CN212186636U

CN212186636U - Arteriovenous puncture trocar

Info

Publication number: CN212186636U
Application number: CN202020165895.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王凯; 马兴对; 王立伟; 朱梅君; 祖翠华; 陆筱星; 邓倩
Original assignee: Xuzhou Central Hospital
Current assignee: Xuzhou Central Hospital
Priority date: 2020-02-13
Filing date: 2020-02-13
Publication date: 2020-12-22
Anticipated expiration: 2030-02-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a arteriovenous puncture trocar, which relates to the technical field of medical instruments. The trocar comprises a needle head, an outer sleeve, a shell, a blood storage pool and a limiting and unlocking device; the blood storage pool is arranged in the shell, one end of the blood storage pool extends out of the end part of the shell and is fixedly connected with the needle head, and the other end of the blood storage pool is fixedly connected with one end of the shell, which is far away from the needle head, through a contraction spring; the limiting and unlocking device is used for limiting the position relation between the blood storage pool and the shell and comprises a stop block arranged on the blood storage pool, a limiting groove arranged on the inner wall of the shell, a limiting device and a limiting unlocking device. The utility model discloses a vein puncture trocar through setting up spacing, unlocking device, after putting the pipe successfully, presses down the button on the spacing unlocking ware, can move down the stopper to unblock dog, syringe needle and blood storage pool can contract fast to the shell in under the drive of shrink spring, in order to avoid stabbing medical staff and staff on every side.

Description

Arteriovenous puncture trocar

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, concretely relates to artery and vein puncture trocar.

Background

The arteriovenous puncture trocar has wide clinical application and is a conventional tool for venous transfusion and arterial puncture pressure measurement.

The arteriovenous puncture trocar used clinically at present has simpler design and the following defects:

1. the incidence of puncture by steel needles is high; after the successful pipe placing, the steel needle needs to be discarded as medical waste, and medical staff and surrounding staff are often hurt due to the sharp steel needle. In addition, the discarded steel needle is stored in a sharp box, and the condition that the staff is pricked often also appears during the recovery. Moreover, the phenomenon that the steel needle is discarded at will often appears in the society, thereby causing the outflow of medical waste and endangering the safety of garbage recovery workers.

2. The blood return window is small; in clinic, whether the puncture trocar penetrates into an artery and a vein is judged, a blood return window behind the trocar tail is required to be used for observation, if blood smoothly flows into the blood return window, the steel needle is placed in the blood vessel, and at the moment, the outer sleeve can be placed in the blood vessel by means of the guide of the steel needle to complete puncture tube placement. However, the blood return window of the trocar used in clinical practice is very small, the steel needle is displaced in the blood vessel due to the thin blood vessel and poor fixation in the puncture process, and when the blood return window is full, whether the needle is still in the blood vessel can not be accurately judged, so that the tube placement failure is caused.

3. Blood splash and pollution are serious; after the puncture tube is placed, the outer sleeve needs to be left in the blood vessel, and the puncture steel needle needs to be pulled out. At this time, the blood will splash to the outside along the outer cannula, causing blood contamination. At present, the incidence of blood infectious diseases such as AIDS, syphilis and the like is increased year by year, which also increases the infection probability of medical staff and causes the pollution to the environment around the puncture. Aiming at the problem, the current common solution is to compress the blood vessel in front of the cannula by hands, so as to cause the occlusion of the blood vessel and reduce the splashing of blood. However, the effect is not ideal due to the arterial pressure being too high and the location of the compression being inappropriate.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, there is a need for a new arteriovenous puncture trocar to improve the tube-placing rate, prevent blood contamination and avoid the accidental injury of steel needles.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

According to the utility model discloses a arteriovenous puncture trocar that purpose provided, including syringe needle, outer tube, shell, blood storage pool and be used for injecing spacing, the unlocking device of position relation between blood storage pool and the shell.

The blood storage pool is arranged in the shell, one end of the blood storage pool extends out of the end part of the shell and is fixedly connected with the needle head, and the other end of the blood storage pool is fixedly connected with one end of the shell far away from the needle head through the contraction spring.

