CN112331879B - Bipolar plate of fuel cell and fuel cell - Google Patents
Bipolar plate of fuel cell and fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN112331879B CN112331879B CN202011624769.2A CN202011624769A CN112331879B CN 112331879 B CN112331879 B CN 112331879B CN 202011624769 A CN202011624769 A CN 202011624769A CN 112331879 B CN112331879 B CN 112331879B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The present disclosure provides a bipolar plate for a fuel cell and a fuel cell, the bipolar plate including a first plate and a second plate, a first side of each of the first plate and the second plate having a first gas distribution region, the gas flow field area comprises a plurality of gas distribution grooves, each gas distribution groove comprises a vertical section and a flow dividing section, the vertical sections are vertically communicated with the corresponding first strip-shaped connecting channels, each gas flow field area comprises a plurality of gas flow field grooves, each gas flow field groove is communicated with the corresponding flow dividing section, at least one of the second side surfaces of the first polar plate and the second polar plate is provided with a first cooling liquid distribution area and a cooling liquid flow field area, each first cooling liquid distribution area comprises a plurality of cooling liquid distribution grooves, each cooling liquid flow field area comprises a plurality of cooling liquid flow field grooves, each cooling liquid distribution groove comprises at least two sections of distribution sections, and an included angle is formed between every two adjacent distribution sections. The present disclosure can uniformly disperse gas and coolant into corresponding flow field regions, ensuring the efficiency of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a bipolar plate for a fuel cell and a fuel cell.
Background
Bipolar plates are important structures in fuel cells, where typically a stack of bipolar plates is included, each stack including a cathode plate and an anode plate, with the cathode and anode plates being stacked. A membrane electrode is arranged between two adjacent groups of bipolar plates, hydrogen gas is subjected to oxidation reaction on the anode plate to generate hydrogen ions and electrons, the hydrogen ions pass through the membrane electrode to migrate to the cathode plate, and oxygen gas is subjected to reduction reaction on the cathode plate to generate water with the hydrogen ions. This process electrons migrate across the membrane electrode to form a current.
In the related art, gas flow field grooves for guiding hydrogen and air (or oxygen) are formed on one side surface of each of the anode plate and the cathode plate. And the other side surfaces of the anode plate and the cathode plate are also provided with a cooling liquid flow field groove for cooling liquid to pass through, and the cooling liquid can take away heat generated during power generation of the fuel cell after flowing through the cooling liquid flow field groove.
However, before the gas enters the gas flow field grooves or before the cooling liquid enters the cooling liquid flow field grooves, the gas or the cooling liquid passes through the corresponding distribution regions to be distributed into the gas flow field grooves or the cooling liquid to be distributed into the cooling liquid flow field grooves. The distribution region of the related art does not distribute gas to each gas flow field channel or coolant to each coolant flow field channel sufficiently uniformly, thereby reducing the efficiency of the fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a bipolar plate of a fuel cell and the fuel cell, which can uniformly disperse gas and cooling liquid into corresponding flow field areas and ensure the efficiency of the fuel cell. The technical scheme is as follows:
the bipolar plate comprises a first polar plate and a second polar plate which are mutually overlapped, wherein one of the first polar plate and the second polar plate is an anode plate, the other one of the first polar plate and the second polar plate is a cathode plate, the first polar plate and the second polar plate respectively comprise a first side surface and a second side surface which are opposite, and a first gas inlet, a second gas inlet, a cooling liquid inlet, a first gas outlet, a second gas outlet and a cooling liquid outlet are respectively arranged on the first polar plate and the second polar plate; the first side of first polar plate with the first side of second polar plate all has first gas distribution district, gas flow field area and link up first polar plate with the first strip shaped connection channel of second polar plate, gas flow field area with first strip shaped connection channel is located respectively the both sides of first gas distribution district, first gas distribution district includes many gas distribution grooves, gas distribution groove is including the vertical section and the reposition of redundant personnel section that link to each other, the vertical section perpendicular to the extending direction of first strip shaped connection channel and with first strip shaped connection channel intercommunication, gas flow field area includes many gas flow field grooves, the one end of gas flow field groove with reposition of redundant personnel section intercommunication, be located on first polar plate with on the second polar plate the other end of first strip shaped connection channel respectively with first gas entry with second gas entry intercommunication, the other ends of the gas flow field grooves on the first polar plate and the second polar plate are respectively communicated with the first gas outlet and the second gas outlet; at least one in the second side of first polar plate with the second side of second polar plate has first coolant liquid distribution area and coolant flow field area, first coolant liquid distribution area includes many coolant liquid distribution grooves, coolant flow field area includes many coolant liquid flow field grooves, the one end of coolant liquid distribution groove with the coolant liquid entry intercommunication, the other end of coolant liquid distribution groove with the one end intercommunication in coolant liquid flow field groove, the other end in coolant liquid flow field groove with coolant liquid outlet intercommunication, coolant liquid distribution groove includes the distribution section that at least two sections link to each other in proper order, adjacent two all have the contained angle between the distribution section.
