CN212027663U - PDC drill bit suitable for volcanic rock stratum coring - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a PDC drill bit suitable for volcanic stratum coring, relating to the technical field of oil drilling tools; the core-taking drill bit comprises a drill bit base body and a drill bit crown part arranged on the drill bit base body, wherein a core-taking hole is formed in the center of the drill bit crown part, a plurality of blades extending outwards from the core-taking hole are arranged in the circumferential direction of the core-taking hole, cutting teeth are arranged on the blades in a mixed mode, and the cutting teeth comprise axe-shaped teeth and galloping teeth; through implementing this technical scheme, can effectively solve the technical problem that present conventional coring bit appears collapsing the tooth easily when creeping into in the volcanic stratum, adopt axe type tooth and the tooth mode of arranging of the combination of galloping tooth ingeniously, make it have very strong aggressivity, improve broken rock efficiency, can improve the mechanical drilling rate, can improve the life of drill bit in hard stratum simultaneously, have better popularization and use value.

Description

PDC drill bit suitable for volcanic rock stratum coring

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an oil drilling instrument technical field, more specifically say, relate to a PDC drill bit suitable for volcanic rock stratum coring.

Background

Cores are the most important carriers of deep subsurface geological information, whether for conventional geological exploration drilling, oil and gas well drilling, or scientific drilling to serve geological research. Therefore, how to take high quality cores under different geological conditions is always a constant subject faced by drillers.

In the nose-shaped structure of the broken and depressed east ridge of the long ridge in the south of Songliao basin in China, the mountain rocks of the camp group are contained, and the camp three sections are the interbedded layers of gray conglomerate, fine sandstone and gray mudstone; the second camp section is a mutual layer of gray gravel-containing fine sandstone, fine sandstone and dark gray mudstone; the upper part of the Yingyi section develops gray tuff and mudstone to form a mutual layer with different thicknesses, the middle part develops gray andesite and gray basalt, and the lower part develops gray andesite, tuff and gray mudstone to form a mutual layer with different thicknesses. The section of stratum has high rock hardness and extremely poor stratum drillability, and conventionally, an impregnated core bit or a natural diamond core bit is used in the section of stratum coring, but according to the practical findings of the inventor, although the PDC teeth have high hardness, the impact resistance and the thermal wear resistance are limited, when the PDC bits are drilled in hard strata and high-abrasive stratum, the rapid wear failure of the cutting teeth is easily caused, and one of the most typical failure modes is impact tooth breakage, so that the mechanical drilling speed is slow, the coring period is long, the core is soaked in the slurry for a long time, the pollution is easily caused, the harvest rate is low, and therefore, the improvement on the working efficiency of the core bit has a very important significance.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

For solving the above-mentioned technical problem who appears collapsing the tooth easily when creeping into to current conventional coring bit in the volcanic stratum, the utility model aims to provide a PDC drill bit suitable for volcanic stratum coring adopts axe type tooth and the tooth combination cloth tooth mode of rushing to ingeniously, makes it have very strong aggressivity, improves broken rock efficiency, can improve mechanical drilling rate, can improve the life of drill bit in hard stratum simultaneously, has better popularization and use value.

The utility model discloses a realize above-mentioned purpose and specifically adopt following technical scheme:

the PDC drill bit suitable for volcanic rock stratum coring comprises a drill bit base body and a drill bit crown arranged on the drill bit base body, wherein a coring hole is formed in the center of the drill bit crown, a plurality of blades extending outwards from the coring hole are arranged around the coring hole in the circumferential direction, cutting teeth are arranged on the blades in a mixed mode, and the cutting teeth comprise axe-shaped teeth and galloping teeth.

