CN212165957U - Manufacturing system of bone structure prosthesis - Google Patents
Manufacturing system of bone structure prosthesis Download PDFInfo
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- CN212165957U CN212165957U CN201921380871.5U CN201921380871U CN212165957U CN 212165957 U CN212165957 U CN 212165957U CN 201921380871 U CN201921380871 U CN 201921380871U CN 212165957 U CN212165957 U CN 212165957U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a manufacturing system of a bone structure prosthesis, which comprises a preset device, an operation processing device and a manufacturing device; the preset device is used for acquiring a bone image; the operation processing equipment is used for acquiring a bone image acquired by a preset device; determining a gray value area; constructing a void distribution of a crystal structure from the region distribution, constructing a model of the bone structure prosthesis from the void distribution of the crystal structure; the manufacturing equipment is used for manufacturing the bone structure prosthesis according to the model. The technical problems that in the prior art, due to the fact that the elastic modulus of a bone structure prosthesis is not matched with the elastic modulus of bones implanted into a human body, stress shielding effect of the bone structure prosthesis is caused, bone absorption is caused, the bone structure prosthesis is loosened, and the bone structure prosthesis is failed to implant are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, especially, indicate a manufacturing system of bone structure false body.
Background
Currently, the implantation of bone structure prostheses is a common treatment protocol in treatment protocols for joints, vertebrae, etc. Among them, the bone structure prosthesis is a solid structure produced by casting and forging in the prior art. In the structural design of bone structure prostheses, the elastic modulus of human bones needs to be considered, and the elastic modulus of each bone is different, even different bones of the same person have different elastic moduli. If the elastic modulus of the bone structure prosthesis is different from that of a human bone, the stress shielding effect of the bone structure prosthesis can be caused after the bone structure prosthesis is implanted into a human body, so that bone absorption is caused, the bone structure prosthesis is loosened, and the bone structure prosthesis is failed to be implanted.
So utility model people discover to have following problem among the prior art at least, because the elastic modulus of each individual skeleton all inequality, if the elastic modulus of bone structure false body does not match with the elastic modulus of people's skeleton, then can lead to implanting human bone structure false body stress shielding effect, cause the bone to absorb, and then make bone structure false body not hard up, bone structure false body implants the failed technical problem.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application provides a manufacturing system of a bone structure prosthesis, which aims to obtain a model matched with the elastic modulus of a collected bone in a bone image and is used for manufacturing a corresponding bone structure prosthesis so as to enable the elastic modulus of the manufactured bone structure prosthesis to be matched with the elastic modulus of the collected bone in the bone image.
The system comprises: the system comprises a presetting device, an arithmetic processing device and a manufacturing device;
the preset device is used for acquiring a bone image;
the operation processing equipment is used for acquiring a bone image acquired by a preset device; determining at least one region in the bone image whose gray scale value meets a predetermined threshold range; constructing a void distribution of a crystal structure from a distribution of at least one of the regions in the image of the bone, wherein the crystal structure is a structure provided on the bone structural prosthesis for controlling an elastic modulus of the bone structural prosthesis; constructing a model of the bone structural prosthesis from the void distribution of the crystal structure;
the manufacturing device is used for manufacturing the bone structure prosthesis according to the model.
Optionally, the arithmetic processing device is further configured to select a point in each of the regions according to a first predetermined manner; constructing and obtaining a dividing line between adjacent points through a second preset mode according to the positions of the points in the bone image; constructing a truss structure according to the dividing line, wherein the truss structure is a spatial structure formed by connecting a plurality of connecting rods with each other, and the spatial positions of the connecting rods are arranged corresponding to the spatial positions of the dividing line; and taking the distribution of the gaps among the connecting rods as the distribution of the gaps of the crystal structure.
The present application further provides a crystal structure of a bone structure prosthesis, the crystal structure including a plurality of crystal units, the plurality of crystal units being stacked on top of each other.
Optionally, the crystal unit is a three-dimensional truss structure formed by interweaving a plurality of connecting rods.
Optionally, the crystal units are connected with each other through the end of a connecting rod to realize the stacking of the crystal units.
Optionally, the plurality of links of the crystal unit are integrally formed and smoothly transitioned.
The application also provides a bone structure prosthesis, which is provided with the crystal structure.
