 9 or flexible fiber tubes are also arranged in the band-shaped sucker rod 3 in parallel with the steel wires. The high-strength fiber yarn is made of one or more fibers of aramid fibers, carbon fibers, nylon fibers and polyester fibers, or the flexible fiber tube. Banded sucker rod receives axial power when rolling operation, and the steel wire in it can take place to stretch, and the elongation at break of steel wire is far less than the elongation at break of high strength fiber silk, through outside parcel high strength fiber silk, can guarantee that banded sucker rod has better coiling tensile ability, avoids breaking because of excessive tensile. E.g. steel wire having an elongation at break of < 5%. Because the steel wire or the steel cord limits the whole load creep of the band-shaped sucker rod, the high-strength fiber wire or the fiber tube increases the tensile strength of the band-shaped sucker rod, so that the thickness of the rectangular (flat) band-shaped sucker rod is reduced, the diameter of the single-groove winding drum is reduced, the reduction ratio of the winch is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.

An oil scraping structure for scraping off oil stains attached to the surface of the band-shaped sucker rod is arranged at the position of the band-shaped sucker rod 3 adjacent to the oil extraction pump.

In order to facilitate the vertical oil pumping operation of the oil pumping equipment, when the equipment is specifically arranged, one side of the winch 5 is also provided with a steering wheel 8, the width of the steering wheel 8 is the same as the width of the cross section of the strip-shaped sucker rod 3, and the strip-shaped sucker rod 3 is steered by the steering wheel 8 to be vertical to the horizontal ground.

In the most preferable scheme, the steel wire selects a single-stranded steel cord (steel cord belongs to the existing known material) which is made of 9 ultra-fine steel fiber strands and has the diameter of 0.3mm, 36 single-stranded steel cords are arranged in the horizontal direction, the adjacent steel cords are parallel to each other and have uniform gaps, and the single-stranded steel cords are wrapped according to the rule of parallel arrangement by polyester resin to prepare the band-shaped sucker rod. The thickness of the prepared band-shaped sucker rod is 55mm, the width of the prepared band-shaped sucker rod is 60mm, and the content of the polyester resin in the band-shaped sucker rod is 57.6 percent (mass ratio). The winch of the single-groove winding drum with the width of 70mm is selected, the diameter of a winding shaft in the middle of the single-groove winding drum is 800mm, and the maximum diameter of the single-groove winding drum is 2000 mm. When the steel cord is used, the polyester resin can not be sheared by the steel cord, and the polyester resin between the adjacent steel cords is not easy to wear and crack; the steel cord is made of 9 single-stranded ultrafine steel fibers, the diameter of the steel cord is only 0.3mm, gaps among the ultrafine steel fibers are extremely tiny (can be ignored), and due to the existence of the surface tension of petroleum, the problem of petroleum leakage cannot occur inside the steel cord made of the ultrafine steel fibers.

Compared with the traditional oil extraction pumping unit, the winding mechanism is not needed, the winding operation is carried out by adopting the single-groove winding drum with the same width as the strip-shaped sucker rod, and the volume of the pumping unit can be greatly reduced; meanwhile, the ribbon pumping rod only receives axial force without a wire arrangement mechanism, and high-strength bonding resin or oil-resistant synthetic rubber cannot be sheared. The strip-shaped sucker rod has a rectangular structure, so that the self-rotation cannot occur; the steel wire in the banded sucker rod is parallel align to grid, the clearance is even between steel wire and the steel wire, the load atress is even, the condition of mutual shearing also does not exist, the steel wire divides the worker clearly with high strength bonding resin or resistant oily synthetic rubber, the load is undertaken in the work of steel wire, high strength bonding resin or resistant oily synthetic rubber are used for sealing, when this banded sucker rod uses on the beam-pumping unit of this application, can reduce high strength bonding resin or resistant oily synthetic rubber's load by a wide margin, reduce its bending fatigue, increase its life.

The above, only do the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not used to limit the present invention, all the technical matters of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention for any slight modification, equivalent replacement and improvement of the above embodiments.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an oil production machine, includes sucker rod, oil production pump, the hoist engine that has the oil pumping plunger, its characterized in that: the sucker rod is a flexible flat strip-shaped sucker rod, the cross section of the strip-shaped sucker rod is in a flat rectangular shape, a single-groove winding drum for winding the strip-shaped sucker rod is arranged on the winch, and the groove width of the single-groove winding drum is equivalent to the width of the cross section of the strip-shaped sucker rod;

2. The oil extraction machine of claim 1, wherein: the steel wire is a single flexible steel wire or steel cord with the diameter of 0.2-1.3 mm.

3. The oil extraction machine of claim 1, wherein: and an oil-resistant wear-resistant layer is further covered on the outer side surface of the strip-shaped sucker rod.

4. The oil extraction machine of claim 1, wherein: high-strength fiber yarns or flexible fiber tubes are arranged in the strip-shaped sucker rod in parallel to the steel wires.

5. The oil extraction machine of claim 1, wherein: and an oil scraping structure for scraping off oil stains attached to the surface of the band-shaped sucker rod is arranged at the position of the band-shaped sucker rod adjacent to the oil extraction pump.

6. The oil extraction machine of claim 1, wherein: and a steering wheel is further arranged on one side of the winch, the width of the steering wheel is the same as the width of the cross section of the strip-shaped sucker rod, and the strip-shaped sucker rod is perpendicular to the horizontal ground after being steered by the steering wheel.