The axe-shaped teeth in the technical scheme are cutting teeth which are far away from one end of the crown part of the drill bit and protrude in an axe-shaped blade shape;

the gallop teeth in the technical scheme are cutting teeth which are far away from one end of a crown part of the drill bit and protrude in a gallop logo shape, the cutting surface of the gallop teeth is provided with three tooth ridges which extend and protrude from the middle part to the edge profile, and the three tooth ridges are uniformly distributed at equal angles along the circumferential direction of the cutting surface;

according to the technical scheme, the axe-shaped teeth and the galloping teeth are combined to form teeth, so that the ground layer can be pre-crushed by the axe-shaped teeth, the ground layer stress is released, and the rock breaking efficiency is improved; the gallop teeth have the function of graded cutting, and are matched with a unique drill bit structure, so that the gallop teeth have strong aggressivity and can improve the mechanical drilling speed; the wear-resistant drill bit is applied to volcanic rock stratum with high hardness, has high impact resistance and wear resistance, can prolong the service life of the drill bit in hard stratum, and has good popularization and use values.

Preferably, 9-12 blades are arranged on the bit crown, so that at least one row of hatchet-type teeth and/or galloping teeth is arranged evenly on each blade. According to the technical scheme, the blades are arranged along the crown of the drill bit in a mode and in a quantity so that the arrangement of the axe-shaped teeth and the galloping teeth is more uniform, the stability of the drill bit can be effectively improved, and rock breaking can be performed on stratum rocks with high hardness in the well process through the aggressive axe-shaped teeth and the galloping teeth as far as possible, and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is improved.

Preferably, the cutting teeth arranged on each blade are of the same type and are provided with at least two hatchet-type or galloping teeth. The axe-shaped teeth and the gallows teeth are arranged in a permutation and combination mode, the cutting teeth arranged in a row from the coring hole to the edge of the outline of the crown of the drill bit are of the same type, and when the drill bit is driven to drill in a moving mode, each row of axe-shaped teeth or gallows teeth can generate the same acting force, the stability of the drill bit is improved, and the impact and abrasion failure on the cutting teeth of the drill bit are effectively reduced.

As a further preference, the cutting teeth arranged on two adjacent blades are of different types, so that the blade provided with the axe-type teeth and the blade provided with the galloping teeth are arranged alternately. The pre-crushing function of the axe-shaped teeth and the grading cutting function of the galloping teeth are fully utilized, so that the drill bit has stronger aggressivity, and the mechanical drilling speed is further improved.

Preferably, the forward inclination angle of the cutting tooth ranges from 15 degrees to 20 degrees, and the height of the cutting edge ranges from 13mm to 20 mm. The rock breaking drill bit is obtained by the application of the inventor in practice, the front rake angle of the cutting tooth is designed to be 15-20 degrees, the cutting edge height is designed to be 13-20mm, the shock resistance and the abrasion resistance of the cutting tooth are guaranteed, meanwhile, the rock breaking effect is good, the energy is saved, and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is improved.

The height of the cutting edge of the cutting tooth in the technical scheme refers to the height from the top of the outward bulge of the cutting tooth to the crown of the drill bit.

Preferably, the diamond layer at the top of the axe-shaped tooth is provided with a first ridge protruding outwards, the first ridge is formed by intersecting two inclined surfaces extending upwards at the top of the axe-shaped tooth, and one ends of the two inclined surfaces, which are close to the contour edge of the axe-shaped tooth, adopt cambered surface transition. The design that the inclined plane and the cambered surface of the axe-shaped teeth are combined in a transition mode is adopted by the first ridge of the diamond layer of the axe-shaped teeth, so that the pre-crushing capacity of the axe-shaped teeth is improved, the stratum stress is relieved and released, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, and the rock breaking load of the axe-shaped teeth is reduced.

Preferably, the included angle alpha formed by the two inclined surfaces of the first ridge ranges from 130 degrees to 150 degrees; the value range of the cambered surface radius R is 15-20 mm. The cutting tool is obtained by the application of the inventor in practice, the included angle alpha of the ridge of the first tooth ridge is designed to be 130-150 degrees, the height of the blade is designed to be 13-20mm, and the cutting tool has a good rock breaking effect on different stratums and is beneficial to improving the pre-breaking capacity of the axe-shaped tooth.