The limiting and unlocking device comprises a stop block, a limiting groove, a limiter and a limiting unlocking device; the baffle block is an arc-shaped block which is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the blood storage pool and is matched with the outer wall of the blood storage pool in shape; the limiting groove is an arc-shaped groove which is arranged on the inner wall of the shell and is matched with the setting position of the stop block when the blood storage pool is in the initial state; one end of the limiting device is an arc-shaped plate matched with the limiting groove and embedded in the limiting groove, and the other end of the limiting device is a semicircular limiting block which is sleeved outside the blood storage pool, is matched with the stop block and is used for preventing the blood storage pool from retracting under the action of the retraction spring; the limiting unlocking device is a semicircular unlocking block matched with the limiting device, the limiting unlocking device can be vertically moved and arranged above the limiting device and used for pressing the limiting device to enable the limiting device to correspondingly move downwards to unlock the stop block, and the radius of the limiting unlocking device is consistent with that of the limiting device.

Preferably, the shell lateral wall has seted up first spout along the reservoir moving direction, the one end that stopper was kept away from to spacing unlocking ware is provided with the button, the button passes first spout, exposes in the shell surface.

Preferably, the trocar further comprises a guide wire device, and the guide wire device comprises a guide wire and a guide wire pushing button; the guide wire is movably arranged in the needle head, one end of the guide wire can extend out of the needle head, and the other end of the guide wire is arranged in the blood storage pool; the guide wire pushing button is arranged in the first sliding chute in a sliding manner, and a connecting end is formed at the bottom of the guide wire pushing button; a second sliding groove corresponding to the first sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the blood storage pool, and the second sliding groove is sealed by rubber with an opening in the middle; the connecting end passes through the second spout and the one end fixed connection that the seal wire stretched into in the blood storage pond, removes seal wire propelling movement button, can drive the seal wire and move back and forth in the syringe needle.

Preferably, the limiting unlocking device is fixedly connected with the guide wire pushing button through a plastic plate.

Preferably, the limiting unlocking device is fixedly connected above the limiting device through a first supporting spring, one end of the first supporting spring is connected with the limiting unlocking device, and the other end of the first supporting spring is connected with the blood storage pool.

Preferably, the radiuses of the limiting device and the limiting unlocking device are larger than the outer diameter of the blood storage pool and smaller than the inner diameter of the shell; the limiting and unlocking device further comprises a second supporting spring for supporting the limiting device to a specified height, one end of the second supporting spring is fixedly connected with the limiting device, and the other end of the second supporting spring is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the limiting groove; the sum of the compressed height of the second supporting spring and the height of the arc-shaped plate in the limiting device is equal to the height of the limiting groove, and the sum of the extended height of the second supporting spring and the height of the arc-shaped plate in the limiting device is equal to the difference between the inner diameter of the shell and the outer diameter of the blood storage pool.

Preferably, an arc-shaped transverse plate matched with the position and the shape of the stop block is arranged on one side, facing the stop block, of the stop block, the arc-shaped transverse plate is arranged at the upper edge of the stop block, and the thickness of the arc-shaped transverse plate is smaller than that of the stop block; the sum of the height of the limiting groove, the thickness of the arc-shaped transverse plate and the thickness of the stop block is equal to the difference between the inner diameter of the shell and the outer diameter of the blood storage pool, and the thickness of the stop block is 1/5 of the height of the limiting groove.

Preferably, the surface of the shell is provided with scale marks for recording the moving position of the guide wire.

Preferably, still be provided with in the shell with blood storage pool surface fixed connection, be used for guaranteeing blood storage pool balanced position's blood storage pool strutting arrangement, blood storage pool strutting arrangement is the annular, and its internal diameter is unanimous with blood storage pool external diameter, and its external diameter is unanimous with the shell internal diameter, blood storage pool strutting arrangement removes along with blood storage pool's removal.

Preferably, the outer sleeve is sleeved on the needle head, one end of the outer sleeve, which is connected with the needle head, is provided with a valve for sealing the outer sleeve, and the valve comprises at least three valves; when the needle is inserted, the valve is opened along the insertion direction of the needle in one way under the pressing action of the needle, and when the needle is pulled out, the valve is reset to close the outer sleeve.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a sound arteries and veins puncture trocar's advantage is:

1. the utility model discloses be provided with spacing, unlocking device, after putting the pipe successfully, press the button on the spacing ware of unlocking, can with the quick unblock of blood storage pool, syringe needle and blood storage pool can contract fast to the shell in under the drive of shrink spring to avoid stabbing medical staff and staff on every side.

2. The utility model discloses in press the button on the spacing unlocking device, can with the quick unblock of blood storage pool, easy operation, and only correspond the back on stopper and spacing unlocking device position, just can trigger the unblock, effectively avoid the maloperation.

3. The utility model discloses set up the seal wire device, make it combine with the blood storage pond, whether the puncture trocar puts the pipe successfully or not of short-term judgement, improved and put the pipe success rate, reduced and put the pipe time.

