CN212182460U - Novel fuel cell bipolar plate - Google Patents
Novel fuel cell bipolar plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN212182460U CN212182460U CN202021378965.1U CN202021378965U CN212182460U CN 212182460 U CN212182460 U CN 212182460U CN 202021378965 U CN202021378965 U CN 202021378965U CN 212182460 U CN212182460 U CN 212182460U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a novel fuel cell bipolar plate, including positive pole veneer, negative pole veneer reverse side and negative pole veneer reverse side laminating form bipolar plate, be equipped with on the bipolar plate be used for the import and the export of hydrogen, air and coolant liquid circulation and with import and export the import gap bridge district of intercommunication, import distribution district, flow field runner district, export collection district, export gap bridge district, import gap bridge district and export gap bridge district include gap bridge runner, gap bridge passway, import distribution district and export collection district include many dislocation alternate arrangement's little boss and big boss, and the import sectional area is not more than the export sectional area that corresponds, and the length of gap bridge passway is not less than rather than the width of the import and the export of intercommunication, still is equipped with the guiding gutter with the import distribution district of hydrogen import and air intlet intercommunication. On the basis of the prior art, the bipolar plate improves the uniformity of fluid distribution, further improves the overall performance of the fuel cell, and reduces the service life attenuation of the cell caused by uneven fluid distribution.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the fuel cell technique and specifically relates to a novel fuel cell bipolar plate.
Background
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are considered as a potential clean energy source with their high efficiency, high specific energy, and low pollution. The bipolar plate is a key component of the PEMFC, not only occupies 70% to 80% of the weight of the cell, but also occupies a considerable proportion in the production cost of the cell, and has functions of mechanically supporting the membrane electrode, isolating and distributing reactants, collecting and conducting current, and, at the same time, also plays a role in heat dissipation and drainage of the entire cell system.
The bipolar plate material generally includes three types, namely graphite, metal, composite material and the like, wherein the graphite bipolar plate belongs to the mainstream material, is widely applied and is the most mature one in technical development, and the bipolar plates of most of domestic fuel cell stacks are made of graphite materials. In order to further improve the uniformity of the fluid distribution of the fuel cell and improve the performance of the fuel cell, the internal structure of the fuel cell needs to be continuously optimized.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a novel fuel cell bipolar plate, this bipolar plate have carried out further optimization to bipolar plate's structure on prior art's basis, have improved the uniformity that the fluid distributes, and then promote fuel cell's wholeness ability, reduce the battery life decay that causes because of the fluid distributes inequality.
A novel fuel cell bipolar plate comprises an anode single plate and a cathode single plate, wherein the reverse side of the cathode single plate is attached to the reverse side of the cathode single plate to form the bipolar plate, the bipolar plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen outlet, an air inlet, an air outlet, a cooling liquid inlet, a cooling liquid outlet, an inlet gap bridge area, an inlet distribution area, a flow field flow channel area, an outlet collection area and an outlet gap bridge area, the inlet and the outlet of the cooling liquid inlet are communicated with the inlet and the outlet of the cooling liquid inlet, the inlet distribution area, the flow field flow channel area, the outlet collection area and the outlet gap bridge area are arranged on the bipolar plate;
the inlet gap bridge area and the outlet gap bridge area comprise gap bridge flow passages and gap bridge passage ports, the gap bridge flow passages communicated with the hydrogen inlet, the hydrogen outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged on the reverse side of the anode single plate and are communicated with the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area through the gap bridge passage ports, and the gap bridge flow passages communicated with the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are arranged on the reverse side of the cathode single plate and are directly communicated with the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area;
the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area are arranged on the front surface of the anode single plate, the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged on the front surface of the cathode single plate, and the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area communicated with the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are arranged on the back surface of the cathode single plate;
the flow field flow channel area comprises a hydrogen flow field flow channel area and an air flow field flow channel area which are respectively arranged on the front surfaces of the anode single plate and the cathode single plate, and a cooling liquid flow field flow channel area arranged on the back surface of the cathode single plate;
the cross-sectional area of the inlet is not more than the cross-sectional area of the corresponding outlet, and the length of the gap bridge passage port is not less than the width of the inlet and the outlet communicated with the gap bridge passage port.
Preferably, the inlet distribution area communicated with the hydrogen inlet and the air inlet is further provided with a diversion trench, and the diversion trench is communicated with the gap bridge passage opening.
