CN211976845U

CN211976845U - Multi-section reciprocating grate steam boiler

Info

Publication number: CN211976845U
Application number: CN202020680628.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张本书; 张廷久; 张君
Original assignee: Shandong Longsheng Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Longsheng Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-28
Filing date: 2020-04-28
Publication date: 2020-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-28

Abstract

An object of the utility model is to provide a multistage formula reciprocating grate steam boiler for solve the technical problem who improves boiler combustion performance. A multi-section reciprocating grate steam boiler comprises a reciprocating grate mechanism, wherein the reciprocating grate mechanism is divided into a pre-combustion section, a combustion section and a burnout section which are arranged in a step-type manner from top to bottom; the pre-combustion section, the combustion section and the burnout section respectively comprise a fixed furnace bar piece, a movable furnace bar piece and a furnace bar reciprocating movement driving mechanism, the fixed furnace bar piece and the movable furnace bar piece are arranged in a vertically parallel staggered mode at intervals, and the linear movement power output end of the furnace bar reciprocating movement driving mechanism is connected with the power input end of the movable furnace bar piece.

Description

Multi-section reciprocating grate steam boiler

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of steam boiler technique and specifically relates to a multistage formula reciprocating grate steam boiler.

Background

Renewable energy sources in China have rich resource quantity, wherein boilers, turbines and engines in biomass energy power generation projects are called three main machines, and the boiler is one of the most core technologies. At present, China has built more biomass energy power generation projects by introducing foreign boiler combustion technologies, wherein the introduction of foreign technologies is basically adopted for the boiler combustion technologies. Because the Chinese fuel market is more complex and the fuel quality is poorer, some of the introduced technologies are not suitable for the Chinese situation, and the problems of high investment, poor economic benefit and the like exist. With the continuous development of national economy and the urgent requirements of national energy conservation and emission reduction, biomass energy power generation remains the main direction of the rapid development of China, and renewable energy power generation replaces petrochemical energy power generation, and reduction of carbon emission is also an international concern. On the basis of summarizing the experience training of domestic and foreign garbage and biomass boilers, the development of the steam boiler with high technical performance, economy and practicability for biomass energy power generation has profound significance in opening up a new technical approach for comprehensive utilization of renewable energy in China.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a multistage formula reciprocating grate steam boiler for solve the technical problem who improves boiler combustion performance.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:

a multi-section reciprocating grate steam boiler comprises a reciprocating grate mechanism, wherein the reciprocating grate mechanism is divided into a pre-combustion section, a combustion section and a burnout section which are arranged in a step-type manner from top to bottom; the pre-combustion section, the combustion section and the burnout section respectively comprise a fixed furnace bar piece, a movable furnace bar piece and a furnace bar reciprocating movement driving mechanism, the fixed furnace bar piece and the movable furnace bar piece are arranged in a vertically parallel staggered mode at intervals, and the linear movement power output end of the furnace bar reciprocating movement driving mechanism is connected with the power input end of the movable furnace bar piece.

Preferably, the furnace plate reciprocating driving mechanism adopts a cam linear driving mechanism.

Preferably, the pre-burning section, the burning section and the burnout section form an inclination angle of 12-20 degrees.

Preferably, the fixed grate bars are transversely buckled and hung on a supporting pipe of the water cooling system through fixed grate bar shelves.

Preferably, the movable grate bars are transversely buckled and hung on a movable grate bar shelf, and the movable grate bar shelf is arranged on a movable push-pull frame; the lower end of the movable push-pull frame is supported on a water-cooling vertical pipe of the water-cooling system through a roller bracket; and the power output end of the furnace plate reciprocating movement driving mechanism is connected with the movable push-pull frame.

Preferably, the furnace plate reciprocating movement driving mechanisms are respectively controlled by a DCS operating system.

Preferably, the boiler is also provided with a boiler steam drum, a boiler membrane water-cooled wall, a boiler superheater, a boiler economizer, a secondary air preheater and a primary air preheater in an integrated manner.

Preferably, the boiler includes a separation device for returning coarse particulate fly ash produced during combustion to the furnace for reburning.

Preferably, the lower part of the boiler fuel bin feeds the fuel to a forced screw feeder below through a group scraper conveyor, and the forced screw feeder feeds the fuel to a pre-burning section in the hearth through screw thrust.

Preferably, each section of the pre-burning section, the burning section and the burnout section are provided with independent ventilation air chambers at the lower part.

