CN212013881U - Device for improving soil and planting grass in slope exposed sandstone area - Google Patents
Device for improving soil and planting grass in slope exposed sandstone area Download PDFInfo
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- CN212013881U CN212013881U CN202020488583.8U CN202020488583U CN212013881U CN 212013881 U CN212013881 U CN 212013881U CN 202020488583 U CN202020488583 U CN 202020488583U CN 212013881 U CN212013881 U CN 212013881U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device of grass is planted in domatic exposed sandstone district soil improvement, the device include the device body, inside from the bottom up of device body is equipped with first hole and second hole in proper order, first hole is equipped with in proper order from bottom to top protects water layer and plants the layer, the inside evaporation prevention layer that is equipped with of second hole, be the grass kind below the evaporation prevention layer. The utility model discloses a device of domatic exposed sandstone district soil improvement grass planting utilizes local convenient resource, and the exposed sandstone district soil of improvement plants vegetation in domatic exposed sandstone district with the soil after the improvement to be favorable to more exposing sandstone district's vegetation to resume. Proved through the experiment, the technical scheme of the utility model can show improvement plant germination percentage, plant height and biomass, is showing the plant growth influence.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, a device of domatic exposed sandstone district soil improvement grass planting is related to.
Background
Arsenopyrite is a unconsolidated rock formation, specifically a interbedded rock composed of thick-layer sandstone, sand shale and argillaceous sandstone in the ancient epoch (about 2.5 hundred million years) and the middle epoch, Jurassic epoch and chalky epoch. The Oridos plateau in the region bordered by Shananmeng in the north of the loess plateau is intensively distributed. Usually in pink, purple, off-white, and gray-green alternating layers. Because of its low diagenesis, poor cementation between sand grains and low structural strength, it is called "sandstone" because it is very serious in water and soil loss when it meets with water, such as mud and sand caused by wind, and it is damaged by people due to its toxicity, such as arsenic. Because the nutrient content in the sandstone area is low, the water is difficult to infiltrate, so that the treatment difficulty in the area is very high, the vegetation is difficult to survive, the coverage rate is low, particularly, the exposed sandstone area on the slope is mostly in a natural state at present, and the vegetation is not recovered.
Therefore, the traditional water and soil conservation measures for raising forest and grass are adopted to treat the slope exposed sandstone area, the fundamental effect on improving the severe ecological environment of the area is not achieved, the planted grass and trees are basically withered, and a new technology for planting grass in the slope exposed sandstone area is urgently needed to be researched. The sandy soil has loose structure, strong water permeability and poor water retention performance, can realize quick infiltration and can reduce evaporation; because the arsenopyrite contains a large amount of montmorillonite, the arsenopyrite can expand rapidly when meeting water, has good water retention and water retention properties, can be used as a natural water retention agent, and has a small infiltration coefficient. The technology utilizes the complementarity of the physical properties of the arsenopyrite and the sandy soil, compounds the sandy soil, the arsenopyrite and the organic fertilizer into the soil according to the proportion of 1:1:1, and is beneficial to the formation of a soil aggregate structure after mixing, so as to obtain the improved soil with the functions of water retention and ventilation, thereby not only ensuring the ventilation and water retention performance of the soil, but also providing the supply of nutrient elements necessary for vegetation growth. The improved soil is used as a filler and placed in the exposed sandstone, and plants and trees are planted on the improved soil to promote the vegetation to be quickly planted so as to promote the ecological environment control of the sandstone area. Make up for the lack of vegetation restoration technology in bare arsenic sandstone areas on the slope.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome the defect that exists among the prior art, provide a device that domatic exposed sandstone district soil improvement was planted grass, provide slope and be less than or equal to 45 novel domatic exposed sandstone district soil improvement kind grass device, utilize local convenient resource, the exposed sandstone district soil of structure improvement through the device, the soil after will improving plants vegetation in domatic exposed sandstone district to be favorable to more exposing the vegetation in sandstone district to resume.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a device of domatic exposed sandstone district soil improvement grass planting, includes device body 1, the inside from the bottom up of device body is equipped with first hole 2 and second hole 3 in proper order, first hole 2 is equipped with in proper order from bottom to top and protects water layer 4 and plant layer 5, the inside evaporation prevention layer 6 that is equipped with in second hole 3, prevent being 7 grass seeds below evaporation prevention layer 6.
Further, the total depth of the apparatus body 1 is 25 cm.
Further, the aperture of first hole 2 is 7cm, and the degree of depth is 20cm, the thickness of guarantor's water layer 4 is 5cm, and the thickness of planting layer 5 is 15 cm.
