CN113224344A - Proton exchange membrane fuel cell polar plate runner structure and fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a proton exchange membrane fuel cell polar plate flow channel structure, which comprises a polar plate and a flow channel arranged on the polar plate, wherein the flow channel is in a multi-channel form and is in a form of at least one turn, a gas gathering groove is arranged at the turn of the polar plate, and the gas gathering groove is communicated with the multi-channel of the flow channel. The gas gathering groove is arranged at the corner of the cell, and has a larger space relative to the corner structure of the flow channel, so that accumulated water can be effectively prevented, water in the flow channel can be smoothly and timely discharged, good gas transmission and water transmission can be ensured, a membrane electrode is prevented from being flooded by water, local gas supply and uniform reaction in the cell are ensured, uniform current distribution and stable external output performance are ensured, the cell is prevented from being reversed, and the service life of the cell is prolonged. The invention also provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

Description

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell polar plate runner structure and fuel cell

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, in particular to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell polar plate flow channel structure and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with the same.

Background

The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a high-efficiency energy conversion device for directly converting chemical energy into electric energy, is not restricted by Carnot cycle, can directly convert the chemical energy into the electric energy with the conversion efficiency of 45 percent, can achieve the conversion efficiency of 90 percent by adopting combined heat and power supply, and the chemical reaction product is mainly water, can realize real zero pollution, so the PEMFC is widely applied to distributed power stations, mobile power supplies and the like, and is considered as a power source which can most possibly replace the traditional internal combustion engine in the future. One important factor of whether a fuel cell can occupy the market is the performance of the fuel cell, which is the external characteristic of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the performance of the fuel cell is usually expressed in the form of the current density and voltage output to the outside, however, the management of water and gas is an important factor influencing the performance. Sufficient moisture can effectively enable hydrogen ions to pass through the proton exchange membrane and combine with oxygen ions, however, excessive moisture not only causes the exhaust pipeline on the cathode side to be blocked by water, but also causes the activity of the catalyst to be reduced because the cathode catalytic layer is submerged by water; the good gas management can not only make the discharge of the water generated by the reaction easier, namely prevent the fuel cell from flooding, but also accelerate the reaction of the fuel cell. Therefore, water and gas management is one of bottlenecks in the development of fuel cells.

In the existing technology for managing water of fuel cell, the design of flow channels is usually adopted to improve the drainage of fuel cell, and the traditional flow channels include single serpentine flow channel, multi-path serpentine flow channel, parallel flow channel, grid flow channel, interdigital flow channel, etc. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages, such as: the parallel flow channels are easy to process, the pressure difference inside the flow channels is small, but the reaction efficiency in the catalyst is reduced due to the uneven gas distribution of the parallel flow channels, so that the current density is reduced, the drainage performance of the parallel flow channels is poor, and the membrane electrode is easily flooded by water; the serpentine flow channel has good performance and good drainage effect, but the flow channel is narrow and long in interior, so that larger inlet pressure is needed to overcome the resistance in the flow channel; the gas distribution of the grid flow channels is relatively uniform compared with that of the parallel flow channels, but the performance of the grid flow channels is relatively low compared with that of interdigital flow channels and serpentine flow channels; the interdigitated flow channel can utilize the catalyst more efficiently, but the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel of the interdigitated flow channel are not communicated, so that a larger gas inlet pressure is required, and a larger-power gas delivery pump is required.

The excellent design of the fuel cell flow channel directly influences the reaction progress, thereby influencing the excellent performance output of the fuel cell. Therefore, in order to overcome the disadvantages of poor gas and water transmission in the conventional flow channels, it is necessary to design a new flow channel structure for the plate of the proton exchange fuel cell.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a flow channel structure of a proton exchange fuel cell polar plate, which aims to solve the problems of over low local current density, over low overall performance and the like caused by flooding of a membrane electrode due to poor gas transmission and water transmission caused by the non-ideal internal flow channel structure design of a fuel cell in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a proton exchange membrane fuel cell polar plate runner structure comprises a polar plate and a runner arranged on the polar plate, wherein the runner is in a multi-channel form, the runner is in a form of at least one turn, a gas gathering groove is arranged at the turn of the polar plate, and the gas gathering groove is communicated with the multi-channel of the runner.