As can be seen from the above, based on the above embodiment, the bone image acquired by the preset device is acquired, the corresponding model is constructed according to the spatial distribution of the structure in the image, the required bone structure prosthesis is finally manufactured by the model, the crystal structure arranged on the bone structure prosthesis can accurately simulate the elastic modulus of bones of different people, and the technical problems that the stress shielding effect of the bone structure prosthesis is caused and bone absorption is caused due to the fact that the elastic modulus of the bone structure prosthesis is not matched with the elastic modulus of the bone implanted into a human body in the prior art, so that the bone structure prosthesis is loosened and the bone structure prosthesis is failed to be implanted are solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process 100 for modeling a bone structure prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process 200 for modeling a bone structure prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an image of a bone according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bone image after selecting points according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a skeleton image after a partition line is constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a model construction apparatus for a bone structural prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for manufacturing a bone prosthesis according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In some example scenarios, a crystal structure resembling trabeculae may be provided on the bone structural prosthesis. The crystal structure can be approximately understood as the space structure overlapped by different connecting rods, the elastic modulus of the bone structure prosthesis is related to the space position of the space connecting rods and the diameter of the connecting rods, the space position of the connecting rods can be indirectly obtained through the distribution of gaps among the connecting rods, and the rest part is equivalent to the space position of the connecting rods as long as the material of the space gaps is physically removed. The trabecular bone structure in the skeleton of a living body is the same as the crystal structure, and has good mechanical and biological properties. The trabecular bone structure in the skeleton can be used for adjusting the stress state according to the load, and the structure is arranged on the bone structure prosthesis in a simulated mode, and the trabecular bone structure on the skeleton is an important cause of the elastic modulus of the skeleton in fact.
In some embodiments, the bone structure prosthesis will generate a trabecular bone-like crystal structure by chemical vapor deposition (CVD refers to a method in which chemical gas or vapor reacts to synthesize a coating or nanomaterial on the surface of a substrate) on the surface of the implant.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process 100 for constructing a model of a bone structure prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the present application provides a model construction method of a bone structure prosthesis, the method comprising:
s101, obtaining a skeleton image collected by a preset device;
in this step, a bone image is first acquired by means of a preset device. This step may be understood as scanning the bone image based on the CT of the clinical medical image, thereby obtaining a bone image. It should be noted that the bone images of different cross sections of the bone obtained by scanning with the CT machine may be images of different cross sections, or may be three-dimensional images obtained after scanning the bone, and as for the bone images obtained by scanning with the CT machine, the three-dimensional bone images may also be generated after the bone images of different cross sections are overlapped.
S102, determining at least one region of the skeleton image, wherein the gray value of the region meets a preset threshold range;
in this step at least one region is determined using different gray levels of the bone image and a predetermined threshold. In the imaging of the skeleton image, the distribution of the gaps of the grid structure crystal structure in the trabecular bone structure of the skeleton can be shown in different light and shade representations on the imaging, so that the gray level on the skeleton image can generate the gray level difference, and the distribution condition of the gaps in the area on the skeleton image can be determined through the gray level difference. If the predetermined threshold is a range of gray values of the void in the trabecular bone structure, and the gray value of the void is relatively low relative to the gray value of the portion of the bone structure (corresponding to the connecting rod in the crystal structure) in the CT imaging, a range can be defined by a predetermined threshold, and if the range is smaller than the predetermined threshold, the corresponding region of the bone image is determined to be the void region in the trabecular bone structure (i.e., the void region in the crystal structure). Of course, the distribution of the bone structure in the trabecular bone structure can also be reflected by the gray scale value, for example, when the gray scale value is greater than a predetermined threshold, non-void parts in the trabecular bone structure are found, and the regions corresponding to these parts are the parts of the bone structure, that is, the connecting rod parts of the crystal structure, and the non-void parts can be used for subsequent processing, and the specific processing steps will be explained in the subsequent steps.
S103, constructing a void distribution of a crystal structure according to the distribution of at least one region in the bone image, wherein the crystal structure is a structure which is arranged on the bone structure prosthesis and used for controlling the elastic modulus of the bone structure prosthesis;
in this step, a crystal structure for fitting a lattice structure of a trabecular bone structure is constructed based on the region determined in the previous step, the crystal structure being provided on the bone structure prosthesis, the lattice structure being fitted through the empty space in the space. That is, the crystal structure is used for simulating the trabecular bone structure in the bone, and the distribution relation of the crystal structure gaps in the space is corresponding to the gap distribution of the trabecular bone structure in the real bone image. Finally, the elastic modulus of the bone in the bone image is simulated. It should be noted that the bone structure prosthesis has other structures, and the bone structure prosthesis may be configured according to a specific implanted bone function, and the present application does not discuss other structures, and only discusses the matching of the crystal structure with the elastic modulus of the bone structure prosthesis, when the crystal structure of the bone structure prosthesis corresponds to the trabecular bone structure of a bone in a bone image, and after the matching of the elastic modulus with the elastic modulus of the bone in the bone image, a model of the bone structure prosthesis corresponding to the elastic modulus may be generated, and the elastic modulus of the bone structure prosthesis manufactured by the model may match with the elastic modulus of the bone in the bone image.
