CN212103956U - Low-water-head dam fishway with ecological flow discharging function - Google Patents
Low-water-head dam fishway with ecological flow discharging function Download PDFInfo
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- CN212103956U CN212103956U CN202020259698.XU CN202020259698U CN212103956U CN 212103956 U CN212103956 U CN 212103956U CN 202020259698 U CN202020259698 U CN 202020259698U CN 212103956 U CN212103956 U CN 212103956U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a low head dam fishway with ecological flow lets out function down sets up in one side of keeping away from the diversion floodgate, include: the fish way and the water replenishing channel are arranged in parallel at the upstream and the downstream, and the upstream water inlet section is connected with the fish way and the water replenishing channel at the upstream and is movably connected with a fish guiding grid; the fishway is a slope section, wherein a first upstream gate, a plurality of partition plates and a first downstream gate are sequentially arranged in the fishway; the water replenishing channel is a slope section, a plurality of water replenishing pipes are arranged between the downstream part of the water replenishing channel and the fishway, and water replenishing pipe gates are arranged in the water replenishing pipes; and a second upstream gate, a water supplementing pipe gate control mechanism, a fish blocking weir and a second downstream gate are sequentially arranged in the water supplementing channel, and the water supplementing pipe gate control mechanism is used for controlling the opening of the water supplementing pipe gate. The utility model discloses an useful part lies in, has not only realized the perfect adaptation of ecological flow measure of leaking down and cross the fish building, has further improved the functionality of fishway engineering moreover.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of river connectivity repair engineering, specifically relate to a low water head dam fishway with ecological flow lets out function down.
Background
Under the environment of green water and electricity and ecological water and electricity, a certain ecological compensation measure is adopted to relieve the adverse effect caused by the construction of water and electricity engineering, and the standard allocation of the construction of the current water and electricity engineering is formed. In order to restore the connectivity of river channels, fishway engineering is widely adopted. Currently, ecological negative effects brought by large hydropower plants are concerned, and fishway engineering is preferentially applied to large hydropower stations with certain scales. The hydropower stations are not diversion type power stations basically, stable downward flow is provided at the downstream of a dam, the flow of a river channel is sufficient, fishes can easily go up to reach the dam site, and therefore only fish buildings need to be considered in the design process of a fishway project.
With the steady advance of ecological hydropower construction, ecological impact brought by small hydropower stations has begun to be paid attention to. In order to further restore the original ecological system of the fish habitat, a schedule is provided for a connectivity restoration project of a mountain stream small hydropower station. Different from large hydropower stations, small hydropower stations are usually diversion type hydropower stations, upstream incoming flow is basically used for generating electricity by the hydropower stations, ecological flow at a dam site is seriously insufficient or does not have an ecological flow discharge mode at all, and a long-distance water reducing river reach exists between a barrage and tail water of the diversion type hydropower stations, so that new obstruction is caused to upstream fishes. In this case, besides the design of the conventional fish passing building, the fishway construction needs to be designed, and ecological flow discharge measures need to be designed in a matching way. Therefore, how to scientifically add ecological flow drainage measures in the traditional fishway engineering becomes a key problem to be solved urgently.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above defect, the to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a low water head dam fishway with ecological flow lets down the function, satisfies the ecological flow of fishway engineering and lets down the demand.
The utility model provides a low head dam fishway with ecological flow lets out function down sets up in one side of keeping away from the diversion floodgate, include: the fish way and the water replenishing channel are arranged at the upstream and the downstream side by side, the upstream water inlet section is connected with the fish way and the water replenishing channel at the upstream side, and a fish guiding grid is movably connected with the upstream water inlet section; the fishway is a slope section, wherein a first upstream gate, a plurality of partition plates and a first downstream gate are sequentially arranged in the fishway; the water replenishing channel is a slope section, a plurality of water replenishing pipes are arranged between the downstream part of the water replenishing channel and the fishway, and water replenishing pipe gates are arranged in the water replenishing pipes; and a second upstream gate, a water supplementing pipe gate control mechanism, a fish blocking weir and a second downstream gate are sequentially arranged in the water supplementing channel, and the water supplementing pipe gate control mechanism is used for controlling the opening degree of the water supplementing pipe gate.
Preferably, a rotating system is connected to the fish guiding grid and arranged between the fishway and the water replenishing channel.
Preferably, the fish guiding grid is of a grid-shaped structure, and the maximum width of the grid is not more than 30 mm.
Preferably, the upstream water inlet section is a flat slope section.
Preferably, the second downstream gate is a stop log gate.
Preferably, the fish blocking weir is a convex structure with two sides both being arc surfaces.