Further, the gas gathering groove is provided with gas guide blocks on the side walls of two sides along the gas flowing direction, the gas guide blocks are arranged in a plurality of bulges along the side walls of the gas gathering groove, the gas guide blocks are arranged in an inclined mode, and the inclined direction is a deviation gas flowing direction.

Preferably, the gas guide block is a triangular prism, one side surface of the gas guide block is connected with the side wall of the gas gathering groove, in the section triangle of the gas guide block, a bevel edge is connected with the side wall of the gas gathering groove, the included angle between one bevel edge and the side wall of the gas gathering groove is 110-.

Furthermore, a gas distribution device is arranged at the rear end of the gas gathering groove, a plurality of distribution channels are formed in the gas distribution device, the number of the distribution channels is consistent with the number of the flow channels, and the distribution channels are in one-to-one correspondence with the channels of the flow channels and are used for being connected with the flow channels at the rear.

Preferably, the side wall between the adjacent shunting channels is provided with an air guide groove communicated with the adjacent shunting channels.

Preferably, the number of the adjacent air guide grooves between the shunting channels is two, the air guide grooves are obliquely arranged along the flowing direction of the air, and the inclination directions of the two air guide grooves between the shunting channels are adjacent to each other so as to have different air guide directions.

Preferably, the inlet end of the shunting channel is chamfered.

Furthermore, a tapered drain hole which penetrates through the polar plate and is large inside and small outside is formed at the front end position of the gas gathering groove.

Preferably, the drain hole is conical, the diameter of the inner round hole is 4-7mm, and the diameter of the outer round hole is 1-3 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell polar plate flow passage structure provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: offer the runner on the polar plate, get rid of the runner of turning department, the substitute is to set up a gas and assemble the groove, for the structure of turning round of runner, gas assembles the groove and has bigger space, can effectively prevent ponding, thereby it is smooth and easy, in time discharge to do benefit to the interior water flow of runner, guarantee that gas transmission and water transmission are good and avoid arousing that membrane electrode is flooded by water, guarantee that local gas supply in the battery, the reaction is even, guarantee that current distribution is even, the stable performance of external output, avoid the battery to invert, protect the battery life-span.

The invention also provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises a membrane electrode and a cell plate flow channel structure positioned on two sides of the membrane electrode, wherein the cell plate flow channel structure positioned on the anode adopts the proton exchange membrane fuel cell plate flow channel structure except the scheme of arranging the drain hole at the gas gathering groove, and the cell plate flow channel structure positioned on the cathode adopts the proton exchange membrane fuel cell plate flow channel structure.

Compared with the prior art, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the proton exchange membrane fuel cell polar plate flow passage structure provided by the invention is characterized in that the polar plate is provided with a flow passage, the flow passage at the corner is removed, and a gas gathering groove is arranged instead of the flow passage, and the gas gathering groove has a larger space relative to the corner structure of the flow passage, so that accumulated water can be effectively prevented, water in the flow passage can be smoothly and timely discharged, good gas transmission and water transmission can be ensured, a membrane electrode is prevented from being flooded by water, the local gas supply and reaction in the cell are ensured to be uniform, the current distribution is ensured to be uniform, the performance of external output is stable, the cell is prevented from being reversed, and the service life of the cell is prolonged.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of example 3;

fig. 6 is an exploded view of the structure of fig. 5.

