CN209896180U - Bipolar plate of fuel cell - Google Patents
Bipolar plate of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN209896180U CN209896180U CN201920587684.8U CN201920587684U CN209896180U CN 209896180 U CN209896180 U CN 209896180U CN 201920587684 U CN201920587684 U CN 201920587684U CN 209896180 U CN209896180 U CN 209896180U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model provides a fuel cell bipolar plate, which comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate; the back surfaces of the two polar plates are opposite to form the bipolar plate, a bipolar plate cooling water flow field is formed between the two polar plates, and a flow channel in a cooling water active area flow field corresponding to one polar plate extends to the coverage range of a cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the other polar plate and is used for conducting cooling water; or the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate extends to the range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the anode plate, and the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the anode plate extends to the range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate. The technical scheme of the utility model in having solved the bipolar plate of the water flow way that present existence is interrupted, the problem of whole intercommunication can not be realized to the cooling water.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell field particularly, especially relates to a fuel cell bipolar plate.
Background
The fuel cell is a clean energy technology for directly converting chemical energy into electric energy, and has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, simple structure, low emission, low noise and the like, in the fuel cell, hydrogen and air need to be guided and distributed to an active region by a bipolar plate to generate electrochemical reaction, and meanwhile, a flow field in the bipolar plate needs to guide and distribute cooling water to circulate inside and outside the cell so as to take away heat generated by the chemical reaction of the cell; the distribution area is used as a bridge for connecting the manifold and the active area, and the structural design of the distribution area is directly related to the success or failure of the bipolar plate design; particularly, the structure of the distribution area of the cooling water chamber must be considered when designing the distribution area of the gas chamber, otherwise, the design is not effective when the distribution area of the water chamber is found to be unable to guide and distribute the cooling water uniformly after the design of the bipolar plate is completed.
The structural form of the distribution area generally comprises a discontinuous boss and pit-shaped structure, a continuous and uninterrupted flow passage structure and a combination form of the two structures;
for the distribution area of the discontinuous island-shaped structure, the arrangement form of the boss and the pit-shaped structure is directly related to the distribution of fluid in the distribution area, and specific parameters of the boss, the pit-shaped structure and the distribution form of the boss and the pit-shaped structure can be determined only after multiple times of simulation calculation optimization, so that the process period is long, and the optimization direction is ambiguous; on the other hand, the support area of the boss to the MEA is insufficient, so that the MEA is easy to deform, the pressure of reaction gas cannot be controlled, and the performance of the cell is seriously influenced;
for the distribution area of the continuous and uninterrupted flow channel structure, the continuous flow channel in the distribution area has a forced guiding function on fluid, and the contact area of the flow field structure of the distribution area and the MEA is larger than that of the distribution area of the boss and pit-shaped structures and the MEA, so that the distribution area of the continuous and uninterrupted flow channel structure is superior to that of the discontinuous island-shaped structure; on the other hand, from the viewpoint of fluid distribution, in order to achieve uniform distribution of fluid in the bipolar plate, it may be necessary to partially interrupt the flow channels in the distribution region of the continuous and uninterrupted flow channel structure to form a comprehensive distribution region structure combining the continuous and uninterrupted flow channels and the interrupted boss and pit-like structures. If the distribution area contains a continuous and uninterrupted flow channel structure, because the cycle number of the distribution area is different from that of the active area, a cross-division structure that one flow channel cycle of the distribution area is branched into a plurality of flow channel cycles is inevitably caused, in the water flow field on the back surface of the branched structure area, the branched water flow field cannot be communicated with other water flow fields of the distribution area, and the cooling water cannot flow in the disconnected part of flow channels.