Preferably, the gap bridge channel which is communicated with the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet and is close to the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet is a special channel, and the width of the special channel is gradually increased from the inlet and the outlet to the gap bridge channel opening.
Preferably, the ends of the bridge flow passages communicating with the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are bent to both sides, respectively.
Preferably, the outlet cross-sectional area is 1 to 1.2 times the inlet cross-sectional area.
Preferably, the length of the bridge passage opening is 1-1.5 times of the width of the inlet and the outlet communicated with the bridge passage opening.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the length of the diversion trench is not less than the width of the gap bridge passage opening communicated with the diversion trench, and the depth of the diversion trench is 0.1-0.2mm deeper than the bottom surfaces of the large boss and the small boss.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the flow channels of the hydrogen flow field flow channel region and the air flow field flow channel region are S-shaped, and the flow channels of the cooling liquid flow field flow channel region are linear.
Preferably, the back surface of the anode single plate is separately provided with a joint line groove area for jointing the two single plates and sealing the flow channel area of the cooling liquid flow field.
Preferably, the anode single plate and the cathode single plate are provided with sealing line slot regions on the front surfaces thereof for sealing the hydrogen flow field flow channel region and the air smooth flow channel region.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
the structure is optimized on the basis of the mixed-flow bipolar plate structure, the overall sealing performance of the bipolar plate is further improved, fluid streaming is prevented, and the distribution of the fluid in a flow field flow channel area is more uniform by optimizing the size of the detailed structure of the bipolar plate and increasing structures such as a diversion trench, so that the overall performance of the fuel cell is improved, and the service life attenuation of the cell caused by uneven distribution of the fluid is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front structural view of an anode single plate.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reverse structure of the anode single plate.
Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a cathode single plate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic reverse structure of the cathode single plate.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of B in fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure at C in fig. 3.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of fig. 4 at D.
The reference numbers are as follows: 1-anode single plate, 2-cathode single plate, 3-hydrogen inlet, 4-hydrogen outlet, 5-air inlet, 6-air outlet, 7-cooling liquid inlet, 8-cooling liquid outlet, 9-bridging flow channel, 10-bridging channel port, 11-small boss, 12-large boss, 13-hydrogen flow field flow channel region, 14-air flow field flow channel region, 15-cooling liquid flow field flow channel region, 16-diversion trench, 17-joint line groove region and 18-sealing line groove region.
Detailed Description
The present embodiment is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A novel fuel cell bipolar plate as shown in fig. 1 to 8, which comprises an anode single plate 1 and a cathode single plate 2, wherein the reverse side of the cathode single plate 1 is attached to the reverse side of the cathode single plate 2 to form a bipolar plate, the bipolar plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet 3, a hydrogen outlet 4, an air inlet 5, an air outlet 6, a coolant inlet 7, a coolant outlet 8, an inlet bridge area, an inlet distribution area, a flow field channel area, an outlet collection area and an outlet bridge area, which communicate the inlet and the outlet, the hydrogen inlet 3, the coolant inlet 7 and the air outlet 6 are located at one end of the bipolar plate, and the hydrogen outlet 4, the coolant outlet 8 and the air inlet 5 are located at the other end of the bipolar plate;
the inlet gap bridge area and the outlet gap bridge area comprise gap bridge flow passages 9 and gap bridge channel openings 10, the gap bridge flow passages 9 which are communicated with a hydrogen inlet 3, a hydrogen outlet 4, an air inlet 5 and an air outlet 6 are arranged on the reverse side of the anode single plate 1 and are communicated with the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area through the gap bridge channel openings 10, and the gap bridge flow passages 9 which are communicated with a cooling liquid inlet 7 and a cooling liquid outlet 8 are arranged on the reverse side of the cathode single plate 2 and are directly communicated with the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area;
the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area comprise a plurality of small bosses 11 and large bosses 12 which are alternately arranged in a staggered manner, the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area which are communicated with the hydrogen inlet 3 and the hydrogen outlet 4 are arranged on the front surface of the anode single plate 1, the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area which are communicated with the air inlet 5 and the air outlet 6 are arranged on the front surface of the cathode single plate 2, and the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area which are communicated with the cooling liquid inlet 7 and the cooling liquid outlet 8 are arranged on the back surface of the cathode single plate 2;
the flow field flow channel area comprises a hydrogen flow field flow channel area 13 and an air flow field flow channel area 14 which are respectively arranged on the front surfaces of the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 1, and a cooling liquid flow field flow channel area 15 arranged on the back surface of the cathode single plate 2;
the inlet cross-sectional area is not larger than the corresponding outlet cross-sectional area, and the length of the bridge passage opening 10 is not smaller than the width of the inlet and the outlet communicated with the bridge passage opening.