Preferably, the width of the water replenishing channel is larger than the width of the fishway.
The utility model discloses an useful part lies in:
(1) guarantee the fishway function, realize ecological flow and let off down.
(2) The fishway engineering functionality is improved, and the fishway engineering downlink design is realized.
(3) Ecological flow moisturizing passageway is fully utilized, and the multimode is for the import moisturizing of fishway, strengthens fishway engineering attracting fish effect.
(4) The fishway inlet is automatically cleaned, and the operation cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the fishway of the low head dam of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the fish guiding fence for guiding fish and blocking trash;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the position of the fish guiding grid during the trash removal operation;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the fish guiding grid during the cleaning operation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a water outlet section of the refill passage;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the state of the second downstream gate at the time of the underflow fish attraction;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the state of the second downstream gate at the time of fall fish attraction;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the state of the second downstream shutter at the time of maintenance of the refill passage;
element number description:
1 upstream water inlet section
11 leading fish grid fixed end
12 fixed rod
13 lead fish fence
14 rotating system
2 fishway
21 first upstream gate
22 first downstream gate
23 baffle plate
3 Water supplement channel
31 second upstream gate
32 second downstream gate
33 water compensating pipe
331 water replenishing pipe gate control mechanism
332 water supply pipe gate
34 fish blocking weir
4 barrage
41 diversion sluice
Detailed Description
The following describes the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a low head dam fishway with ecological flow lets out function down, this fishway setting is in the one side of keeping away from diversion floodgate 41, include: the water supply device comprises an upstream water inlet section 1, a fishway 2 and a water supply channel 3, wherein the fishway 2 and the water supply channel 3 are arranged side by side at the upstream and the downstream, the heights of the wall tops and the bottom plates at the positions arranged side by side are consistent, the width of the water supply channel 3 is greater than that of the fishway 2, and the specific width is determined by the actual design water flow.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the upstream water inlet section 1 is a flat slope section, and is connected with the fishway 2 and the water replenishing channel 3 at the upstream, wherein the fish guiding grid 13 is movably connected. The fish guiding grid 13 is in particular a grid-like structure, the maximum width of the grid of which is not more than 30 mm. One end of the fish guiding grid 13 is fixedly connected with a rotating system 14, and the rotating system 14 is arranged on a shared side wall between the fishway 2 and the water replenishing channel 3. When the rotating system 14 drives the movable end of the fish guiding grid 13 to rotate to the side of the fishway 2, the fish guiding grid 13 is obliquely arranged at the water inlet of the fishway 2 and is mainly used for guiding fish and blocking dirt, the movable end of the fish guiding grid is fixed on the fish guiding grid fixed end 11 on the upstream side wall through the fixed rod 12, the length of the fixed rod 12 is the same as the width of a vertical seam between the fish guiding grid 13 and the upstream side wall, and the vertical seam is used for enabling fish to trace up to the river channel, so that the dam-crossing tracing is completed. The fish guiding grid 13 can also guide the fishes which enter the fishway engineering downwards into the water supplementing channel 3, and the fishes smoothly pass through the dam through the water supplementing channel 3, so that the functionality of the fishway engineering is improved. When the rotating system 14 drives the movable end of the fish guiding grid 13 to rotate to the water replenishing channel 3 side, the rotating system is mainly used for discharging sewage to the fish guiding grid 13, and the movable end of the fish guiding grid is fixed on the downstream wall through the fixed end 11 of the fish guiding grid.
As shown in fig. 1, the fishway 2 is a slope section in which a first upstream gate 21, a plurality of partitions 23 and a first downstream gate 22 are provided in this order. The first upstream gate 21 is arranged at the water inlet of the fishway 2 and used for blocking water in the upstream water inlet section 1 from entering the fishway 2 during maintenance. The first downstream gate 22 is disposed at the water outlet of the fishway 2, and is used for blocking water in the downstream river channel from entering the fishway 2 during maintenance. The partition 23 may be selected according to engineering characteristics.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the water replenishing channel 3 is a slope section, and a plurality of water replenishing pipes 33 are provided between the downstream and the fishway 2, and water replenishing pipe gates 332 are provided in the water replenishing pipes 33. Specifically, the water replenishing pipe 33 is arranged at the position of the fishway 2 without a partition plate to replenish water for the inside of the fishway. The water replenishing channel 3 is sequentially provided with a second upstream gate 31, a water replenishing pipe gate control mechanism 331, a fish blocking weir 34 and a second downstream gate 32, the second upstream gate 31 is arranged at a water inlet of the water replenishing channel 3 and used for working and overhauling, and the flow entering the water replenishing channel 3 is controlled by changing the opening degree of the second upstream gate 31. The second downstream gate 32 is a stop log gate, is arranged at the water outlet of the water supplementing channel 3, and is used for working and maintenance, and controls the water supplementing channel 3 to realize the auxiliary function of bypass bottom flow fish luring or bypass drop fish luring by changing the opening or stacking height of the second downstream gate 32. The water replenishing pipe gate control mechanism 331 is used for controlling the opening of the water replenishing pipe gate 332 and changing the flow capacity of the water replenishing pipe 33. The water replenishing pipe 33 can work with the second downstream gate 32 cooperatively, so that the combination mode of bypass channel bottom flow fish luring or drop fish luring and water replenishing inside the fishway is realized. Both sides of the fish blocking weir 34 are cambered surfaces, the upstream cambered surface is used for reducing the impact force of water flow, and the downstream cambered surface is used for stably discharging downwards and accelerating the upstream incoming flow to prevent fish from entering the water replenishing channel 3 from the downstream.