4. The utility model discloses the one end of well external bushing syringe needle is provided with the flap, presses the flap when the syringe needle inserts, and pressure cancel when extracting, the flap resets, seals the outer tube to can prevent effectively that blood from spattering outward, reduce blood pollution, reduce the probability that medical staff infects.

Drawings

For a clear explanation of the embodiments or prior art solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a connection structure diagram of the needle, the blood storage pool and the shell.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the blood reservoir.

Fig. 4 is a structural view of a guide wire device according to example 1.

Fig. 5 is a structural view of a limiting and unlocking device in embodiment 1.

FIG. 6 is a view showing the structure of the outer tube.

FIG. 7 is a front view of embodiment 2.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of fig. 7 at a.

Fig. 9 shows a structure of a limiting and unlocking device in embodiment 2.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of embodiment 3.

Fig. 11 is a structural view of a limiting and unlocking device in embodiment 3.

The part names represented by the numbers or letters in the drawings are:

1-a housing; 11-a first runner; 12-a via hole; 2-a needle head; 3-a blood storage pool; 31-a second runner; 4-a retraction spring; 5-a guide wire device; 51-a guide wire; 52-guidewire push button; 6-limiting and unlocking device; 61-a stopper; 611-a semicircular limiting block; 612-an arc; 613-arc-shaped transverse plates; 62-limit unlocking device; 63-a stop block; 64-a limit groove; 65-a first support spring; 66-a second support spring; 7-a blood reservoir support means; 8-outer sleeve; 9-a valve.

Detailed Description

The following description briefly describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1-11 show the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structure of which is analyzed in detail from different points of view, respectively.

Example 1

An arteriovenous puncture trocar as shown in fig. 1 comprises a needle head 2, an outer sleeve 8, a shell 1, a blood storage pool 3 and a limiting and unlocking device 6 for limiting the position relation between the blood storage pool 3 and the shell 1.

Blood storage pool 3 sets up in shell 1, and one end stretches out from 1 tip of shell and 2 fixed connection with syringe needle, and the one end fixed connection that syringe needle 2 was kept away from to the other end through shrink spring 4 and shell 1.

As shown in fig. 5, the limiting and unlocking device 6 includes a stopper 63, a limiting groove 64, a limiting stopper 61, and a limiting unlocking stopper 62. Wherein, the stop block 63 is an arc-shaped block which is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the blood storage pool 3 and is matched with the outer wall of the blood storage pool 3 in shape. The limiting groove 64 is an arc-shaped groove which is arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1 and is matched with the setting position of the stop block 63 when the blood storage pool 3 is in the initial state. The stopper 61 is integrally formed, one end of the stopper is an arc-shaped plate 612 matched with the limit groove 64 and embedded in the limit groove 64, and the other end of the stopper is a semicircular limit block 611 which is sleeved outside the blood storage pool 3, cooperates with the stop block 63 and is used for preventing the blood storage pool 3 from retracting under the action of the retraction spring 4. Spacing unlocking ware 62 is the semicircular unlocking piece that matches the setting with stopper 61, and what can reciprocate sets up in stopper 61 top, presses spacing unlocking ware 62 and can make stopper 61 correspondingly move down, unlocks its restriction to dog 63, contracts syringe needle 2 and blood reservoir 3 under the effect of shrink spring 4. The radius of the limit release latch 62 is identical to the radius of the limit stop 61. In the initial state, the needle head 2 and the blood storage pool 3 extend out of the shell 1 and are fixed in position under the matching action of the stop block 63 and the limiting stopper 61, and the contraction spring 4 is in an extension state; after the tube is successfully placed, the limit unlocking device 62 is pressed to move downwards to press the limit device 61, the limit device 61 correspondingly moves downwards to release the limit of the limit device on the stop block 63, and the needle head 2 and the blood storage pool 3 can retract into the shell 1 under the action of the contraction spring 4 so as to avoid pricking medical staff and surrounding staff. Specifically, a first sliding groove 11 is formed in the side wall of the shell 1 along the moving direction of the blood storage pool 3, a button is arranged at one end, away from the limiting device 61, of the limiting unlocking device 62, the button penetrates through the first sliding groove 11 and is exposed on the surface of the shell 1, and the limiting unlocking device 62 can be conveniently pressed; one end of the shell 1 close to the needle 2 is provided with a through hole 12 which is used for passing through the stop block 63 and is matched with the stop block 63 in shape.