In one implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the vertical sections of the plurality of gas distribution grooves have the same length and are located on the same side of the first strip-shaped connecting channel.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, in the same gas distribution groove, the vertical section and the flow dividing section are distributed at an obtuse angle, and the flow dividing section and the gas flow field groove connected to the flow dividing section are distributed at an obtuse angle.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the coolant distribution groove includes three distribution sections connected in sequence, the distribution sections of the first section and the third section are respectively located at two sides of the distribution section of the second section, the distribution section of the first section is communicated with the coolant inlet, the distribution section of the third section is communicated with the coolant flow field groove, the distribution sections of the first section and the second section are distributed in an obtuse angle, the distribution sections of the second section and the third section are distributed in an acute angle, the distribution section of the third section is connected with the coolant flow field groove, and the distribution section of the third section and the coolant flow field groove are distributed in an obtuse angle.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the width of the distribution section of the first section is the same as that of the distribution section of the second section, the width of the distribution section of the third section is greater than that of the distribution section of the second section, and a strip-shaped separation protrusion is disposed in the distribution section of the third section.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second side surface of one of the first pole plate and the second pole plate further has a first bridge passage area, a second bridge passage area, and a strip-shaped connection groove, where the first bridge passage area includes a plurality of first bridge grooves, one end of each of the first bridge grooves is communicated with the first gas inlet, and the other end of each of the first bridge grooves is communicated with the first strip-shaped connection groove; the second gap bridge channel area comprises a plurality of second gap bridge grooves, one ends of the second gap bridge grooves are communicated with the second gas inlet, the other ends of the second gap bridge grooves are communicated with the strip-shaped connecting grooves, and the strip-shaped connecting grooves are opposite to the first strip-shaped connecting channels of the first polar plate and the other second polar plate.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first bridging groove and the second bridging groove each include a first connecting section and a second connecting section that are connected, the first connecting section of the first bridging groove is communicated with the first gas inlet, the second connecting section of the first bridging groove is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first strip-shaped connecting channel and is communicated with the first strip-shaped connecting channel, the first connecting section of the second bridging groove is communicated with the second gas inlet, and the second connecting section of the second bridging groove is perpendicular to the extending direction of the strip-shaped connecting groove and is communicated with the strip-shaped connecting groove.
In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the flow dividing section is communicated with at least 2 gas flow field grooves, and the distribution section is communicated with at least 2 cooling liquid flow field grooves.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the first side surface of the first electrode plate and the first side surface of the second electrode plate further has a second gas distribution area and a second strip-shaped connection channel penetrating through the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, and the second strip-shaped connection channel and the gas flow field area are respectively located on two sides of the second gas distribution area; the second gas distribution area has the same structure as the first gas distribution area, and the second gas distribution area is respectively communicated with the gas flow field areas and the second strip-shaped connecting channels which are positioned at two sides of the second gas distribution area.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a fuel cell including the bipolar plate described above.
The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure at least comprise:
the bipolar plate of the fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the disclosure comprises a first polar plate and a second polar plate which are overlapped with each other, and a gas flow field area and a first strip-shaped connecting channel are respectively positioned at two sides of a first gas distribution area on the first side surfaces of the first polar plate and the second polar plate. The first gas distribution area comprises a plurality of gas distribution grooves, each gas distribution groove comprises a vertical section and a flow dividing section which are connected, and the vertical sections are communicated with the first strip-shaped connecting channels so as to communicate the first gas distribution area with the first strip-shaped connecting channels; the gas flow field zone includes a plurality of gas flow field slots, and the gas flow field slots communicate with the flow splitting section to communicate the first gas distribution zone with the gas flow field zone. And the vertical section is connected with the first strip-shaped connecting channel in the first gas distribution area, and the vertical section is vertical to the extending direction of the first strip-shaped connecting channel, and the groove wall of the vertical section is not inclined with the first strip-shaped connecting channel, so that the flowing direction of the gas is not changed, the generation of turbulence and vortex can be effectively reduced in the boundary area of the first strip-shaped connecting channel and the first gas distribution area, so that the gas can be uniformly dispersed to all positions of the distribution area, the gas can be uniformly dispersed to all gas flow field grooves of the gas flow field area, and the efficiency of the fuel cell is ensured.