Further, the aperture of the second hole 3 is 15cm, the depth is 5cm, the thickness of the evaporation-proof layer 6 is 2cm, a rain collecting pit with the depth of 3cm is arranged above the evaporation-proof layer 6, and the average particle size of sand in the evaporation-proof layer 6 is larger than 0.5 mm.
Further, the grass seeds 7 are the Nemour white Chinese wildrye and the alfalfa.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses a device that domatic exposed sandstone district soil improvement planted grass utilizes local convenient resource, through the exposed sandstone district soil of design improvement of structure, plants vegetation in domatic exposed sandstone district with the soil after the improvement to be favorable to more exposing sandstone district's vegetation to resume. Proved through the experiment, the utility model discloses an use of device can show improvement plant germination percentage, plant height and biomass, and is showing the vegetation influence.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the utility model discloses a structure schematic diagram of a device for improving and planting grass in the soil of a slope exposed sandstone area;
FIG. 2: the utility model discloses a pore-forming section diagram of a device for improving and planting grass in the soil of a slope exposed sandstone area;
FIG. 3: the utility model discloses a longitudinal section view of a device for planting grass in soil improvement of a slope exposed sandstone area.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a device of grass is planted in soil improvement in domatic exposed sandstone district, includes device body 1, inside from the bottom up of device body is equipped with first hole 2 and second hole 3 in proper order, first hole 2 is equipped with in proper order from bottom to top and protects water layer 4 and plant layer 5, the inside evaporation prevention layer 6 that is equipped with of second hole 3, be grass seeds 7 below evaporation prevention layer 6.
The total depth of the device body 1 was 25 cm.
The aperture of first hole 2 is 7cm, and the degree of depth is 20cm, the thickness of guarantor's water layer 4 is 5cm, and the thickness of planting layer 5 is 15 cm.
The aperture of the second hole 3 is 15cm, the depth is 5cm, the thickness of the evaporation-proof layer 6 is 2cm, a rain collecting pit with the depth of 3cm is arranged above the evaporation-proof layer 6, and the average particle size of sand in the evaporation-proof layer 6 is larger than 0.5 mm.
The grass seeds 7 are Nemeng white sheep grass and alfalfa.
Domatic exposed sandstone district soil improvement grass planting's device is in concrete application process, including following step:
step 1, punching: the aperture requirement, top layer 0-5cm, apart from the slope border 5cm deep, in order to play the effect of collecting the rainwater, utilize the soil auger of diameter 15cm to punch, under this aperture, the rainwater of collecting is enough to plant the layer and protect the water layer to store. And the depth of 5-25cm, taking into account the hardness degree of arsenicum Sablimatum and the initial root growth of Chinese wildrye and alfalfa, and drilling with an earth auger with the diameter of 7 cm.
step 4, planting grass seeds: firstly, fully and uniformly mixing seeds with PAMN solution with the solution concentration of 10% at night before planting, then drying the seeds on plastic cloth in the air to form a layer of water-retaining agent film on the surfaces of the seeds, then sowing, uniformly watering the seeds before sowing to saturate the soil moisture, then uniformly spreading the seeds on the surfaces, covering an evaporation-proof layer on the seeds, and not performing moisture management during seedling emergence;
step 5, laying an evaporation-proof layer: the grit is uniformly spread in the holes with the aperture of 15cm, because the seeding depth can significantly affect the time of emergence and the rate of emergence, the rate of emergence is the highest, and the seeding depth with the shortest time of emergence is 0-2 cm. And determining the laying thickness of coarse sand of the evaporation-proof layer to be 2cm according to the seed germination requirements and the evaporation-proof effect.
In the step 4, the grass seeds are the Nemour white Chinese wildrye and the alfalfa.
In the step 4, the row spacing 8 of sowing and planting is 30cm, and the plant spacing 9 is 20 cm.
Example 1
In a warm water rural area and autumn ditch test station in inner Mongolia of 2018 and 6 months, a small evaporation measuring device (a PVC pipe with the inner diameter of 15cm and the length of 30cm) is used for taking 20cm of original-state sandstone soil, and a space of 10cm is reserved above the original-state sandstone soil. According to the utility model discloses an operation order, beat diameter 7cm earlier in the middle of the earth pillar, degree of depth 20 cm's hole will protect water layer and plant the layer and accomplish according to utility model requirement and load. And finally, paving coarse sand with the thickness of 2cm in a 10cm PVC pipe reserved above, wherein the coarse sand is sand sieved by a 0.55mm sieve. After the excess PVC pipe at the upper end is cut off, a small amount of water is added from the surface for many times until the water flows out from the bottom. When the flow of water stops, each column is bottomed with a PVC plate. In order to conveniently take out and weigh each time, the outer side of the evaporation device is tightly wrapped in a wrapping sleeve made of a PVC pipe with the inner diameter of 20cm, and then the evaporation device is integrally placed in undisturbed soil, and the upper surface of the evaporation device is guaranteed to be flush with the surface of the undisturbed soil.
