CN211990922U - Aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mould - Google Patents
Aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mould Download PDFInfo
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- CN211990922U CN211990922U CN202020415153.3U CN202020415153U CN211990922U CN 211990922 U CN211990922 U CN 211990922U CN 202020415153 U CN202020415153 U CN 202020415153U CN 211990922 U CN211990922 U CN 211990922U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an aluminium base powder metallurgy composite material track traffic brake disc mould, includes mould, drawing of patterns post and lower mould, go up the interior upper film chamber of mould and the lower mould chamber of lower mould constitute confined die cavity, go up the die cavity and include a plurality of heat dissipation muscle die cavities of laying according to brake disc design requirement, heat dissipation muscle die cavity is equipped with the heat dissipation muscle drawing die angle of the drawing of patterns of being convenient for on the position that corresponds heat dissipation muscle top all around, go up the mould and be equipped with the exhaust hole with heat dissipation muscle die cavity intercommunication in the position that every heat dissipation muscle die cavity corresponds, upward be equipped with a plurality of drawing of patterns holes with last die cavity intercommunication, the downthehole drawing of patterns post of installing length and being greater than the drawing of patterns hole degree of depth, when drawing of patterns state, drawing of patterns post and last mould reverse action for drawing of patterns post is pressed into the interior brake disc that pushes up. The utility model discloses the volume of the follow-up machine tooling of brake disc of preparation is few, and reducible machine adds the cost and reaches 80 ~ 90%, also improves greatly during processing, has greatly improved the production efficiency of brake disc.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the track traffic brake disc preparation, specifically an aluminium base powder metallurgy combined material track traffic brake disc mould.
Background
The energy conservation and consumption reduction have very important significance on environmental protection, and in the field of rail transit, iron metal materials such as cast iron and cast steel adopted by the traditional brake disc have the defects of high density, easy occurrence of thermal cracking and the like. Therefore, the brake disc is prepared from the high-performance light metal material, so that the weight of the vehicle body can be reduced, the dynamic performance can be improved, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved. However, at present, the domestic lightweight brake disc is monopolized completely abroad, and is very unfavorable for the long-term development of China. Therefore, the preparation of lightweight rail transit brake discs is imminent.
The aluminum-based composite material has a series of advantages of small density, good thermal stability and the like, can greatly improve the strength particularly when ceramic particles are used as a reinforcement, and is expected to become a material of a new generation of rail transit brake disc. Research on aluminum matrix composite brake discs has been carried out in germany, japan, and the like, but the casting method used in the brake discs is difficult to avoid the problems of air holes, defects, and the like, and the ceramic particle content in the composite material is difficult to break through the upper limit of 20%, so that the wear resistance is difficult to greatly improve, and the brake requirements of higher-speed trains cannot be met.
The use of powder metallurgy (i.e. powder mixing-cold pressing-sintering) can increase the content of ceramic particles to meet the use requirements of brake discs, but the powder metallurgy is usually used for preparing small-size products, and the defects of poor uniformity, cracks, fracture and the like can occur when preparing products with larger sizes such as brake discs. And the complicated shape of the heat dissipation ribs added by the machine at the later stage can also lead to the great increase of the production cost. Therefore, a near net forming hot pressing process is added, so that the compactness of the material is hopefully increased, cracks are reduced, the shape of the radiating rib is directly formed, and the cost is reduced. However, the aluminum-based composite material is loose and porous after being sintered, and the forming difficulty of the heat dissipation ribs is high, so that how to design a die and improve process parameters in a hot pressing process to prepare the aluminum-based composite material rail transit brake disc forming body which is free of defects, good in uniformity, complete in forming and close to net size is a problem to be solved urgently.
Chinese patent (application number: CN201310692416.X) discloses a production method and a forging die for a high-speed train brake disc, and particularly discloses a method for preparing a train brake disc from 23CrNiMoV round steel through upsetting, rolling, forging and machining and a design of the forging die. However, the forging die and the parameters are not suitable for loose and porous aluminum matrix composite sintered blanks, and the top ends of the heat dissipation ribs are lost.
Chinese patent (application number: CN201710861063.X) discloses a preparation method of an aluminum matrix composite brake disc, and specifically discloses a brake disc made of pure aluminum as a matrix, BN powder and MoS2The powder and the titanium-plated diamond micro powder are taken as reinforcement bodies, and the brake disc is obtained by ball milling, pressing preforming and hot-pressing sintering. The hot pressing of the method is only to press a green body with a horizontal surface, and the subsequent machining cost is high. And the mould is not suitable for pressing the shape of the radiating rib, and the pressing temperature is high, thus being not beneficial to energy conservation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses to the problem that exists in application trend and the current aluminium base composite brake disc preparation technique of aluminium base composite brake disc in the lightweight is equipped to the track traffic, provide one kind and coldly press and sintering back body homogeneity good, inside flawless, the machining volume is few, aluminium base powder metallurgy composite track traffic brake disc mould with low costs.