In this embodiment, the inlet distribution region communicating with the hydrogen inlet 3 and the air inlet 5 is further provided with a guide groove 16, and the guide groove 16 communicates with the bridge passage port 10.
In the present embodiment, the bridge passage 9, which communicates the hydrogen inlet 3 with the hydrogen outlet 4 and communicates the air inlet 5 with the air outlet 6, near the coolant inlet 7 and the coolant outlet 8, is a special passage, and the width of the special passage gradually increases from the inlet and the outlet toward the bridge passage opening 10.
In the present embodiment, the ends of the bridge flow paths 9 communicating with the coolant inlet 7 and the coolant outlet 8 are bent to both sides, respectively.
In this embodiment, the outlet cross-sectional area is 1 to 1.2 times the inlet cross-sectional area.
In this embodiment, the length of the bridge passage opening 10 is 1 to 1.5 times the width of the inlet and outlet openings communicating therewith.
In this embodiment, the length of the diversion trench 16 is not less than the width of the bridge passage opening 10 communicated with the diversion trench, and the depth of the diversion trench 16 is 0.1-0.2mm deeper than the bottom surfaces of the large boss 12 and the small boss 11.
In this embodiment, the flow channels of the hydrogen flow field flow channel region 13 and the air flow field flow channel region 14 are S-shaped, and the flow channels of the coolant flow field flow channel region 15 are linear.
In this embodiment, the back surface of the anode single plate 1 is separately provided with a joint line groove region 17 for jointing the two single plates and sealing the cooling liquid flow field channel region 15. The back surface of the back surface 1 of the anode plate is separately provided with the joint line groove area 17, so that the strength of the anode single plate 1 can be enhanced, and the phenomenon of stress concentration caused by processing a flow channel only on the front surface of the anode single plate 1 is avoided.
In this embodiment, the front surfaces of the anode single plate 1 and the cathode single plate 2 are provided with sealing line groove areas 18 for sealing the flow passage area 13 of the hydrogen flow field and the air smooth flow passage area 14, and the sealing line groove areas 18 are connected and sealed with the adjacent membrane electrodes.
In this embodiment, taking the sectional areas of the inlet and the outlet as an example, hydrogen, air, and cooling fluid enter from their respective inlets, sequentially pass through the inlet bridge region, the inlet distribution region, the flow field channel region, the outlet collection region, and the outlet bridge region communicated with the inlets, and then flow out from the corresponding outlets, and the innovation point of the technical scheme is that the distribution of the fluid is more uniform by optimizing the internal structure of the bipolar plate, which is specifically represented as:
the sectional area of the inlet is not larger than that of the outlet correspondingly, and the flow velocity of the fluid is more uniform by balancing the pressure between the inlet and the outlet, so that the fluid can better flow to all flow channels of the flow field flow channel area; the special flow channel is arranged, the length of the gap bridge channel opening 10 is not less than the width of the hydrogen inlet 3 and the hydrogen outlet 4 which are communicated with the gap bridge channel opening, the width of the air inlet 5 and the width of the air outlet 6 which are communicated with the gap bridge channel opening, the inlet distribution area is provided with the diversion trench 16 which is communicated with the gap bridge channel opening 10, and the length of the diversion trench 16 is not less than the width of the inlet gap bridge area, through the series of gradual expansion of the flowing width of the fluid, the fluid can be well ensured to uniformly enter the inlet distribution area, meanwhile, before the fluid enters the inlet distribution area, the depth of the diversion trench 16 is 0.1-0.2mm deeper than the bottom surfaces of the large boss 12 and the small boss 11, the effect can be further deepened, and the fluid can rapidly fill in the diversion trench; the inlet distribution area comprises a plurality of small bosses 11 and large bosses 12 which are alternately arranged in a staggered mode, the small bosses 1 and the large bosses 12 are used for further reducing the pressure difference of fluid at different distances from an inlet and improving the uniformity of the fluid again, so that the flow velocity and the flow of the fluid entering each flow channel of the flow field flow channel area are as consistent as possible, namely the uniform reaction of the whole anode single plate 1 and the whole cathode single plate 2 is ensured, the gas after the reaction flows out from an outlet after passing through the outlet collection area and the outlet bridging area in the same mode, and the tail ends of the bridging flow channels 9 communicated with the coolant inlet 7 and the coolant outlet 8 are respectively bent towards two sides so as to ensure that the coolant flows in the liquid flow field flow channel area 15 of the cold area more uniformly. The above detailed structural features are all used for improving the uniform fluidity of the fluid, thereby improving the overall performance of the fuel cell and reducing the service life attenuation of the cell caused by the uneven distribution of the fluid.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A novel fuel cell bipolar plate is characterized in that: the bipolar plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen outlet, an air inlet, an air outlet, a cooling liquid inlet, a cooling liquid outlet, an inlet gap bridge area, an inlet distribution area, a flow field channel area, an outlet collection area and an outlet gap bridge area, wherein the inlet and the outlet are communicated;