For example, a metal bipolar plate for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (publication No. CN101572318B, publication No. 20101208): the pit on the back of each boss on the cathode plate distribution area and the pit on the back of each boss on the anode plate distribution area are arranged in a staggered mode, the parts, opposite to the pits, of the pits form a continuous water cavity distribution area, and then the pits are connected with parallel water flow channels on the cathode plate and the anode plate to form a complete water flow field, and the supporting area of the punctiform bosses on the MEA is insufficient, so that the condition that the pressure of reaction gas cannot be controlled is caused, and the performance of the cell is seriously influenced; this form of distribution therefore has its own limitations;
a proton exchange membrane fuel cell metal bipolar plate distributor (publication number CN102034986B, publication number 20121228): in the distribution area of the cathode plate and the anode plate, flow guide islands formed by bosses and pits are regularly arranged to realize the distribution of fluid from the manifold to the active area, and because the construction of the water flow field needs to design a specific gas distribution area and a specific type of a gas flow field, the condition of uneven fluid distribution is easy to occur;
the patent discloses a novel fuel cell stack cooling water flow channel plate and a battery pack thereof (publication number is CN107123820A, publication number is 20170901): the cooling cavity is provided with a plurality of inlets and outlets, and a plurality of runners are connected in parallel to form a water flow field after entering the polar plate; the following problems may exist: 1. the uniform distribution of water flow of each manifold of the water cavity is not easy to ensure, so that the design difficulty of the manifold of the water cavity in the air port end plate is greatly increased; 2, forming a water flow field which is uniformly distributed and connected in parallel in the polar plate, wherein the flow field design form of the reaction gas is greatly limited according to the trend of cooling water in the patent;
because the water flow field is formed by a closed space formed by correspondingly overlapping the back surfaces of the air flow field and the hydrogen flow field, and because of the particularity of the cooling water flow field, two key points of the structure of the bipolar plate cooling water flow field must be considered in advance in the design process of the bipolar plate: 1. a communication structure for cooling water from the manifold to the distribution region; 2. and the cooling water is in a communication structure of the distribution area.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
According to the technical problem that the cooling water cannot realize integral communication in the bipolar plate with the discontinuous water flow channels, the bipolar plate for the fuel cell is provided. The utility model discloses a to bipolar plate's distribution district structural design, make bipolar plate's cooling water can circulate smoothly to evenly distributed to the rivers field, thereby take away the heat that the inside electrochemical reaction of battery produced.
The utility model discloses a technical means as follows:
a fuel cell bipolar plate includes a cathode plate and an anode plate; the cathode plate and the anode plate respectively comprise a gas flow field on the front side and a unipolar cooling water flow field on the back side; the unipolar cooling water flow field comprises a cooling water active region flow field and a cooling water distribution region flow field; the back surfaces of the two polar plates are opposite to form the bipolar plate, a bipolar plate cooling water flow field is formed between the two polar plates, and a flow channel in a cooling water active area flow field corresponding to one polar plate extends to the coverage range of a cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the other polar plate and is used for conducting cooling water; or the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate extends to the range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the anode plate, and the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the anode plate extends to the range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate.
Further, the cathode plate and the anode plate both comprise a distribution region and an active region, and a flow field structure is arranged in the distribution region and the active region; the distribution area and the active area are divided according to functions; the distribution region is used for guiding and distributing the fluid flowing in from the fluid inlet to the active region or gathering the fluid flowing through the active region to the fluid outlet; the active region is the region where the electrochemical reaction occurs, but is not necessarily the only region where the electrochemical reaction occurs, which depends on the arrangement range of the catalytic layers on the MEA; the cooling water active region flow field and the cooling water distribution region flow field are respectively positioned in the corresponding regions of the active region and the distribution region.