Comparative example 1
The small evaporation measuring apparatus of comparative example 1 had two surface treatments, one surface was not covered with sandy soil and one surface was covered with fine sandy soil of 2cm and had a particle size of < 0.55mm, and the other steps were the same as in example 1.
The evaporation apparatuses of example 1 and comparative example 1 were weighed at 5 pm every day from 11/6/7/10/2018, soil moisture evaporation was dynamically monitored, and the evaporation prevention effect of the evaporation prevention layer was analyzed. In example 1, the cumulative evaporation amount of the coarse sand subjected to the evaporation prevention treatment was reduced by 54% in comparison with that of the coarse sand subjected to the evaporation prevention treatment of 6.5 cm. The evaporation amount of the fine sand particles covered with 2cm on the surface was 4.2cm, which was reduced by 35%, but the evaporation prevention effect was inferior to that of the coarse sand particles covered with 2 cm. Therefore, the soil moisture evaporation is obviously reduced after the coarse sand evaporation prevention layer is treated, the soil moisture retention effect is obvious, especially, the covering effect of coarse sand grains is better, the germination rate of grass seeds is highest when the planting depth is 0-2cm, and the germination time is shortest, therefore, the utility model discloses the evaporation prevention layer of coarse sand of 2cm is preferably covered.
Example 2
13/5/2018, in Yangling soil conservation research institute test field, 1m × 1m, 25cm highAnd carrying out a simulation experiment by using the soil testing tank. Crushing arsenicum sablimatum by a crusher, wherein the particle size of the crushed arsenicum sablimatum is less than 2mm, loading the crushed arsenicum sablimatum into an earth tank with a depth of 20cm, packing the crushed arsenicum sablimatum in 4 layers, compacting the crushed arsenicum sablimatum by an iron hammer in each layer, wherein the bulk density of the crushed arsenicum sablimatum is close to that of the crushed arsenicum sablimatum, and is 1.80g/cm3A hole with the diameter of 6cm is drilled on a arsenopyrite layer according to the requirements of the utility model, after a 5cm water-retaining agent PAMN is firstly filled, arsenopyrite, aeolian sandy soil, organic fertilizer and improved soil in a ratio of 1:1:1 are filled, and the arsenopyrite is compacted and filled in layers, and the upper end of the arsenopyrite layer is level to the surface of the arsenopyrite layer. Slowly adding water for multiple times until water flows out of the water discharge hole at the bottom, and sowing 20 seeds of Chinese wildrye and 10 seeds of alfalfa on the improved soil surface after the water flow stops. Cover 2 cm's coarse sand at last, obtain the utility model discloses simulation improvement soil resumes the vegetation mode, record the quantity of sprouting after 10 days, and the final singling after 20 days, two nearly chinese wildrye grass of growth situation and two alfalfa were selected to every soil box. Each treatment was repeated 5 times. Watering and fertilizing management are not carried out in the growth process. The germination rate and growth condition of grass seeds are monitored.
Comparative example 2
The soil tank of the comparative example 2 does not need to be perforated and improved, and the current situation of filling arsenic sandstone is kept. The other steps were the same as in example 2.
In 2018, 5 and 23 months, statistical analysis is carried out on the germination rates of the grass seeds in the example 2 and the comparative example 2, and the results show that the germination rates of the alfalfa in the example 2 are 90 percent and the germination rate of the aegilops tauschii is 88 percent, and the germination rates of the aegilops tauschii are 82 percent, are not significantly different from those of the alfalfa in the comparative example 2. However, the growth conditions in the later period are remarkably different, and the plants are harvested after monitoring when the biomass and the plant height reach the maximum by 8 months and 13 days. The plant heights are shown in the way that the alfalfa plant height in the example 2 is 43.2cm, the Chinese wildrye plant height is 38.3cm, and the plant heights are 53.7 percent and 56.3 percent higher than the alfalfa plant height in the comparative example 2 and the Chinese wildrye plant height is 24.5cm respectively. The biomass is represented by 12.3g of alfalfa and 8g of white fescue in example 2, which are 61.5% and 48.1% higher than 7.8g of alfalfa and 5.4g of white fescue respectively in comparative example 2. Through to soil layer layering analysis root system distribution condition discovery, the example 2 root system has grown to soil tank bottom to extend all around, and the comparative example 2 root system mainly distributes in top layer 10cm, and horizontal extension is also less than the example. Through comparative analysis of germination rate, plant height, biomass and root growth conditions of the seeds in the example 2 and the comparative example 2, the plant height and biomass of the plants can be obviously improved by arsenic sand soil treatment, and the influence on the growth of the plants is obvious.
