CN110578490B - Electromagnetic fishing system for large-diameter engineering well and special cable thereof - Google Patents

Electromagnetic fishing system for large-diameter engineering well and special cable thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110578490B
CN110578490B CN201910924426.9A CN201910924426A CN110578490B CN 110578490 B CN110578490 B CN 110578490B CN 201910924426 A CN201910924426 A CN 201910924426A CN 110578490 B CN110578490 B CN 110578490B
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cable
groups
cables
steel
central axis
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CN201910924426.9A
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CN110578490A (en
Inventor
郭亮
刘庆修
郝世俊
赵永哲
郑玉柱
刘明军
莫海涛
胡振阳
祁宏军
彭旭
孙阳
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Xian Research Institute Co Ltd of CCTEG
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Xian Research Institute Co Ltd of CCTEG
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B31/00Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells
    • E21B31/06Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells using magnetic means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/04Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
    • H01B7/041Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables attached to mobile objects, e.g. portable tools, elevators, mining equipment, hoisting cables
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/22Metal wires or tapes, e.g. made of steel
    • H01B7/221Longitudinally placed metal wires or tapes
    • H01B7/223Longitudinally placed metal wires or tapes forming part of a high tensile strength core
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00Power cables
    • H01B9/006Constructional features relating to the conductors

Abstract

The invention provides an electromagnetic fishing system for a large-diameter engineering well and a special cable thereof, which comprise a hoisting and lifting device, wherein a winding drum of the hoisting and lifting device is wound with the cable, one end of the cable penetrates through a pulley of a wellhead pulley bracket and is connected with a conductive slip ring, the conductive slip ring is connected with an electromagnetic fisher through a bearing steel wire rope to bear the weight, and the conductive slip ring is connected and conducted with the electromagnetic fisher through a control wire at the lower end of the well; the cable includes three groups of steel cables and three groups of cables, and three groups of steel cables and three groups of cables all cladding are in outer protective layer, and three groups of steel cables and three groups of cables distribute along the circumference of cable in turn. The invention greatly enhances the maximum volume, the maximum weight and the maximum capture distance of salvaged fallen objects by using an electromagnet technology, and has higher salvage success rate. The arrangement between the steel cable and the cable of the special cable is reasonable, and the cable in the special cable cannot be extruded and damaged under the condition that the special cable bears a large load.

