CN211926644U - Ultralight bullet-resistant composite board suitable for manufacturing light combat tank - Google Patents
Ultralight bullet-resistant composite board suitable for manufacturing light combat tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN211926644U CN211926644U CN202020375269.9U CN202020375269U CN211926644U CN 211926644 U CN211926644 U CN 211926644U CN 202020375269 U CN202020375269 U CN 202020375269U CN 211926644 U CN211926644 U CN 211926644U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an ultralight bullet resistant composite board suitable for make light-duty chariot includes in proper order that the ceramic face plate layer that only splitting layer, a plurality of ceramic piece splices into, the middle power transmission layer of fibre reinforcing combined material on top layer reaches the back plate layer by light alloy material, glues through bonding between each structural layer and bonds and form whole composite sheet. The crack-stopping layer mainly plays the roles of compacting the ceramic panel layer, preventing broken ceramic blocks from splashing and improving the overall rigidity of the composite board; the ceramic panel layer has the capability of resisting multiple strikes, and the ceramic block can absorb a large amount of kinetic energy of bullets through self-crushing; the middle force transmission layer can absorb a large amount of energy through fiber deformation and even tensile fracture, so that the penetration energy of the bullet is further reduced, and the middle force transmission layer does not have secondary killing capacity; the back plate layer can generate elastic-plastic deformation to further absorb the residual kinetic energy of the bullet, and the final residual energy can be diffused to the whole back plate, so that the aim of penetration resistance is fulfilled finally. The whole density is greatly reduced, and the light-weight high-strength composite material has the advantages of light weight and high strength.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to armoured protection field, concretely relates to ultralight bullet resistant composite board suitable for make light-duty chariot.
Background
With the continuous development of modern military strength, various large-scale destructive weapons appear in succession, and the development of the armor protection field is urgent in order to improve the survivability of soldiers on a modern battlefield. The traditional armor system is composed of typical integral high-strength steel plates, however, the armor system composed of the high-strength steel plates has overlarge self weight and is difficult to flexibly adapt to the change of a battlefield, so that the armor system composed of the high-strength armor steel plates at the present stage is mainly suitable for heavy tanks, for light combat vehicles, an armor which can ensure the protection level and has the lowest weight as possible needs to be used, and as a single material cannot meet the light and high-strength armor protection requirement of the present combat vehicles, the composite armor composed of multiple layers of materials has wide development prospect.
After many years of experimental research, the armor protection system formed by combining ceramic and polymer matrix composite materials is widely applied to armored combat vehicles. The composite armor is a multilayer armor system, which is formed by using ceramic as a face plate to resist high-strength and high-hardness striking and using composite materials as a back plate support. The ceramic mainly reduces the force acting on the back plate through crushing and abrasion bullets, the back plate composite material absorbs the residual energy through elastic-plastic deformation, but the single monolithic ceramic block is difficult to form when in a complex structure, is easy to splash to generate secondary killing when impacted, has weak multi-shot impact resistance, and is usually cracked to lose the original anti-elastic performance under the impact action of a single shot.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a main aim at provides an ultra-light bullet resistant composite board that can guarantee the bulletproof ability and can avoid the injury that splashes, is particularly useful for making light-duty combat tank.
The utility model provides a this kind of ultralight bullet resistant composite board suitable for make light-duty chariot, its structure includes that the only crack layer on top layer, a plurality of ceramic blocks splice the ceramic panels layer that forms, fiber reinforcement combined material's middle power transmission layer and by light alloy material's backplate layer in proper order, glues the bonding through bonding between each structural layer and forms whole composite sheet.
In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the crack stop layer is a woven fabric.
In an embodiment of the foregoing technical solution, the ceramic block is B4C, ceramic, the shape of which is square.
In an embodiment of the above technical solution, the intermediate force transfer layer is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plate.
In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the back plate layer is a 7075 aluminum alloy plate.
In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the ceramic blocks are aligned vertically and horizontally, and the joints between adjacent ceramic blocks are filled with adhesive by compression.
