CN212138685U - Desert, water-deficient area and saline-alkali soil planting structure - Google Patents
Desert, water-deficient area and saline-alkali soil planting structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN212138685U CN212138685U CN202020720614.8U CN202020720614U CN212138685U CN 212138685 U CN212138685 U CN 212138685U CN 202020720614 U CN202020720614 U CN 202020720614U CN 212138685 U CN212138685 U CN 212138685U
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- seepage
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 24
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A planting structure for deserts, water-deficient areas and saline-alkali soil belongs to the technical field of planting. Comprises a planting ditch (13), a waterproof membrane (2) and a pre-buried porous water pipe (4), wherein the waterproof membrane (2) is laid in the planting ditch (13), the waterproof membrane (2) at the bottom of the planting ditch (13) is provided with a ventilating groove (3), the upper side of the ventilating groove (3) is provided with a ventilating and anti-seepage sand layer (5), the pre-buried porous water pipe (4) is laid on the upper side of the waterproof membrane (2), the upper sides of the pre-buried porous water pipe (4) and the ventilating and anti-seepage sand layer (5) are provided with a water seepage geotextile (6), the planting ditch (13) at the upper side of the water seepage geotextile (6) is filled with planting soil or planting sand, the upper side of the pre-buried porous water pipe (4) is provided with a water inlet and outlet hole, the ventilating and anti-seepage sand layer (5) has the characteristics of ventilation and water tightness, thereby keeping the ventilation of the original soil (1) at the lower part and, avoid the necrosis of the plant due to high temperature.
Description
Technical Field
A planting structure for deserts, water-deficient areas and saline-alkali soil belongs to the technical field of planting.
Background
The planting of economic crops and green plants in deserts and arid water-deficient areas is always a difficult point for planting, many deserts are not arid actually, a large amount of high-quality underground water is contained below the surface of the desert, partial areas in China seriously become deserts due to desertification, the sand structure is loose and cannot form a soil aggregate structure, water and fertilizer leakage is a main reason for the development of agriculture and forestry in the sandy land, and the arid water-deficient areas have the problems of water shortage and serious water evaporation, so that the deserts and the arid areas are difficult to keep water in the planting soil of the plants, and the plants are difficult to survive.
At present, a method mainly adopted for planting in deserts and arid water-deficient areas is to lay a plastic waterproof film in a planting ditch, the plastic waterproof film can prevent water leakage and fertilizer leakage, but the plastic waterproof film can prevent underground gas from flowing while resisting water, heat cannot be conducted up and down, illumination in the arid areas is often strong, soil on the upper layer of a diaphragm is irradiated to a high temperature of more than 40 ℃, plants are difficult to survive, especially economic crops, and the use effect of the waterproof film is not good.
Similar problems exist in saline-alkali soil, the planting soil and original soil are required to be separated in saline-alkali soil planting, plant root systems are necrotized due to salt components of the saline-alkali soil, the plastic waterproof film can prevent salt of the original soil from entering the planting soil, the planting soil is also caused to reach high temperature of more than 40 ℃ under sunlight irradiation, and plants are difficult to survive. The saline-alkali soil is different from the arid area in that the saline-alkali soil is not lack of water generally, and another problem is caused in that although moisture of original soil cannot penetrate through the film and enter planting soil from the lower part, the saline moisture on the surface of the saline-alkali soil under the washing of rainwater can enter the planting soil from the upper part, and the root system of a plant can also be necrotized.
Disclosure of Invention
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: overcome prior art's not enough, provide a desert, water deficient area and saline and alkaline land planting structure, that keeps planting the ground circulation of in ditch temperature and lower part soil, the temperature is normal in the ditch of keeping planting, avoids leading to the plant necrosis because of illumination, has still seted up the escape canal when saline and alkaline land is planted, and the salinity in original soil can be discharged through the escape canal, and can not follow the upper portion and get into in planting soil, thoroughly stops the salinity in the soil and goes into to plant in the soil.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: this planting structure in desert, water-deficient area, its characterized in that: the planting ditch comprises a planting ditch, a waterproof membrane and a pre-buried porous water pipe, wherein the waterproof membrane is laid in the planting ditch, a ventilating groove or a ventilating hole is formed in the waterproof membrane at the bottom of the planting ditch, a ventilating anti-seepage sand layer is laid on the upper side of the ventilating groove or the ventilating hole, the pre-buried porous water pipe is laid on the upper side of the waterproof membrane, water seepage geotextile is laid on the upper sides of the pre-buried porous water pipe and the ventilating anti-seepage sand layer, planting soil or planting sand is filled in the planting ditch on the upper side of the water seepage geotextile, a plurality of water inlet and outlet holes are formed in the upper.