As shown in fig. 1, when the fishway project normally operates, the first upstream gate 21 and the first downstream gate 22 in the fishway 2 both keep a normal open state, the second upstream gate 31 in the water supplementing channel 3 adjusts the opening degree according to the ecological flow discharge requirement, the second downstream gate 32 adjusts the arrangement according to the water supplementing requirement at the inlet of the fishway 2, and the fish guiding grid 13 is fixed on the fish guiding grid fixing end 11 located at the side of the fishway 2 through the fixing rod 12. Water flow enters the upstream water inlet section 1 from the reservoir area of the barrage 4, one part of water flow enters the fishway 2, and the other part of water flow enters the water replenishing channel 3. The fishes are traced upwards to the water inlet of the fishway 2 from the downstream of the barrage 4 through the fishway 2, and are traced upwards to the river channel along the side wall under the guiding action of the fish guiding grid 13, so that the dam-crossing tracing is completed.
When the water replenishing requirement of the inlet of the fishway 2 is the bypass underflow fish luring, as shown in fig. 6, the stacking height of the second downstream gate 32 is raised to be above the water surface of the water replenishing channel 3 and the water replenishing pipe gate 332 of the water replenishing pipe 33 is closed, and then the second upstream gate 31 is opened, so that the water flow can complete the bypass underflow fish luring.
When the water replenishing requirement of the inlet of the fishway 2 is the bypass drop fish luring, the second downstream gate 32 is closed, the stacking height of the second downstream gate 32 is reduced to the drop height as shown in fig. 7, then the second upstream gate 31 is opened, and when the water surface in the water replenishing channel 3 reaches the stacking height of the second downstream gate 32, the water flow can complete the bypass drop fish luring.
When the water replenishing requirement of the inlet of the fishway 2 is for water replenishing inside the fishway, the flow in the water replenishing channel 3 is far larger than the water replenishing requirement of the inlet of the fishway 2, so that the water replenishing pipe gate 332 is firstly adjusted to a set opening degree through the water replenishing pipe gate control mechanism 331, then the second downstream gate 32 is adjusted to be in a bypass bottom flow fish luring state or a bypass drop fish luring state, and then the second upstream gate 31 is opened, so that the water replenishing inside the fishway can be completed.
When the fish guiding grid 13 needs to be cleaned, the fixing of the fixing rod 12 to the fish guiding grid 13 is firstly released, then the rotating system 14 drives the fish guiding grid 13 to rotate from the fishway 2 side to the water supplementing channel 3 side and is fixed on the fish guiding grid fixing end 11 on the downstream side, and under the impact action of water flow, the cleaning operation of the fish guiding grid 13 can be completed. After the dirt removing operation of the fish guiding grid 13 is completed, the rotating system 14 drives the fish guiding grid 13 to rotate from the water supplementing channel 3 side to the fishway 2 side, and the fixing rod 12 is used for fixing the fish guiding grid 13, so that the functions of guiding fish and blocking dirt are continuously exerted.
When needing to overhaul in the fishway 2, close first upstream gate 21 earlier, let out the completion in the fishway 2 under water and close first downstream gate 22, then can carry out the maintenance work that begins in the fishway 2. After the maintenance work is completed, the first downstream gate 22 is opened first, and then the first upstream gate 21 is opened, so that the normal operation of the fishway 2 can be recovered. When the inside of the water replenishing channel 3 needs to be overhauled, the second upstream gate 31 is closed first, after the underwater drainage in the water replenishing channel 3 is completed, the second downstream gate 32 is completely closed as shown in fig. 8, and then the internal overhaul work of the water replenishing channel 3 can be performed. When the maintenance is completed, the second downstream gate 32 is opened first, and then the second upstream gate 31 is opened, so that the normal operation of the water replenishing channel 3 can be resumed.
