CN212086046U

CN212086046U - Ring type permanent-magnet brake for elevator

Info

Publication number: CN212086046U
Application number: CN201821812166.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄海洋; 高颖
Original assignee: Suzhou Vocational University
Current assignee: Suzhou Vocational University
Priority date: 2018-11-05
Filing date: 2018-11-05
Publication date: 2020-12-04
Anticipated expiration: 2028-11-05

Abstract

The utility model provides an elevator ring type permanent magnet brake, which comprises a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and an electromagnet; the second permanent magnet is fixedly connected with the tractor shaft and rotates along with the tractor shaft; the electromagnet is arranged between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the elevator ring type permanent magnet brake adopts magnetic braking, so that various mechanical faults existing in mechanical braking can be effectively avoided.

Description

Ring type permanent-magnet brake for elevator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of elevator braking, in particular to an elevator ring type permanent magnet brake.

Background

The elevator brake is a key component for ensuring normal and safe operation of the elevator, and when the elevator car stops operating, the brake is braked by an internal contracting brake to keep the elevator car at a flat floor or a required position.

The traditional elevator brake comprises a drum brake, a block brake and a butterfly brake, the working principle of the traditional elevator brake is basically the same, namely when an electromagnet is electrified, a brake shoe and a brake wheel are separated (brake release) by overcoming the elastic force of a spring through electromagnetic force, and when the electromagnet is not electrified, the brake shoe is attached to the brake wheel under the action of the spring to realize braking (brake contracting).

Since the above conventional elevator brake relies on a spring to push a shoe to reset the brake, there are problems including: the failure of the spring elasticity can cause insufficient or lost braking force, the abrasion of a brake shoe causes insufficient braking force, the blockage of mechanical movement affects the braking, and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an elevator ring type permanent magnet brake, which removes mechanical parts such as springs, brake shoes and the like, can obviously reduce the failure rate of the brake and enhance the safety of the brake.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an elevator ring type permanent magnet brake comprises a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and an electromagnet;

the second permanent magnet is fixedly connected with the tractor shaft and rotates along with the tractor shaft;

the first permanent magnet provides a first magnetic field, the second permanent magnet provides a second magnetic field, and the first magnetic field attracts the second magnetic field to provide a braking force for stopping the second permanent magnet from rotating;

the electromagnet is disposed between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the electromagnet selectively provides a third magnetic field that controls an influence of the first magnetic field on the second magnetic field to control the braking force.

Preferably, the electromagnet comprises an iron core and a coil, and there is a substantially linear correspondence between the current through the coil and the magnitude of the braking force.

Preferably, the third magnetic field selectively cooperates with the first and second magnetic fields to selectively increase the braking force.

Preferably, a magnetic circuit is included, the magnetic circuit comprising a ferromagnetic material for propagating the first, second and third magnetic fields therethrough.

Preferably, a rotor fixed to the machine shaft and extending in a radial direction with respect to the machine shaft is included, and the second permanent magnet is fixed to an outer circumference of the rotor.

Preferably, a fixing frame surrounding the rotor is included, and the first permanent magnet and the electromagnet are fixed to the fixing frame.

Preferably, the polarities of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are opposite, that is, the N (or S) pole of the first permanent magnet corresponds to the S (or N) pole of the second permanent magnet.

Preferably, the second permanent magnet is separated into a plurality of permanent magnets which are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the rotor.

Preferably, the first permanent magnet is separated into a plurality of permanent magnets which are uniformly distributed around the periphery of the rotor, and the separated permanent magnets correspond to the second permanent magnets in number.

Preferably, a rotor fixed to the machine shaft and extending in a radial direction with respect to the machine shaft is included, and the rotor is the second permanent magnet.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the braking force is provided by the attraction force between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the permanent magnets can provide stable magnetic force, so that the problem of spring failure is avoided, and the brake shoe-like material contact is avoided, and the abrasion is avoided;

the brake release and the brake contracting are only controlled by the power on and off of the electromagnet, only the change of a magnetic field exists in the brake release and brake contracting process, the mechanical action in the traditional brake does not exist, the mechanical blocking fault cannot occur, and the reaction speed is higher.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an elevator ring type permanent magnet brake according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a magnetic field in a contracting brake state corresponding to fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the magnetic field in the released state corresponding to fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rotor and a second permanent magnet according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a coupling structure of the rotor and the second permanent magnet corresponding to fig. 4.

Description of reference numerals:

a first permanent magnet: 1

A second permanent magnet: 2

An electromagnet: 3

A rotor: 4, a retainer ring: 41 flange: 42

The shaft of the traction machine: 5 bond: 51

Fixing a frame: 6.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the objects, structures, features and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.

Please refer to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 5. An elevator ring type permanent magnet brake according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, includes a first permanent magnet 1, a second permanent magnet 2, an electromagnet 3, a rotor 4, a hoist shaft 5, and a fixing bracket 6.

The rotor 4 is sleeved on the tractor shaft 5, and the rotor 4 and the tractor shaft 5 are fixedly connected through a key 51 to realize synchronous rotation. The rotor 4 extends radially with respect to the machine shaft 5, where it is surrounded by a mounting frame 6.

The rotor 4 can be directly used as the second permanent magnet 2, i.e. the rotor 4 itself can be made of permanent magnet material in one piece. A combined type may also be adopted, that is, as shown in fig. 1, the rotor 4 and the second permanent magnet 2 are formed by combining, the rotor 4 is made of a non-permanent magnetic material, and the second permanent magnet 2 is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the rotor 4. The first permanent magnet 1 and the electromagnet 3 are fixed on a fixed frame 6, and the fixed frame 6 is made of ferromagnetic materials so as to facilitate the magnetic induction lines to pass through and form a magnetic loop.