In one embodiment of the above technical solution, adhesive layers are respectively formed among the crack stop layer, the ceramic panel layer, the intermediate force transmission layer and the back plate layer.
In an embodiment of the above technical solution, the adhesive glue is an epoxy resin glue.
In one embodiment of the above technical scheme, the thickness of the crack-stop layer is 0.5-1.5 mm, the thickness of the ceramic panel layer is 14-16 mm, the thickness of the middle force transmission layer is 5-7 mm, and the thickness of the light alloy layer is 5-7 mm.
In an embodiment of the above technical solution, the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber of the intermediate force transmission layer is hot-pressed and molded by a symmetric layer-spreading manner of [ (45/-45) n ] s.
The utility model discloses glue and connect in the front side on ceramic panel layer and stop layer, rear side and glue middle power transmission layer and backplate layer in proper order. The crack-stopping layer mainly plays a role in compacting the ceramic panel layer, preventing broken ceramic blocks from splashing and improving the overall rigidity of the composite board; the ceramic panel layer is formed by gluing a plurality of ceramic blocks, has the capability of resisting multiple strikes, and simultaneously has the functions of breaking and grinding the bullets by breaking the ceramic blocks, namely the ceramic blocks can absorb a large amount of kinetic energy of the bullets by self-breaking; the middle force transmission layer can absorb a large amount of energy through fiber deformation and even tensile fracture, so that the penetration energy of the bullet is further reduced, and the middle force transmission layer does not have secondary killing capacity; the back plate layer can generate elastic-plastic deformation to further absorb the residual kinetic energy of the bullet, and the final residual energy can be diffused to the whole back plate, so that the aim of penetration resistance is fulfilled finally. Additionally, the utility model discloses the density greatly reduced that selects the whole density that makes the composite sheet than the armoured steel material of each layer material, and have the ballistic performance the same with the homogeneity armoured steel to mark thickness, outstanding light high strength's advantage, so be particularly useful for making light-duty armoured chariot.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the ceramic blocks in the ceramic panel layer of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
As can be seen from fig. 1 and fig. 2, the ultralight anti-elastic composite board suitable for manufacturing a light combat tank disclosed in this embodiment sequentially includes a crack stop layer 1, a ceramic panel layer 2, an intermediate force transmission layer 3 and a back plate layer 4 from outside to inside, and these four structural layers are respectively bonded by adhesive to form an integral composite board.
The bonding glue adopts epoxy resin, is suitable for bonding stressed parts because of high bonding strength and good mechanical property, is commonly used for bonding among metal, nonmetal and ceramic, and has certain help for enhancing the integral strength of the bulletproof structure.
The crack-stopping layer 1 is made of woven cloth with the thickness of 1mm, the woven cloth basically does not have penetration resistance, but the crack-stopping layer is covered on the outer side of the ceramic panel layer through bonding glue, so that the ceramic panel layer 2 can be well compacted, the overall rigidity of the composite board is improved, and the ceramic is prevented from being broken and splashed.
The ceramic panel layer 2 is composed of a plurality of small-sized square B4C, splicing the ceramic blocks.
On the basis of changing the thickness of the ceramic for a plurality of times to test and ensure the lightweight of the armor, the thickness of the ceramic panel layer is selected to be 15 mm.
When the ceramic blocks are spliced, the adjacent seams are filled with compacted bonding glue. When the bullet impact area is located in the bonding area between the two ceramic blocks, the elasticity resistance of the bullet impact area may be weakened due to the gap, if the performance of the adhesive is not good, the joint of the ceramic blocks is easy to be debonded, and after the gap between the ceramic blocks is compacted and filled with the epoxy resin, the phenomenon can be overcome by virtue of the excellent bonding strength of the epoxy resin.
The B4C ceramic has the highest hardness and the lowest density in the prior bulletproof ceramic, so that the bulletproof ceramic has excellent bulletproof capability and lighter weight in the same area.
