CN212110637U

CN212110637U - Original state earth pillar digger

Info

Publication number: CN212110637U
Application number: CN201921739384.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张思毅; 孔繁灵; 贺斌; 袁再建; 黄斌; 谢真越; 李定强
Original assignee: Guangdong Institute of Eco Environment and Soil Sciences
Current assignee: Guangdong Institute of Eco Environment and Soil Sciences
Priority date: 2019-10-16
Filing date: 2019-10-16
Publication date: 2020-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-16

Abstract

The utility model provides a undisturbed earth pillar digger, include: the lifting assembly and the supporting frame used for containing and limiting the sampling tube are arranged, a top plate is arranged at the top of the supporting frame, at least three supporting rods are arranged on the top plate, and the lifting assembly drives the sampling tube to move outwards from the bottom of the supporting frame. The utility model discloses a original state earth pillar digger can dig out the earth pillar completely, and the sampling process does not shake or rotate, and is less to the soil structure influence, labour saving and time saving.

Description

Original state earth pillar digger

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a drilling technical field especially relates to an original state earth pillar or root system digger.

Background

Traditionally, when researching the undisturbed soil profile structure, researchers can choose to dig a larger and deeper soil profile pit in the field and directly observe and research a section of vertical section exposed by undisturbed soil. However, due to the large amount of engineering, a large area of soil is damaged, and the soil profile structure cannot be permanently reserved or moved indoors for deep research on the soil profile structure.

At present, the sampling analysis research to undisturbed soil generally all adopts the soil drilling device, however the traditional soil that often uses among the prior art bores and bores by the modified soil of luoyang shovel and can only take out a little soil sample in the soil of the different degree of depth, but can not get the whole soil cross section of the degree of depth that reaches from ground to the soil drill bit in succession, and this causes the puzzlement to the research of the different aspect of undisturbed soil. According to different soil taking modes, the soil drill has 3 types: direct compression, screw, and hammer. The rotation of the drill bit in the spiral soil sampling and the vibration in the hammering soil sampling are adopted, and the soil is extruded by the excessively thick drill bit wall to cause soil disturbance, so that the structural characteristics of the soil are changed, and an ideal undisturbed soil sample cannot be obtained.

Yangming and Jia Shu disclose a direct-pressure manual undisturbed soil drill (CN 2132177Y) for taking undisturbed soil, which solves the resistance problem of soil to the soil drill in the soil taking process by adopting the direct-pressure manual undisturbed soil drill, but when the diameter of the soil drill is large and the length of the soil drill is long, the direct-pressure manual soil taking mode is difficult to stably press the soil drill into the soil, and simultaneously the root system of a plant can not be sampled.

At present, because the existing digging device is laborious, insufficient in digging depth and inconvenient to carry, in the aspects of deep-level research on soil structure and research on crop root system distribution, new digging equipment needs to be developed urgently to better research the generation and development mechanism of each section generation layer of soil and the distribution rule of root systems in soil.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is that the excavation depth of overcoming current mining equipment is not enough, carries and uses not put just scheduling problem, provides a original state earth pillar digger, can dig out with the earth pillar that length is longer, the diameter is great is complete, and the sampling process does not shake or rotate, and is less to the influence of soil structure.

The utility model discloses above-mentioned purpose is realized through following technical scheme:

an undisturbed soil column miner comprising: the lifting assembly is used for accommodating and limiting the supporting frame of the sampling pipe; the top of support frame is equipped with the roof, be equipped with at least three branch on the roof, lift the subassembly drive sampling pipe is followed the support frame bottom outwards removes.

Optionally, the sampling device further comprises a backing plate which can be arranged between the lifting assembly and the sampling pipe, and when the lifting height of the lifting assembly is not enough, the sampling depth of the sampling pipe is increased by additionally arranging the backing plate between the sampling pipe and the lifting assembly.