Wherein the labels shown in the figures are: 10-pole plate; 20-a flow channel; 21-air inlet; 22-air outlet; 30-a gas sink; 31-a gas guide block; 32-drain holes; 40-a gas diversion device; 41-a flow-splitting channel; 42-a gas guide groove; 62-anode gas diffusion layer; 63-anode catalyst layer; 64-a proton exchange membrane; 65-cathode catalyst layer; 66-cathode gas diffusion layer.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention provides a plate flow channel structure of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, including a plate 10 and a flow channel 20 formed on the plate 10. The plate 10 is made of graphite or metal, such as stainless steel. The cell plate flow channel structure of the preferred embodiment is used at the anode of a fuel cell, and the flow channel 20 is mainly used for introducing hydrogen and has an air inlet 21 and an air outlet 22. The flow channel 20 is opened at the inner side (the side facing the membrane electrode) of the electrode plate 10, the inner side of the electrode plate 10 is attached to the membrane electrode, and the outward side (the side facing the membrane electrode) of the flow channel 20 is opened to form a channel with the membrane electrode. The flow channel 20 is in the form of a multi-path channel, in the preferred embodiment, the flow channel 20 is in the form of three-path parallel channels, the flow channel 20 is in the form of a multi-turn channel, and has at least one turn, the polar plate 10 is provided with a gas convergence groove 30 at the turn of the flow channel 20, the gas convergence groove 30 is communicated with the multi-path channel of the flow channel 20, that is, a gas convergence groove 30 with a certain volume is provided at the turn of the flow channel 20, and the multi-path channel of the flow channel 20 enables the gas to converge in the gas convergence groove 30 and enter the subsequent flow channel 20 from the gas convergence groove 30.

When the fuel cell operates, a large amount of heat energy can be released, water can be generated, water is easy to accumulate at the turning of a flow channel of the cell, the water in the flow channel of the cell cannot be discharged in time, the gas supply in a local area in the cell is insufficient, the reaction is not uniform, the current distribution is not uniform, the performance of external output is rapidly reduced, even the cell is in reverse polarity, and the service life of the cell is shortened. Aiming at the defects, the invention utilizes the principle that water vapor can be condensed into liquid water when meeting a cold wall surface, the polar plate 10 is provided with the flow channel 20, the flow channel 20 at the corner is removed, and the gas gathering groove 30 is arranged instead of the flow channel, and compared with the turning structure of the flow channel, the gas gathering groove 30 has larger space and can effectively prevent water accumulation, thereby being beneficial to smooth and timely discharge of water flowing in the flow channel 20, ensuring good gas transmission and water transmission to avoid flooding of a membrane electrode, ensuring uniform local gas supply and reaction in a battery, ensuring uniform current distribution and stable external output performance, avoiding the reverse polarity of the battery and protecting the service life of the battery; and can prevent that gas from revealing, reduce anode pressure loss, avoid resulting in the speed that the proton transmitted to the negative pole to reduce and appear the reaction and slow down, the circumstances that the output electric energy reduces.

In a preferred embodiment, the gas gathering groove 30 is provided with gas guide blocks 31 on two side walls along the gas flowing direction, the gas guide blocks 31 are arranged in a plurality of convex shapes along the side walls of the gas gathering groove 30, and the gas guide blocks 31 are obliquely arranged and the oblique direction is deviated to the gas flowing direction. Through setting up the air guide block 31, can accelerate gas convection action and water conservancy diversion effect, be favorable to realizing the flow of gas and water to guarantee that gas transmission and water transmission are good. Further, the gas guide block 31 is a triangular prism, one side surface is connected with the side wall of the gas convergence groove 30, in the section triangle of the gas guide block 31 which is the triangular prism, one bevel edge is connected with the side wall of the gas convergence groove 30, the included angle between one bevel edge and the side wall of the gas convergence groove 30 is 110-. If the polar plate 10 is made of graphite, the gas guide block 31 is also made of graphite and is integrally carved on the polar plate 10; if the electrode plate 10 is made of a metal plate, the air guide block 31 is also made of metal and is welded or integrally formed on the electrode plate 10.