The ceramic panel layer 2 is formed by splicing ceramic blocks, so that the ceramic panel layer has strong multi-strike resistance.
The middle force transmission layer 3 is made of a fiber reinforced composite material plate made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. Tests prove that when the thickness ratio of the ceramic panel layer to the middle force transmission layer is close to 2:1, the elastic resistance is the best, so that the thickness of the middle force transmission layer is 6 mm.
The density of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is only 0.98g/cm3The composite material has the highest specific strength in the existing fiber reinforced composite material, has the specific modulus second to that of carbon fiber, has a unidirectional multilayer structure, and is generally formed by hot pressing of unidirectional fiber cloth soaked with polyurethane.
Tests prove that the bulletproof mechanical property of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber can be optimal by adopting continuous +/-45-degree layering, so that the layering mode of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber used in the embodiment is symmetrical layering of [ (+/-45 DEG) 4] s, and a plurality of polyethylene sublayers form a fiber board through hot pressing.
The back plate layer 4 adopts 7075 series aluminum alloy with small degree and high strength, and the acoustic impedance value is lower than that of armor steel, so the bullet-resisting effect of the back plate layer is better than that of the armor steel. And from previous tests, the protective performance of the aluminum alloy per unit mass is found to be superior to that of armor steel. Therefore, under the condition of not reducing the anti-elasticity performance, the back plate layer 4 adopts 7075 series aluminum alloy to replace armor steel, so that the self weight of the armored vehicle can be greatly reduced, and the maneuvering performance of the armored vehicle can be improved.
Light aluminium metal backplate can play certain supporting role to its preceding ceramic panels layer and middle power transmission layer to as the last line of defence of three-layer composite armor, need certain thickness equally just to make the holistic rigidity of bulletproof armor obtain guaranteeing, through the impact test many times, the utility model armor of guaranteeing to take under the prerequisite that has enough ballistic performance and lightweight for 6 mm.
When the layers of the composite board are glued, the back board layer is used as a substrate, the bonding surface of the back board layer is coated with bonding glue with proper thickness, then the middle force transmission layer is laid on the surface of the bonding glue, the outside of the middle force transmission layer is coated with the bonding glue with proper thickness, then small-size ceramic blocks forming the ceramic panel layer are laid according to requirements, and finally woven cloth is laid as a crack arrest layer after the outside of the ceramic blocks is coated with the bonding glue to form the multilayer composite board. The bonding layer 5 is arranged between adjacent layers of the formed composite board, so that the integrity is good.
The principle that the composite board has stronger anti-elastic capacity is as follows:
when the bullet passes through the woven fabric and impacts the spliced ceramic panel, one part of an impact area and an adjacent area of the impact area can form a ceramic cone due to the fact that the other part of the impact area is broken to lose the anti-elasticity performance, the broken ceramic cannot splash due to the constraint effect of the woven fabric and loses the secondary killing capacity, and the impact force of the impact force on the ceramic blocks in the rest areas after the impact force is spread from the impact area in a transverse wave mode is far smaller than that of the impact area, so that the ceramic blocks cannot be broken, the original anti-elasticity performance can be kept, and the ceramic panel is the first and most critical barrier of the bulletproof capacity.
When a bullet passes through the ceramic panel, broken ceramic fragments and a ceramic cone formed when the bullet penetrates through the ceramic panel have the same speed direction as the bullet and jointly penetrate through the middle force transmission layer, when the bullet reaches the middle force transmission layer, the fiber reinforced composite material force transmission layer can absorb most kinetic energy of impact objects through fiber fracture and can resist secondary killing generated by partial fragments, the rigidity of the ceramic panel can be greatly improved, the defect that the whole ceramic panel is too fragile under the action of large impact is overcome to a great extent, and the middle force transmission layer of the fiber reinforced composite material is a second barrier of a bulletproof structure.