Meanwhile, a first cooling liquid distribution area and a cooling liquid flow field area are further arranged on the second side face of at least one of the first pole plate and the second pole plate, a cooling liquid distribution groove of the first cooling liquid distribution area is communicated with a cooling liquid flow field groove of the cooling liquid flow field area, the cooling liquid distribution groove comprises at least two sections of distribution sections which are sequentially connected, an included angle is formed between every two adjacent distribution sections, namely after the cooling liquid passes through the cooling liquid distribution groove of the first cooling liquid distribution area, the flow direction of the cooling liquid can be changed for at least two times, and then the cooling liquid is uniformly dispersed into each cooling liquid flow field groove of the cooling liquid flow field area, and the efficiency of the fuel cell is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an anode plate of a bipolar plate provided in the related art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first side of a first plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first side of a second plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second side surface of a first plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The various symbols in the figure are illustrated as follows:
11-a first polar plate, 12-a second polar plate, 13-a first side surface, 14-a second side surface;
2-first gas distribution area, 21-gas distribution groove, 211-vertical section, 212-split section;
3-gas flow field zone, 31-gas flow field groove;
41-a first strip connecting channel, 42-a second strip connecting channel;
5-first cooling liquid distribution area, 51-cooling liquid distribution groove, 510-distribution section, 511-strip-shaped separation protrusion;
6-a cooling liquid flow field region, 61-a cooling liquid flow field groove;
71-a first bridge passage section, 710-a first bridge groove, 72-a second bridge passage section, 720-a second bridge groove, 73-a strip-shaped connecting groove;
81-a first connection section, 82-a second connection section;
9-a second gas distribution area;
a-connecting channel, B-distribution area, C-first gas inlet, D-second gas inlet, E-cooling liquid inlet, F-first gas outlet, G-second gas outlet and H-cooling liquid outlet.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," "third," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present disclosure are not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprise" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before "comprises" or "comprising" covers the element or item listed after "comprising" or "comprises" and its equivalents, and does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, which may also change accordingly when the absolute position of the object being described changes.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an anode plate of a bipolar plate provided in the related art. As shown in fig. 1, the anode plate is provided with a connecting channel a for communicating with a bridge channel which in turn communicates with an inlet port in the bipolar plate, so that gas can enter the bridge channel through the inlet port, a distribution region B, and a gas flow field region 3. The gas flow field region 3 is provided with a plurality of gas flow field grooves 31, the gas flow field grooves 31 are used for guiding hydrogen and air (or oxygen), one end of the gas flow field grooves 31 is communicated to the connecting channel a through the distribution region B, and gas provided by the connecting channel a flows to each gas flow field groove 31 through the distribution region B.
As shown in fig. 1, the distribution region B also includes a plurality of gas distribution grooves 21, and the gas distribution grooves 21 communicate with the gas flow field grooves 31 to guide the gas to the gas flow field grooves 31 through the gas distribution grooves 21. Since the length of the connecting channel a is much smaller than the sum of the widths of the gas flow field grooves 31, in order to ensure that the distribution region B can distribute the gas to the gas flow field grooves 31 uniformly, the gas distribution grooves 21 are required to be radially connected to one side of the connecting channel a, that is, the gas distribution grooves 21 are mostly inclined to the extending direction of the connecting channel a. However, this creates turbulence and turbulence at the interface between the connecting channel a and the distribution area B to affect the uniform distribution of the gas throughout the distribution area B, which affects the efficiency of the fuel cell.
In addition, the distribution area for the coolant in the related art is the same as the distribution area for the gas illustrated in fig. 1, and when the distribution area of this structure distributes the coolant, since the coolant distribution grooves of the distribution area are straight grooves, the coolant is not uniformly diffused, the coolant is uniformly dispersed throughout the distribution area, the heat dissipation performance of the fuel cell is affected, and the efficiency of the fuel cell is reduced.
To this end, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a bipolar plate for a fuel cell. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first side surface of a first polar plate according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first side surface of a second polar plate according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the bipolar plate includes a first plate 11 and a second plate 12 overlapping each other, one of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 is an anode plate, the other is a cathode plate, the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 each include a first side 13 and a second side 14 opposite to each other, and the second side 14 of the second plate 12 overlaps the second side 14 of the first plate 11. The first polar plate 11 and the second polar plate 12 are respectively provided with a first gas inlet C, a second gas inlet D, a cooling liquid inlet E, a first gas outlet F, a second gas outlet G and a cooling liquid outlet H.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first side 13 of the first plate 11 and the first side 13 of the second plate 12 each have a first gas distribution region 2, a gas flow field region 3, and a first strip-shaped connection channel 41 penetrating the first plate 11 and the second plate 12, the gas flow field region 3 and the first strip-shaped connection channel 41 being located at both sides of the first gas distribution region 2, respectively.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a second polar plate according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at X in fig. 3, and as shown in fig. 4, the first gas distribution area 2 includes a plurality of gas distribution grooves 21, the gas distribution grooves 21 include a vertical section 211 and a branch section 212 connected to each other, and the vertical section 211 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 and communicates with the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41. The gas flow field region 3 includes a plurality of gas flow field grooves 31, and one end of the gas flow field grooves 31 communicates with the flow dividing section 212.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the other ends of the first strip-shaped connecting channels 41 on the first polar plate 11 and the second polar plate 12 are respectively communicated with the first gas inlet C and the second gas inlet D, and the other ends of the gas flow field grooves 31 on the first polar plate 11 and the second polar plate 12 are respectively communicated with the first gas outlet F and the second gas outlet G.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second side surface of a first plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 5, at least one of the second side 14 of the first plate 11 and the second side 14 of the second plate 12 has a first coolant distribution area 5 and a coolant flow field area 6, the first coolant distribution area 5 includes a plurality of coolant distribution grooves 51, the coolant flow field area 6 includes a plurality of coolant flow field grooves 61, one end of each coolant distribution groove 51 is communicated with a coolant inlet E, the other end of each coolant distribution groove 51 is communicated with one end of each coolant flow field groove 61, the other end of each coolant flow field groove 61 is communicated with a coolant outlet H, each coolant distribution groove 51 includes at least two sequentially connected distribution sections 510, and an included angle is formed between each two adjacent distribution sections 510.