the inlet gap bridge area and the outlet gap bridge area comprise gap bridge flow passages and gap bridge passage ports, the gap bridge flow passages communicated with the hydrogen inlet, the hydrogen outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged on the reverse side of the anode single plate and are communicated with the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area through the gap bridge passage ports, and the gap bridge flow passages communicated with the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are arranged on the reverse side of the cathode single plate and are directly communicated with the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area;
the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area are arranged on the front surface of the anode single plate, the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged on the front surface of the cathode single plate, and the inlet distribution area and the outlet collection area communicated with the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are arranged on the back surface of the cathode single plate;
the flow field flow channel area comprises a hydrogen flow field flow channel area and an air flow field flow channel area which are respectively arranged on the front surfaces of the anode single plate and the cathode single plate, and a cooling liquid flow field flow channel area arranged on the back surface of the cathode single plate;
the cross-sectional area of the inlet is not more than the cross-sectional area of the corresponding outlet, and the length of the gap bridge passage port is not less than the width of the inlet and the outlet communicated with the gap bridge passage port.
2. A bipolar plate as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the inlet distribution area communicated with the hydrogen inlet and the air inlet is also provided with a diversion trench, and the diversion trench is communicated with the gap bridge passage opening.
3. A bipolar plate as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the gap bridge flow channel communicated with the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet and communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet and close to the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet is a special flow channel, and the width of the special flow channel is gradually increased from the inlet and the outlet to the gap bridge passage port.
4. A bipolar plate as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the tail ends of the gap bridge flow passages communicated with the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are respectively bent towards two sides.
5. A bipolar plate as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the cross-sectional area of the outlet is 1-1.2 times of the cross-sectional area of the inlet.
6. A bipolar plate as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the length of the gap bridge channel opening is 1-1.5 times of the width of the inlet and the outlet communicated with the gap bridge channel opening.
7. A bipolar plate as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the length of the diversion trench is not less than the width of a gap bridge passage opening communicated with the diversion trench, and the depth of the diversion trench is 0.1-0.2mm deeper than the bottom surfaces of the large boss and the small boss.
8. A bipolar plate as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the flow channels of the hydrogen flow field flow channel area and the air flow field flow channel area are S-shaped, and the flow channels of the cooling liquid flow field flow channel area are linear.
9. A bipolar plate as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and the back surface of the anode single plate is separately provided with a joint line groove area which is used for jointing the two single plates and sealing the flow channel area of the cooling liquid flow field.
10. A bipolar plate as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and sealing wire groove areas are arranged on the front surfaces of the anode single plate and the cathode single plate and are used for sealing the hydrogen flow field flow passage area and the air smooth flow passage area.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021378965.1U CN212182460U (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Novel fuel cell bipolar plate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021378965.1U CN212182460U (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Novel fuel cell bipolar plate |
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| CN212182460U true CN212182460U (en) | 2020-12-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113517453A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-10-19 | 西安交通大学 | Battery/electrolytic cell connector and battery/electrolytic cell assembly |
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2020
- 2020-07-14 CN CN202021378965.1U patent/CN212182460U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113517453A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-10-19 | 西安交通大学 | Battery/electrolytic cell connector and battery/electrolytic cell assembly |
| CN113517453B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2023-03-10 | 西安交通大学 | Battery/electrolytic cell connector and battery/electrolytic cell assembly |
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