The effects provided in the contents of the present invention are only the effects of the embodiments, not all the effects of the present invention, and the above technical solutions have the following advantages or beneficial effects:

1. the boiler related in the technical scheme utilizes the reciprocating grate to operate, and can meet and improve the combustion performance of various biomass energy sources (crop straws, salix mongolica, fruit tree branches, raw bamboos, palm residues, bagasse, building waste templates, industrial organic wastes, lignin and black liquor sludge). The steam boiler fuel has wide adaptation, does not have overhigh condition requirement on the fuel, can burn single-variety fuel and mixed fuel, can burn difficult-to-burn fuel with low calorific value and high moisture, adapts to the complex situation of the Chinese fuel market, and provides a new technical means for the comprehensive utilization of renewable energy sources

2. The boiler supports the multi-section reciprocating grate to run by the pipe of the water cooling system, and the technical innovation point solves the problems of thermal expansion and sealing between a heated element of the boiler and the grate, so that the running of the boiler grate is safer and more reliable, and the large-scale development of the boiler can be feasible.

3. The boiler can be controlled to operate in a segmented mode in operation, has good combustion adjusting performance, and automatically adjusts and controls the operation condition through a DCS (distributed control system) operation system, so that the optimal combustion efficiency and the thermal efficiency of the boiler are obtained, the intelligent remote networking operation management of the boiler can be realized, and higher economic benefits are obtained for enterprises.

4. The boiler body is supported by an all-steel framework, and a single drum, a membrane type water-cooled wall hearth, a superheater, an economizer, an air preheater and the like are combined to form balanced ventilation, natural water circulation and solid-state slag discharge of the boiler, so that the novel steam boiler is reasonable in structure.

5. Besides the adaptability to various biomass fuels, the technology can be used for a household derived garbage direct-fired power generation boiler, so that the technology is suitable for multipurpose technical equipment.

6. The utility model discloses technical scheme from the reciprocating grate of multistage that bunker, forced spiral feeder equipment, water-cooling supported, but independent control's segmentation transmission, fly back after combustion device, the reasonable air supply of locellus reinforce the burning to and the pressurized heat transfer element of boiler arrange, to row's ash sediment export rational arrangement, improved pay-off, fuel and heat utilization comprehensive properties.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the grate bar in the direction B-B in FIG. 2;

in the figure: 1. a fuel bunker; 2. a forced screw feeder; 3. a pre-combustion section; 4. a front combustion section; 5. a post-combustion section; 6. a burnout section; 7. a slag falling outlet; 8. fixing the furnace bar sheet; 9. a movable fire bar sheet; 10. fixing a grate rack; 11. supporting the tube; 12. a movable push-pull frame; 13. a movable grate rack; 14. a roller bracket; 15. the furnace plate reciprocating movement driving mechanism; 16. a steel frame; 17. a fly ash separation device; 18. a boiler drum; 19. a boiler membrane wall; 20. a boiler superheater; 21. a boiler economizer; 22. a secondary air preheater; 23. a primary air preheater; 24. and a boiler flue gas outlet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as merely or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a steam boiler with a multi-stage reciprocating grate comprises a reciprocating grate mechanism, wherein the reciprocating grate mechanism is divided into a pre-combustion section 3, a front combustion section 4, a rear combustion section 5 and a burnout section 6 which are arranged in a stepped manner and form an inclination angle of 12-20 degrees from top to bottom. At least two combustion sections are provided according to the use requirement, such as the front combustion section 4 and the rear combustion section 5 in the embodiment, and a front section and a rear section can also be provided. The pre-combustion section 3, the front combustion section 4, the rear combustion section 5 and the burnout section 6 respectively comprise a fixed furnace bar piece 8, a movable furnace bar piece 9 and a furnace bar reciprocating movement driving mechanism 15, the fixed furnace bar piece 8 and the movable furnace bar piece 9 are arranged in a vertically parallel staggered mode at intervals, and the linear movement power output end of the furnace bar reciprocating movement driving mechanism 15 is connected with the power input end of the movable furnace bar piece 9.

The fixed fire bar sheets 8 are transversely buckled and hung on a supporting pipe 11 of the water cooling system through fixed fire bar shelves 10, the movable fire bar sheets 9 are transversely buckled and hung on movable fire bar shelves 13, and the movable fire bar shelves 13 are arranged on a movable push-pull frame 12. The lower end of the movable push-pull frame 12 is supported on a water-cooling vertical pipe of a water-cooling system through a roller bracket 14. Preferably, the furnace plate reciprocating driving mechanism 15 adopts a cam linear mechanism and is arranged at the front side of the hearth, and the power output end of the cam linear mechanism is connected with the movable push-pull frame 12. During operation, a set of furnace slice reciprocating driving mechanism 15 drives all the movable furnace bars 9 in corresponding sections to reciprocate, the furnace slice reciprocating driving mechanism 15 in each section independently operates by adopting a program control operation unit (DCS) operation system, and all loads of the fire grate are transmitted to a foundation through a steel framework 16.