To sum up, compare traditional fishway engineering design, the utility model discloses an useful part lies in:
(1) guarantee the fishway function, realize ecological flow and let off down. Arrange the moisturizing passageway by traditional fishway, neither influence the structure of fishway building, guaranteed the fishway and provided the function of going upward the passageway for the fish of tracing to the upper reaches, utilized the moisturizing passageway to carry out ecological flow simultaneously and let off down.
(2) The fishway engineering functionality is improved, and the fishway engineering downlink design is realized. And arranging a water inlet of the water supplementing channel and a water inlet of the fishway side by side, and obliquely arranging a fish guiding grid at the side of the water inlet of the fishway. The fish guiding grid can guide fishes entering the fishway engineering downwards into the water supplementing channel, and smoothly pass through a dam through the water supplementing channel, so that the fishway engineering functionality is improved.
(3) Ecological flow moisturizing passageway is fully utilized, and the multimode is for the import moisturizing of fishway, strengthens fishway engineering attracting fish effect. The water replenishing channel water outlet and the fishway water outlet are arranged side by side, the auxiliary functions of bypass channel underflow fish luring and bypass channel drop fish luring can be provided for the fishway by changing the arrangement mode of the stoplog door, in addition, the water replenishing pipe arranged at the downstream can utilize the water replenishing channel to replenish water inside the fishway, the fishway inlet flow rate is directly improved, and the fish luring effect of the fishway engineering is enhanced.
(4) The fishway inlet is automatically cleaned, and the operation cost is reduced. The fish guiding grid arranged at the water inlet of the fishway engineering has the functions of guiding fish on one hand and blocking trash on the other hand. When the garbage on the fish guiding grid is too much, the rotating system for controlling the fish guiding grid can be automatically started, the fish guiding grid rotates to the side of the water supplementing channel, the water flow scouring effect is utilized, the automatic dirt cleaning of the trash rack is realized, and the running cost is reduced.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and replacements can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and replacements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a low head dam fishway with ecological flow lets out function down sets up in the one side of keeping away from diversion floodgate (41), its characterized in that includes: an upstream water inlet section (1), a fishway (2) and a water replenishing channel (3), wherein the fishway (2) and the water replenishing channel (3) are arranged in parallel at the upstream and the downstream,
the upstream water inlet section (1) is connected with the fishway (2) and the water replenishing channel (3) at the upstream, wherein a fish guiding grid (13) is movably connected;
the fishway (2) is a slope section, wherein a first upstream gate (21), a plurality of partition plates (23) and a first downstream gate (22) are sequentially arranged;
the water replenishing channel (3) is a slope section, a plurality of water replenishing pipes (33) are arranged between the downstream part of the water replenishing channel and the fishway (2), and water replenishing pipe gates (332) are arranged in the water replenishing pipes (33); and a second upstream gate (31), a water supplementing pipe gate control mechanism (331), a fish blocking weir (34) and a second downstream gate (32) are sequentially arranged in the water supplementing channel (3), and the water supplementing pipe gate control mechanism (331) is used for controlling the opening degree of the water supplementing pipe gate (332).
2. A low head dam fishway according to claim 1, characterised in that a rotation system (14) is connected to the fishway (13), the rotation system (14) being arranged between the fishway (2) and the refill channel (3).
3. A low head dam fishway according to claim 1, characterised in that the fish-guiding grid (13) is of a grid-like structure, the maximum width of the grid being not more than 30 mm.
4. A low head dam fishway according to claim 1, characterised in that the upstream water inlet section (1) is a flat slope section.
5. A low head dam fishway according to claim 1, characterised in that the second downstream gate (32) is a stack gate.
6. The low head dam fishway of claim 1, characterized in that the fish barrage (34) is a convex structure with arcuate surfaces on both sides.
7. A low head dam fishway according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the refill channel (3) is greater than the width of the fishway (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202020259698.XU CN212103956U (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2020-03-05 | Low-water-head dam fishway with ecological flow discharging function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202020259698.XU CN212103956U (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2020-03-05 | Low-water-head dam fishway with ecological flow discharging function |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116084354A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-05-09 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Water temperature and water flow regulation and control type bionic fishway system and regulation and control method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-03-05 CN CN202020259698.XU patent/CN212103956U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116084354A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-05-09 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Water temperature and water flow regulation and control type bionic fishway system and regulation and control method thereof |
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