The gas flow field plate of the fuel cell according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first electrode plate 11 and a second electrode plate 12 overlapping each other, and on a first side 13 of the first electrode plate 11 and the second electrode plate 12, a gas flow field region 3 and a first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 are respectively located at both sides of a first gas distribution region 2. Wherein the first gas distribution area 2 comprises a plurality of gas distribution grooves 21, each gas distribution groove 21 comprises a vertical section 211 and a branch section 212 which are connected, the vertical section 211 is communicated with the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 to communicate the first gas distribution area 2 with the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41; the gas flow field region 3 includes a plurality of gas flow field slots 31, and the gas flow field slots 31 communicate with the flow splitting section 212 to communicate the first gas distribution region 2 with the gas flow field region 3.
And, what connects with the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 in the first gas distribution area 2 is the vertical section 211, and the vertical section 211 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, compare with gas distribution groove 21 and connecting channel that the related art is disposed obliquely, after the gas enters the vertical section 211 through the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, because the groove wall of the vertical section 211 does not incline with the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, so the flowing direction of the gas will not be changed, so it can be in the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 and the interface area of the first gas distribution area 2, effectively reduce the generation of turbulent flow and eddy, so that the gas can be dispersed to all positions of the distribution area evenly, and then the gas can be dispersed to each gas flow field slot 31 of the gas flow field area 3 evenly, guarantee the efficiency of the fuel cell.
Meanwhile, a first coolant distribution area 5 and a coolant flow field area 6 are further arranged on the second side surface 14 of at least one of the first pole plate 11 and the second pole plate 12, the coolant distribution groove 51 of the first coolant distribution area 5 is communicated with the coolant flow field groove 61 of the coolant flow field area 6, the coolant distribution groove 51 comprises at least two distribution sections 510 which are sequentially connected, and an included angle is formed between every two adjacent distribution sections 510, that is, after the coolant passes through the coolant distribution groove 51 of the first coolant distribution area 5, the coolant can change the flow direction at least twice, so that the coolant is uniformly dispersed into each coolant flow field groove 61 of the coolant flow field area 6, and the efficiency of the fuel cell is ensured.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode plate 11 and the second electrode plate 12 are different in the arrangement position of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, and since the first gas inlet for introducing gas into the first electrode plate 11 and the second gas inlet for introducing gas into the second electrode plate 12 are respectively located at different positions on the electrode plates, the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 is generally arranged near the corresponding gas inlet, so that the arrangement positions of the first strip-shaped connecting channels 41 of the first electrode plate 11 and the second electrode plate 12 on the electrode plates are different.
In the disclosed embodiment, the first gas inlet C is one of an oxygen inlet and a hydrogen inlet, and the second gas inlet D is the other of the oxygen inlet and the hydrogen inlet; the second gas outlet G is one of an oxygen outlet and a hydrogen outlet, and the second gas outlet G is the other of the oxygen outlet and the hydrogen outlet.
As shown in fig. 4, the vertical sections 211 of the plurality of gas distribution grooves 21 have the same length and are located on the same side of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41.
By setting the lengths of the vertical segments 211 in the gas distribution grooves 21 to be the same, the gas flowing from the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 into the distribution area flows into the flow dividing segments 212 after passing through the vertical segments 211 with the same length, i.e. the gas can simultaneously enter the flow dividing segments 212 after passing through the vertical segments 211, so as to be continuously and uniformly divided into the gas flow field grooves 31 through the flow dividing segments 212.
Meanwhile, the vertical sections 211 are all located on the same side of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, and the vertical sections 211 of the plurality of gas distribution grooves 21 are arranged at intervals on one side of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 from one end to the other end of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, that is, the vertical sections 211 are also full of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, so that the gas flowing to the distribution area from each position of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 can be uniformly distributed into each vertical section 211, that is, the gas flowing out from each area on the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 is ensured, turbulence and vortex are not easily generated in the boundary area of the distribution area and the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, so that the gas can be uniformly dispersed to each position of the distribution area.