Description

Electromagnetic fishing system for large-diameter engineering well and special cable thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering, relates to junk fishing of a large-diameter engineering well, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic fishing system for the large-diameter engineering well and a special cable thereof.
Background
Although the equipment adopted in the field of large-diameter drilling engineering is similar to the petroleum drilling industry, the standard system similar to API in the petroleum drilling industry does not exist, the two types of engineering are similar, the difference of the construction process is obvious, and a plurality of machines from the petroleum drilling industry can not fully play the performance in the large-diameter drilling engineering. If metal falling objects appear at the bottom of a large-diameter engineering well in construction, a construction party has to select fishing tools in the petroleum drilling industry, but the tools are originally designed to serve oil and gas wells, the specification and performance parameters of the tools are too small compared with those of the large-diameter well, the tools have poor fishing effect and long fishing period, so that the construction period and the benefit are lost, and the morale gas of a well team is eliminated. And no professional fishing tool product exists in the industry of the large-diameter well. The requirement of large-diameter drilling on professional fishing equipment is very urgent
In the construction of large-diameter wells, if an electric tool with large volume and weight is required to be put into the deep position of the well bottom, a plurality of difficulties are faced on the process and the optional equipment: the operation space in the shaft is small, the equipment is not waterproof in the drilling fluid, the accessories are not resistant to strong base corrosion, and the power transmission by the drill rod cannot be utilized, so mature equipment and thinking are not provided in the industry. Taking a large-diameter drainage well constructed in a certain coal mine due to roadway flooding as an example, a large-sized water pump can only be selectively put into the coal mine from the ground. The large water pump adopts a steel wire rope or a steel pipe for bearing, a cable is required to be externally connected for power transmission, the steel wire rope or the steel pipe cannot be accurately matched with the cable in conveying speed, the elongation is different, the operation speed is low, and the complex lifting process causes the cable to be easily wound and broken and even threatens the personal safety. The lifting problem of large-scale electric equipment is solved, and means and ideas for processing special working conditions in large-diameter well construction can be enriched.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an electromagnetic fishing system for a large-diameter engineering well and a special cable thereof, and solves the technical problem of high fishing difficulty caused by the fact that a matched fishing system is not available for the large-diameter engineering well in the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a cable dedicated for electromagnetic fishing for a large-diameter engineering well, which solves the technical problems of poor compatibility between a steel wire rope and a cable, easy damage and short service life in the prior art. The cable of (2) is easy to damage and has short service life.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electromagnetic fishing system for a large-diameter engineering well comprises a hoisting lifting device, wherein a winding drum of the hoisting lifting device is wound with a cable, one end of the cable penetrates through a pulley of a wellhead pulley bracket to be connected with a conductive sliding ring, the conductive sliding ring is connected with an electromagnetic fisher through a bearing steel wire rope to bear load, and the conductive sliding ring is connected and conducted with the electromagnetic fisher through a control wire at the lower end of the well;
the cable comprises three groups of steel cables and three groups of cables, the three groups of steel cables and the three groups of cables are covered in the outer protective layer, and the three groups of steel cables and the three groups of cables are alternately distributed along the circumferential direction of the cable;
the steel wire rope comprises a plurality of steel wire ropes and steel wire rope protective sleeves wrapped outside the steel wire ropes, and insulating and lubricating material layers are filled among the steel wire ropes and the steel wire rope protective sleeves;
the distances from the central axes of the three groups of steel cables to the central axes of the cables are equal, and the distances from the central axes of the three groups of cables to the central axes of the cables are equal; the distance from the central axes of the three groups of cables to the central axis of the cable is less than the distance from the central axes of the three groups of steel cables to the central axis of the cable.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
the winding drum end part of the winding drum lifting device is fixedly provided with a rotating conductive seat, the other end of the cable is connected with the rotating conductive seat, the rotating conductive seat is in contact with a fixed conductive brush, and the fixed conductive brush is connected with a control cable.
And the winding drum of the winch lifting device is locked with the cable through the cable locking anchor.