The utility model comprises the following embodiments:
a mould for the brake disk of track traffic is composed of an upper mould connected to the upper press head of press, a demoulding column, and a lower mould connected to the lower press head of press, the upper film cavity in the upper die and the lower die cavity in the lower die form a closed die cavity, the upper film cavity comprises a plurality of radiating rib die cavities arranged according to the design requirement of a brake disc, the heat dissipation rib cavity is provided with heat dissipation rib draft angles convenient for demoulding at the positions corresponding to the periphery of the top of the heat dissipation rib, the upper die is provided with exhaust holes communicated with the radiating rib cavities at the positions corresponding to the radiating rib cavities, the upper die is provided with a plurality of demoulding holes communicated with the upper die cavity, the demoulding holes are internally provided with demoulding columns with the length being larger than the depth of the demoulding holes, and when in a demoulding state, the demoulding column and the upper die reversely act, so that the demoulding column is pressed into the demoulding hole to press and form the moulded brake disc.
When the method is adopted, firstly, the female die is kept fixed, the upper pressure head of the press releases pressure, the lower pressure head pressurizes, the lower die, the brake disc in the die cavity, the upper die, the upper pressure plate and the upper pressure head are driven to rise together at the speed of 1-3 mm/s, and the sample stops moving 25-30mm away from the female die, and the core column moves upwards along with the sample in the process. And then the lower pressure head drives the lower die to move downwards at the speed of 3-5 mm/s for 20-30mm, and the brake disc is remained in the die cavity of the upper die due to the large friction force at the radiating ribs of the brake disc, so that the lower die is separated from the sample. The upper pressure head inner material-beating oil cylinder drives six demoulding columns to be ejected downwards by 5mm together, and the aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc forming body is completely separated from the mould through the combined action of the heat dissipation rib drawing angle and the demoulding columns, and the size difference value between the forming body pressed by the mould and the finished product specified by a drawing is measured to be within 0.8%. Therefore, the amount of subsequent machining is extremely small, the machining cost can be reduced by 80-90%, the machining time is greatly prolonged, and the production efficiency of the brake disc is greatly improved.
In this embodiment, the heat dissipation rib die cavity uses last mould center pin to divide into the multiunit as the center, every group in the heat dissipation rib die cavity group the arrangement of heat dissipation rib die cavity is the same, every group the both ends of heat dissipation rib die cavity are equipped with the protruding die cavity of heat dissipation rib tip, every group at least three in the heat dissipation rib die cavity group the middle part of heat dissipation rib die cavity is equipped with the protruding die cavity in heat dissipation rib middle part, the protruding die cavity in heat dissipation rib tip and the protruding die cavity in heat dissipation rib middle part set up on same and brake disc axis vertically plane, the protruding die cavity in heat dissipation rib tip makes the heat dissipation rib both ends after the shaping along radial outside protruding, the protruding die cavity in heat dissipation rib middle part makes the heat dissipation rib middle part after the shaping along.
In the embodiment, the heat dissipation rib cavity is provided with an exhaust hole at the position of the protruding cavity at the end part of each heat dissipation rib, and the exhaust hole is phi 1-4 mm, preferably 2 mm. Because the numerous and heat dissipation muscle die cavity of brake disc heat dissipation muscle quantity is narrow little, the aluminium matrix composite of powder metallurgy preparation is loose porous again, easily because of exhaust bad, the material flows unsmooth when hot pressing and can't the shaping, through the exhaust hole at the protruding die cavity of heat dissipation muscle tip, can guarantee to discharge the gas in the die cavity smoothly during the suppression, the complete heat dissipation muscle die cavity of filling, it is little to design the trompil diameter simultaneously, the material can't flow in the aperture, can not lead to the hole to block up.