If the bullet can pass through the middle power transmission layer to the back plate layer, the back plate of the light aluminum alloy can be subjected to elastic-plastic deformation, the residual kinetic energy of the bullet is further absorbed through the elastic-plastic deformation, and the final residual energy can be diffused to the whole back plate, so that the aim of penetration resistance is finally fulfilled. The lightweight aluminum alloy is used as the back plate as a third barrier of the bulletproof structure, so that the probability of penetration of the bulletproof structure can be further reduced.
The composite board formed by the structural layers with the thicknesses is calculated by finite element correlation to obtain the following conclusion: can resist the positive penetration of bullets of 12.7mm at a distance of 100m from the target plate and at a speed of 802m/s, and achieves the bulletproof level of 30mm armor steel.
The weight of the armored chariot manufactured by using the composite plate is far lower than that of the armored chariot manufactured by using armored steel with the weight of 30mm, and the lightweight degree can reach more than 60 percent.
In order to further verify the anti-elasticity performance of the composite board, the composite board with the thickness is made into a square target board, and a live ammunition target practice test of a 12.7mm fire-through bomb is carried out on the target board.
The test results were that the bullets failed to penetrate the second fiber layer of the middle power transfer layer and the backing plate bulged by 35.2 mm. Compared with the national damage standard table, the composite board reaches the second-level bulletproof standard.
In addition, tests prove that the bulletproof performance of the armor made of the composite board is greatly increased when the thickness of the ceramic panel layer is increased by 1 mm.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ultralight bullet resistant composite sheet suitable for make light-duty chariot which characterized in that: the structure of the composite plate sequentially comprises a crack stop layer on the outermost layer, a ceramic panel layer formed by gluing a plurality of ceramic blocks, a middle force transmission layer made of a fiber reinforced composite material and a back plate layer made of a light alloy material, wherein the structural layers are bonded through bonding glue to form the integral composite plate.
2. The ultra-lightweight ballistic composite panel suitable for use in the manufacture of a light-duty combat vehicle of claim 1 wherein: the crack-stopping layer is woven fabric.
3. The ultra-lightweight ballistic composite panel suitable for use in the manufacture of a light-duty combat vehicle of claim 1 wherein: the ceramic block is B4C ceramic and is square in shape.
4. The ultra-lightweight ballistic composite panel suitable for use in the manufacture of a light-duty combat vehicle of claim 1 wherein: the middle force transmission layer is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plate.
5. The ultra-lightweight ballistic composite panel suitable for use in the manufacture of a light-duty combat vehicle of claim 1 wherein: the back plate layer is a 7075 aluminum alloy plate.
6. The ultra-lightweight ballistic composite panel suitable for use in the manufacture of a light-duty combat vehicle of claim 3 wherein: the ceramic blocks are arranged in an up-down and left-right alignment mode, and bonding glue is filled in the joint between every two adjacent ceramic blocks in a compacting mode.
7. The ultra-lightweight ballistic composite panel suitable for use in the manufacture of a light-duty combat vehicle of claim 1 wherein: and adhesive layers are respectively formed among the crack-stopping layer, the ceramic panel layer, the middle force transmission layer and the back plate layer.
8. The ultra-lightweight ballistic composite panel suitable for use in the manufacture of a light-duty combat vehicle of claim 7 wherein: the bonding glue is epoxy resin glue.
9. The ultra-lightweight ballistic composite panel suitable for use in the manufacture of a light-duty combat vehicle of claim 1 wherein: the thickness of the crack-stopping layer is 0.5-1.5 mm, the thickness of the ceramic panel layer is 14-16 mm, the thickness of the middle force transmission layer is 5-7 mm, and the thickness of the light alloy layer is 5-7 mm.
10. The ultra-lightweight ballistic composite panel suitable for use in the manufacture of a light-duty combat vehicle of claim 4 wherein: the middle force transmission layer is formed by hot pressing ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers in a symmetrical layering mode of [ (45/-45) n ] s.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111272017A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-12 | 湖南大学 | Ultralight bullet-resistant composite board suitable for manufacturing light combat tank |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111272017A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-12 | 湖南大学 | Ultralight bullet-resistant composite board suitable for manufacturing light combat tank |
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