Preferably, the top diamond layer of the gallop tooth is provided with a central cylinder and three second ridges, and the three second ridges are uniformly distributed from the central cylinder to the outline of the outer edge of the gallop tooth at equal angles; and a cutting surface is formed between two adjacent second tooth ridges. The galloping tooth designed in the technical scheme has a secondary cutting edge consisting of a second tooth ridge and a cutting face, the secondary cutting edge is stably supported by the central cylinder to fully realize the function of graded cutting, so that the galloping tooth has very strong aggressivity, the mechanical drilling speed of the drill bit can be improved, and meanwhile, the design of the axe-shaped tooth is combined to ensure that the drill bit has high impact resistance, so that the service life of the drill bit in a hard stratum is prolonged.

Preferably, the included angle γ formed by the two inclined surfaces of the second ridge ranges from 60 ° to 90 °, and the ridge height H of the second ridge ranges from 1 mm to 1.5 mm; the included angle beta formed by the inclined surface of the second ridge and the cutting surface ranges from 2 degrees to 5 degrees. The included angle gamma of the second tooth ridge is designed to be 60-90 degrees, the included angle H of the ridge is designed to be 1-1.5mm, the included angle beta formed by the inclined plane and the cutting surface of the second tooth ridge is designed to be 2-5 degrees, and the rock breaking effect is good for different strata, so that the grading cutting capability of the galloping tooth is improved.

Preferably, a face groove is formed between two adjacent blades, a high-pressure flow passage is formed on the inner side of the bit crown, and a chip discharge groove corresponding to the face groove is formed on the outer side of the bit crown, so that the chip discharge groove is communicated with the high-pressure flow passage corresponding to the inner side of the bit crown through the face groove. Therefore, the cutting teeth can be fully cooled and cleaned, rock debris can be taken away in time, and the phenomena of mud pocket and repeated cutting of a mud rock interlayer are avoided.

As preferred, natural diamond has been arranged to the diameter protection in the drill bit that this technical scheme provided, the quality that can effectively guarantee the rock core, does benefit to rock mechanics analysis.

As described above, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

1. the utility model discloses an axe type tooth and the tooth mode of arranging of tooth combination of rushing to move back can fully combine axe type tooth to carry out crushing function in advance and the function of the hierarchical cutting of tooth of rushing to move back to the stratum to make the drill bit have very strong aggressivity, eat into the hard stratum of volcanic rock more easily, be favorable to improving cutting efficiency, and can effectively guarantee cutting teeth shock resistance and resistance to wear, in the time of the energy saving, in order to show improvement drill bit mechanical drilling speed.

2. The utility model discloses the shape design of drill bit crown can provide the wing and be located the rational arrangement of wing cutting tooth to make the arrangement of axe type tooth and the tooth of speeding more even, be convenient for promote the stability of drill bit, formation rock to hardness height can break the rock through the axe type tooth of aggressive and the tooth of speeding as far as possible at the well in-process, forms stable cutting face, does benefit to the broken rock efficiency of improvement drill bit.

3. The utility model discloses the cutting teeth parameter after optimizing all has fine broken rock effect through adjusting the cutting teeth parameter to different stratum through the field practice gained to fully realize axe type tooth's crushing function in advance and the function of the hierarchical cutting of the tooth of speeding, release stratum stress improves broken rock efficiency, and has high shock resistance, can improve the life of drill bit in hard stratum.

4. The utility model can effectively ensure the quality of the rock core by optimizing the internal and external gauge protection of the drill bit, and is beneficial to the mechanical analysis of rock; meanwhile, the design of a face groove formed between the two blades is adopted, so that the chip discharge groove is communicated with the high-pressure flow passage, the cutting teeth can be fully cooled and cleaned, rock debris can be taken away in time, and the phenomena of mud pocket and repeated cutting of a mud rock interlayer are avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PDC drill bit suitable for coring in volcanic formations according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a PDC bit in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3A is a front view of an axe-shaped tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3B is a top view of an axe-shaped tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4A is a front view of a tooth of the present invention;

fig. 4B is a top view of a tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: 1-a drill bit base body; 2-external gauge protection; 3-bit crown; 4-chip removal groove; 5-surface groove; 6-natural diamond; 7-internal gauge protection; 8-high pressure flow channel; 9-cutting teeth; 10-axe-shaped teeth; 11-a first ridge; 111-inclined plane; 112-cambered surface; 20-gallop teeth; 21-a central cylinder; 22-a second ridge; 23-cutting face; 24-arc transition.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1