Furthermore, flow channels are arranged in the distribution region, and each flow channel period corresponds to 1-50 flow channel periods in the active region; the flow channels in the cooling water distribution area flow field are discontinuous with the partial flow channels in the cooling water active area flow field; when the flow channel in the flow field of the cooling water active area corresponding to one of the pole plates extends to the range covered by the flow field of the cooling water distribution area corresponding to the other pole plate, the flow channel in the flow field of the cooling water distribution area corresponding to the other pole plate is communicated to realize the conduction of the cooling water, and the extension length of the extended flow channel is more than or equal to the width of one flow channel period of the flow field of the cooling water distribution area of the other pole plate; when the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate extends to the range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the anode plate, and the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the anode plate extends to the range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate, the extension lengths of the flow channels corresponding to the two electrode plates are different, the flow channel with the longer extension length is communicated with the flow channel in the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the electrode plate with the shorter extension length to realize the conduction of cooling water, and the difference of the extension lengths of the flow channels corresponding to the two electrode plates is greater than or equal to the width of one flow channel period of the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the electrode plate with the shorter extension length.
Further, the difference between the length of the flow channel with longer extension length and the length of the flow channel with shorter extension length is Deltal, and 0mm is less than Deltal and less than 500 mm.
Furthermore, the gas flow field comprises a gas distribution area flow field and a gas active area flow field, the upper surface of the flow channel ridge in the gas distribution area flow field is higher than the upper surface of the flow channel ridge in the gas active area flow field by delta h, and the delta h is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.
Further, the cathode plate also comprises a cathode hydrogen outlet manifold, a cathode cooling water inlet manifold, a cathode air outlet manifold, a cathode cooling water outlet manifold and a cathode hydrogen inlet manifold; the anode plate also comprises an anode air outlet manifold, an anode cooling water outlet manifold, an anode hydrogen inlet manifold, an anode hydrogen outlet manifold, an anode cooling water inlet manifold and an anode air inlet manifold.
Further, the cathode plate and the anode plate are stamped from a stainless steel or titanium alloy sheet metal or made from an electrically conductive material.
Further, the cooling water distribution region flow field is positioned at both ends of the cooling water active region flow field.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:
1. the utility model provides a fuel cell bipolar plate, the crisscross coincide of distribution area of oxyhydrogen polar plate forms 3D rivers field, makes the distribution of cooling water even, avoids local focus to appear in the inboard.
2. The utility model provides a fuel cell bipolar plate, the distribution structure of branching is enough to MEA support area to avoid MEA's damage and the phenomenon that reaction gas pressure can not be controlled to take place.
3. The utility model provides a fuel cell bipolar plate, gaseous distribution area is the distribution of water concurrently, guarantees under the even prerequisite of distribution of gas, saves the total area in distribution area, improves active area utilization to improve the specific power of battery.
4. The utility model provides a fuel cell bipolar plate can save the volume in cooling chamber for battery low temperature starts response rate faster.
To sum up, use the technical scheme of the utility model through bipolar plate's distribution district structural design, make bipolar plate's cooling water can circulate to evenly distributed to rivers field, thereby take away the heat that the inside electrochemical reaction of battery produced. Therefore, the technical scheme of the utility model in having solved the bipolar plate of the water runner that current existence is interrupted, the technical problem of whole intercommunication can not be realized to the cooling water.