In this embodiment, go up and be fixed with the upper die cover plate on the mould, go up the components of a whole that can function independently design of mould and upper die cover plate and be for conveniently changing single part independently to save cost of maintenance, the upper die cover plate is fixed on the pressure head on the press, the upper die cover plate is provided with the through-hole that the diameter is greater than the demolding hole on the upper die demolding hole corresponds the position coaxial, the demolding post is T type demolding post, the head end diameter of T type demolding post with through-hole diameter phase-match, tail end diameter and demolding hole diameter phase-match. The demoulding column is controlled by an independent knockout oil cylinder and can be independent of the action of the upper die, so that when in a demoulding state, the demoulding column and the upper die reversely act to press the demoulding column into a brake disc formed by pressing in a demoulding hole, and the demoulding column is designed into a T-shaped demoulding column, so that the distance between the demoulding column and the upper die cavity is conveniently controlled, and the product is prevented from being damaged.
In this embodiment, be equipped with the air guide groove on going up the mould, the air guide groove includes two first air guide grooves of circular shape and many second air guide grooves along radially arranging, two first air guide groove will set up the exhaust hole intercommunication on the protruding die cavity of heat dissipation muscle tip respectively, second air guide groove is with first air guide groove and last mould side UNICOM. The first air guide groove is used for communicating all the air exhaust holes in the same diameter range, and the second air guide groove is used for communicating the first air guide groove from the side surface of the upper die, so that the air exhaust holes are prevented from being blocked after the upper die cover plate is installed on the upper die.
In this embodiment, the demolding hole is correspondingly disposed at the position of the protruding cavity in the middle of the heat dissipation rib, and is communicated with the protruding cavity in the middle of the heat dissipation rib.
In this embodiment, the heat dissipation rib draft angle is 1.5 ° to 7 °, and the heat dissipation rib draft angle is preferably 4 °.
In this embodiment, the lower mould middle part is equipped with the stem, the stem is the activity stem, the middle part of going up mould and lower mould is equipped with the stem hole that corresponds with the stem, the stem is in from lower mould bottom cartridge the stem hole of lower mould is downthehole, the back that the stem cartridge targets in place, the stem passes through axial stop device spacing on the lower mould, just the top of stem is downthehole in inserting the stem of mould, the lateral wall of stem respectively with the stem hole inner wall sliding connection of last mould and lower mould, the stem is by independent lower cylinder control axial displacement. By adopting the structure, when demoulding, the core column moves upwards along with the brake disc forming body due to friction force, after the female die is removed, the core column is driven by the lower air cylinder to move downwards by 5-10mm at the speed of 3-5 mm/s, then the core column is driven by self weight to return to the original position of the pressing machine and is separated from the brake disc forming body, then the lower pressing head drives the lower die to move downwards by 20-30mm at the speed of 3-5 mm/s, so that the lower die is separated, the core column of the lower die is designed to be movable, sectional demoulding is realized, the friction force of the brake disc forming body on the lower die in the demoulding process is reduced, the demoulding difficulty of the lower die is reduced, and.
In the embodiment, the distance between the core column and the upper die is 0.3-1.0 mm, preferably 0.7 mm. The gap provided facilitates the flow and shaping of the material.
In the embodiment, the part of the core column in the upper film cavity and the lower film cavity is provided with a 3-8-degree outward core column draft angle, and the outward core column draft angle is preferably 4 degrees. The design of heat dissipation muscle draft angle and stem draft angle reduces frictional force on the one hand, and the drawing of patterns of being convenient for has the damage to the product when avoiding the drawing of patterns simultaneously, and on the other hand can reduce the forming pressure when suppressing, makes it can the shaping under less pressure.
The mold can be used for pressing a track traffic brake disc forming body with complete heat dissipation rib shapes and shapes. The difference value of the dimension of the formed body pressed by the die and the dimension of the finished product specified in the drawing is measured to be within 0.8 percent. Therefore, the amount of subsequent machining is extremely small, the machining cost can be reduced by 80-90%, the machining time is greatly prolonged, and the production efficiency of the brake disc is greatly improved.
In conclusion, the mold for manufacturing the brake disc is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, high in yield and low in equipment requirement, can be applied to manufacturing of brake discs of rail transit in various shapes, and can be used for industrial large-scale continuous production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the present mold.
Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the upper die of the die.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the upper die of the present die.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of fig. 3A.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at fig. 2E-E.
In the figure: 1-female die; 2-upper mould; 21-heat dissipation rib cavity; 22-a protruding cavity at the end part of the radiating rib; 23-a raised cavity is arranged in the middle of the radiating rib; 24-a demolding hole; 25-vent hole; 26-a gas guide groove; 3-an upper die cover plate; 4-a stripping column; 6-core column; 7-lower die.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the embodiments, however, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the protection scope of the present invention also relates to the equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art according to the inventive concept.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-5, an aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc die comprises a female die 1, an upper die 2, an upper die cover plate 3, a demoulding column 4 and a lower die 7, wherein the upper die 2 and the lower die 7 are arranged in the female die 1, the upper die cover plate 3 is fixed on an upper pressure head of a press through a bolt and is connected with the upper die 2 below through a fastener, and the lower die 7 is connected with a lower pressure head of the press through a bolt.