The invention also protects a special electromagnetic fishing cable for the large-diameter engineering well, which comprises three groups of steel cables and three groups of cables, wherein the three groups of steel cables and the three groups of cables are all covered in the outer protective layer, and the three groups of steel cables and the three groups of cables are alternately distributed along the circumferential direction of the cable;
the steel wire rope comprises a plurality of steel wire ropes and steel wire rope protective sleeves wrapped outside the steel wire ropes, and insulating and lubricating material layers are filled among the steel wire ropes and the steel wire rope protective sleeves;
the distances from the central axes of the three groups of steel cables to the central axes of the cables are equal, and the distances from the central axes of the three groups of cables to the central axes of the cables are equal; the distance from the central axes of the three groups of cables to the central axis of the cable is less than the distance from the central axes of the three groups of steel cables to the central axis of the cable.
The distance between the central axes of the three groups of cables and the central axis of the cable is 0.8-0.9 times of the distance between the central axes of the three groups of steel cables and the central axis of the cable.
The outer diameter of the steel cable is 0.3-0.4 times of the outer diameter of the cable.
The cable comprises a conductive core and an insulating protective sleeve wrapped on the conductive core.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
compared with a special fishing tool for an oil-gas well, the fishing tool is specially designed for the well body structure and the working condition characteristics of a large-diameter well, and the integral specialty of the system and the applicability among wells are stronger.
And (II) the maximum volume, the maximum weight and the maximum capture distance of the salvaged fallen objects are greatly enhanced by using an electromagnet technology, and the salvage success rate is higher.
(III) the layout between the steel cable and the cable of the special cable is reasonable, and the cable in the special cable cannot be extruded and damaged under the condition that the special cable bears a larger load, so that the whole special cable has higher durability and longer service life.
(IV) the special cable of the invention can not only transmit high-voltage power for the electromagnetic salvage device, but also realize load lifting. The special cable is matched with the hoisting and lifting equipment in the system, so that the fishing operation period can be greatly shortened, and the hoisting speed is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the conductive slip ring.
Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of the rotary conductive seat.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the cable.
The meaning of the individual reference symbols in the figures is: 1-winding drum of hoisting lifting device, 2-cable, 3-wellhead pulley support, 4-conductive slip ring, 5-bearing steel wire rope, 6-electromagnetic salvage device, 7-downhole end control wire, 8-rotating conductive seat, 9-fixed conductive brush, 10-control cable, 11-cable locking anchor, 12-well wall, 13-drilling fluid;
201-steel cable, 202-cable, 203-outer protective layer,
20101-a steel wire rope, 20102-a steel wire rope protective sleeve, 20103-an insulating and lubricating material layer;
20201-conductive core, 20202-insulating protective sheath.
The present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
In the invention, the large-diameter engineering well refers to an engineering well with a diameter of more than 0.5m, and generally, the diameter of a common large-diameter engineering well is in the range of 0.6m to 1.2 m.
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
according to the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 4, the electromagnetic fishing special cable for the large-diameter engineering well comprises three groups of steel cables 201 and three groups of cables 202, wherein the three groups of steel cables 201 and the three groups of cables 201 are all covered in an outer protective layer 203, and the three groups of steel cables 201 and the three groups of cables 202 are alternately distributed along the circumferential direction of the cable 2;
the steel cable 201 comprises a plurality of steel cables 20101 and steel cable protective sleeves 20102 wrapping the outside of the steel cables 20101, and insulating and lubricating material layers 20103 are filled among the steel cables 20101 and between the steel cables 20101 and the steel cable protective sleeves 20102;
the distances from the central axes of the three groups of steel cables 201 to the central axis of the cable 2 are equal, and the distances from the central axes of the three groups of electric cables 202 to the central axis of the cable 2 are equal; the distance from the central axis of the three sets of cables 202 to the central axis of the cable 2 is smaller than the distance from the central axis of the three sets of cables 201 to the central axis of the cable 2.