Illustratively, the length of the vertical section 211 is not less than 1.5 mm. In order to avoid that the length of the vertical section 211 is too small to function to reduce turbulence and turbulence generated at the interface area between the distribution area and the first strip-like connection channel 41. For example, the vertical section 211 of each gas distribution groove 21 has a length of 1.5 mm.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, in the same gas distribution groove 21, the vertical section 211 and the diverging section 212 are arranged at an obtuse angle, and the diverging section 212 and the connected gas flow field groove 31 are arranged at an obtuse angle. That is to say there is the contained angle between the extending direction of vertical section 211 and the extending direction of reposition of redundant personnel section 212, and the contained angle between vertical section 211 and the reposition of redundant personnel section 212 is greater than 90 degrees, gaseous meeting after vertical section 211 like this collides each other with the cell wall of reposition of redundant personnel section 212, and change gaseous flow direction, even make the gas can disperse to reposition of redundant personnel section 212 everywhere position uniformly, when gaseous outflow reposition of redundant personnel section 212 like this, can distribute to the gas flow field groove 31 with reposition of redundant personnel section 212 intercommunication more uniformly, so that gaseous distribution is even in gas flow field area 3, improve fuel cell's efficiency.
Meanwhile, the included angle between the vertical section 211 and the shunting section 212 is larger than 90 degrees, so that the phenomenon that the included angle between the vertical section 211 and the shunting section 212 is too small to cause gas to pass through the included angle is avoided, the gas flow direction is changed at an overlarge angle to lose the flowing power of the gas, and the gas can be stably and reliably conveyed to the gas flow field region 3.
Wherein, there is also the contained angle between the extending direction of reposition of redundant personnel section 212 and the extending direction of gas flow field groove 31, and the contained angle between reposition of redundant personnel section 212 and the gas flow field groove 31 is also greater than 90 degrees, and similar to the aforesaid, also can make gas distribute to each gas flow field groove 31 more evenly through the mode that changes the gas flow direction, and avoid the too big and flow power of loss gas of angle that the gas flow direction changes for gas can be transported to gas flow field region 3 reliably and stably.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, each of the first side 13 of the first plate 11 and the first side 13 of the second plate 12 further has a second gas distribution area 9 and a second strip-shaped connecting channel 42 penetrating the first plate 11 and the second plate 12, and the second strip-shaped connecting channel 42 and the gas flow field area 3 are respectively located at both sides of the second gas distribution area 9. The second gas distribution area 9 has the same structure as the first gas distribution area 2, and the second gas distribution area 9 communicates with the gas flow field regions 3 and the second strip-shaped connecting channels 42 on both sides of the second gas distribution area 9, respectively.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the second gas distribution area 9 includes a plurality of gas distribution grooves 21, the gas distribution grooves 21 include a vertical section 211 and a branch section 212 connected to each other, the vertical section 211 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second strip-shaped connecting channel 42 and is communicated with the second strip-shaped connecting channel 42, and the branch section 212 of the second gas distribution area 9 is also communicated with the gas flow field grooves 31. That is, first gas distribution region 2 and second gas distribution region 9 are located on either side of gas flow field region 3.
Taking the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 as an example of a channel for gas to enter the gas flow field region 3, the gas enters the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 through the bridge channel, enters the first gas distribution region 2, passes through the vertical section 211 and the flow dividing section 212 of the first gas distribution region 2, and enters the gas flow field groove 31 of the gas flow field region 3; after passing through the gas flow field region 3, the gas enters the second gas distribution region 9, sequentially passes through the flow dividing section 212 and the vertical section 211 of the second gas distribution region 9, enters the second strip-shaped connecting channel 42, and is discharged through the bridge channel communicated with the second strip-shaped connecting channel 42.
Through setting up the structure of second gas distribution area 9 and first gas distribution area 2 the same for second gas distribution area 9 also possesses the same effect of first gas distribution area 2, makes gas evenly distribute to gas flow field district 3, and the direction of letting in of gas is reversible promptly also, facilitates the use.
Optionally, the flow splitting section 212 is in communication with at least 2 gas flow field slots 31. As shown in fig. 2 and 4, each of the flow-splitting sections 212 is in communication with four gas flow field slots 31, i.e. from one flow-splitting section 212 for distributing gas to four gas flow field slots 31 simultaneously. This results in the width of the flow splitter section 212 being much greater than the width of a single gas flow field channel 31. Thus, the flow resistance of the first gas distribution region 2 is also made much smaller than the flow resistance of the gas flow field region 3, and reducing the flow resistance also facilitates the flow of gas within the distribution region.
In order to ensure the power density of the fuel cell, an air compressor and a hydrogen circulating pump which are small in size and large in flow rate are generally selected to pump gas into the gas flow field plate, so that the selected air compressor and the selected hydrogen circulating pump have great limitation. The embodiment of the present disclosure sets the width of the flow dividing section 212 to be much larger than the width of the gas flow field groove 31, so that the flow resistance of the flow dividing section 212 is as small as possible, and thus more air compressors and hydrogen circulation pumps can be selected.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, the cooling liquid distribution groove 51 includes three sequentially connected distribution sections 510, a first section distribution section 510 and a third section distribution section 510 are respectively located at two sides of the second section distribution section 510, the first section distribution section 510 is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet E, and the third section distribution section 510 is communicated with the cooling liquid flow field groove 61. The first and second distribution segments 510 and 510 are arranged at an obtuse angle, the second and third distribution segments 510 and 510 are arranged at an acute angle, the third distribution segment 510 is connected to the coolant flow field channel 61, and the third distribution segment 510 is arranged at an obtuse angle with the coolant flow field channel 61.