Optionally, the lifting assembly is a vertical hydraulic jack, the vertical hydraulic jack is provided with a handle, a window for the handle to operate is formed in the supporting frame, the handle is driven by a small piston, a large piston top of the vertical hydraulic jack is abutted to the top plate, a base of the vertical hydraulic jack moves downwards, and the sampling pipe is driven to move outwards from the bottom of the supporting frame.

Optionally, the strut is a telescopic rod with adjustable length.

Optionally, the supporting rod comprises a small supporting rod and a large supporting rod, the small supporting rod is sleeved in the large supporting rod, a plurality of fixing holes and a locking bolt are formed in the small supporting rod and the large supporting rod, the locking bolt is inserted into the fixing holes of the small supporting rod and the large supporting rod, and the small supporting rod and the large supporting rod are locked.

Optionally, the bottom of branch is equipped with the crossbeam, be equipped with at least one ground spear on the crossbeam.

Optionally, the lower part of branch is equipped with spacing hole, the crossbeam penetrates in the spacing hole, be equipped with two at least fixed orificess on the crossbeam, be equipped with rings on the ground spear, the crossbeam penetrates in the rings, rings are located the both sides in spacing hole, be equipped with detachable locking bolt on the fixed orificess.

Optionally, a limiting part is arranged on the ground spear, one side of the limiting part tilts downwards, a formed lower tilting part is used for drilling into soil and discharging the soil upwards in a rotating state, the other side of the limiting part tilts upwards, and a formed upper tilting part is used for discharging the soil downwards in a screwing-out state.

Optionally, the limiting component is a circular or oval sheet structure, and has a lower tilted edge and an upper tilted edge.

Optionally, the limiting part is a circular or oval sheet structure, and at least one slit is arranged on the limiting part, one side edge of the slit tilts downwards to form a downward tilting part, and the other side edge tilts upwards to form an upward tilting part. Preferably, the gap points to the center of a circle, and is more beneficial to the soil discharging of the downward warping part and the upward warping part.

Optionally, the sampling pipe includes a pipe body, a pipe cap is arranged at the top of the pipe body, the outer diameter of the pipe cap is smaller than the inner diameter of the support frame, a cutting ring is arranged at the bottom of the pipe body, the cutting ring has an outer ring and a cutting edge located at the lower part of the outer ring, and the outer diameter of the outer ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the support frame.

Optionally, a level gauge is arranged on the top plate and used for judging whether the top plate is in a horizontal position.

Optionally, the support frame is the sleeve pipe, and tubular structure helps the spacing of sampling pipe, and sheathed tube upper end and lower extreme are the opening, and sheathed tube internal diameter slightly is greater than the external diameter of sampling pipe for sheathed tube pipe wall plays good limiting displacement to sampling pipe.

The utility model also provides a method of utilizing above-mentioned original state earth pillar digger to carry out soil excavation, include: will the sampling point is arranged in to the support frame, will in ground spear screw in soil, will sampling pipe, lift the subassembly and put into in proper order in the support frame the top of support frame is placed the roof will the support is fixed to the roof through the handle of swing lift subassembly, the base of lifting the subassembly moves down, makes in the sampling pipe bores soil, and the collection obtains the sample, and this sample can be original state soil and root system analysis sample, soil and root system observation description sample, soil column sample etc..

Optionally, a backing plate is added between the lifting assembly and the sampling tube.

The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

the utility model discloses a former state earth pillar digger is with the help of the roof and lift the subassembly, and the roof will lift the ascending effort of subassembly and convert the overdraft into for during the sampling pipe bored into soil smoothly, can dig out the earth pillar completely, the sampling process does not shake or rotate, and is less to the soil structure influence, labour saving and time saving.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows the whole structure schematic diagram of the undisturbed soil column digger in the embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting assembly and the backing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a sampling tube in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a knife ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the ground spear in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is another schematic structural diagram of the ground spear in the embodiment of the present invention.

