CN212026107U

CN212026107U - Inboard ecological remediation system of breakwater

Info

Publication number: CN212026107U
Application number: CN202020045665.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 印越; 才多; 舒叶华; 陈雪初; 黄莹莹
Original assignee: Shanghai Water Engineering Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Water Engineering Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-09
Filing date: 2020-01-09
Publication date: 2020-11-27
Anticipated expiration: 2030-01-09

Abstract

The utility model discloses an inboard ecological remediation system of breakwater, include: constructing an ecological slope protection for planting saline-alkali tolerant plants on the slope surface at the inner side of the breakwater; constructing a submerged plant ecological platform for planting submerged plants on a slope protection extension section of the breakwater and a slope bottom of the slope protection; and an emergent aquatic plant ecological platform which is constructed in the deep water area at the inner side of the breakwater and used for planting emergent aquatic plants. The utility model discloses an antiscour nature is good, and structure safety, the wholeness is strong, and the efficiency of construction is high, and it is convenient to construct, is favorable to vegetation, resumes the ecosystem function.

Description

Inboard ecological remediation system of breakwater

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a hydraulic engineering technical field especially relates to an inboard ecological remediation system of breakwater.

Background

At present, in large-scale coastal development and utilization and coastal engineering construction projects, a large number of breakwaters are built in order to improve the flood prevention standard of an inner side sea pond. In order to prevent water flow and wave-crossing panning, the inner slope of the breakwater is protected by a hard protective surface, so that the interface of the dam is hardened, and the ecological function of the waterfront is lost. Meanwhile, the impermeable hard structure adopted for ensuring the safe construction of seepage blocks the free exchange of coastal water bodies, so that the self-purification capacity of coastal seawater is reduced. And the structure of the mudflat biological community is changed and the ecological diversity is threatened under the influence of comprehensive factors such as the change of regional marine environmental conditions and the like.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve lies in: aiming at the problem that the hard structure of the breakwater is damaged, the inner side ecological restoration system of the breakwater is provided.

The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve can adopt following technical scheme to realize:

an inboard ecological remediation system of a breakwater, comprising:

constructing an ecological slope protection for planting saline-alkali tolerant plants on the slope surface at the inner side of the breakwater;

constructing a submerged plant ecological platform for planting submerged plants on a slope protection extension section of the breakwater and a slope bottom of the slope protection; and

and constructing an emergent aquatic plant ecological platform for planting emergent aquatic plants in the deep water area at the inner side of the breakwater.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ecological slope protection is one of an ecological block slope protection structure, a green concrete slope protection structure or a nut block slope protection structure.

In the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment, ecological block slope protection structure comprises a plurality of monomer building blocks that closely lay side by side, and it has a plurality of ecological planting bags and one deck fritter stone to fill in proper order by lower supreme in the cavity of each monomer building block, and the cuttage has saline alkali tolerant plant on a plurality of ecological planting bags, ecological planting bag comprises the bag body and the nutrition planting soil and the water-retaining agent of loading in the bag body the domatic upper berth of ecological block slope protection structure is equipped with the three-dimensional geotechnological net of one deck.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the greening concrete slope protection structure comprises a geotextile laid on the slope inside the breakwater, a concrete layer cast on the geotextile, and a nutrient planting soil layer covered on the surface of the concrete layer, wherein a water retaining agent is added into the nutrient planting soil layer, and saline-alkali tolerant plants are planted on the nutrient planting soil layer.

In the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment, nut piece slope protection structure comprises a plurality of monomer back cover nut blocks that lay closely side by side, and the hole intussuseption of each monomer back cover nut block is filled with nutrition planting soil, and add in nutrition planting soil and have the water-retaining agent plant saline-alkali tolerant plant has been planted on the nutrition planting soil.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the submerged plant ecological platform is composed of a plurality of ecological suspension bed units arranged at intervals along the length direction of the breakwater.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ecological suspension bed unit comprises:

a plurality of concrete bases which are poured on the slope bottom at intervals;

fixing steel pipe fixing piles vertically installed on each concrete base;

the suspension bed frame is connected with the upper end of each steel pipe fixing pile through a traction rope assembly; and

the artificial planting interface comprises a polymer-based bed layer, an artificial interface ecological planting base layer and a double-layer nylon net, wherein the polymer-based bed layer, the artificial interface ecological planting base layer and the double-layer nylon net are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the emergent aquatic plant ecological platform is composed of a plurality of ecological floating island units arranged at intervals along the length direction of the breakwater.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ecological floating island unit includes:

a plurality of pile foundations which are arranged in the foundation soil at intervals, wherein the upper end of each pile foundation is exposed out of the foundation soil and then extends upwards for a certain distance;

the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the upper part of each pile foundation in a sliding manner;

a biological bed which is respectively connected with the top end of each sliding sleeve and can float on the water surface for providing the survival of aquatic animals and plants; and

a ballast mass suspended below the bio-bed.