As shown in fig. 6, the outer sleeve 8 is sleeved on the needle 2, and a flap 9 made of flexible rubber for closing the outer sleeve 8 is arranged at one end of the outer sleeve connected with the needle 2, and the flap 9 comprises three or six flaps. When inserting syringe needle 2, valve 9 is opened along syringe needle 2 direction of inserting one-way under the press effect of syringe needle 2, and when extracting syringe needle 2, pressure cancellation, valve 9 resets under the elastic action of self, seals outer tube 8 to can prevent effectively that blood from spattering outward, reduce blood pollution, reduce the probability that medical staff infects.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the trocar further comprises a guide wire device 5 for determining the success of tube placement, wherein the guide wire device 5 comprises a guide wire 51 and a guide wire pushing button 52. The guide wire 51 is movably arranged in the needle head 2, one end of the guide wire can extend out of the needle head 2, and the other end of the guide wire is arranged in the blood storage pool 3. The guide wire pushing button 52 is slidably disposed in the first sliding groove 11, and a connecting end is formed at the bottom thereof. The second chute 31 corresponding to the first chute 11 is arranged on the side wall of the blood storage pool 3, the second chute 31 is sealed by rubber with an opening in the middle, the connecting end passes through the second chute 31 and is fixedly connected with one end of the guide wire 51 extending into the blood storage pool 3, and the guide wire push button 52 is moved in the first chute 11, so that the guide wire 51 can be driven to move back and forth in the needle 2. After the needle 2 is inserted into the artery and vein blood vessel, blood return occurs in the blood storage pool 3, at this time, the guide wire pushing button 52 is moved forward in the first chute 11 to drive the guide wire 51 to move forward in the needle 2 and extend out of the needle 2, if the guide wire 51 can move forward normally, the needle 2 is positioned in the artery and vein blood vessel, and the guide wire 51 can guide the insertion of the outer sleeve 8; if the guidewire 51 is not advanced properly, indicating that the needle 2 is not in the vessel, the catheterization will fail. Therefore, the arrangement of the guide wire device 5 improves the success rate of tube placement and saves the tube placement time. Specifically, the surface of the housing 1 is provided with scale marks for recording the moving position of the guide wire 51. The scale marks at least comprise three scale marks, namely an initial scale mark, a test scale mark and an end scale mark, wherein the initial scale mark is the position of the guide wire push button 52 when the guide wire 51 is positioned in the needle head 2 and does not extend out; the test scale mark is the position of the guide wire pushing button 52 when the guide wire 51 slightly extends out of the end part of the needle head 2 for a certain distance, and is used for determining whether the guide wire 51 can extend out of the needle head 2 and whether the end part of the needle head 2 is unobstructed; the end point scale mark is the position of the guide wire pushing button 52 when the guide wire 51 extends out of the needle 2 for the maximum distance, if the guide wire pushing button 52 can move to the end point scale mark position, the successful tube placement is indicated, and if the guide wire pushing button can not move to the end point scale mark position, the failure of tube placement is indicated if the needle 2 is not in the blood vessel. When the trocar is successfully recovered after the catheter is placed, the guide wire device can be driven by the blood storage pool to retract into the shell along the first sliding groove.

The second chute 31 is sealed by rubber with an opening in the middle, and on the basis that the connecting end can pass through, the blood storage pool 3 is sealed, so that the internal blood is prevented from overflowing from the second chute 31, and the blood pollution is reduced.