The upper film cavity comprises a plurality of radiating rib cavities 21 arranged according to the design requirement of a brake disc, the radiating rib cavities 21 are divided into a plurality of groups by taking an upper mold center shaft as the center, the radiating rib cavities in each group of radiating rib cavity groups are arranged in the same mode, two ends of each group of radiating rib cavities 21 are provided with radiating rib end part protruding cavities 22, the middle parts of at least three radiating rib cavities in each group of radiating rib cavity groups are provided with radiating rib middle part protruding cavities 23, the radiating rib end part protruding cavities 22 and the radiating rib middle part protruding cavities 23 are arranged on the same plane vertical to the axis of the brake disc, the radiating rib end part protruding cavities 22 enable two ends of a formed radiating rib to protrude outwards along the radial direction, the radiating rib middle part protruding cavities 23 enable the middle parts of the formed radiating ribs to protrude outwards along the radial direction, and the radiating rib cavities are provided with an exhaust hole 25 at the position of each radiating rib end part protruding cavity, the upper die is provided with an air guide groove 26, the air guide groove 26 comprises two first circular air guide grooves and a plurality of second air guide grooves which are arranged along the radial direction, the first air guide grooves are communicated with exhaust holes formed in the protruding cavity at the end part of the heat dissipation rib respectively, and the second air guide grooves are communicated with the side surface of the upper die.
The heat dissipation rib die cavity is provided with a heat dissipation rib draft angle convenient for demoulding at the position corresponding to the periphery of the top of the heat dissipation rib, and in the embodiment, the heat dissipation rib draft angle is 4 degrees.
The upper die 2 is provided with a plurality of demoulding holes 24 communicated with the upper die cavity, and the demoulding holes 24 are correspondingly arranged at the positions of the middle protruding die cavities 23 of the heat dissipation ribs and communicated with the middle protruding die cavities 23 of the heat dissipation ribs.
An upper die cover plate 3 is fixed on the upper die 2, a through hole with the diameter larger than that of the upper die stripping hole is coaxially arranged at the position, corresponding to the upper die stripping hole, of the upper die cover plate 3, the stripping column 4 is a T-shaped stripping column, the diameter of the head end of the T-shaped stripping column is matched with that of the through hole, the diameter of the tail end of the T-shaped stripping column is matched with that of the stripping hole, the stripping column 4 is controlled to axially move by an independent material-beating oil cylinder, and the stripping column and the upper die reversely act in a stripping state to enable the stripping column to be pressed into the stripping hole to jack the molded brake disc.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1 to 5, the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a core column hole is formed in a position corresponding to a brake disc shaft hole in the middle of an upper mold 2 and a lower mold 7 in the present embodiment, a core column 6 is installed in the core column hole, the core column 6 is inserted into the core column hole from the bottom of the lower mold, after the core column 6 is inserted into a lower mold cavity, the bottom of the core column 6 is limited on the lower mold 7 by an axial limiting device, the top of the core column 6 is inserted into the core column hole of the upper mold 2, the side wall of the core column 6 is respectively connected with the inner walls of the core column holes of the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 7 in a sliding manner, the core column 6 is controlled by an independent lower cylinder to move axially, and the gap between the upper mold 2 and the. And the part of the core column 6 in the upper film cavity and the lower film cavity is provided with a 4-degree outward core column drawing angle.