The utility model discloses a preferred embodiment, the pile foundation is four and be the rectangle distribution, the cross section of pile foundation is circular, the pile foundation is reinforced concrete or steel construction.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an upper positioning ring and a lower positioning ring are respectively disposed at the top and the middle of the portion of each pile foundation exposed out of the foundation soil, so as to control the sliding range of the sliding sleeve.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer peripheral surfaces of the upper and lower positioning rings are respectively covered with an anti-corrosion rubber layer, and the outer cylindrical surface and the inner cylindrical surface of each sliding sleeve are respectively coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bio-based bed comprises a rectangular frame and an ecological interface body fixedly disposed in the rectangular frame.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rectangular frame is formed by welding four steel pipes, each steel pipe is filled with a light foaming material, and the joint of two adjacent steel pipes is fixed to the upper end of the corresponding sliding sleeve through a buckle.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ecological interface main body comprises an artificial planting net, an ecological planting matrix layer and a polymer matrix bed layer arranged from top to bottom in sequence, and the periphery of the artificial planting net is bound on the rectangular frame.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ballast mass body is an oyster reef mass body, which is connected to the rectangular frame through an anchor chain and is located below the ecological interface main body, and the weight of the ballast mass body is not less than the buoyancy force applied to the biological foundation bed.

The utility model discloses a preferred embodiment, will a plurality of ecological chinampa units divide into a plurality of groups according to the order in proper order, and each group includes two at least adjacent ecological chinampa units, and the biological bed of the ecological chinampa unit in each group adopts the connecting steel pipe to establish ties into wholly, the both ends of connecting steel pipe are ligatured respectively and are had a counter weight water tank, the counter weight water tank is the steel construction empty box and has seted up the inlet opening on it.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the breakwater further comprises at least one water pump assembly, the water pump assembly is used for guiding the water in the inner water area of the breakwater to the top of the slope surface of the breakwater and discharging the water through the water distribution system, and the discharged water overflows the slope surface of the breakwater and then returns to the inner water area of the breakwater to form a circulating water flow.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

1. the utility model has good erosion resistance and safe structure;

2. the utility model has the advantages of strong integrity, high construction efficiency and convenient construction;

3. the utility model does not destroy the structure of the dam and does not influence the flood control function of the dam;

4. the utility model has good landscape, is beneficial to plant growth and restores the function of the ecosystem;

5. the utility model discloses be favorable to building the microorganism habitat, start ecosystem's long-term self-healing process.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the utility model discloses an ecological block slope protection structure's schematic structure.

Fig. 3 is the utility model discloses a afforestation concrete slope protection structure's schematic structure.

Fig. 4 is the utility model discloses a nut piece slope protection structure's structural schematic.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the ecological suspension bed unit of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the ecological floating island unit of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the working state of the ecological floating island unit of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the cooperation between the pile foundation and the sliding sleeve of the ecological floating island unit of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the bio-based bed of the ecological floating island unit of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, creation features, achievement purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand and understand, the present invention is further explained by combining with the specific drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, an ecological restoration system for the inner side of a breakwater is shown, which comprises an ecological slope protection 100, a submerged plant ecological platform 200 and an emergent plant ecological platform 300.

The ecological slope protection 100 is constructed on the slope surface at the inner side of the breakwater and is used for planting saline-alkali tolerant plants. The ecological slope protection 100 may be one of an ecological block slope protection structure, a green concrete slope protection structure, or a nut block slope protection structure.

Referring to fig. 2, the ecological block slope protection structure is composed of a plurality of individual block bodies 110a which are closely laid side by side, each individual block body 110a is prefabricated by C30 plain concrete, a plurality of ecological planting bags 120a and a layer of small stones 130a are sequentially filled in a cavity of each individual block body 110a from bottom to top, saline-alkali tolerant plants 140a are inserted on the ecological planting bags 120a in a cuttage manner, each ecological planting bag 120a is composed of a bag body, nutrient planting soil and a water-retaining agent loaded in the bag body, and the water content of soil of the nutrient planting soil is guaranteed to be more than or equal to 15%. A layer of three-dimensional geonet 150a is laid on the slope surface of the ecological block slope protection structure as a measure for resisting impact and protecting soil.