The included angle between the first distribution segment 510 and the second distribution segment 510 is greater than 90 degrees, so that the coolant after passing through the first distribution segment 510 collides with the wall of the second distribution segment 510, and the flow direction of the coolant is changed, i.e. the coolant can be uniformly distributed to all positions of the second distribution segment 510, so that the coolant is uniformly distributed in the coolant distribution groove 51.
The included angle between the second distribution section 510 and the third distribution section 510 is smaller than 90 degrees, so that after the second distribution section 510 of the cooling liquid is distributed, compared with the distribution section which is distributed in an obtuse angle, the included angle between the two distribution sections which are distributed in an acute angle is smaller, and after the cooling liquid collides with the groove wall of the third distribution section 510, the angle of change of the flowing direction is larger, so that the cooling liquid is distributed more uniformly in the cooling liquid distribution groove 51.
The included angle between the third-stage distribution section 510 and the coolant flow field groove 61 is greater than 90 degrees, so that the coolant can collide with the groove wall of the coolant flow field groove 61 after passing through the third-stage distribution section 510, and the flow direction of the coolant is changed, that is, the coolant can be uniformly dispersed to each position of the coolant flow field groove 61, so that the coolant is uniformly distributed in the coolant flow field groove 61, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, the width of the first segment distributing section 510 is the same as that of the second segment distributing section 510, the width of the third segment distributing section 510 is greater than that of the second segment distributing section 510, and the third segment distributing section 510 is provided with a strip-shaped separating protrusion 511 therein.
The width of the third segment distribution section 510 is larger, so that the flow resistance of the cooling liquid distribution groove 51 is reduced, and in order to ensure uniform flow resistance at all positions of the cooling liquid distribution groove 51, the strip-shaped separation protrusions 511 are arranged in the third segment distribution section 510, so that the strip-shaped separation protrusions 511 can divide the third segment distribution section 510 into two parts which have the same width as the first segment distribution section 510 and the second segment distribution section 510, so as to ensure that the widths at all positions of the cooling liquid distribution groove 51 are equivalent and the flow resistance is consistent, and thus, the uniform and reasonable distribution of the cooling liquid is facilitated.
Optionally, the distribution section 510 is in communication with at least 2 cooling fluid flow field slots 61. As shown in fig. 5, each distribution section 510 communicates with 2 cooling fluid flow field channels 61, i.e., one distribution section 510 is used to simultaneously distribute the cooling fluid to two cooling fluid flow field channels 61. This results in the distribution section 510 having a width that is much greater than the width of a single coolant flow field channel 61. Thus, the flow resistance of the coolant distribution region is also made much smaller than the flow resistance of the coolant flow field region 6, and reducing the flow resistance also facilitates the flow of the coolant within the coolant distribution region.
In order to ensure the power density of the fuel cell, a cooling liquid circulating pump with small volume and large flow rate is generally selected to pump the cooling liquid, so that the selected cooling liquid circulating pump has great limitation. The disclosed embodiment makes the flow resistance of the distribution section 510 as small as possible by setting the width of the distribution section 510 to be much larger than the width of the coolant flow field grooves 61, so that a wider variety of coolant circulation pumps can be selected.
As shown in fig. 5, the first plate 11 is further provided with a first bridging channel region 71, a second bridging channel region 72 and a strip-shaped connecting groove 73. The first bridging channel region 71 includes a plurality of first bridging grooves 710, one end of each first bridging groove 710 is communicated with the first gas inlet C, and the other end of each first bridging groove 710 is communicated with the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41.
Wherein the first and second electrode plates 11 and 12 are graphite plates, the thickness of which is thicker than that of a metal plate, so that the gas flow field regions 3 and the first bridging channel regions 71 are formed at opposite sides of the first and second electrode plates 11 and 12, respectively, and the other ends of the first bridging grooves 710 are communicated with the first strip-shaped connecting channels 41, i.e., the first bridging channel regions 71 and the first gas distribution regions 2 are located at both sides of the electrode plates, respectively.
As shown in fig. 5, after the gas enters the first bridging channel region 71 from the first gas inlet C, the gas enters the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 through the first bridging groove 710, and the gas can flow from the second side 14 to the first side 13 of the first plate 11 because the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 penetrates the first plate 11, and can be uniformly distributed to the gas flow field region 3 through the first gas distribution region 2 communicated with the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, the first bridging groove 710 includes a first connecting section 81 and a second connecting section 82 connected to each other, the first connecting section 81 is communicated with the first gas inlet C, and the second connecting section 82 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 and is communicated with the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41.