The polarities of the first permanent magnet 1 and the second permanent magnet 2 are arranged in a reverse direction, namely the N pole of the first permanent magnet 1 corresponds to the S pole of the second permanent magnet 2, or the S pole of the first permanent magnet 1 corresponds to the N pole of the second permanent magnet 2, and the magnetic attraction between the first permanent magnet 1 and the second permanent magnet 2 is realized, namely the first permanent magnet 1 can generate a first magnetic field, the second permanent magnet 2 can generate a second magnetic field, and the braking effect is realized through the magnetic attraction between the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field.

The electromagnet 3 is arranged between the first permanent magnet 1 and the second permanent magnet 2, the electromagnet 3 is fixed on the fixing frame 6, and the electromagnet 3 is formed by surrounding the rotor 4 by an iron core and a coil. By passing currents of different directions and magnitudes to the electromagnet 3, the electromagnet 3 will be able to generate a third magnetic field of different magnetic field direction and magnetic force magnitude, and there is an approximate linear correspondence between the current through the coil 31 and the magnitude of the braking force. The selective provision of the third magnetic field enables control of the influence of the first magnetic field on the second magnetic field, and ultimately control of the braking force.

The specific control mode of the third magnetic field is as shown in fig. 2 and 3, when no current flows through the electromagnet 3, the N pole of the first permanent magnet 1 and the S pole of the second permanent magnet 2 attract each other, the magnetic induction line passes through the fixed frame 6 and the electromagnet 3 to form a magnetic loop, and the rotor 4 is braked under the action of the magnetic attraction force of the first permanent magnet 1 on the second permanent magnet 2, so that the brake on the tractor shaft 5 is realized. When current is selectively conducted in the coils of the electromagnet 3, the third magnetic field generated by the electromagnet 3 can magnetically shift the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field, so that the magnetic fields mutually attracted between the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field are weakened or even reduced to zero, the corresponding braking force is gradually weakened or even eliminated, and the rotor 4 is changed from the braked state to the non-braked state.

Further, the third magnetic field can selectively cooperate with the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field to selectively increase the braking force. For example, when the braking force generated by the magnetic attraction between the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field is insufficient, the third magnetic field may be caused to generate an auxiliary magnetic field capable of enhancing the magnetic attraction between the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field by changing the direction and magnitude of the third magnetic field.

As shown in fig. 4, the second permanent magnets 2 may be separated into several independent bodies, and the separated bodies are uniformly distributed around the outer circumference of the rotor 4. At this time, corresponding to the arrangement form of the second permanent magnets 2, the first permanent magnets 1 can be separated into a plurality of independent bodies which are uniformly distributed around the periphery of the rotor 4, and the separated number corresponds to the number of the second permanent magnets 2. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the bottom of the second permanent magnet is clamped in the clamping groove of the rotor 4 to realize radial fixed connection; as shown in fig. 5, the flange 42 is arranged on the edge of the upper left side of the rotor 4, one side of the second permanent magnet 2 abuts against the flange 42, and the other side is blocked by the retaining ring 41 through screw fastening, so that the rotor 4 and the second permanent magnet 2 are axially fixed and connected.

Compared with the prior art, the braking force of the elevator ring type permanent magnet brake is provided by the attraction force between the first permanent magnet 1 and the second permanent magnet 2, and the permanent magnets can provide stable magnetic force, so that the problem of spring failure is avoided, and the elevator ring type permanent magnet brake does not have the contact of materials similar to brake shoes and cannot cause abrasion.

In addition, only the change of a magnetic field exists in the brake releasing and contracting processes, the mechanical action in the traditional brake does not exist, the mechanical blocking fault cannot occur, and the reaction speed is higher.

The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the spirit and scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An elevator ring type permanent magnet brake is characterized by comprising a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and an electromagnet;

2. The elevator loop permanent magnet brake set forth in claim 1, wherein said electromagnet comprises an iron core and a coil, and wherein there is a substantially linear correspondence between the current through said coil and the magnitude of said braking force.

3. The elevator loop permanent magnet brake set forth in claim 1 wherein said third magnetic field selectively cooperates with said first and second magnetic fields to selectively increase said braking force.

4. The elevator loop permanent magnet brake set forth in claim 1 including a magnetic circuit including a ferromagnetic material for propagating the first, second and third magnetic fields therethrough.

5. The elevator loop permanent magnet brake of claim 1 including a rotor fixed to and extending radially relative to the machine shaft and having the second permanent magnet fixed to an outer periphery of the rotor.

6. The elevator ring-type permanent magnet brake set forth in claim 5 including a mounting bracket surrounding said rotor and said first permanent magnet and said electromagnet are secured to said mounting bracket.

7. The elevator ring-type permanent magnet brake set forth in claim 1, wherein said first permanent magnet is oppositely poled from said second permanent magnet, i.e., the N or S pole of said first permanent magnet corresponds to the S or N pole of said second permanent magnet.

8. The elevator ring-type permanent magnet brake of claim 5 wherein said second permanent magnet is separated into a plurality of pieces and evenly distributed around the periphery of said rotor.

9. The elevator ring-type permanent magnet brake set forth in claim 8, wherein said first permanent magnet is separated into a plurality of pieces and uniformly arranged around the periphery of said rotor, and the number of separated pieces corresponds to the number of said second permanent magnets.

10. The elevator loop permanent magnet brake of claim 1 comprising a rotor fixed to and extending radially relative to the machine shaft, and the rotor is the second permanent magnet.