The insulating and lubricating material layer 20103 is made of insulating and lubricating materials such as talcum powder, the insulating and lubricating materials cannot chemically react with the protective sleeve or the steel wire rope, and the mechanical property of the steel wire rope is not influenced. The insulating and lubricating material layer 20103 has the effect that when a plurality of steel wire ropes 20101 serving as load cores are excessively twisted in the circumferential direction or are abnormal in a tensile state in the lifting process and the generated circumferential stress and axial tension gradually reach critical points, the insulating and lubricating material layer 20103 can remarkably reduce the risk of generating destructive friction between the steel wire ropes 20101 and the steel wire rope protective sleeves 20102 and the magnitude of the friction, so that the steel wire ropes 20101 have the condition of safely and smoothly releasing the circumferential stress and the axial tension. The circumferential stress excitation cannot cause the damage of the whole structure of the cable 2, the steel wire rope 20101 can be reversely twisted to a certain degree in the steel wire rope protective sleeve 20102 and returns to the initial position, and the axial tension abnormity can avoid tearing off other structures in the cable 2 through the change of the relative position. The lubricating effect of the insulating and lubricating material layer 20103 and the protection of the steel wire rope protective sleeve 20102 weaken the condition that the steel wire rope 20101 generates friction force, and the capacity of actively adjusting the circumferential and axial relative positions is achieved, so that abnormal stress of the overall structure of the cable 2 is buffered.
As a preferable scheme of the embodiment, the distance from the central axis of the three groups of cables 202 to the central axis of the cable 2 is 0.8-0.9 times of the distance from the central axis of the three groups of cables 201 to the central axis of the cable 2. The outer diameter of the steel cable 201 is 0.3 to 0.4 times of the outer diameter of the cable 2. The layout structure of the three groups of steel cables 201 and the three groups of cables 201 does not crush and damage the cables in the special cables under the condition that the special cables bear larger load, so that the whole special cables have higher durability and longer service life.
As a specific solution of this embodiment, the cable 202 includes a conductive core 20201 and an insulating protective sleeve 20202 wrapping the conductive core 20201. Conductive core 20201 is a copper core.
The outer protective layer 203 needs to be wear-resistant and alkali-resistant, and can be made of TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) or other materials or products with the wear-resistant and alkali-resistant performances close to or even better than those of TPU.
The telescopic performance of the steel wire rope 20101, the steel wire rope protective sleeve, the conductive core 20201 and the insulating protective sleeve 20202 should be synchronously equivalent.
The steel wire ropes 20101 need to be of an anti-rotation steel wire rope structure.
The steel wire rope protective sleeve 20102 is made of Kevlar or a material which is low in density, high in strength, good in toughness, close to or even better in high-temperature resistance.
The three groups of steel cables 201 and the three groups of cables 201 are in interference fit with the outer protective layer 203.
Example 2:
according to the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the electromagnetic fishing system for the large-diameter engineering well comprises a hoisting and lifting device, wherein a cable 2 is wound on a winding drum 1 of the hoisting and lifting device, one end of the cable 2 penetrates through a pulley of a wellhead pulley bracket 3 to be connected with a conductive sliding ring 4, the conductive sliding ring 4 is connected with an electromagnetic fishing device 6 through a bearing steel wire rope 5 to bear the load, and the conductive sliding ring 4 is connected with the electromagnetic fishing device 6 through a downhole end control wire 7 to be conducted;
the cable 2 adopts the electromagnetic fishing special cable for the large-diameter engineering well in the embodiment 1.
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the end of the winding drum 1 of the hoisting and lifting device is fixedly provided with a rotating conductive seat 8, the other end of the cable 2 is connected and conducted with the rotating conductive seat 8, the rotating conductive seat 8 is in contact with a fixed conductive brush 9, and the fixed conductive brush 9 is connected and conducted with the control cable 10. When the winding drum 1 of the hoisting lifting device rotates, the rotating conductive seat 8 rotates along with the winding drum 1 of the hoisting lifting device and is in contact conduction with the fixed conductive brush 9, so that the cable 2 is ensured to be connected and conducted with the control cable 10, and the control cable 10 cannot be wound.
As a preferable scheme of the embodiment, the cable 2 is locked on the winding drum 1 of the winding and lifting device by the cable locking anchor 11 on the winding drum 1 of the winding and lifting device. The cable 2 is prevented from being disconnected from the circuit of the rotating conductive seat 8 under the condition of large force and losing control.
The slip ring 4 that conducts electricity is used for preventing that the electromagnetic overshot from twisting along the cable 2 that axial rotation drove, when guaranteeing to conduct electricity, makes electromagnetic overshot 6 possess the degree of freedom of certain axial rotation, and the structure safety of protection system part in the pit also conveniently realizes salvaging better. The conductive slip ring 4 has bearing and waterproof capabilities, and meets the coal mine safety requirements.
The electromagnetic salvage device 6 is made of an electromagnet, and when salvage operation is carried out, the electromagnetic salvage device 6 is positioned in a large-diameter well shaft; the end of the cable 2 is connected with an electromagnetic salvager 6, the cable is lifted by the wellhead pulley bracket 3 and positioned and then wound on the winding drum 1 of the hoisting and lifting device, and the cable 2 is locked and then connected with a subsequent control end through a control cable.
During the fishing operation, some of the devices in the system will be physically located within the downhole space defined by the well wall 12 and submerged by the drilling fluid 13.