Referring to fig. 3, the greening concrete slope protection structure 100b includes a geotextile 110b, a concrete layer 120b, and a nutrient planting soil layer 130 b. The geotextile 110b is laid on the slope surface at the inner side of the breakwater. The concrete layer 120b is cast on the surface of the geotextile 110b in situ, and the thickness of the concrete layer 120b is not less than 150 mm. The nutrient planting soil layer 130b covers the surface of the concrete layer 120b, the water-retaining agent is added into the nutrient planting soil layer 130b, the water content of soil materials of the nutrient planting soil is guaranteed to be more than or equal to 15%, and a small amount of water is sprayed on the surface of the soil materials during filling. Saline-alkali tolerant plants 140b are planted on the nutrient planting soil layer 130 b.

Referring to fig. 4, the nut block slope protection structure is composed of a plurality of single bottom-sealing nut block bodies 110C which are closely laid side by side, each single bottom-sealing nut block body 110C is prefabricated by C30 plain concrete, the whole height is not lower than 400mm, and the bottom thickness is not lower than 80 mm. The holes of each monomer bottom-sealing nut block body 110c are filled with nutrient planting soil 120c, and the nutrient planting soil 120c is added with a water-retaining agent, so that the soil moisture content of the nutrient planting soil is guaranteed to be more than or equal to 15%. Saline-alkali tolerant plants 130c are planted on the nutrient planting soil 120 c.

The submerged plant ecological platform 200 is constructed on a slope protection extension section and a slope protection bottom of the breakwater, and is used for planting submerged plants. Specifically, the submerged plant ecological platform 200 is composed of a plurality of ecological suspended bed units 210 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the breakwater. Referring to fig. 5, the ecological suspension bed unit 210 includes a plurality of dry concrete bases 211, a plurality of steel pipe piles 212, a suspension bed frame 213, and an artificial planting interface 214. If the dry concrete bases 211 are poured on the slope bottom at intervals. A plurality of steel pipe spud piles 212 are correspondingly fixed vertically and are installed on a plurality of dry concrete bases 211, the steel pipe spud piles 212 are made of galvanized steel pipes, and the lengths of the steel pipe spud piles can be adjusted according to the depth of water on site. The suspension bed frame 213 is connected with the upper end of each steel pipe fixing pile through a traction rope assembly 215, the suspension bed frame 213 is formed by assembling PVC water supply pipes, and the traction rope assembly 215 is composed of a fastener, a hook, a traction rope and the like. The artificial planting interface 214 is installed in the suspended bed frame 213 and used for planting submerged plants, and the artificial planting interface 214 comprises a polymer-based bed layer, an artificial interface ecological planting base layer and a double-layer nylon net which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The ecological suspension bed unit 210 adopts the liftable artificial planting interface 214 for planting the submerged plants, artificially adjusts the depth of the plants under water, overcomes the restriction of factors such as water depth and transparency on the growth of the plants, ensures the healthy growth of the submerged plants, and has the functions of purifying water quality and building landscapes.

The emergent aquatic plant ecological platform 300 is constructed in the deep water area inside the breakwater and is used for planting emergent aquatic plants. The emergent aquatic plant ecological platform 300 is composed of a plurality of ecological floating island units 310 which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the breakwater. Referring to fig. 6 to 7, the ecological floating island unit 310 includes four pile foundations 311, four sliding sleeves 312, a bio-bed 313, and a ballast mass 314.

Four pile foundations 311 are arranged in the foundation soil in a rectangular distribution at intervals, and the upper end of each pile foundation 311 extends upwards for a certain distance after exposing the foundation soil. In this embodiment, the pile diameter of the pile foundation 311 is 40cm, the length thereof is 7m, and in order to ensure that the pile foundation 311 does not expose from the water when the water level is low, the pile foundation 311 is driven to a position 5.6m below the mud surface, and the exposed mud surface is 1.4m high. The cross section of the pile foundation 311 is circular, the pile foundation can be made of reinforced concrete or steel structure, and if the steel structure is adopted as the pile foundation 311, in order to avoid corrosion of the steel structure, a layer of anti-corrosion coating is coated on the outer peripheral surface of the steel structure.