Based on the reason, the utility model discloses can extensively promote in fields such as fuel cell bipolar plate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cathode plate of a fuel cell according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an anode plate of a fuel cell according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along a line a-a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a bipolar plate of a fuel cell according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1: a cathode plate; 101: a cathode hydrogen outlet manifold; 102: a cathode cooling water inlet manifold; 103: a cathode air inlet manifold; 104, 106: a cathode gas distribution region flow field; 105: a cathode gas active region flow field; 107: a cathode air outlet manifold; 108: a cathode cooling water outlet manifold; 109: a cathode hydrogen inlet manifold; 110, 111: a cathode cooling water distribution area flow field; 112: a cathode cooling water active region flow field; 2: an anode plate; 201: an anode air outlet manifold; 202: an anode cooling water outlet manifold; 203: an anode hydrogen inlet manifold; 204, 206: an anode gas distribution region flow field; 205: an anode gas active region flow field; 206: a hydrogen outlet distribution area flow field; 207: an anode hydrogen outlet manifold; 208: an anode cooling water inlet manifold; 209: an anode air inlet manifold; 210, 211: an anode cooling water distribution area flow field; 212: an anode cooling water active area flow field; 100: a bipolar plate; 300: the bipolar plate cools the water flow field.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and if not stated otherwise, the terms have no special meaning, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The utility model provides a fuel cell bipolar plate 100, which comprises a cathode plate 1 and an anode plate 2, wherein the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 can be divided into an active region and distribution regions positioned at two ends of the active region, and flow field structures are arranged in the distribution regions and the active region; the distribution region and the active region are fluid structure regions artificially divided according to the function of the fluid structure of each region; the distribution region is used for guiding and distributing the fluid flowing in from the fluid inlet to the active region or gathering the fluid flowing through the active region to the fluid outlet; the active region is the region where electrochemical reaction occurs, but not necessarily the only region where electrochemical reaction occurs, and is determined by the arrangement range of the catalytic layer on the MEA when the bipolar plate is used, and electrochemical reaction can also occur in the distribution region; therefore, it should be clear and understood by those skilled in the art that the distribution region and the active region are not divided according to whether the electrochemical reaction occurs in the region covered by the region.
Further, the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 of the present embodiment each include a gas flow field on the front side and a unipolar cooling water flow field on the back side; on each polar plate, the groove (groove) on one surface is a ridge (bulge) on the other surface;
the gas flow field comprises a gas active region flow field and a gas distribution region flow field; the gas active area flow field and the gas distribution area flow field are respectively positioned in the corresponding areas of the active area and the distribution area; specifically, the gas flow field of the cathode plate 1 includes a cathode gas active region flow field 105 and cathode gas distribution region flow fields 104, 106; the gas flow field of the anode plate 2 comprises an anode gas active region flow field 205 and anode gas distribution region flow fields 204, 206; the unipolar cooling water flow field comprises a cooling water active region flow field and a cooling water distribution region flow field; the cooling water active area flow field and the cooling water distribution area flow field are respectively positioned in the corresponding areas of the active area and the distribution area; specifically, the unipolar cooling water active region flow field of the cathode plate 1 includes a cathode cooling water active region flow field 112 and cathode cooling water distribution region flow fields 110, 111; the cooling water active area flow field of the anode plate 2 comprises an anode cooling water active area flow field 212 and anode cooling water distribution area flow fields 210 and 211;
on the same polar plate, the flow field of the gas active area and the flow field of the gas distribution area on the front surface respectively correspond to the flow field of the cooling water active area and the flow field of the cooling water distribution area on the back surface;
the back surface of the cathode plate 1 and the back surface of the anode plate 2 are opposite to form the bipolar plate 100, the widths of active areas of the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 are both LA, and a bipolar plate cooling water flow field 300 is formed between the active areas;
the cathode plate 1 further comprises a cathode hydrogen outlet manifold 101, a cathode cooling water inlet manifold 102, a cathode air inlet manifold 103, a cathode air outlet manifold 107, a cathode cooling water outlet manifold 108, a cathode hydrogen inlet manifold 109; the anode plate 2 further comprises an anode air outlet manifold 201, an anode cooling water outlet manifold 202, an anode hydrogen inlet manifold 203, an anode hydrogen outlet manifold 207, an anode cooling water inlet manifold 208 and an anode air inlet manifold 209; the manifold described in this embodiment is an opening structure for introducing and discharging various fluids into and out of the battery, and is provided with a bipolar plate, the air inlet and outlet manifold, the hydrogen inlet and outlet manifold, and the cooling water inlet and outlet manifold are arranged at two ends of the polar plate, the relative positions of the manifolds can be flexibly adjusted according to the design of the polar plate, and the inlet and outlet positions of the fluids after the bipolar plate is formed by the two polar plates are mutually corresponding;
the distribution region connects the manifold and the corresponding active region flow field for directing fluid within the inlet manifold into the corresponding active region flow field or for concentrating fluid of the active region flow field to the outlet manifold.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in the present embodiment, the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 are punched from a stainless steel sheet having a thickness of 0.1mm, based on the above technical solutions.