Further, the limit unlocking device 62 is fixedly connected with the guide wire pushing button 52 through a plastic plate, so that the limit unlocking device 62 can rotate above the blood storage pool 3 and move along with the movement of the guide wire device 5. After the tube is successfully placed, when the limiting unlocking device 62 is pressed to unlock the limiting device 61, the limiting unlocking device 62 can also be quickly reset under the elastic action of the plastic plate, so that the retraction of the blood storage pool 3 is prevented from being blocked.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, the limiting and unlocking device 6 further includes a second supporting spring 66 for supporting the limiter 61 to a designated height, one end of the second supporting spring 66 is fixedly connected with the limiter 61, and the other end is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the limiting groove 64, and is used for supporting the limiter 61 to a designated height, limiting the position of the stopper 63, and blocking the movement of the blood storage pool 3. Specifically, the sum of the compressed height of the second supporting spring 66 and the height of the arc-shaped plate 612 in the limiting device 61 is equal to the height of the limiting groove 64, so that the limiting device 61 is prevented from obstructing the movement of the stop block 63 when the limiting and unlocking device 6 is in the unlocking state; the sum of the extended height of the second supporting spring 66 and the height of the arc-shaped plate 612 in the stopper 61 is equal to the difference between the inner diameter of the shell 1 and the outer diameter of the blood reservoir 3, so that the stopper 61 is lifted to the height of the stop 63, and the effectiveness of preventing the stop 63 from moving is ensured. The radiuses of the limiting stopper 61 and the limiting unlocking device 62 are larger than the outer diameter of the blood storage pool 3 and smaller than the inner diameter of the shell 1.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a blood storage pool supporting device 7 fixedly connected with the outer surface of the blood storage pool 3 and used for ensuring the balance position of the blood storage pool 3 is further arranged in the shell 1, the blood storage pool supporting device 7 is annular, the inner diameter of the blood storage pool supporting device is consistent with the outer diameter of the blood storage pool 3, the outer diameter of the blood storage pool supporting device is consistent with the inner diameter of the shell 1, and the blood storage pool supporting device 7 moves along with the movement of the blood storage pool 3.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the rest is the same as embodiment 1 except that:

one side of the stopper 61 facing the stopper 63 is provided with an arc-shaped transverse plate 613 matched with the position and shape of the stopper 63, the arc-shaped transverse plate 613 is arranged at the upper edge of the stopper 61, and the thickness of the arc-shaped transverse plate 613 is smaller than that of the stopper 63. The sum of the height of the limiting groove 64, the thickness of the arc-shaped transverse plate 613 and the thickness of the stop block 63 is equal to the difference between the inner diameter of the shell 1 and the outer diameter of the blood storage pool 3, and the thickness of the stop block 63 is 1/5 of the height of the limiting groove 64, so that when the limiting state is ensured, most of the arc-shaped plate 612 in the limiter 61 is placed in the limiting groove 64, the resistance of the limiter 61 on the stop block 63 is increased, and the effectiveness of the limiting function is ensured.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the rest is the same as embodiment 2, except that:

spacing unlocking ware 62 passes through first supporting spring 65 fixed connection in the top of stopper 61, and spacing unlocking ware 62 is connected to first supporting spring 65 one end, and the other end connects blood storage pool 3. The limiting unlocking device 62 is pressed to unlock the limiting device 61, and the first supporting spring 65 can realize the resetting of the limiting unlocking device 62, so that the retraction of the blood storage pool 3 is prevented from being blocked.

To sum up, the utility model discloses a sound arteries and veins puncture trocar through setting up spacing, unlocking device, after putting the pipe successfully, presses the button on the spacing unlocking ware, can be with the quick unblock in blood storage pool, and syringe needle and blood storage pool can contract fast to the shell under shrink spring's drive in to avoid stabbing medical staff and staff on every side. Meanwhile, the guide wire device is arranged to be combined with the blood storage pool, so that whether the puncture trocar is successfully placed or not can be quickly judged, the tube placing success rate is improved, and the tube placing time is shortened.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An arteriovenous puncture trocar comprises a needle head (2), an outer sleeve (8) and a shell (1), and is characterized by further comprising a blood storage pool (3) and a limiting and unlocking device (6) for limiting the position relation between the blood storage pool (3) and the shell (1);

the blood storage pool (3) is arranged in the shell (1), one end of the blood storage pool extends out of the end part of the shell (1) and is fixedly connected with the needle head (2), and the other end of the blood storage pool is fixedly connected with one end of the shell (1) far away from the needle head (2) through a contraction spring (4);

the limiting and unlocking device (6) comprises a stop block (63), a limiting groove (64), a limiting device (61) and a limiting and unlocking device (62); the stop block (63) is an arc-shaped block which is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the blood storage pool (3) and is matched with the outer wall of the blood storage pool (3) in shape; the limiting groove (64) is an arc-shaped groove which is arranged on the inner wall of the shell (1) and is matched with the setting position of the stop block (63) when the blood storage pool (3) is in the initial state; one end of the limiting stopper (61) is provided with an arc-shaped plate (612) matched with the limiting groove (64) and embedded in the limiting groove (64), and the other end of the limiting stopper is provided with a semicircular limiting stopper (611) which is sleeved outside the blood storage pool (3), is matched with the stop block (63) and is used for preventing the blood storage pool (3) from retracting under the action of the contraction spring (4); the limiting unlocking device (62) is a semicircular unlocking block matched with the limiting device (61) in arrangement, the limiting unlocking device (62) can be arranged above the limiting device (61) in a vertically moving mode and used for pressing the limiting device (61) to enable the limiting device (61) to correspondingly move downwards to unlock the stop block (63), and the radius of the limiting unlocking device (62) is consistent with that of the limiting device (61).