Four sliding sleeves 312 are correspondingly sleeved on the upper parts of the four pile foundations 311 in a sliding manner. In the embodiment, the sliding sleeve 312 has a diameter of 45cm and a length of 1.40m, and in order to control the sliding range of the sliding sleeve 312, an upper and a lower positioning rings (not shown) are respectively disposed at the top and the middle of the portion of each pile foundation 311 exposed out of the foundation soil, so as to prevent the sliding sleeve 312 from being separated from the limit of the pile foundation 311. Meanwhile, the outer peripheral surfaces of the upper and lower positioning rings are respectively coated with an anti-corrosion rubber layer 311a, as shown in fig. 8, so that the collision between the sliding sleeve 312 and the upper and lower positioning rings is reduced, and the service life of the sliding sleeve is prolonged. In addition, an anti-corrosion coating is coated on the outer cylindrical surface and the inner cylindrical surface of each sliding sleeve 312, so as to prevent the sliding sleeve 312 from being corroded, which affects the service life of the sliding sleeve 312.

The bio-based bed 313 is connected to the top ends of the four sliding sleeves 312, respectively, and the bio-based bed 313 can float on the water surface, which can be used for providing the survival of aquatic animals and plants. Specifically, the bio-based bed 313 includes a rectangular frame 3131 and an eco-interface body 3132 fixedly disposed within the rectangular frame 3131. The rectangular frame 3131 is formed by welding and enclosing four light stainless steel tubes 3131a with the diameter of 10cm, each steel tube 3131a is filled with a light foaming material 3131b, and the buoyancy of the bio-based bed 313 is improved. The joints of two adjacent steel tubes 3131a are fixed to the upper ends of the corresponding sliding sleeves 312 by fasteners. Referring to fig. 9, the ecological interface main body 3132 includes an artificial synthetic planting net 3132a, an ecological planting matrix layer 3132b and a polymer matrix bed layer 3132c, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the periphery of the artificial synthetic planting net 3132a is bound to the rectangular frame 3131. Emergent aquatic plants can be planted on the ecological interface main body 3132, and living spaces of aquatic animals can also be provided.

The ballast mass 314 is suspended below the bio-bed 313. In this embodiment, the ballast mass 314 is an oyster reef mass which is connected to the rectangular frame 3131 by the anchor chain 314a and is located below the ecological interface body 3132, wherein the length of the anchor chain 314a can be adjusted according to the water depth requirement. The weight of the ballast mass 314 is not less than the buoyancy to which the biological bed 313 is subjected.

In order to prevent the pile foundation from being difficult to pile due to too close distance, a proper water gap is left between two adjacent ecological floating island units 310, and the distance between the two adjacent ecological floating island units is preferably 0.5m to 1m, and preferably 0.5 m. Meanwhile, in order to improve the overall structural stability of the liftable ecological reconstruction interface restoration structure, the plurality of ecological floating island units 310 are sequentially divided into a plurality of groups, and each group comprises at least two adjacent ecological floating island units 310. In this embodiment, three adjacent ecological floating island units 310 are used as a group, the biological foundation beds 313 of the three adjacent ecological floating island units 310 are connected in series into a whole by using two connecting steel pipes 315, and a counterweight water tank 316 is respectively bound at two ends of each connecting steel pipe 315. The counterweight water tank 316 is a steel structure empty tank with the size of 1.5m multiplied by 0.3m multiplied by 1m and is provided with a water inlet hole. When the water tank is in normal operation, a certain amount of water is filled in the counterweight water tank 316, and the water inlet hole of the counterweight water tank is sealed, so that the structure is ensured to float on the water surface; in extreme conditions (e.g., typhoon), the water inlet is opened to fill the counterweight water tank 316 with water as a temporary ballast, so that the structure sinks into the water.

The utility model discloses an inboard ecological remediation system of breakwater still includes an at least water pump assembly (not shown in the figure), utilize water pump assembly to guide to the domatic top of breakwater with the water in the inboard waters of breakwater, and discharge via the water distribution system, the inboard waters of breakwater is returned to after the domatic of breakwater is flowed through to the discharged water body, form circulation rivers, can provide necessary water source for domatic vegetation growth, simultaneously the water flows through domatic back, contact with vegetation and top layer soil, can obtain purifying, thereby further improve the quality of water in the inboard waters of breakwater.

The basic principles and the main features of the invention and the advantages of the invention have been shown and described above. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that the foregoing embodiments and descriptions are provided only to illustrate the principles of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an inboard ecological remediation system of breakwater which characterized in that includes:

2. The system for restoring ecology inside a breakwater according to claim 1, wherein the ecological slope protection is one of an ecological block slope protection structure, a green concrete slope protection structure, or a nut block slope protection structure.