Preferably, waterproof membranes are respectively laid on two sides of the planting ditch, the lower ends of the waterproof membranes are bent and then tiled at the bottom of the planting ditch, the waterproof membranes on two sides of the planting ditch form ventilating grooves at intervals at the bottom of the planting ditch, and two side edges of the ventilating and anti-seepage sand layer are laid on the waterproof membranes on two sides of the bottom of the planting ditch.
Preferably, the breathable seepage-proofing sand layer is overlapped with the waterproof films on two sides of the bottom of the planting ditch by 5-10 cm.
Preferably, the upper end of the waterproof membrane extends out of the planting ditch, and the upper end of the waterproof membrane is turned over on the upper side of the planting soil or the planting sand.
Preferably, the number of the embedded porous water pipes is two, and the two embedded porous water pipes are respectively paved on two sides of the breathable anti-seepage sand layer.
Preferably, the water inlet and drainage mechanism comprises a soil moisture sensor, a water storage tank and a water inlet and drainage pipe, the water inlet and drainage pipe is communicated with the pre-buried porous water pipe and the water storage tank, the soil moisture sensor is buried in the planting soil or the planting sand, and the soil moisture sensor is connected with a water pump on the water inlet and drainage pipe through a controller.
Preferably, the soil moisture sensor is powered by a solar cell.
The utility model provides a saline and alkaline land planting structure which characterized in that: including foretell planting structure, still seted up at least one escape canal around planting the ditch, the degree of depth in escape canal is greater than the degree of depth of planting the ditch.
Preferably, the drainage ditch is arranged in parallel with the planting ditch.
Preferably, the interval between the drainage ditch and the planting ditch is less than 6 m.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the planting structure for the desert and the water-deficient area has the beneficial effects that:
the utility model discloses a planting structure has seted up ventilative groove or bleeder vent on the water proof membrane of planting ditch bottom to laid ventilative prevention of seepage sand bed at ventilative groove upside, ventilative prevention of seepage sand bed has ventilative but waterproof characteristics, thereby keeps the original soil in lower part and the ground circulation of qi of planting soil, and the temperature that just so can guarantee to plant soil is normal, avoids the plant because of high temperature necrosis.
The utility model discloses well pre-buried porous water pipe not only has the problem of intaking in order to provide the required moisture content of plant, still has the drainage function, and general cognition is that there is not the waterlogging disaster in arid area, and what nevertheless arid area often planted is drought-enduring plant, if the sudden precipitation is very big, can lead to the very poor and very fast death of plant water-logging tolerance nature, often can cause bigger economic loss.
The utility model also provides a saline and alkaline land planting structure has still seted up the escape canal near planting the ditch, and the salinity in original soil can be discharged through the escape canal, and can not follow upper portion and get into in planting soil, thoroughly stop the salinity in the soil and enter into and plant soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an interface of a planting structure in a desert and water-deficient area in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a planting structure in desert and water-deficient areas in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a water intake and drainage mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a planting structure in desert and water-deficient areas in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a planting structure of saline-alkali soil;
wherein: 1. original soil 2, a waterproof membrane 3, a ventilation groove 4, a pre-buried porous water pipe 5, a ventilation anti-seepage sand layer 6, a water seepage geotextile 7, planting soil 8, a soil moisture sensor 9, a water inlet and outlet pipe 10, a water pump 11, a reservoir 12, a drainage ditch 13 and a planting ditch.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 3 are preferred embodiments of the planting structure in desert, water-deficient area and saline-alkali soil, and the utility model will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the planting structure for the desert and water-deficient areas comprises a planting ditch 13, a waterproof membrane 2 and pre-buried porous water pipes 4, wherein the waterproof membrane 2 is laid in the planting ditch 13, the waterproof membrane 2 at the bottom of the planting ditch 13 is provided with a ventilation groove 3 or a ventilation hole, a ventilation and seepage-proofing sand layer 5 is laid on the upper side of the ventilation groove 3, the pre-buried porous water pipes 4 are laid on the upper side of the waterproof membrane 2, a water seepage geotextile 6 is laid on the upper sides of the pre-buried porous water pipes 4 and the ventilation and seepage-proofing sand layer 5, planting soil or planting sand is filled in the planting ditch 13 on the upper side of the water seepage geotextile 6 to form planting soil 7, the upper side of the pre-buried porous water pipes 4 is provided with water inlet and outlet holes, the pre-buried porous water pipes 4 are connected with a water. The waterproof membrane 2 in this embodiment is a plastic cloth or an impermeable geomembrane.