In this embodiment, the flow field structure in the distribution region has a branched flow field structure, and a flow channel is disposed in the flow field of the distribution region, and each flow channel period is branched and corresponds to 1-50 flow channel periods in the active region; the flow field structure in the distribution area has a discontinuity along the direction of fluid flow, and the discontinuity refers to the change of the flow field structure in the height direction; the distribution area flow field is not completely provided with discontinuous lug boss and pit structures; each flow channel period comprises a groove and a ridge;
furthermore, the distribution area flow fields of the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 are not all in an interrupted boss and pit structure, and can be in a combination form of a continuous flow channel, a part of interrupted boss and a continuous flow path; preferably, in this embodiment, the flow fields of the distribution areas corresponding to the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 adopt a continuous and uninterrupted flow channel structure;
further, in the distribution area flow fields of the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2, each flow channel period is branched into 1-50 flow channel periods, and the branching process can be performed for multiple times; preferably, in the present embodiment, each flow channel cycle of the distribution area of the cathode plate 1 is branched into 3 flow channel cycles once; each flow channel period of the distribution area of the anode plate 2 is branched into 4 flow channel periods once;
furthermore, in the flow fields of the cooling water distribution areas corresponding to the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2, the branched water flow fields are discontinuous, the water flow channels are not communicated with each other and cannot be communicated with other flow channels of the distribution area, and a part of the water flow fields cannot be communicated with other water flow fields of the distribution area, namely, the flow channels in the flow fields of the cooling water distribution areas are discontinuous with part of the flow channels in the flow fields of the cooling water active areas; specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the flow channels in the cooling water distribution area flow field are directly connected with the flow channels in a part of the cooling water active area flow field, and the flow channels in the cooling water active area flow field of the same plate are not communicated with each other;
further, the flow channels of the flow field of the cooling water distribution area can be arranged as vertical flow channels, inclined flow channels inclined relative to the axis of the bipolar plate or other continuous uninterrupted flow channel structures;
preferably, when the flow channels in the flow field of the cooling water distribution region are arranged as the oblique flow channels, the oblique flow channels in the flow field of the cooling water distribution region opposite to the two polar plates are arranged in a mutually crossing manner; the inclined angles of the inclined flow channels of the two polar plates are different; the flow channels in the flow fields of the cooling water distribution areas of the two polar plates are overlapped in a staggered mode, so that a 3D water flow field can be formed, cooling water is distributed uniformly, and local hot spots are prevented from appearing in the plates;
because the opening width of the manifold is generally smaller than the width of the flow field of the corresponding active region, for a distribution region structure containing continuous uninterrupted flow channels, each flow channel period of the flow field of the distribution region is branched into 1-50 flow channel periods, and in the flow field of the cooling water distribution region, the branched flow channels cannot be communicated with other flow channels of the distribution region, so that cooling water cannot flow in the flow channels of the branched region;
in order to ensure smooth circulation of cooling water in the bipolar plate, in this embodiment, the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate 1 extends to a range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the anode plate 2, the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the anode plate 2 extends to a range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate 1, the flow channels corresponding to the two electrode plates have different extending lengths, the flow channel with the longer extending length is used for introducing cooling water, and the difference between the extending lengths of the flow channels corresponding to the two electrode plates is greater than or equal to the width of one flow channel period P of the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the electrode plate with the shorter extending length.
The flow channel for leading in the cooling water is communicated with the flow channel in the flow field of the cooling water distribution region corresponding to the polar plate where the flow channel with shorter extension length is positioned through extension, namely the water flow channels which cannot be communicated in the discontinuous water flow field can be connected, and further the integral communication of the cooling water is realized;
the width of one flow channel period P of the flow field of the cooling water distribution area refers to the sum of the widths of one groove and one ridge in the flow field of the cooling water distribution area.