Description of numbering:

1-support frame

2-Window

3-lifting assembly

4-sampling tube

41-pipe cap

42-tube body

43-cutting ring

431 outer ring

432-knife edge

5-backing board

6-top plate

7-support rod

71-Small strut

72-big pole support

73-Cross Beam

8-ground spear

81-hanging ring

82-spacing part

83-break

84-lower tilted part

85-upwarping part

9-level meter

10-locking bolt

11-fixed hole

12-locking bolt

13-limiting hole

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the following examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way.

In the following embodiments, the sampling tube and the backing plate are made of steel or alloy materials, so that the excavator has reliable strength, the sampling tube is made of PVC, and the backing plate is made of wood.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an undisturbed soil column digger comprises: the lifting assembly 3 is used for accommodating and limiting the supporting frame 1 of the sampling tube 4; the top of support frame 1 is equipped with roof 6, is equipped with at least three branch 7 on the roof 6, lifts the outside removal of subassembly 3 drive sampling pipe 4 from support frame 1 bottom. During operation, three branch 7 insert in the soil, and the top of lifting assembly 3 supports and leans on the lower surface of roof 6, and under the blockking of roof 6, when lifting assembly 3's piston upwards lifted, because roof 6 links into an organic whole with the branch 7 that inserts the soil, and it is motionless to keep, consequently, roof 6 applys reverse effort for lifting assembly 3's base moves down, drives sampling pipe 4 and outwards removes from support frame 1 bottom. The top of the lifting component 3 is contacted with the lower bottom surface of the top plate 6, and the lifting component 3 provides downward driving force for the sampling pipe 4, so that the sampling pipe can be drilled into soil, and time and labor are saved. The lifting component 3, the sampling pipe 4 and the top plate 6 are detachably connected, and all the parts can be stored in a toolbox and carried to the field for operation, and the excavator is assembled temporarily in a place to be sampled.

The number of the struts 7 can be three, four or more, preferably three, so that the structure is stable and the installation is convenient.

The contained angle of branch 7 and ground is acute angle or right angle usually, and when the diameter of roof 6 was less, the slope of branch 7 set up, and during branch 7 slant inserted soil, when the diameter of roof 6 was great, because roof 6 surpassed the partial distance of support frame 1 longer, can be with the vertical setting of branch 7, make its vertical soil that inserts, the preferred mode that adopts the slope to set up of branch 7, stability is higher.

The device also comprises a backing plate 5 which can be arranged between the lifting component 3 and the sampling pipe 4, when the lifting height of the lifting component 3 is limited and can not reach the required height, 1, 2 or more backing plates 5 are additionally arranged between the lifting component 3 and the sampling pipe 4, so that the mining depth is increased.

The lifting component 3 can be a vertical hydraulic JACK (the product can be purchased from the market, for example, the product can be EAGLE JACK, RMQYL type vertical oil JACK of honor beauty hydraulic machinery manufacturing limited company in thazhou city, etc.), the supporting frame 1 is provided with a window 2 for a handle to operate, the handle drives an adjusting screw head of the vertical hydraulic JACK to abut against the lower bottom surface of the top plate 6 through a small piston, under the reverse action of the top plate 6, a base of the vertical hydraulic JACK moves downwards, and the sampling pipe 4 is driven to move outwards from the bottom of the supporting frame 1, so that the soil sample is excavated.

The operation process of the vertical hydraulic jack is as follows: 1. clockwise rotating the jack oil valve by a handle to lock the jack oil valve; 2. the jack is arranged in the window 2; 3. inserting a jack handle into the handle sleeve, operating the handle up and down to enable the adjusting screw rod to rise to a required height, and then drilling the sampling pipe 4 into a required depth; 4. when the handle is detached and the oil return valve is loosened by the handle, the components such as the top plate 6, the support rod 7, the support frame 1 and the like can be detached.

In one embodiment, the support rod 7 is provided with fixing holes 11, the fixing holes 11 are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the top plate 6, and locking is realized by inserting locking bolts 12 into the fixing holes 11. The fixing hole 11 may be a threaded hole, and the locking bolt 12 may be a bolt, and locking is achieved by installing the bolt into the threaded hole.