The waterproof membrane 2 and the breathable seepage-proofing sand layer 5 completely prevent water and fertilizer from leaking downwards, water and fertilizer resources are prevented from being wasted, the breathable seepage-proofing sand layer 5 can be communicated with the ground gas while preventing water and fertilizer from leaking downwards, the temperature of the planting soil 7 is the same as the normal soil temperature, the temperature of the planting soil 7 is about 15 ℃ when the temperature is 10-20 cm below the ground surface, and plants can grow normally. The water seepage geotextile 6 has good corrosion resistance, can not be blown by wind and sun to prolong the service life by more than 30 years, and the water seepage geotextile 6 has good air permeability and water permeability, can effectively intercept soil and sand particles, and can not enter the pre-buried porous water pipe 4 such as small stone particles and fine sand, thereby avoiding influencing the water circulation of the pre-buried porous water pipe 4. Even if a small amount of sandy soil enters the embedded porous water pipe 4, the valve at the end part of the embedded porous water pipe 4 is opened, and water flows to the reservoir, so that the water can be delivered to a farther place by a self-sucking pump.
In the embodiment, the waterproof films 2 are respectively laid on two sides of the planting ditch 13, the lower ends of the waterproof films 2 are bent and then are tiled at the bottom of the planting ditch 13, the waterproof films 2 on two sides of the planting ditch 13 form the ventilating grooves 3 at the bottom of the planting ditch 13 at intervals, and two side edges of the ventilating anti-seepage sand layer 5 are laid on the waterproof films 2 on two sides of the bottom of the planting ditch 13. The air-permeable anti-seepage sand layer 5 is overlapped with the waterproof films 2 on the two sides of the bottom of the planting ditch 13 by 5-10 cm.
Referring to fig. 3, the water inlet and outlet mechanism comprises a soil moisture sensor 8, a water storage tank 11 and a water inlet and outlet pipe 9, the water inlet and outlet pipe 9 is communicated with the pre-buried porous water pipe 4 and the water storage tank 11, the soil moisture sensor 8 is buried in planting soil or planting sand, and the soil moisture sensor 8 is connected with a water pump 10 on the water inlet and outlet pipe 9 through a controller. The burying depth of the soil moisture sensor 8 is selected according to the type of plants, the soil moisture sensor 8 is powered by a solar battery, the sunshine time in arid regions such as deserts is long, and solar energy can completely meet the power consumption requirement and is particularly suitable for being used in the field. The water inlet and outlet pipe 9 can be a water pipe, and can also be a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe which are respectively connected with the embedded porous water pipe 4 through a tee joint, the water pump 10 is arranged on the water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve which is connected with a controller.
Description of the principle: after planting the plant in planting soil 7, whether moisture content in planting soil 7 is suitable is detected through soil moisture content sensor 8, if lack of water, water in suction cistern 11 through inlet and outlet pipe 9 gets into through the business turn over water hole of pre-buried porous water pipe 4 and plants soil 7 in, provides moisture content for vegetation, can also add fertilizer to the aquatic before water gets into pre-buried porous water pipe 4 simultaneously, supplies fertile when supplying water. The soil moisture sensor 8 detects that the moisture content reaches the water amount required by the plants and then stops supplying water. The waterproof membrane 2 and the air-permeable anti-seepage sand layer 5 can prevent water and fertilizer from leaking downwards, and the air-permeable anti-seepage sand layer 5 has the characteristics of air permeability and water impermeability, so that the air circulation between the original soil 1 at the lower part and the planting soil 7 is kept, the normal temperature of the planting soil 7 can be ensured, and the necrosis of plants due to high temperature is avoided.
When great precipitation occurs, after the soil moisture sensor 8 detects that the moisture in the planting soil 7 exceeds a set value, the switch on the drain pipe is opened, the water in the planting soil 7 is drained into the reservoir 11, and the plants are prevented from dying due to poor waterlogging tolerance while the water is recovered. This planting simple structure, practicality keep planting soil 7 temperatures normal when moisturizing, fertilizer conservation, can realize automatic water supply, drainage waterlogging through controller control, can convey the data that detect such as soil moisture content sensor 8 to terminals such as cell-phone, computer, can realize remote control.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4, the upper end of the waterproof membrane 2 of the present embodiment extends out of the planting furrows 13, and the upper end of the waterproof membrane 2 is turned over on the upper side of the planting soil or the planting sand. The sand water absorption performance is set according to the soil property characteristics of the arid region, the sand water absorption performance is very strong in the arid region, particularly in a desert, and in the later planting period, the sand can permeate the upper part of the waterproof membrane 2 and then together with the original soil 1 and the planting soil 7, just like a water pipe is built in the original soil 1 and the planting soil 7, and the sand can quickly absorb the water of the planting soil 7.
In the embodiment, the upper end of the waterproof membrane 2 is turned over on the upper side of the planting soil or the planting sand, so that a sand water pipe connecting the original soil 1 and the planting soil 7 can be avoided, and the water loss of the planting soil 7 is prevented. But also prevent the evaporation of water.