In this embodiment, a bone image acquired by a preset device is first acquired, the bone image may be obtained by scanning a human body by a preset device such as a CT machine, where the bone image may be a cross-sectional bone image of a bone or a three-dimensional stereo space image, and then a plurality of regions that meet a predetermined threshold range are determined by gray scales in the bone image. It is to be noted that the region herein may be a region representing a void in a trabecular bone structure in a bone or a region of a bone structure, and a spatial distribution of voids of a crystal structure is obtained from a distribution of these regions in space, and a model constructed from the spatial distribution of voids of a crystal structure may be used to fabricate a bone structure prosthesis from which an elastic modulus of the bone prosthesis may be matched to an elastic modulus in an image of the bone. The technical problems that in the prior art, due to the fact that the elastic modulus of a bone structure prosthesis is not matched with the elastic modulus of bones implanted into a human body, stress shielding effect of the bone structure prosthesis is caused, bone absorption is caused, the bone structure prosthesis is loosened, and the bone structure prosthesis is failed to implant are solved.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process 200 of a method for constructing a model of a bone structure prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment, the constructing a void distribution of a crystal structure according to a distribution of at least one of the regions in the bone image, wherein the crystal structure is a structure provided on the bone structure prosthesis for controlling an elastic modulus of the bone structure prosthesis, includes:
s201, selecting a point in each area according to a first preset mode;
in this step, a point may be selected from each region, whether the two-dimensional planar bone image obtained by scanning with a CT machine or the three-dimensional bone image obtained by scanning with another preset device, the point may be selected from a region determined in the two-dimensional planar bone image or the three-dimensional bone image, because the region is in a state of a plane or a volume that should be presented in the bone image, and is essentially a set of a plurality of points in a geometric space, and because the region is determined by a predetermined threshold range, the first predetermined manner may be to select an extreme point in the region, as described above, taking the embodiment in which the region represents a gap in a trabecular bone structure as an example, the gap may be set in a manner that a gray value is lower than a bone structure in imaging of the bone image, and then the gray value point in the region in the bone image may be selected as the selected point in the region, and carrying out subsequent processing. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bone image according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bone image after selecting a point according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
Of course, the first predetermined pattern may also be an embodiment using a point at the geometric center of the void, and is not exhaustive.
S202, constructing and obtaining a dividing line between adjacent points in a second preset mode according to the positions of the points in the bone image;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a skeleton image after a partition line is constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, a dividing line is constructed between the adjacent selected points in this step for the foundation of the truss structure to be constructed subsequently. The second predetermined manner may be a Voronoi manner, but is not limited to the specific manner of Voronoi. A Voronoi diagram, also called Thiessen polygon or Dirichlet diagram, is composed of a set of continuous polygons made up of perpendicular bisectors connecting two adjacent point lines. N points which are distinguished on the plane are divided into planes according to the nearest principle; each point is associated with its nearest neighbor region.
S203, constructing a truss structure according to the dividing line, wherein the truss structure is a spatial structure formed by connecting a plurality of connecting rods with each other, and the spatial positions of the connecting rods are arranged corresponding to the spatial positions of the dividing line;
in this step, the dividing line is constructed as a truss structure, for example, the dividing line can be constructed as a connecting rod of the truss structure, and then the distribution of the gaps in the space of the truss structure corresponds to the distribution of the gaps in the bone image. The mode of constructing the truss structure through the dividing lines can also refer to a Voronoi space application method, and the mode of constructing the three-dimensional truss structure is not limited to the Voronoi mode.
And S204, taking the distribution of the gaps among the connecting rods as the distribution of the gaps of the crystal structure.
In this step as a crystalline structure according to the truss structure.