The material of the support frame 1 may be steel, the material of the top plate 6 may be iron, and the top plate 6 may be circular, hexagonal or other shapes.

Branch 7 is the telescopic link of adjustable length, because the inseparable degree of each sampling area's soil is different, and the required inserted degree of depth of ground spear 8 requires also differently, consequently, designs into the structure of adjustable length with branch 7, and it is more convenient to use.

The supporting rod 7 comprises a small supporting rod 71 and a large supporting rod 72, and the small supporting rod 71 is partially sleeved in the large supporting rod 72.

The small support rod 71 and the large support rod 72 are provided with a plurality of fixing holes 11, the locking bolts 12 are inserted into the fixing holes 11 of the small support rod 71 and the large support rod 72 to lock the small support rod 71 and the large support rod 72, and the locking bolts 12 are inserted into the corresponding fixing holes 11 according to different length requirements.

The length-adjustable structure of the strut 7 is not limited to the above structure, and may be other structures, for example, in an embodiment, the small strut 71 and the large strut 72 are connected by a screw thread, an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the small strut 71, and the large strut can be adjusted by rotating the small strut 71 or the large strut 72.

The connecting structure of the supporting rod 7 and the ground spear 8 can be a detachable structure, can also be a non-detachable structure, is preferably a detachable structure, in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the bottom of the supporting rod 7 is provided with a cross beam 73, the cross beam 73 is provided with at least one ground spear 8, each cross beam 73 can be specifically provided with one, two or more ground spears 8, the number of the ground spears 8 is more, the stability is higher, but the installation difficulty is higher, generally, each cross beam 73 is provided with two ground spears 8, and the stability requirement can be met.

In one embodiment, the lower portion of the large strut 72 is provided with a limiting hole 13, and the diameter of the limiting hole 13 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cross beam 73 for the cross beam 73 to penetrate therethrough, so that the cross beam 73 is connected to the large strut 72.

Ground spear 8 also can be designed into other structures, in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, there is rings 81 at ground spear 8 top, when ground spear screw in or screw out soil, a stock can be inserted in rings 81, supplementary rotatory ground spear, the position that is close to the lower extreme on the ground spear 8 sets up stop part 82, the resistance of multiplicable ground spear, one side of stop part 82 is perk down, when staff's rotatory ground spear 8, this perk side can bore in the soil under the rotation state, discharge soil to stop part's upper portion, and then make whole ground spear 8 bore required degree of depth, the side of another side upwarp of stop part 82 can be under the state of unscrewing, discharge soil to stop part's lower part, and then make whole ground spear 8 extract easily. This stop part 82 can be circular or oval sheet structure, this stop part 82 welds the position that is close to the spear point on ground spear 8, preferably, stop part 82 is last, be equipped with at least one breach 83 of pointing to the centre of a circle, one side edge of this breach 83 sticks down, form the portion 84 that sticks up down, the other side edge upwarps, form the portion 85 that sticks up, when stop part 82 rotates along with ground spear 8, the portion 84 that sticks up drills into in the soil, go up the soil, the portion 85 that sticks up arranges down the soil, make the tip of ground spear 8 continue downwards, finally make whole ground spear 8 drill into required degree of depth, then tamp the soil, make ground spear 8 effectively fixed in the soil, when pulling out, along with ground spear 8's counter rotation, the portion that sticks up arranges down the soil, make ground spear 8 continue upwards, finally make whole ground spear 8 unscrew ground.