3. The system for ecologically restoring the inner side of a breakwater according to claim 2, wherein the ecological block slope protection structure is composed of a plurality of individual block bodies which are closely laid side by side, a plurality of ecological planting bags and a layer of small stones are sequentially filled in a cavity of each individual block body from bottom to top, saline-alkali tolerant plants are inserted in the plurality of ecological planting bags, each ecological planting bag is composed of a bag body, nutrient planting soil and a water retention agent which are loaded in the bag body, and a layer of three-dimensional geonet is laid on the slope surface of the ecological block slope protection structure.

4. The system for restoring ecology inside a breakwater according to claim 2, wherein the greening concrete slope protection structure comprises geotextile laid on the slope inside the breakwater, a concrete layer cast in situ on the geotextile, and a nutrient planting soil layer covered on the surface of the concrete layer, the nutrient planting soil layer being added with a water-retaining agent, and saline-alkali tolerant plants being planted on the nutrient planting soil layer.

5. The system for restoring ecology inside a breakwater according to claim 2, wherein the nut-block slope protection structure is formed by a plurality of single bottom-sealing nut blocks closely laid side by side, a hole of each single bottom-sealing nut block is filled with nutrient planting soil, a water-retaining agent is added into the nutrient planting soil, and saline-alkali tolerant plants are planted on the nutrient planting soil.

6. The system for ecologically remedying the inside of the breakwater as recited in claim 1, wherein the submerged plant ecological platform is composed of a plurality of ecological suspended bed units which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the breakwater.

7. The bulwark interior ecological restoration system of claim 6, wherein the ecological suspension bed unit comprises:

fixing steel pipe fixing piles vertically installed on each concrete base;

8. The system for restoring ecology inside a breakwater according to claim 1, wherein the emergent aquatic plant ecological platform is composed of a plurality of ecological floating island units arranged at intervals along the length direction of the breakwater.

9. The system for ecological remediation of the inside of a breakwater of claim 8, wherein the ecological floating island unit comprises:

a ballast mass suspended below the bio-bed.

10. The system for ecologically remedying the inside of the breakwater as recited in claim 9, wherein the pile foundations are four and are arranged in a rectangular shape, the cross section of the pile foundations is a circular shape, and the pile foundations are made of reinforced concrete or steel structures.

11. The ecological restoration system on the inner side of a breakwater according to claim 10, wherein upper and lower positioning rings are respectively provided on the top and middle portions of the portion of each pile foundation exposed out of the foundation soil to control the sliding range of the sliding sleeve.

12. The ecological restoration system for the inner side of a breakwater according to claim 11, wherein the upper and lower positioning rings are respectively covered with an anti-corrosion rubber layer on the outer circumferential surface thereof, and an anti-corrosion coating is respectively coated on the outer cylindrical surface and the inner cylindrical surface thereof of each sliding sleeve.

13. The system for ecological restoration of the inner side of a breakwater according to claim 9, wherein the bio-based bed comprises a rectangular frame and an ecological interface body fixedly arranged in the rectangular frame.

14. The ecological restoration system for the inner side of the breakwater according to claim 13, wherein the rectangular frame is formed by welding and enclosing four steel pipes, each steel pipe is filled with a light foaming material, and the joints of two adjacent steel pipes are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the corresponding sliding sleeves through buckles.

15. The system for restoring ecology inside a breakwater according to claim 14, wherein the ecological interface body comprises an artificial planting net, an ecological planting matrix layer and a polymer-based bed layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the periphery of the artificial planting net is bound to the rectangular frame.

16. The bulwark interior ecological restoration system according to claim 13, wherein the ballast mass is an oyster reef mass connected to the rectangular frame by an anchor chain and located below the ecological interface body, and the ballast mass has a weight not less than a buoyancy to which the bio-based bed is subjected.

17. The ecological restoration system on the inner side of the breakwater according to claim 8, wherein the ecological floating island units are sequentially divided into a plurality of groups, each group comprises at least two adjacent ecological floating island units, the biological beds of the ecological floating island units in each group are connected in series into a whole by connecting steel pipes, two ends of each connecting steel pipe are respectively bound with a counterweight water tank, and the counterweight water tank is a steel structure empty tank and is provided with a water inlet hole.

18. The ecological restoration system on the inner side of the breakwater according to any one of claims 1 to 17, further comprising at least one water pump assembly, wherein the water pump assembly is used for guiding the water in the water area on the inner side of the breakwater to the top of the slope surface of the breakwater and discharging the water through the water distribution system, and the discharged water overflows the slope surface of the breakwater and returns to the water area on the inner side of the breakwater to form a circulating water flow.