The specific demolding procedure in example 2 was as follows:
firstly, keeping the female die 1 still, releasing pressure of an upper pressure head of the press, pressurizing a lower pressure head, driving a lower die, a brake disc in a die cavity, an upper die, an upper pressure plate and the upper pressure head to rise together at the speed of 1-3 mm/s, and stopping when a sample leaves the female die by 25-30mm, wherein a core column moves upwards along with the sample in the process. Then the lower die is kept fixed, the core column is driven by the lower cylinder to move downwards by 5-10mm at the speed of 3-5 mm/s, and then the core column is driven by self weight to return to the original position of the press and is separated from the brake disc. And then the lower pressure head drives the lower die to move downwards at the speed of 3-5 mm/s for 20-30mm, and the brake disc is remained in the die cavity of the upper die due to the large friction force at the radiating ribs of the brake disc, so that the lower die is separated from the sample. And the upper pressure head inner material-beating oil cylinder drives the six demoulding columns to be ejected downwards by 5mm together, and the brake disc is ejected out through the demoulding columns 4 to be ejected out of the upper die 2. The demoulding mode can furthest prevent the blank from being torn in the demoulding process, the defects of unfilled corners or fracture and the like occur, and simultaneously, the surface of a separated product is smooth without secondary processing.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and variations can be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an aluminium base powder metallurgy composite material track traffic brake disc mould which characterized in that: the brake disc demoulding device comprises an upper die, demoulding columns and a lower die, wherein an upper die cavity in the upper die and a lower die cavity in the lower die form a closed die cavity, the upper die cavity comprises a plurality of radiating rib die cavities arranged according to the design requirements of a brake disc, radiating rib die corners convenient for demoulding are arranged at the positions, around the tops of the corresponding radiating ribs, of the radiating rib die cavities, vent holes communicated with the radiating rib die cavities are formed in the positions, corresponding to each radiating rib die cavity, of the upper die, a plurality of demoulding holes communicated with the upper die cavity are formed in the upper die, demoulding columns with the length being larger than the depth of the demoulding holes are arranged in the demoulding holes, and the demoulding columns and the upper die reversely act in a demoulding state, so that the demoulding columns press-formed brake disc in the demoulding holes.
2. The aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mold according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a brake disc, including heat dissipation muscle die cavity, heat dissipation muscle die cavity group, heat dissipation muscle die cavity, heat dissipation muscle die.
3. The aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mold according to claim 2, wherein: the heat dissipation rib cavity is provided with an exhaust hole at the position of the protruding cavity at the end part of each heat dissipation rib.
4. The aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mold according to claim 3, wherein: the mould comprises an upper mould and a lower mould, and is characterized in that an upper mould cover plate is fixed on a pressing head of a press, the upper mould cover plate is coaxially provided with a through hole with a diameter larger than a demoulding hole at the corresponding position of the upper mould demoulding hole, the demoulding column is a T-shaped demoulding column, the head end diameter of the T-shaped demoulding column is matched with the diameter of the through hole, the tail end diameter of the T-shaped demoulding column is matched with the diameter of the demoulding hole, and the demoulding column is axially moved by an independent material-beating oil cylinder.
5. The aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mold according to claim 4, wherein: the upper die is provided with air guide grooves, the air guide grooves comprise two first circular air guide grooves and a plurality of second air guide grooves which are arranged along the radial direction, the first air guide grooves are communicated with exhaust holes formed in the protruding cavity of the end part of the heat dissipation rib respectively, and the second air guide grooves are communicated with the side faces of the upper die.
6. The aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mold according to claim 2, wherein: the demoulding hole is correspondingly arranged at the position of the middle protruding cavity of the radiating rib and communicated with the middle protruding cavity of the radiating rib.
7. The aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mold according to claim 1, wherein: the heat dissipation rib draft angle is 1.5-7 degrees.
8. The aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mold according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the lower mould middle part is equipped with the stem, the stem is the activity stem, the middle part of going up mould and lower mould is equipped with the stem hole that corresponds with the stem, the stem is in from lower mould bottom cartridge the stem hole of lower mould is downthehole, the back that the stem cartridge targets in place, the stem passes through axial stop device spacing on the lower mould, just the stem hole of mould is inserted at the top of stem, the lateral wall of stem respectively with the stem downthehole wall sliding connection of last mould and lower mould, the stem is by independent lower cylinder control axial displacement.
9. The aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mold according to claim 8, wherein: the distance between the core column and the upper die is 0.3-1.0 mm.
10. The aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mold according to claim 8, wherein: the part of stem in last membrane chamber and lower mould intracavity is equipped with 3 ~ 8 outside stem draft angles.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2020204011896 | 2020-03-26 | ||
| CN202020401189 | 2020-03-26 |
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| CN211990922U true CN211990922U (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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| CN202020415153.3U Active CN211990922U (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2020-03-27 | Aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mould |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111230102A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-05 | 湖南金天铝业高科技股份有限公司 | Aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mould |
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2020
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111230102A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-05 | 湖南金天铝业高科技股份有限公司 | Aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc mould |
| CN111230102B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2023-10-27 | 湖南湘投轻材科技股份有限公司 | Aluminum-based powder metallurgy composite material rail transit brake disc die |
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Address after: 416100 Jintian South Road, Wuxi Town, Luxi County, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province Patentee after: Hunan Xiangtou Light Material Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 416100 Jintian South Road, Wuxi Town, Luxi County, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province Patentee before: HUNAN GOLDSKY ALUMINUM INDUSTRY HIGH-TECH CO.,LTD. |