The pressure element and the heat transfer element of the boiler are mature technologies, the pressure element and the heat transfer element of the boiler mainly comprise a boiler steam drum 18, a boiler membrane type water-cooled wall 19, a boiler superheater 20, a boiler economizer 21, a secondary air preheater 22 and a primary air preheater 23, the pressure heat exchange elements evaporate water into high-pressure high-temperature steam by using the heat of boiler combustion flame radiation heat and high-temperature flue gas for a steam turbine generator set to generate electricity, and the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange is discharged out of the boiler through a boiler flue gas outlet 24 and is discharged after being purified and reaching the standard.

The technical parameters of the steam boiler in the embodiment are as follows:

(1) evaporation capacity of boiler: 10 to 220 steam tons/hour

(2) Steam outlet pressure: 4.0 to 14.0MPa

(3) Steam outlet temperature: 400 to 540 DEG C

(4) Medium of the boiler: water (W)

(5) Boiler adaptation fuel, biomass fuel (crop straw, salix mongolica, fruit tree branches, bamboo waste, palm residue, bagasse, construction waste template, industrial organic waste, lignin, black liquor sludge)

The utility model discloses a theory of operation does: prepared fuel is sent into a fuel bin 1 by a belt conveyor, the lower part of the fuel bin 1 sends the fuel to a forced screw feeder 2 below through a group scraper type material conveyor (the group scraper means that a plurality of scraper chain are arranged on a main shaft and rotate coaxially to output the fuel uniformly), and the fuel is sent into a hearth to be combusted on a grate through screw thrust. With the continuous reciprocating motion of the movable grate segment 9, the fuel moves backwards from the pre-combustion section 3 → the front combustion section 4 → the rear combustion section 5 → the burnout section 6, and is finally burnt out. That is, the fuel first passes through the pre-combustion section 3 to dry the moisture of the fuel and gradually starts to burn, and then passes through the front combustion section 4 and the rear combustion section 5, the front combustion section 4 and the rear combustion section 5 are stages of a normal combustion process, the front combustion section 4 and the rear combustion section 5 are not limited to only 2 stages, but the number of the combustion sections is correspondingly increased according to the requirements of the capacity and the combustion area of the boiler. When the burning fuel enters the burnout section 6, the fuel is gradually and completely burned, a large amount of fly ash generated in the burning process is separated out part of coarse particles by a boiler system and is sent back to a hearth for reburning through a fly ash separating device 17, and the burned residues are discharged from a slag falling outlet 7. The lower part of each section of grate is provided with an independent ventilation air chamber to supply air required by combustion.

In addition to the technical features described in the specification, the technology is known to those skilled in the art.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-section reciprocating grate steam boiler is characterized by comprising a reciprocating grate mechanism, wherein the reciprocating grate mechanism is divided into a pre-combustion section, a combustion section and a burnout section which are arranged in a step-type manner from top to bottom; the pre-combustion section, the combustion section and the burnout section respectively comprise a fixed furnace bar piece, a movable furnace bar piece and a furnace bar reciprocating movement driving mechanism, the fixed furnace bar piece and the movable furnace bar piece are arranged in a vertically parallel staggered mode at intervals, and the linear movement power output end of the furnace bar reciprocating movement driving mechanism is connected with the power input end of the movable furnace bar piece.

2. The steam boiler with multi-stage reciprocating grates according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism for reciprocating the segments is a cam linear driving mechanism.

3. The steam boiler with a multi-stage reciprocating grate according to claim 1, wherein the pre-combustion section, the combustion section and the burnout section are inclined at an angle of 12-20 degrees.

4. The steam boiler with multi-stage reciprocating grates according to claim 1, wherein the fixed grate segments are transversely fastened and arranged on the support tubes of the water cooling system through the fixed grate rest.

5. The steam boiler with multi-stage reciprocating grates according to claim 1, wherein the movable grate segments are transversely buckled and arranged on a movable grate rack, and the movable grate rack is arranged on a movable push-pull frame; the lower end of the movable push-pull frame is supported on a water-cooling vertical pipe of the water-cooling system through a roller bracket; and the power output end of the furnace plate reciprocating movement driving mechanism is connected with the movable push-pull frame.

6. The steam boiler with multi-sectional reciprocating grates according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanisms for reciprocating the furnace segments are separately controlled by a DCS operating system.

7. The multi-stage reciprocating grate steam boiler according to claim 1, wherein the boiler is further integrally provided with a boiler drum, a boiler membrane water wall, a boiler superheater, a boiler economizer, a secondary air preheater and a primary air preheater.

8. A multi-stage reciprocating grate steam boiler according to claim 1, wherein the boiler includes separation means for returning coarse fly ash particles generated during combustion to the furnace for reburning.

9. The steam boiler with multi-sectional reciprocating grates according to claim 1, wherein the lower portion of the boiler fuel bin feeds fuel to the lower forced screw feeder through the group flight conveyor, and the forced screw feeder feeds fuel into the pre-combustion section in the furnace by screw thrust.

10. The steam boiler with multi-stage reciprocating grates as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the pre-combustion, combustion and burnout sections has an independent ventilation plenum at the lower portion thereof.