After entering the gap bridge channel through the first gas inlet C, the gas sequentially passes through the first connecting section 81 and the second connecting section 82. Because the second connecting section 82 is communicated with the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, and the second connecting section 82 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, when gas enters the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 through the second connecting section 82, the flow direction of the gas cannot be changed because the groove wall of the second connecting section 82 is not inclined to the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, so that the generation of turbulence and vortex can be effectively reduced in the boundary area of the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 and the first bridge channel area 71, so that the gas can be uniformly dispersed to each part of the first gas distribution area 2, and further the gas can be uniformly dispersed into each gas flow field groove 31 of the gas flow field area 3, and the efficiency of the fuel cell can be ensured.
As shown in fig. 5, the second bridge passage section 72 includes a plurality of second bridge grooves 720, one end of the second bridge grooves 720 communicates with the second gas inlet D, the other end of the second bridge grooves 720 communicates with a bar-shaped connection groove 73, and the bar-shaped connection groove 73 is opposite to the first bar-shaped connection passage 41 of the other one of the first and second pole plates 11 and 12.
The strip connecting grooves 73 are used for being butted with the first strip connecting channels 41, that is, the first polar plate 11 and the second polar plate 12 are overlapped to form a bipolar plate, and the strip connecting grooves 73 on the first polar plate 11 are butted with the first strip connecting channels 41 on the second polar plate 12. Referring to fig. 3, the bar-shaped connection groove 73 communicates with the first bar-shaped connection passage 41. So that the gas flowing from the second gas inlet D passes through the second bridge passage section 72, the strip connecting grooves 73 and the first strip connecting passages 41 in sequence into the first gas distribution section 2.
As shown in fig. 5, the second bridging groove 720 includes a first connecting section 81 and a second connecting section 82 connected to each other, the first connecting section 81 is communicated with the second gas inlet D, and the second connecting section 82 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the bar-shaped connecting groove 73 and is communicated with the bar-shaped connecting groove 73.
After entering the second bridge passage through the second gas inlet D, the gas sequentially passes through the first connecting section 81 and the second connecting section 82. Since the second connecting section 82 is connected to the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, the second connecting section 82 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the strip-shaped connecting channel 73, and the strip-shaped connecting channel 73 is butted with the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, when the gas enters the strip-shaped connecting channel 73 and the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 through the second connecting section 82, the groove wall of the second connecting section 82 is not inclined to the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41, so that the flowing direction of the gas is not changed, and therefore, the generation of turbulence and vortex can be effectively reduced in the boundary area between the first strip-shaped connecting channel 41 and the second bridging channel area 72, so that the gas can be uniformly dispersed to all parts of the first gas distribution area 2, and further, the gas can be uniformly dispersed to each gas flow field groove 31 of the gas flow field area 3, and the efficiency of the fuel cell can be ensured.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a fuel cell including any one of the bipolar plates shown in fig. 2 to 5.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A bipolar plate of a fuel cell, characterized in that the bipolar plate comprises a first polar plate (11) and a second polar plate (12) which are overlapped with each other, one of the first polar plate (11) and the second polar plate (12) is an anode plate, the other is a cathode plate, the first polar plate (11) and the second polar plate (12) both comprise a first side surface (13) and a second side surface (14) which are opposite, the first polar plate (11) and the second polar plate (12) are both provided with a first gas inlet (C), a second gas inlet (D), a cooling liquid inlet (E), a first gas outlet (F), a second gas outlet (G) and a cooling liquid outlet (H);
the first side (13) of the first plate (11) and the first side (13) of the second plate (12) all have a first gas distribution area (2), a gas flow field area (3) and a first strip-shaped connection channel (41) running through the first plate (11) and the second plate (12), the gas flow field area (3) and the first strip-shaped connection channel (41) are respectively located at both sides of the first gas distribution area (2), the first gas distribution area (2) comprises a plurality of gas distribution grooves (21), the gas distribution grooves (21) comprise a vertical section (211) and a shunt section (212) which are connected, the vertical section (211) is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first strip-shaped connection channel (41) and is communicated with the first strip-shaped connection channel (41), the gas flow field area (3) comprises a plurality of gas flow field grooves (31), one end of the gas flow field groove (31) is communicated with the flow dividing section (212), the other ends of the first strip-shaped connecting channels (41) on the first polar plate (11) and the second polar plate (12) are respectively communicated with the first gas inlet (C) and the second gas inlet (D), and the other ends of the gas flow field grooves (31) on the first polar plate (11) and the second polar plate (12) are respectively communicated with the first gas outlet (F) and the second gas outlet (G);
at least one of the second side surface (14) of the first electrode plate (11) and the second side surface (14) of the second electrode plate (12) has a first coolant distribution area (5) and a coolant flow field area (6), the first coolant distribution area (5) includes a plurality of coolant distribution grooves (51), the coolant flow field area (6) includes a plurality of coolant flow field grooves (61), one end of the coolant distribution groove (51) is communicated with the coolant inlet (E), the other end of the coolant distribution groove (51) is communicated with one end of the coolant flow field groove (61), the other end of the coolant flow field groove (61) is communicated with the coolant outlet (H), the coolant distribution groove (51) includes three distribution sections (510) connected in sequence, the first distribution section (510) and the third distribution section (510) are respectively located at two sides of the second distribution section (510), a first section of the distribution section (510) is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet (E), a third section of the distribution section (510) is communicated with the cooling liquid flow field groove (61),
the distribution section (510) of the first section and the distribution section (510) of the second section are distributed in an obtuse angle, the distribution section (510) of the second section and the distribution section (510) of the third section are distributed in an acute angle, the distribution section (510) of the third section is connected with the cooling liquid flow field groove (61), and the distribution section (510) of the third section and the cooling liquid flow field groove (61) are distributed in an obtuse angle,
the width of the distribution section (510) of the first section is the same as that of the distribution section (510) of the second section, the width of the distribution section (510) of the third section is larger than that of the distribution section (510) of the second section, and strip-shaped separation protrusions (511) are arranged in the distribution section (510) of the third section.