Further, the difference between the length of the flow channel with longer extension length and the length of the flow channel with shorter extension length is Deltal, and 0mm is less than Deltal and less than 500 mm.
Preferably, the extension length of the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the anode plate 2 extending to the coverage area of the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate 1 is longer, and the extension length is La; the extension length of the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate 1 to the coverage range of the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the anode plate 2 is shorter, and the extension length is Lc; the difference Deltal between La and Lc is 15 mm.
Further, the gas flow field of the cathode plate 1 is an air flow field, and the gas flow field of the anode plate 2 is a hydrogen flow field.
Furthermore, the gas flow field comprises a gas distribution area flow field and a gas active area flow field, the upper surface of the flow channel ridge in the gas distribution area flow field is higher than the upper surface of the flow channel ridge in the gas active area flow field by delta h, and the delta h is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 1 mm;
when the bipolar plate 100 is assembled into a fuel cell, the MEA needs to be placed between active regions of two upper and lower bipolar plates, which results in a gap between the distribution regions of the two plates, and the gap can be filled by the above arrangement.
Further, the cooling water distribution region flow field is positioned at both ends of the cooling water active region flow field.
The technical scheme of the embodiment solves the technical problem that the branched cooling water cannot circulate in the flow channel of the branched area of the bipolar plate with the continuous uninterrupted flow channel distribution area structure.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 only in that, in order to ensure smooth circulation of cooling water in the bipolar plate, in the cathode plate and the anode plate which constitute the bipolar plate, the flow channel in the cooling water active region flow field corresponding to one of the plates extends to the range covered by the cooling water distribution region flow field corresponding to the other plate for introducing cooling water.
Further, when the flow channel in the flow field of the cooling water active region corresponding to one of the plates extends to the range covered by the flow field of the cooling water distribution region corresponding to the other plate for introducing cooling water, the extension length of the flow channel is greater than or equal to one flow channel period of the flow field of the cooling water distribution region of the other plate; the flow channel for leading in the cooling water is communicated with the flow channel in the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the other polar plate through extension to realize the conduction of the cooling water.
Further, the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 are stamped from a titanium alloy sheet metal or made from an electrically conductive material such as graphite.
Example 3
In the bipolar plate for a fuel cell provided by this embodiment, the flow fields of the distribution regions corresponding to the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 adopt an intermittent boss and pit-shaped structure, and the flow channels in the flow fields of the cooling water active regions corresponding to the cathode plate 1 or the anode plate 2 extend to the range covered by the flow field of the cooling water distribution region corresponding to the other electrode plate for introducing cooling water; or, the flow channels in the cooling water active area flow fields corresponding to the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 both extend to the range covered by the flow field of the cooling water distribution area corresponding to the other electrode plate, the lengths of the flow channels corresponding to the two electrode plates are different, and the flow channel with the longer extension length is used for introducing cooling water; the flow channel for leading in the cooling water is communicated with the pit structure in the flow field of the cooling water distribution region corresponding to the other polar plate through extension, namely, the water flow channels which cannot be communicated in the discontinuous water flow field can be connected, and further, the integral communication of the cooling water is realized.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fuel cell bipolar plate includes a cathode plate and an anode plate; the cathode plate and the anode plate respectively comprise a gas flow field on the front side and a unipolar cooling water flow field on the back side; the unipolar cooling water flow field comprises a cooling water active region flow field and a cooling water distribution region flow field; the back of two polar plates relatively constitutes bipolar plate, forms bipolar plate cooling water flow field between, its characterized in that:
the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to one of the pole plates extends to the coverage range of the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the other pole plate and is used for conducting cooling water;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the flow channels in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate extend to the range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the anode plate, and the flow channels in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the anode plate extend to the range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate.
2. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the cathode plate and the anode plate respectively comprise a distribution region and an active region, and flow field structures are arranged in the distribution region and the active region;
the distribution area and the active area are divided according to functions; the distribution region is used for guiding and distributing the fluid flowing in from the fluid inlet to the active region or gathering the fluid flowing through the active region to the fluid outlet; the active region is the region where the electrochemical reaction occurs, but is not necessarily the only region where the electrochemical reaction occurs, which depends on the arrangement range of the catalytic layers on the MEA;
the cooling water active region flow field and the cooling water distribution region flow field are respectively positioned in the corresponding regions of the active region and the distribution region.
3. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein: flow channels are arranged in the flow field of the distribution area, and each flow channel period corresponds to 1-50 flow channel periods in the active area; the flow channels in the cooling water distribution area flow field are discontinuous with the partial flow channels in the cooling water active area flow field;
when the flow channel in the flow field of the cooling water active area corresponding to one of the pole plates extends to the range covered by the flow field of the cooling water distribution area corresponding to the other pole plate, the flow channel in the flow field of the cooling water distribution area corresponding to the other pole plate is communicated to realize the conduction of the cooling water, and the extension length of the extended flow channel is more than or equal to the width of one flow channel period of the flow field of the cooling water distribution area of the other pole plate;
when the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate extends to the range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the anode plate, and the flow channel in the cooling water active area flow field corresponding to the anode plate extends to the range covered by the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the cathode plate, the extension lengths of the flow channels corresponding to the two electrode plates are different, the flow channel with the longer extension length is communicated with the flow channel in the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the electrode plate with the shorter extension length to realize the conduction of cooling water, and the difference of the extension lengths of the flow channels corresponding to the two electrode plates is greater than or equal to the width of one flow channel period of the cooling water distribution area flow field corresponding to the electrode plate with the shorter extension length.
4. A fuel cell bipolar plate as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein: the difference between the length of the flow channel with longer extension length and the length of the flow channel with shorter extension length is Deltal, and the value of 0mm is more than Deltal and less than or equal to 500 mm.
5. A fuel cell bipolar plate as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein: the gas flow field comprises a gas distribution area flow field and a gas active area flow field, the upper surface of the flow channel ridge in the gas distribution area flow field is higher than the upper surface of the flow channel ridge in the gas active area flow field by delta h, and the delta h is more than 0mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.
6. A fuel cell bipolar plate as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein: the cathode plate also comprises a cathode hydrogen outlet manifold, a cathode cooling water inlet manifold, a cathode air outlet manifold, a cathode cooling water outlet manifold and a cathode hydrogen inlet manifold; the anode plate also comprises an anode air outlet manifold, an anode cooling water outlet manifold, an anode hydrogen inlet manifold, an anode hydrogen outlet manifold, an anode cooling water inlet manifold and an anode air inlet manifold.
7. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the cathode plate and the anode plate are punched from a stainless steel or titanium alloy sheet metal or made from an electrically conductive material.
8. The fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein: the cooling water distribution area flow field is positioned at two ends of the cooling water active area flow field.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920587684.8U CN209896180U (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Bipolar plate of fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920587684.8U CN209896180U (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Bipolar plate of fuel cell |
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| CN209896180U true CN209896180U (en) | 2020-01-03 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112331879A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-02-05 | 武汉中极氢能产业创新中心有限公司 | Bipolar plate of fuel cell and fuel cell |
| CN113903948A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-07 | 山东国创燃料电池技术创新中心有限公司 | Flow field structure of fuel cell and fuel cell |
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2019
- 2019-04-26 CN CN201920587684.8U patent/CN209896180U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112331879A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-02-05 | 武汉中极氢能产业创新中心有限公司 | Bipolar plate of fuel cell and fuel cell |
| CN112331879B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 武汉中极氢能产业创新中心有限公司 | Bipolar plate of fuel cell and fuel cell |
| CN113903948A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-07 | 山东国创燃料电池技术创新中心有限公司 | Flow field structure of fuel cell and fuel cell |
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