In this embodiment, a specific implementation of constructing a model through distribution of regions in a bone image is provided, where points are selected from the regions, then dividing lines are constructed between adjacent points, and then a truss structure is constructed in space according to the dividing lines, and the truss structure is used as a crystal structure.
Taking a layer of bone image in clinical CT as an example, the bone image acquires corresponding gray values according to pixel points, and compares the gray values corresponding to the pixel points with a predetermined threshold range to determine a region meeting the predetermined threshold range. Taking a region as an example to represent a gap of a crystal structure, a region with a lower gray value in a bone image of CT is a region of a gap in a trabecular bone structure, so that the region with the lower gray value in the bone image will present a distribution of blocks, the gray value is set to a specific value smaller than a certain threshold, which can be understood as a predetermined threshold range, so that the gap in the bone image can be determined, the determined gap corresponding region is essentially a minimum value point set (i.e. positions of a plurality of corresponding pixel points smaller than the predetermined threshold in the bone image), a point with the smallest gray value (i.e. a minimum value point) is selected in each region, and if the minimum gray values of a plurality of points in a certain region are the same, one of the points can be selected randomly or in other manners. These points are then segmented in the bone image scanned by the CT machine by the segmentation lines between adjacent points, which are of the convex polygonal type, or polygonal if a three-dimensional bone image of a volume. It should be noted that if a plurality of layers of bone images are obtained by scanning a plurality of layers of bones through a CT machine, and a three-dimensional stereo model can be formed by stacking the bone images, the above method can still be used on a region in space, and a three-dimensional polygonal block can also be constructed, and a specific algorithm can adopt a Voronoi mode.
In an embodiment, the selecting a point in the region according to the first predetermined manner is selecting an extreme point of the gray value of the region as the selected point.
In this embodiment, a specific implementation of the point selection is provided.
In one embodiment, the dividing line is a perpendicular bisector between adjacent points.
In this embodiment, a specific embodiment of constructing the dividing line is provided.
The application also provides a manufacturing method of the bone structure prosthesis, which is to manufacture the bone structure prosthesis through 3D printing according to the model
This example provides a specific embodiment of the fabrication of a bone structural prosthesis by modeling, i.e., a way of 3D printing. Since the trabecular bone structure is very complicated, even if a model can be generated, the processing mode in the prior art is very difficult, because the crystal structure with the complicated internal structure is difficult to manufacture in the prior art by machining and a die manufacturing process, and the model of each person is possibly different, so that the mass production is difficult.
This problem can be effectively addressed by additive manufacturing (i.e. 3D printing). The 3D printing is performed layer by layer after the material is melted by the nozzle, so that the method has the advantages that the internal crystal structure is constructed, more materials with good compatibility, such as metal, fusion, ceramic and the like, can be provided, and the method is efficient and low in cost.
In a preferred manner, the 3D printing is produced by a titanium alloy powder melting process. The method is very suitable for the production requirements of complex structure, high porosity and customization.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for manufacturing a bone prosthesis according to the present invention. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the present application further provides a system for making a bone structure prosthesis, the system comprising: the system comprises a presetting device, an arithmetic processing device and a manufacturing device;
the preset device 201 is used for acquiring a bone image;
the operation processing device 202 is used for acquiring a bone image acquired by a preset device; determining at least one region in the bone image whose gray scale value meets a predetermined threshold range; constructing a void distribution of a crystal structure from a distribution of at least one of the regions in the image of the bone, wherein the crystal structure is a structure provided on the bone structural prosthesis for controlling an elastic modulus of the bone structural prosthesis; constructing a model of the bone structural prosthesis from the void distribution of the crystal structure;
the manufacturing device 203 is configured to manufacture the bone structure prosthesis according to the model.
In an embodiment, the arithmetic processing device 202 is further configured to select a point in each of the regions according to a first predetermined manner; constructing and obtaining a dividing line between adjacent points through a second preset mode according to the positions of the points in the bone image; constructing a truss structure according to the dividing line, wherein the truss structure is a spatial structure formed by connecting a plurality of connecting rods with each other, and the spatial positions of the connecting rods are arranged corresponding to the spatial positions of the dividing line; and taking the distribution of the gaps among the connecting rods as the distribution of the gaps of the crystal structure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a model construction apparatus for a bone structural prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment, the present application also provides a model construction apparatus of a bone structure prosthesis, the apparatus including:
the presetting device 101 is used for acquiring a bone image;
the acquisition module 102 is used for acquiring a bone image acquired by a preset device;
a determining module 103, configured to determine at least one region in the bone image whose gray scale value meets a predetermined threshold range;
a construction module 104 for constructing a void distribution of a crystal structure according to a distribution of at least one of the regions in the bone image, wherein the crystal structure is a structure provided on the bone structure prosthesis for controlling an elastic modulus of the bone structure prosthesis; constructing a model of the bone structural prosthesis from the void distribution of the crystal structure.