2. A bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the vertical sections (211) of a plurality of gas distribution grooves (21) have the same length and are all located on the same side of the first strip-shaped connecting channels (41).
3. A bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein said vertical segments (211) and said diverging segments (212) are arranged at an obtuse angle, and said diverging segments (212) and said associated gas flow field grooves (31) are arranged at an obtuse angle, in the same gas distribution groove (21).
4. A bipolar plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second side (14) of one of the first plate (11) and the second plate (12) further has a first via area (71), a second via area (72) and a strip-shaped connecting groove (73),
the first bridging channel area (71) comprises a plurality of first bridging grooves (710), one ends of the first bridging grooves (710) are communicated with the first gas inlet (C), and the other ends of the first bridging grooves (710) are communicated with the first strip-shaped connecting channel (41);
the second bridge passage area (72) includes a plurality of second bridge grooves (720), one end of the second bridge grooves (720) is communicated with the second gas inlet (D), the other end of the second bridge grooves (720) is communicated with the strip connecting grooves (73), and the strip connecting grooves (73) are opposite to the first strip connecting passage (41) of the other one of the first pole plate (11) and the second pole plate (12).
5. A bipolar plate according to claim 4, wherein the first and second bridging grooves (710, 720) each comprise a first and a second connecting section (81, 82) connected, the first connecting section (81) of the first bridging groove (710) communicating with the first gas inlet (C), the second connecting section (82) of the first bridging groove (710) being perpendicular to the direction of extension of the first strip-like connecting channel (41) and communicating with the first strip-like connecting channel (41), the first connecting section (81) of the second bridging groove (720) communicating with the second gas inlet (D), the second connecting section (82) of the second bridging groove (720) being perpendicular to the direction of extension of the strip-like connecting groove (73) and communicating with the strip-like connecting groove (73).
6. A bipolar plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said flow dividing section (212) communicates with at least 2 of said gas flow field channels (31) and said distribution section (510) communicates with at least 2 of said coolant flow field channels (61).
7. A bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first side (13) of the first plate (11) and the first side (13) of the second plate (12) each further have a second gas distribution area (9) and a second strip-like connection channel (42) which runs through the first plate (11) and the second plate (12), the second strip-like connection channel (42) and the gas flow field region (3) being located on either side of the second gas distribution area (9);
the second gas distribution area (9) is structurally identical to the first gas distribution area (2), and the second gas distribution area (9) is respectively communicated with the gas flow field area (3) and the second strip-shaped connecting channel (42) which are positioned at two sides of the second gas distribution area (9).
8. A fuel cell, characterized in that it comprises a bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN202011624769.2A CN112331879B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Bipolar plate of fuel cell and fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011624769.2A CN112331879B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Bipolar plate of fuel cell and fuel cell |
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| CN112331879A CN112331879A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
| CN112331879B true CN112331879B (en) | 2021-05-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006009844A1 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-06 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Bipolar plate, in particular for a fuel cell stack of a vehicle |
| CN101937998A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-05 | 武汉理工大学 | Punch formed metal bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN103247807A (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2013-08-14 | 武汉众宇动力系统科技有限公司 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on phase-change heat transfer and bipolar plate thereof |
| CN109994752A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-09 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel battery double plates |
| CN209896180U (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-01-03 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Bipolar plate of fuel cell |
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2020
- 2020-12-31 CN CN202011624769.2A patent/CN112331879B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006009844A1 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-06 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Bipolar plate, in particular for a fuel cell stack of a vehicle |
| CN101937998A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-05 | 武汉理工大学 | Punch formed metal bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN103247807A (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2013-08-14 | 武汉众宇动力系统科技有限公司 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on phase-change heat transfer and bipolar plate thereof |
| CN109994752A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-09 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel battery double plates |
| CN209896180U (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-01-03 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Bipolar plate of fuel cell |
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| CN112331879A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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