Further, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, an air flow distribution device 40 is disposed at a rear end position of the air converging groove 30, the air flow distribution device 40 is provided with a plurality of flow distribution channels 41, the number of the flow distribution channels 41 is the same as the number of the flow channels 20, and the flow distribution channels 41 are three and correspond to the channels of the flow channels 20 one by one to be connected with the flow channels 20 at the rear. If the polar plate 10 is made of graphite plate, the gas flow divider 40 is also made of graphite and integrally carved on the polar plate 10; if the electrode plate 10 is made of a metal plate, the gas flow distribution device 40 is also made of metal and is welded or integrally provided on the electrode plate 10. The gas entering from the flow channel 20 is converged in the gas converging groove 30, and after being convected and guided by the gas guide block 31, the gas enters the gas flow dividing device 40, specifically, each flow dividing channel 41 of the gas flow dividing device 40 to realize flow dividing, and then the gas is divided to enter each channel of the flow channel 20 at the rear part, so as to realize subsequent transportation. And the rear end of the gas flow-dividing means 40 is provided with a rounded corner at the position of communication with the respective passages of the flow passage 20 to facilitate the flow of gas and water, if any.

Set up the air guide groove 42 that communicates adjacent reposition of redundant personnel passageway 41 on the lateral wall between adjacent reposition of redundant personnel passageway 41, set up the aim at of air guide groove 42, help realizing that the atmospheric pressure of each reposition of redundant personnel passageway 41 is unanimous, when gas flow is different between adjacent reposition of redundant personnel passageway 41, the atmospheric pressure is inconsistent then the high-pressure air current of pressure can get into the reposition of redundant personnel passageway 41 that pressure is low through air guide groove 42 among reposition of redundant personnel passageway 41, make each reposition of redundant personnel passageway 41 pressure unanimous, thereby make gas flow distribute evenly.

The number of the gas guide grooves 42 between the adjacent divided flow passages 41 is two, and in the preferred embodiment, the number of the divided flow passages 41 is three, the number of the gas guide grooves 42 is four in total, the gas guide grooves 42 are obliquely arranged along the gas flow direction, and the inclination directions of the two gas guide grooves 42 between the adjacent divided flow passages 41 are not uniform to have different gas guide directions. Specifically, referring to the preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the two air guide grooves 42 near the air inlet end are formed by that the notches of the middle flow dividing channel 41 are more inclined to the end positions of the flow dividing channels 41 relative to the notches of the flow dividing channels 41 at two sides, so that when air flows, the air flow of the middle flow dividing channel 41 hardly enters the two side flow dividing channels 41 through the two air guide grooves 42, that is, the air guide function to the two sides is not achieved, and the two side flow dividing channels 41 easily enter the middle flow dividing channel 41 through the two air guide grooves 42, that is, the air guide function to the middle is achieved; the two air guide grooves 42 far away from the air inlet end are used for communicating the notches of the middle flow dividing channel 41 and are more inclined to the front end position of the flow dividing channel 41 relative to the notches of the flow dividing channels 41 communicated with the two sides, so that when air flows, the airflow of the middle flow dividing channel 41 easily enters the flow dividing channels 41 on the two sides through the two air guide grooves 42, namely, the airflow guiding function towards the two sides is achieved, and the flow dividing channels 41 on the two sides hardly enter the middle flow dividing channel 41 through the two air guide grooves 42, namely, the airflow guiding function towards the middle is achieved. By utilizing the principle of air pressure balance, the air guide grooves 42 with different air guide directions are arranged, so that the adjustment of the air flow between the adjacent flow dividing channels 41 can be facilitated, the pressure of each flow dividing channel 41 is consistent, the air flow distribution is uniform, and the air is uniformly distributed to the flow dividing channels 41. Further, the inlet end of the flow dividing channel 41 is chamfered to form a structure with a larger front and a smaller rear, thereby facilitating the air flow entering the flow dividing channel 41.