The lower part of branch 7 is equipped with spacing hole 13, and during crossbeam 73 penetrated spacing hole 13, be equipped with two at least fixed orificess 11 on the crossbeam 73, be equipped with rings 81 on the ground spear 8, during crossbeam 73 penetrated rings 81, rings 81 were located the both sides of spacing hole 13, were equipped with detachable locking bolt 12 on the fixed orificess 11, and locking bolt 12 plays 8 spacing effects to the ground spear, avoids its outside removal.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the sampling tube 4 comprises a tube body 42, a tube cap 41 is arranged at the top of the tube body 42, the outer diameter of the tube cap 41 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the support frame 1, a cutting ring 43 is arranged at the bottom of the tube body 42, the cutting ring 43 is provided with an outer ring 431 and a cutting edge 432 positioned at the lower part of the outer ring 431, the cutting edge 432 is made of hard steel and is used for reducing tunneling resistance and cutting off a transverse root system, and the outer diameter of the outer ring 431 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter. Pipe cap 41 is used for sheltering from the hollow position of body 42 on the one hand for the even atress in bottom of backing plate 5 or lifting unit 3, and on the other hand, the external diameter of pipe cap 41 slightly is less than the internal diameter of support frame 1, and pipe cap 41 is effectively spacing by the inner wall of support frame 1, effectively reduces rocking of body 42, and outer ring 431 also can play the effect that reduces body 42 and rock equally, and outer ring 431 specifically is the annular. The external diameter of cutting ring 43 slightly is less than 1 internal diameter of support frame, and cutting edge 43 lower limb is cutting edge 432, and cutting edge 432 internal diameter equals the 4 internal diameters of sampling pipe, and it has the recess to open along inboard circumference on the body of cutting edge 432 top for place sampling pipe 4, recess upper portion be outer ring 431 promptly, and the recess internal diameter equals the external diameter of sampling pipe 4. The lower part of the sampling tube 4 is sleeved in a groove in the upper part of the cutting ring, the upper part of the sampling tube 1 is provided with a tube cap 41, the inner diameter of the tube cap 41 is the same as the outer diameter of the sampling tube 4, and the outer diameter of the tube cap 41 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the support frame 1. The backing plate 5 is placed between the sampling pipe cap 41 and the bottom of the jack, and the thickness of the backing plate 5 is smaller than the maximum liftable height of the jack. During sampling, a plurality of backing plates can be used in combination to deepen the sampling depth. If the thickness of the backing plate 5 is greater than or equal to the maximum liftable height of the jack, the jack is difficult to be placed in the support frame after the backing plate is placed.

The support frame 1 can be multiple structures, for example square or cylindricality, and its lateral wall also can set up the through-hole of a plurality of fretworks, can satisfy under the circumstances of supporting strength, plays certain weight reduction effect, portable, in addition, still can set up vertical bar through-hole at the lateral wall of support frame 1, is convenient for observe the depth of descent of inside sampling tube 4, and support frame 1 is preferably the sleeve pipe, is cylindricly, and sheathed tube internal diameter slightly is greater than the external diameter of sampling tube 4 for sampling tube 4 is by effective spacing.

The top plate 6 is provided with a level 9 for determining whether the top plate 6 is in a horizontal state, and further determining whether the sampling tube 4 is in a strict vertical state.

The utility model discloses an operation process as follows: after the selected sampling point, open braced system, let support frame 1 be located the selected sampling point, adjust the ground of branch 7 below for spirit level 9 keeps the level, with lance 8 nail into soil, then with cutting ring 43, sampling tube 4 along with pipe cap 41 and jack from down up put into support frame 1 in, sampling tube 4 below cover is in cutting ring 43 upper portion recess, the realization is fixed. Insert the handle in the handle sleeve pipe of jack, the handle of luffing motion jack, because the adjusting screw top of jack is bottom surface under braced system's roof 6, make the adjusting screw of jack can not upwards rise, but the base of jack descends gradually, and then in pressing sampling pipe 4 and cutting ring 43 entering soil, continue to swing the handle, until the jack no longer descends, take out the jack, withdraw the top, then put the pipe cap 41 top of sampling pipe 4 with a backing plate 5, put the jack above backing plate 5, continue to swing the handle, push sampling pipe 4 down. The above operations are repeated as necessary until the sampling tube 4 is filled with the desired soil sample. In the process, after the cutting ring 43 enters the soil to a certain depth, the soil above the cutting ring 43 is excavated, so that the frictional resistance among the sampling pipe 4, the cutting ring 43 and the soil is reduced, the force required by the cutting ring to cut into the soil is reduced, and the compaction influence of the upper pressure on the soil below the cutting ring 43 is further reduced. When the expected depth is reached, the jack and the base plate 5 are taken down, the supporting system is retracted, the soil around the sampling tube 4 and the cutting ring 43 is excavated, and the sampling tube 4 and the cutting ring 43 are completely taken out, so that the undisturbed soil column can be obtained.