Claims (6)

1. The electromagnetic fishing system for the large-diameter engineering well comprises a hoisting lifting device, wherein a cable (2) is wound on a winding drum (1) of the hoisting lifting device, and is characterized in that one end of the cable (2) penetrates through a pulley of a wellhead pulley bracket (3) to be connected with a conductive sliding ring (4), the conductive sliding ring (4) is connected with an electromagnetic fishing device (6) through a bearing steel wire rope (5) to bear load, and the conductive sliding ring (4) is connected and conducted with the electromagnetic fishing device (6) through a downhole lower end control wire (7);
the cable (2) comprises three groups of steel cables (201) and three groups of cables (202), the three groups of steel cables (201) and the three groups of cables (201) are wrapped in an outer protective layer (203), and the three groups of steel cables (201) and the three groups of cables (202) are alternately distributed along the circumferential direction of the cable (2);
the steel cable (201) comprises a plurality of steel cables (20101) and steel cable protective sleeves (20102) wrapped outside the steel cables (20101), and insulating and lubricating material layers (20103) are filled among the steel cables (20101) and between the steel cables (20101) and the steel cable protective sleeves (20102);
the distances from the central axes of the three groups of steel cables (201) to the central axis of the cable (2) are equal, and the distances from the central axes of the three groups of electric cables (202) to the central axis of the cable (2) are equal; the distance from the central axis of the three groups of cables (202) to the central axis of the cable (2) is smaller than the distance from the central axis of the three groups of steel cables (201) to the central axis of the cable (2);
the distance between the central axis of the three groups of cables (202) and the central axis of the cable (2) is 0.8-0.9 times that between the central axis of the three groups of steel cables (201) and the central axis of the cable (2); the outer diameter of the steel cable (201) is 0.3-0.4 times of the outer diameter of the cable (2);
the winding drum of the winding lifting device is characterized in that a rotary conductive seat (8) is fixedly arranged at the end of a winding drum (1), the other end of a cable (2) is connected with the rotary conductive seat (8) in a conduction mode, the rotary conductive seat (8) is in contact with a fixed conductive brush (9), and the fixed conductive brush (9) is connected with a control cable (10) in a conduction mode.
2. An electromagnetic fishing system for large diameter engineering wells according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable (202) comprises a conductive core (20201) and an insulating protective sheath (20202) wrapped around the conductive core (20201).
3. An electromagnetic fishing system for large diameter engineering wells according to claim 1, characterised in that the cable (2) is locked on the drum (1) of the hoisting elevator by a cable locking anchor (11) on the drum (1) of the hoisting elevator.
4. The utility model provides a special cable of electromagnetism salvage for major diameter engineering well, includes three groups of wire rope (201) and three groups of cable (202), three groups of wire rope (201) and three groups of cable (201) all wrap up in outer protective layer (203), three groups of wire rope (201) and three groups of cable (202) along the circumference of cable (2) distribute in turn, its characterized in that:
the steel cable (201) comprises a plurality of steel cables (20101) and steel cable protective sleeves (20102) wrapped outside the steel cables (20101), and insulating and lubricating material layers (20103) are filled among the steel cables (20101) and between the steel cables (20101) and the steel cable protective sleeves (20102);
the distances from the central axes of the three groups of steel cables (201) to the central axis of the cable (2) are equal, and the distances from the central axes of the three groups of electric cables (202) to the central axis of the cable (2) are equal; the distance from the central axis of the three groups of cables (202) to the central axis of the cable (2) is smaller than the distance from the central axis of the three groups of steel cables (201) to the central axis of the cable (2);
the distance between the central axis of the three groups of cables (202) and the central axis of the cable (2) is 0.8-0.9 times of the distance between the central axis of the three groups of steel cables (201) and the central axis of the cable (2).
5. The special electromagnetic fishing cable for the large-diameter engineering well is characterized in that the outer diameter of the steel cable (201) is 0.3-0.4 times of the outer diameter of the cable (2).
6. A special electromagnetic fishing cable for large-diameter engineering wells according to claim 4, characterized in that the cable (202) comprises a conductive core (20201) and an insulating protective sleeve (20202) wrapped on the conductive core (20201).
CN201910924426.9A 2019-09-27 2019-09-27 Electromagnetic fishing system for large-diameter engineering well and special cable thereof Active CN110578490B (en)

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CN112357013B (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-10-15 广东桂荣永磁新材料科技有限公司 Strong magnetic salvager

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