Example 2

Different from embodiment 1, please refer to fig. 4, in the preferred embodiment, a tapered water drainage hole 32 penetrating through the electrode plate 10 is formed at the front end of the gas gathering groove 30, that is, an opening of one end of the water drainage hole 32 close to the membrane electrode of the cell is larger, an opening of one end of the water drainage hole 32 far away from the membrane electrode of the cell is smaller, and a plurality of water drainage holes 32 are formed, where two water drainage holes 32 are formed in each gas gathering groove 30 in the preferred embodiment, so as to facilitate water drainage. The cell plate flow channel structure of the preferred embodiment is mainly suitable for the cathode of the fuel cell, the flow channel 20 is mainly used for introducing air, the drain hole 32 penetrates the plate 10, and the cathode is at the bottom when in use. In the preferred embodiment, the gas gathering tank 30 at the cathode is provided with a tapered drain hole 32, the drain hole 32 is mainly arranged for the reaction to proceed at the cathode and generate water, because the water generated during the reaction is violent and is usually water vapor, and the water condenses into liquid water when encountering a cooler wall surface, and the tapered drain hole 32 is used for sealing the drain hole 32 due to the fact that the drain hole 32 has a smaller outlet in a tapered structure when the water accumulation is insufficient, thereby reducing the pressure loss; when moisture accumulation is enough, utilize the effect of moisture gravity to carry out the drainage to can discharge too much moisture, prevent to cause ponding.

Further, the drain hole 32 is conical, in the preferred embodiment, the diameter of the inner circular hole of the drain hole 32 is 4-7mm, the diameter of the outer circular hole is 1-3mm, and the reasonable aperture can ensure that the drain hole 32 can be sealed by water when the water accumulation is insufficient, so as to reduce the pressure loss; when moisture accumulation is enough, utilize the effect of moisture gravity to carry out the drainage to can discharge too much moisture, prevent to cause ponding.

Example 3

The preferred embodiment provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which includes a membrane electrode and a cell plate flow channel structure located on two sides of the membrane electrode, wherein the cell plate flow channel structure located at the anode adopts the proton exchange membrane fuel cell plate flow channel structure of embodiment 1, and the cell plate flow channel structure located at the cathode adopts the proton exchange membrane fuel cell plate flow channel structure of embodiment 2. Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, the plate flow channel structure of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell of embodiment 1, the anode gas diffusion layer 62, the anode catalyst layer 63, the proton exchange membrane 64, the cathode catalyst layer 65, the cathode gas diffusion layer 66, and the plate flow channel structure of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell of embodiment 2 are stacked and distributed from top to bottom. The anode gas diffusion layer 62, the anode catalyst layer 63, the proton exchange membrane 64, the cathode catalyst layer 65, and the cathode gas diffusion layer 66 are combined by a hot pressing method or the like to form a membrane electrode, and the membrane electrode is located between two cell plate flow channel structures to form a completed fuel cell, wherein the plate 10 of the cell plate flow channel structure of the embodiment 1 is used as an anode plate, and the plate 10 of the cell plate flow channel structure of the embodiment 2 is used as a cathode plate.

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell provided by the preferred embodiment utilizes the principle that water vapor is condensed into liquid water when encountering a cold wall surface, removes a runner at a corner, and replaces the runner with a gas gathering tank 30, and the gas gathering tank 30 has a larger space relative to the corner structure of the runner, so that accumulated water can be effectively prevented, water in the runner 20 can be smoothly and timely discharged, gas transmission and water transmission are ensured to be good, membrane electrodes are prevented from being flooded by water, local gas supply and reaction in the cell are ensured to be uniform, the uniform current distribution and stable external output performance are ensured, the reverse polarity of the cell is avoided, and the service life of the cell is protected; the front end of the gas gathering tank 30 at the cathode is provided with a drain hole 32, the drain hole 32 is arranged for the reaction to proceed at the cathode and generate water, because the water generated during the reaction is violent is usually vapor, and the water can be condensed into liquid water when meeting the cold wall surface, the drain hole 32 is arranged for the purpose that when the water accumulation is insufficient, the drain hole 32 has a small outlet because the drain hole 32 is in a conical structure, the water can seal the drain hole 32, and the pressure loss is reduced; when moisture accumulation is enough, utilize the effect of moisture gravity to carry out the drainage to can discharge too much moisture, prevent to cause ponding. The gas gathering tank 30 of the flow passage structure of the battery plate is provided with a gas guide block 31, and the gas convection action and the flow guide action are accelerated by using the gas guide block 31; the gas distribution device 40 is disposed at the rear end of the gas gathering groove 30, so that the gas gathered in the gas gathering groove 30 passes through the gas distribution device 40 again and enters the rear flow channel 20 again and uniformly, and meanwhile, the gas guide groove 42 is disposed on the gas distribution device 40 by using the principle of gas pressure balance, so as to uniformly distribute the gas into the respective distribution channels 41 and further into the respective channels of the flow channel 20. Aiming at the characteristics that the reaction is carried out at the cathode and the pressure of the anode is greater than that of the cathode, the anode is not provided with the drain hole 32, so that the gas leakage is reduced, the pressure loss of the anode is reduced, and the conditions that the reaction is slowed down and the output electric energy is reduced due to the reduction of the speed of proton transmission to the cathode are avoided.