2. An arteriovenous puncture trocar according to claim 1, characterized in that a first sliding groove (11) is formed in the side wall of the housing (1) along the moving direction of the blood storage pool (3), and a button is arranged at one end of the limit unlocking device (62) far away from the limit stopper (61), passes through the first sliding groove (11) and is exposed on the surface of the housing (1).

3. An arteriovenous puncture trocar according to claim 2, further comprising a guide wire device (5), the guide wire device (5) comprising a guide wire (51) and a guide wire push button (52); the guide wire (51) is movably arranged in the needle head (2), one end of the guide wire can extend out of the needle head (2), and the other end of the guide wire is arranged in the blood storage pool (3); the guide wire pushing button (52) is arranged in the first sliding groove (11) in a sliding mode, and a connecting end is formed at the bottom of the guide wire pushing button; a second sliding chute (31) corresponding to the first sliding chute (11) is formed in the side wall of the blood storage pool (3), and the second sliding chute (31) is sealed by rubber with an opening in the middle; the connecting end passes through the second chute (31) and is fixedly connected with one end of the guide wire (51) extending into the blood storage pool (3), and the guide wire pushing button (52) is moved to drive the guide wire (51) to move back and forth in the needle head (2).

4. An arteriovenous puncture trocar according to claim 3, wherein the limit unlocking device (62) is fixedly connected with the guide wire push button (52) through a plastic plate.

5. An arteriovenous puncture trocar according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the limit release (62) is fixedly connected above the limit release (61) by a first support spring (65), one end of the first support spring (65) is connected with the limit release (62) and the other end is connected with the blood reservoir (3).

6. An arteriovenous puncture trocar according to claim 1, characterized in that the radius of the stopper (61) and the stopper unlocking device (62) is larger than the outer diameter of the blood reservoir (3) and smaller than the inner diameter of the housing (1); the limiting and unlocking device (6) further comprises a second supporting spring (66) for supporting the limiting device (61) to a specified height, one end of the second supporting spring (66) is fixedly connected with the limiting device (61), and the other end of the second supporting spring is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the limiting groove (64); the sum of the compressed height of the second supporting spring (66) and the height of the arc-shaped plate (612) in the limiter (61) is equal to the height of the limiting groove (64), and the sum of the extended height of the second supporting spring (66) and the height of the arc-shaped plate (612) in the limiter (61) is equal to the difference between the inner diameter of the shell (1) and the outer diameter of the blood storage pool (3).

7. The arteriovenous puncture trocar according to claim 6, wherein one side of the stopper (61) facing the stopper (63) is provided with an arc-shaped transverse plate (613) matched with the position and the shape of the stopper (63), the arc-shaped transverse plate (613) is arranged at the upper edge of the stopper (61), and the thickness of the arc-shaped transverse plate (613) is smaller than that of the stopper (63); the sum of the height of the limiting groove (64), the thickness of the arc-shaped transverse plate (613) and the thickness of the stop block (63) is equal to the difference between the inner diameter of the shell (1) and the outer diameter of the blood storage pool (3), and the thickness of the stop block (63) is 1/5 of the height of the limiting groove (64).

8. An arteriovenous puncture trocar according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the housing (1) is provided with scale marks for recording the moving position of the guide wire (51).

9. An arteriovenous puncture trocar according to claim 1, characterized in that a blood reservoir supporting device (7) fixedly connected with the outer surface of the blood reservoir (3) and used for ensuring the balance position of the blood reservoir (3) is further arranged in the housing (1), the blood reservoir supporting device (7) is annular, the inner diameter of the blood reservoir supporting device is consistent with the outer diameter of the blood reservoir (3), the outer diameter of the blood reservoir supporting device is consistent with the inner diameter of the housing (1), and the blood reservoir supporting device (7) moves along with the movement of the blood reservoir (3).

10. An arteriovenous puncture trocar according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer sleeve (8) is sleeved on the needle (2), one end of the outer sleeve (8) connected with the needle (2) is provided with a valve (9) for closing the outer sleeve (8), and the valve (9) comprises at least three valves; when the needle head (2) is inserted, the valve (9) is opened along the insertion direction of the needle head (2) in a single direction under the pressing action of the needle head (2), and when the needle head (2) is pulled out, the valve (9) is reset to close the outer sleeve (8).