Example 3
18 in 2019, including Mongolian standard flag warm water countryside sabal big ditch head, the slope is 45 bare arsenic sand slope, utilizes the technical method of the utility model to plant the grass demonstration, utilizes the soil drill of diameter 15cm to punch, apart from downhill path degree of depth 5cm, utilizes the soil drill of diameter 7cm to punch in the hole central authorities in 15cm aperture, and degree of depth 20cm, total degree of depth 25cm after two kinds of processing. 7cm downthehole at first fills 5cm moisture saturation's PAMN water-retaining agent, then according to the utility model discloses pack improvement soil, until keeping level with 15cm aperture bottom, slowly add water many times until the top layer has ponding to keep 10 minutes, treat that top layer moisture infiltrates the back completely, broadcast at improvement soil surface and sow 10 grass seeds, each 5 of white chinese wildrye and alfalfa. And fully and uniformly mixing the seeds with PAMN solution with the solution concentration of 10% at night before planting, and then drying the seeds on plastic cloth to form a layer of water-retaining agent film on the surfaces of the seeds. After the seeds were sown, coarse sand with a thickness of 2cm was covered. Watering and fertilizing management are not carried out in the growth process. The germination rate and growth condition of grass seeds are monitored.
Comparative example 3
The soil of comparative example 3 was not improved, and arsenopyrite was filled in the hole, and the surface layer was directly paved with 2cm deep arsenopyrite without anti-evaporation treatment. The other steps were the same as in example 3.
In 2019, 6 and 28 months, statistical analysis is carried out on the germination rates of the grass seeds in the example 3 and the comparative example 3, and the germination rates of the alfalfa in the example 3 are found to be 86 percent and the germination rate of the aegilops tauschii is 85 percent, which are obviously improved by 48.3 percent and 70 percent compared with the germination rates of the alfalfa in the comparative example 3, which are 58 percent and the germination rate of the aegilops tauschii is 50 percent, which indicates that the germination rates of the aegilops tauschii and the alfalfa are obviously improved by soil improvement, and the germinated quality of the comparative example 3 is not too high due to the influence of covering arsenopyrite, and is mostly. And (4) monitoring and harvesting when the biomass and the plant height reach the maximum by 18 days after 8 months. The plant heights are shown in the fact that the alfalfa plant height in example 3 is 39.3cm, the Chinese wildrye plant height is 36.2cm, and the plant heights are 48.3% and 66.1% higher than the alfalfa plant height in comparative example 3 and the Chinese wildrye plant height in 21.8cm respectively. The biomass is represented by 16.5g of alfalfa and 12.2g of white fescue in example 3, which are 79.3% and 62.7% higher than 9.2g of alfalfa and 7.5g of white fescue respectively in comparative example 3. Through the comparative analysis to growth conditions such as germination percentage, plant height and biomass of example 3 and comparative example 3, can understand that the utility model provides a soil improvement and water retention prevent evaporating treatment can show improvement plant germination percentage, plant height and biomass, and is showing to plant growth influence.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can obviously obtain simple changes or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a device of domatic bare sandstone district soil improvement grass planting which characterized in that: including device body (1), inside from the bottom up of device body is equipped with first hole (2) and second hole (3) in proper order, first hole (2) are equipped with in proper order from bottom to top and protect water layer (4) and plant layer (5), second hole (3) inside is equipped with anti-evaporation layer (6), be grass (7) below anti-evaporation layer (6).
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the device for improving and planting grass on the soil in the slope exposed sandstone area is characterized in that: the total depth of the device body (1) is 25 cm.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the device for improving and planting grass on the soil in the slope exposed sandstone area is characterized in that: the aperture of first hole (2) is 7cm, and the degree of depth is 20cm, the thickness of guarantor's water layer (4) is 5cm, and the thickness of planting layer (5) is 15 cm.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the device for improving and planting grass on the soil in the slope exposed sandstone area is characterized in that: the aperture of the second hole (3) is 15cm, the depth is 5cm, the thickness of the evaporation-proof layer (6) is 2cm, a rain collecting pit with the depth of 3cm is arranged above the evaporation-proof layer (6), and the average particle size of sand in the evaporation-proof layer (6) is larger than 0.5 mm.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the device for improving and planting grass on the soil in the slope exposed sandstone area is characterized in that: the grass seeds (7) are Nemour white Chinese wildrye and alfalfa.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111328641A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-26 | 西北农林科技大学 | Device and method for improving and planting grass in soil of slope exposed sandstone area |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111328641A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-26 | 西北农林科技大学 | Device and method for improving and planting grass in soil of slope exposed sandstone area |
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Granted publication date: 20201127 |