The utility model discloses a undisturbed earth pillar and root system digger, the depth of digging is generally 10-100cm, can be used to gather undisturbed soil and root system analysis sample, soil and root system observation description sample and gather soil column sample, is applicable to teaching, scientific research and production department etc. relevant with soil.

To sum up, the utility model discloses a digger can dig out the earth pillar completely, and the sampling process does not shake or rotate, and is less to the soil structure influence, labour saving and time saving.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent replacement modes, and all are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an undisturbed soil column digger which characterized in that includes: the lifting assembly (3) is used for accommodating and limiting the supporting frame (1) of the sampling pipe (4), a top plate (6) is arranged at the top of the supporting frame (1), at least three supporting rods (7) are arranged on the top plate (6), and the lifting assembly (3) drives the sampling pipe (4) to move outwards from the bottom of the supporting frame (1).

2. An undisturbed soil column miner as in claim 1 wherein: the sampling device also comprises a backing plate (5) which can be arranged between the lifting component (3) and the sampling pipe (4).

3. An undisturbed soil column miner as in claim 1 wherein: lifting assembly (3) is vertical hydraulic jack, vertical hydraulic jack has the handle, be equipped with the confession on support frame (1) window (2) of handle operation, the handle passes through little piston drive vertical hydraulic jack's big piston top support leans on extremely roof (6), vertical hydraulic jack's base moves down, drives sampling pipe (4) are followed support frame (1) bottom is outwards removed.

4. An undisturbed soil column miner as in claim 1 wherein: the supporting rod (7) is a telescopic rod with adjustable length.

5. An undisturbed soil column miner as in claim 4 wherein: branch (7) are including little branch (71), big branch (72), little branch (71) part cover is located in big branch (72), be equipped with a plurality of fixed orificess (11) and locking bolt (12) on little branch (71), big branch (72), locking bolt (12) insert in the fixed orifices (11) of little branch (71), big branch (72), lock little branch (71), big branch (72).

6. An undisturbed soil column miner as in claim 1 wherein: the bottom of branch (7) is equipped with crossbeam (73), be equipped with at least one ground spear (8) on crossbeam (73).

7. An undisturbed soil column miner as in claim 6 wherein: the lower part of branch (7) is equipped with spacing hole (13), crossbeam (73) penetrates in spacing hole (13), be equipped with two at least fixed orificess (11) on crossbeam (73), be equipped with rings (81) on ground spear (8), crossbeam (73) penetrates in rings (81), rings (81) are located the both sides in spacing hole (13), be equipped with detachable locking bolt (12) on fixed orifices (11).

8. An undisturbed soil column miner as in claim 6 wherein: a limiting part (82) is arranged on the ground spear (8), one side edge of the limiting part (82) is tilted downwards, and the other side edge is tilted upwards.

9. An undisturbed soil column miner as in claim 1 wherein: sampling pipe (4) include body (42), the top of body (42) is equipped with pipe cap (41), the external diameter of pipe cap (41) is less than the internal diameter of support frame (1), the bottom of body (42) is equipped with cutting ring (43), cutting ring (43) have outer ring (431) and be located cutting edge (432) of outer ring (431) lower part, the external diameter of outer ring (431) is less than the internal diameter of support frame (1).

10. An undisturbed soil column miner as in claim 1 wherein: the top plate (6) is provided with a level gauge (9), and the support frame (1) is a sleeve.