The embodiment is basically as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2: the embodiment provides a PDC drill bit suitable for volcanic formation coring, for solve volcanic formation hardness and bring the restriction for conventional coring drill bit greatly, including drill bit base member 1 and set up drill bit crown 2 on drill bit base member 1, drill bit crown 2 central point puts and has the coring hole, around having arranged a plurality of from the outside wing that extends of coring hole on the coring hole circumference, as the preferred of this embodiment, with having arranged 9-12 wings on drill bit crown 2, the design is adjusted to different areas rock stratum according to different in the actual application in the specific design quantity of wing, this embodiment regards as the volcanic of group of camp in the nose-shaped structure of dug dong mountain of mountain dui of south of Liao basin as the example, arrange the design with drill bit crown 2 wing has 12 wings, 12 wings are listed as respectively: odd blades BLD1, BLD3, BLD5, BLD7, BLD9, BLD11, and even blades BLD2, BLD4, BLD6, BLD8, BLD10, BLD 12; cutting teeth 9 are arranged on 12 blades in a mixed mode, and the cutting teeth 9 provided by the embodiment comprise an axe-shaped tooth 10 and a galloping tooth 20; so that each blade is uniformly provided with at least one row of axe-shaped teeth and/or galloping teeth; the forward rake angle of the cutting teeth 9 ranges from 15 degrees to 20 degrees, and the height of the cutting edge ranges from 13mm to 20 mm; the rock breaking drill bit is obtained by the application of the inventor in practice, the front rake angle of the cutting tooth 9 is designed to be 15-20 degrees, the cutting edge height is designed to be 13-20mm, the shock resistance and the abrasion resistance of the cutting tooth 9 are guaranteed, meanwhile, the rock breaking effect is good, the energy is saved, and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is improved.

Wherein fig. 3A shows a front view of the hatchet-type tooth 10 and fig. 3B shows a top view of the hatchet-type tooth 10; the diameter of the axe-shaped tooth 10 provided by the embodiment is 13mm, the forward inclination angle is 15 °, the diamond layer on the top of the axe-shaped tooth 10 is provided with a first ridge 11 protruding outwards, the first ridge 11 is formed by intersecting two inclined surfaces 111 extending upwards from the top of the axe-shaped tooth 10, and one ends, close to the contour edge of the axe-shaped tooth 10, of the two inclined surfaces 111 are in transition by adopting an arc surface 112, so that the first ridge 11 of the diamond layer of the axe-shaped tooth 10 is in transition combination design by adopting the inclined surfaces 111 and the arc surface 112, the pre-crushing capacity of the axe-shaped tooth 10 is favorably improved, the stratum stress is relieved and released, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, and the rock breaking load of the gallows tooth 20 is reduced.

Preferably, the included angle α formed by the two inclined surfaces of the first ridge 11 in this embodiment ranges from 130 ° to 150 °; the radius R of the cambered surface ranges from 15 mm to 20 mm. The included angle alpha of the first tooth ridge 11 is designed to be 130-150 degrees, the cutting height H2 is designed to be 13-20mm, and the anchor has a good rock breaking effect on different stratums, so that the pre-breaking capacity of the axe-shaped tooth 10 is improved.

Meanwhile, fig. 4A shows a front view of the gallop tooth 20, and fig. 4B shows a top view of the gallop tooth 20; the diameter of the gallop tooth 20 provided by the embodiment is 13mm, the forward inclination angle of the gallop tooth 20 is 17 degrees, the diamond layer on the top of the gallop tooth 20 is provided with a central cylinder 21 and three second ridges 22, the three second ridges 22 are uniformly distributed from the central cylinder 21 to the outer edge profile of the gallop tooth 20 at equal angles, and the top of each second ridge 22 adopts an arc transition 24; a cutting surface 23 is formed between two adjacent second tooth ridges 22; the galloping tooth 20 designed in the embodiment has a secondary cutting edge formed by the second ridge 22 and the cutting face 23, the secondary cutting edge is stably supported by the central cylinder 21 to fully realize the function of graded cutting, so that the galloping tooth has very strong aggressivity, the mechanical drilling speed of the drill bit can be improved, and meanwhile, the design of the axe-shaped tooth 10 is combined to ensure that the drill bit has high impact resistance, so that the service life of the drill bit in a hard stratum is prolonged.