The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell polar plate runner structure, including polar plate (10) and set up runner (20) on polar plate (10), runner (20) are the multichannel form, just runner (20) are the form of at least one turn, its characterized in that: the polar plate (10) is provided with a gas gathering groove (30) at the corner of the flow channel (20), and the gas gathering groove (30) is communicated with a multi-channel of the flow channel (20).

2. The pem fuel cell plate flow-channel structure of claim 1 wherein: gas guide block (31) have been seted up on gas convergence groove (30) along the both sides lateral wall of gas flow direction, gas guide block (31) are a plurality of protruding arrangement forms of arranging along the lateral wall of gas convergence groove (30), gas guide block (31) slope sets up, and the incline direction is partial gas flow direction.

3. The pem fuel cell plate flow-channel structure of claim 2 wherein: the gas guide block (31) is a triangular prism, one side surface of the gas guide block is connected with the side wall of the gas gathering groove (30), in the section triangle of the gas guide block (31) which is the triangular prism, one bevel edge is connected with the side wall of the gas gathering groove (30), the included angle between one bevel edge and the side wall of the gas gathering groove (30) is 110-.

4. The pem fuel cell plate flow-channel structure of claim 1 wherein: the rear end of the gas gathering groove (30) is provided with a gas flow dividing device (40), the gas flow dividing device (40) is provided with a plurality of flow dividing channels (41), the number of the flow dividing channels (41) is consistent with the number of the channels of the flow channel (20), and the flow dividing channels correspond to the channels of the flow channel (20) one by one and are connected with the flow channel (20) at the rear.

5. The pem fuel cell plate flow-channel structure of claim 4 wherein: and the side wall between the adjacent shunting channels (41) is provided with an air guide groove (42) communicated with the adjacent shunting channels (41).

6. The pem fuel cell plate flow-channel structure of claim 5, wherein: it is adjacent air guide groove (42) between reposition of redundant personnel passageway (41) are two, air guide groove (42) are for setting up along the gas flow direction slope, and are adjacent the incline direction of two air guide groove (42) between reposition of redundant personnel passageway (41) is inconsistent in order to have different air guide directions.

7. The pem fuel cell plate flow-channel structure of claim 5, wherein: the inlet end of the flow dividing channel (41) is chamfered.

8. The pem fuel cell plate flow-channel structure of claim 1 wherein: the front end of the gas gathering groove (30) is provided with a conical water discharge hole (32) which penetrates through the pole plate (10) and has a large inside and a small outside.

9. The pem fuel cell plate flow-channel structure of claim 8 wherein: the drain hole (32) is conical, the diameter of the circular hole at the inner side is 4-7mm, and the diameter of the circular hole at the outer side is 1-3 mm.

10. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises a membrane electrode and a cell plate flow channel structure positioned on two side faces of the membrane electrode, and is characterized in that: the flow channel structure of the battery plate at the anode adopts the flow channel structure of the proton exchange membrane fuel battery plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the flow channel structure of the battery plate at the cathode adopts the flow channel structure of the proton exchange membrane fuel battery plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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