In one embodiment, the present application further provides a model building apparatus for a bone structure prosthesis, the apparatus further comprising:
a selecting module 105, configured to select a point in each of the regions according to a first predetermined manner;
the building module 104 is configured to build a dividing line between adjacent points according to the positions of the points in the bone image in a second predetermined manner; constructing a truss structure according to the dividing line, wherein the truss structure is a spatial structure formed by connecting a plurality of connecting rods with each other, and the spatial positions of the connecting rods are arranged corresponding to the spatial positions of the dividing line; and taking the distribution of the gaps among the connecting rods as the distribution of the gaps of the crystal structure.
In one embodiment, the present application also provides an apparatus for making a bone structure prosthesis, the apparatus comprising: a processor and a memory;
the memory stores an application program executable by the processor for causing the processor to perform the steps of the model construction method for a bone structural prosthesis.
In an embodiment, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method for model construction of a bone structural prosthesis described herein.
In one embodiment, the present application further provides a crystal structure of a bone structure prosthesis, the crystal structure includes a plurality of crystal units 1, and the plurality of crystal units 1 are stacked on each other.
Optionally, the crystal unit 1 is a three-dimensional truss structure formed by interweaving a plurality of connecting rods 11.
Alternatively, a plurality of crystal units 1 are connected with each other through the ends of connecting rods 11 to realize the stacking of the crystal units 1.
Alternatively, the plurality of links 11 of the crystal unit 1 are integrally formed and smoothly transited.
The application also provides a bone structure prosthesis, which is provided with the crystal structure.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various combinations and/or combinations of features recited in the various embodiments and/or claims of the present disclosure can be made, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly recited in the present application. In particular, the features recited in the various embodiments and/or claims of the present application may be combined and/or coupled in various ways, all of which fall within the scope of the present disclosure, without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present application.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been explained herein using specific embodiments, and the above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present application. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in this embodiment and its broader aspects and without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that all modifications, equivalents, and improvements made thereto are intended to be embraced within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A system for making a bone structure prosthesis, the system comprising: a presetting device (201), an arithmetic processing device (202), and a production device (203);
the preset device (201) is used for acquiring a bone image;
the operation processing equipment (202) is used for acquiring a bone image acquired by a preset device; determining at least one region in the bone image whose gray scale value meets a predetermined threshold range; constructing a void distribution of a crystal structure from a distribution of at least one of the regions in the image of the bone, wherein the crystal structure is a structure provided on the bone structural prosthesis for controlling an elastic modulus of the bone structural prosthesis; constructing a model of the bone structural prosthesis from the void distribution of the crystal structure;
the manufacturing device (203) is used for manufacturing the bone structure prosthesis according to the model.
2. The bone structural prosthesis manufacturing system according to claim 1,
the arithmetic processing device (202) is further configured to select a point in each of the regions according to a first predetermined manner; constructing and obtaining a dividing line between adjacent points through a second preset mode according to the positions of the points in the bone image; constructing a truss structure according to the dividing line, wherein the truss structure is a spatial structure formed by connecting a plurality of connecting rods with each other, and the spatial positions of the connecting rods are arranged corresponding to the spatial positions of the dividing line; and taking the distribution of the gaps among the connecting rods as the distribution of the gaps of the crystal structure.
3. The system for making a bone structural prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein said selecting a point within said region according to a first predetermined manner is selecting an extreme point of a gray value of said region as the selected point.
4. The system for making a bone structural prosthesis according to claim 3, wherein said dividing line is a perpendicular bisector between adjacent points.
5. A system for manufacturing a bone structural prosthesis according to claim 4, wherein said manufacturing device (203) comprises a 3D printing device, said 3D printing device manufacturing a bone structural prosthesis from said model.
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| CN112402063A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-02-26 | 北京智塑健康科技有限公司 | Model construction method, system and device of bone structure prosthesis and readable storage medium thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112402063A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-02-26 | 北京智塑健康科技有限公司 | Model construction method, system and device of bone structure prosthesis and readable storage medium thereof |
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