Preferably, the included angle γ formed by the two inclined surfaces of the second ridge 22 in the embodiment ranges from 60 ° to 90 °, and the ridge height H of the second ridge 22 ranges from 1 mm to 1.5 mm; the included angle beta formed by the inclined surface of the second ridge 22 and the cutting surface 23 ranges from 2 degrees to 5 degrees; the diameter D of the central cylinder 21 ranges from 3mm to 5 mm. The included angle gamma of the second tooth ridge 22 is designed to be 60-90 degrees, the ridge height H of the second tooth ridge is designed to be 1-1.5mm, the included angle beta formed by the inclined surface of the second tooth ridge 22 and the cutting surface 23 is designed to be 2-5 degrees, and the rock breaking effect is good for different strata, and the grading cutting capability of the galloping tooth 20 is facilitated.

In addition, a face groove 5 is formed between two adjacent blades, a high-pressure flow channel 8 is arranged on the inner side of the crown 2 of the drill bit, the high-pressure flow channel 8 is specifically arranged on one side, close to the coring hole, of the drill bit, each blade is provided with an R6 high-pressure flow channel, a chip discharge groove 4 corresponding to the face groove 5 is formed in the outer side face of the crown 2 of the drill bit, so that the face groove 5 is connected with the chip discharge groove 4, the face groove 5 is communicated with the high-pressure flow channel 8 corresponding to the inner side of the crown 2 of the drill bit, therefore, the design of the face groove 5 formed between the two blades is adopted, the chip discharge groove 4 is communicated with the high-pressure flow channel 8, the cutting teeth 9 can be fully cooled and cleaned, rock debris can be taken away in.

Example two

The second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that: as a preferable scheme of the first embodiment, the present embodiment adopts that the cutting teeth 9 arranged on each blade of the drill bit crown 2 are of the same type, and at least two hatchet-type teeth 10 or galloping teeth 20 are arranged; preferably, the present embodiment takes the example of providing two axe-shaped teeth 10 or three gallows teeth 20 arranged on each blade, and the axe-shaped teeth 10 and the gallows teeth 20 are arranged in a permutation and combination manner, the cutting teeth 9 arranged on each blade extending from the coring hole to the contour edge of the bit crown 2 are of the same type, and when the drill bit is driven to drill in motion, each row of axe-shaped teeth 10 or gallows teeth 20 can generate the same acting force, so that the stability of the drill bit is improved, and the impact and wear failure on the cutting teeth 9 of the drill bit are effectively reduced.

EXAMPLE III

The third embodiment is substantially the same as the second embodiment, except that: as a preferable scheme of the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the cutting teeth 9 arranged on two adjacent blades of this embodiment are different in type, so that the blade provided with the hatchet-shaped tooth 10 and the blade provided with the gallop tooth 20 are arranged alternately, and the arrangement manner of each hatchet-shaped tooth 10 and gallop tooth 20 is as follows: 3 pieces of 13mm galloping teeth 20, 2 pieces of 13mm axe-shaped teeth 10 are respectively arranged on the BLD1, the BLD3, the BLD5, the BLD7, the BLD9 and the BLD11 blades, and 2 pieces of 13mm galloping teeth 10 are respectively arranged on the BLD2, the BLD4, the BLD6, the BLD8, the BLD10 and the BLD12 blades, so that the pre-crushing function of the axe-shaped teeth 10 and the step cutting function of the galloping teeth 20 are fully utilized, the drill bit has stronger aggressivity, and the mechanical drilling speed is further improved.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the internal gauge 7 and the crown 2 of the drill bit provided by the embodiment are provided with natural diamonds 6, so that the quality of the core can be effectively ensured, and rock mechanical analysis is facilitated.