Referring to fig. 5, this embodiment also provides a saline and alkaline land planting structure, which includes the above planting structure, and at least one drainage ditch 12 is further opened around the planting ditch 13, the depth of the drainage ditch 12 is greater than the depth of the planting ditch 13, when the water falls, the water in the original soil 1 can carry salt to enter the drainage ditch 12, and the water is drained to the drainage ditch or directly drained to the sea through the drainage ditch 12, because the water is the normal saline and alkaline land water, although the plants cannot be planted, the water is not polluted, and therefore the water is drained to a nearby water area and cannot cause pollution. The salt in original soil 1 can be discharged through escape canal 12, and can not get into from upper portion and plant soil 7 in, thoroughly stop the salt in the soil and enter into and plant soil 7.
Preferably, the drainage ditches 12 are arranged in parallel with the planting ditches 13, and a plurality of the planting ditches 13 are often arranged, and one or two drainage ditches 12 are arranged in one planting area. The interval between the drainage ditch 12 and the planting ditch 13 is preferably less than 6 m.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a planting structure in desert, water-deficient area which characterized in that: the planting method comprises a planting ditch (13), a waterproof membrane (2) and pre-buried porous water pipes (4), wherein the waterproof membrane (2) is laid in the planting ditch (13), a ventilating groove (3) or a ventilating hole is formed in the waterproof membrane (2) at the bottom of the planting ditch (13), a ventilating anti-seepage sand layer (5) is laid on the upper side of the ventilating groove (3) or the ventilating hole, the pre-buried porous water pipes (4) are laid on the upper side of the waterproof membrane (2), a water seepage geotextile (6) is laid on the upper sides of the pre-buried porous water pipes (4) and the ventilating anti-seepage sand layer (5), planting soil or planting sand is filled in the planting ditch (13) on the upper side of the water seepage geotextile (6), a plurality of water inlet and outlet holes are formed in the upper side of the pre-buried porous water pipes (4), and the pre-.
2. The planting structure in the desert and water-deficient area as set forth in claim 1, wherein: waterproof membranes (2) are respectively laid on two sides of the planting ditch (13), the lower ends of the waterproof membranes (2) are bent and then are tiled at the bottom of the planting ditch (13), the waterproof membranes (2) on two sides of the planting ditch (13) form ventilating grooves (3) at the bottom of the planting ditch (13) at intervals, and two side edges of the ventilating anti-seepage sand layer (5) are laid on the waterproof membranes (2) on two sides of the bottom of the planting ditch (13).
3. The planting structure in the desert and water-deficient area as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the breathable seepage-proofing sand layer (5) is overlapped with the waterproof films (2) on two sides of the bottom of the planting ditch (13) by 5-10 cm.
4. The planting structure in the desert and water-deficient area as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the waterproof membrane (2) extends out of the planting ditch (13), and the upper end of the waterproof membrane (2) is turned over and folded on the upper side of the planting soil or the planting sand.
5. The planting structure in the desert and water-deficient area as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the number of the embedded porous water pipes (4) is two, and the two embedded porous water pipes (4) are respectively laid on two sides of the breathable seepage-proofing sand layer (5).
6. The planting structure in the desert and water-deficient area as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the water inlet and drainage mechanism comprises a soil moisture sensor (8), a water storage tank (11) and a water inlet and drainage pipe (9), the water inlet and drainage pipe (9) is communicated with a pre-buried porous water pipe (4) and the water storage tank (11), the soil moisture sensor (8) is buried in planting soil or planting sand, and the soil moisture sensor (8) is connected with a water pump (10) on the water inlet and drainage pipe (9) through a controller.
7. The planting structure in the desert and water-deficient area as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the soil moisture sensor (8) is powered by a solar cell.
8. The utility model provides a saline and alkaline land planting structure which characterized in that: the planting structure of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least one drainage ditch (12) is formed around the planting ditch (13), and the depth of the drainage ditch (12) is greater than that of the planting ditch (13).
9. The saline-alkali soil planting structure according to claim 8, wherein: the drainage ditch (12) and the planting ditch (13) are arranged in parallel.
10. The saline-alkali soil planting structure according to claim 9, wherein: the interval between the drainage ditch (12) and the planting ditch (13) is less than 6 m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020720614.8U CN212138685U (en) | 2020-05-06 | 2020-05-06 | Desert, water-deficient area and saline-alkali soil planting structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020720614.8U CN212138685U (en) | 2020-05-06 | 2020-05-06 | Desert, water-deficient area and saline-alkali soil planting structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212138685U true CN212138685U (en) | 2020-12-15 |
Family
ID=73722233
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020720614.8U Expired - Fee Related CN212138685U (en) | 2020-05-06 | 2020-05-06 | Desert, water-deficient area and saline-alkali soil planting structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212138685U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-05-06 CN CN202020720614.8U patent/CN212138685U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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