To sum up, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the PDC drill bit suitable for coring in the volcanic rock stratum is provided, and the problems that the conventional coring drill bit is serious in cutting tooth 9 collapse loss, short in service life, low in mechanical drilling speed and the like during coring drilling in the volcanic rock stratum are mainly solved; the rock core is easier to eat into a volcanic hard stratum by optimizing the shape of the crown part, optimizing the tooth form of the cutting teeth 9 and the parameters of the cutting teeth 9, the cutting efficiency is improved, the high impact resistance is kept, the quality of the rock core is ensured by optimizing the crown part 2 of the inner drill bit, and the rock mechanical analysis is facilitated.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a PDC drill bit suitable for volcanic rock stratum is cored which characterized in that: the core-taking drill bit comprises a drill bit base body and a drill bit crown body arranged on the drill bit base body, wherein a core-taking hole is formed in the center of the drill bit crown body, a plurality of blades extending outwards from the core-taking hole are arranged around the periphery of the core-taking hole, cutting teeth are arranged on the blades in a mixed mode, and the cutting teeth comprise axe-shaped teeth and galloping teeth.

2. The PDC bit suitable for use in volcanic rock formation coring as defined in claim 1 wherein: 9-12 blades are arranged on the drill bit crown, so that at least one row of hatchet-type teeth and/or galloping teeth is uniformly arranged on each blade.

3. The PDC bit suitable for use in volcanic rock formation coring as defined in claim 2, wherein: the cutting teeth arranged on each blade are of the same type, and at least two axe-shaped teeth or galloping teeth are arranged.

4. The PDC bit suitable for use in volcanic rock formation coring as defined in claim 3, wherein: the cutting teeth arranged on two adjacent blades are different in type, so that the blade provided with the axe-shaped teeth and the blade provided with the galloping teeth are arranged in a staggered mode.

5. The PDC bit suitable for use in volcanic rock formation coring as defined in claim 1 wherein: the forward inclination angle of the cutting tooth ranges from 15 degrees to 20 degrees, and the height of the cutting edge ranges from 13mm to 20 mm.

6. A PDC bit suitable for use in volcanic rock formation coring as defined in any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the diamond layer at the top of the axe-shaped tooth is provided with a first ridge protruding outwards, and the first ridge is formed by intersecting two inclined planes extending upwards from the top of the axe-shaped tooth, so that one ends of the two inclined planes close to the outline edge of the axe-shaped tooth are in arc transition.

7. The PDC bit suitable for use in volcanic formation coring as recited in claim 6, wherein: the included angle alpha formed by the two inclined surfaces of the first tooth ridge ranges from 130 degrees to 150 degrees; the value range of the cambered surface radius R is 15-20 mm.

8. A PDC bit suitable for use in volcanic rock formation coring as defined in any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the top diamond layer of the gallop teeth is provided with a central cylinder and three second ridges, and the three second ridges are uniformly distributed from the central cylinder to the outer edge profile of the gallop teeth at equal angles; and a cutting surface is formed between two adjacent second tooth ridges.

9. The PDC bit suitable for use in volcanic rock formation coring as defined in claim 8, wherein: the included angle gamma of the ridges formed by the two inclined surfaces of the second ridges ranges from 60 degrees to 90 degrees, and the ridge height H of the second ridges ranges from 1 mm to 1.5 mm; the included angle beta formed by the inclined surface of the second ridge and the cutting surface ranges from 2 degrees to 5 degrees.

10. The PDC bit suitable for use in volcanic rock formation coring as defined in claim 1 wherein: a face groove is formed between every two adjacent blades, a high-pressure flow passage is formed in the inner side of the crown of the drill bit, and a chip discharge groove corresponding to the face groove is formed in the outer side of the crown of the drill bit, so that the chip discharge groove is communicated with the high-pressure flow passage corresponding to the inner side of the crown of the drill bit through the face groove.

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