CN211918394U

CN211918394U - Range extender and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN211918394U
Application number: CN201721831268.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李韬
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-12-25
Filing date: 2017-12-25
Publication date: 2020-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 2027-12-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a range extender and a vehicle, belonging to the field of electric vehicles; the range extender includes: engines, generators, and motors; the generator is a common three-phase alternating-current generator; the motor is a variable-stage three-phase asynchronous motor; the rotor of the common three-phase alternating-current generator is driven by the output shaft of the engine, and the obtained electric energy is supplied to the three-phase asynchronous motor. The utility model discloses a change of control internal-combustion engine rotational speed makes the generator send the sinusoidal alternating current of different frequencies, replaces the non-sinusoidal wave converter frequency conversion among the prior art, in order to realize the motor speed governing. The utility model discloses simple structure, the good reliability, light in weight, with low costs, efficient, longe-lived, the utility model is used for the vehicle.

Description

Range extender and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an increase journey ware and vehicle belongs to the electric motor car field.

Background

As is well known, the existing pure electric vehicle has a dilemma that the driving range is contradictory to the number of batteries, the driving range needs to be increased, so that the size is large, the weight is heavy, the price is high, otherwise, the batteries need to be reduced for reducing the weight and the cost, the driving range is short, and the vehicle cannot run for a long distance. Therefore, the vehicle enterprises begin to consider whether the number of the batteries can be reduced in design, so that the weight of the vehicle can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, and the requirement of a consumer on the driving range can be met. Thus, the extended range electric vehicle comes to the market. The range extender is used for solving the 'mileage anxiety' feeling of a user on the pure electric vehicle, and the number of batteries can be greatly reduced, which is the basis of the design concept of the range-extended electric vehicle.

A common range-extended electric vehicle is provided with a small auxiliary generator set on the basis of a pure electric vehicle to charge a battery when the electric quantity of the battery is insufficient, and the small auxiliary generator set is called a range extender for short. The range-extended electric automobile is internally provided with a set of electric drive system which comprises a motor, a control circuit and a battery. The electric motor directly drives the wheels, and the engine is used to drive the generator to charge the battery. Because the engine and the generator do not directly drive the motor, the motor is driven by the battery and the control circuit, partial power waste is caused, and the efficiency of the motor is influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the weak point of above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides an increase journey ware and vehicle, its simple structure, the good reliability, light in weight, with low costs, efficient, longe-lived to can solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists effectively.

In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme as follows:

in a first aspect, a range extender is provided, comprising: the range extender changes the rotating speed of the generator by changing the rotating speed of the engine, so that the generator can generate sine wave alternating current with different frequencies, and the aim of regulating the speed of the motor is fulfilled.

The engine is an internal combustion engine. The generator is a common three-phase alternating-current generator. The motor is a variable-stage three-phase asynchronous motor. The output shaft of the internal combustion engine directly drives a common three-phase alternating-current generator.

In practical application, the speed of the internal combustion engine is increased or decreased by controlling the depth of stepping on the accelerator, mechanical energy is generated in the internal combustion engine to drive the generator, the mechanical energy is converted into sine three-phase alternating current in the three-phase alternating current generator, and the obtained electric energy is supplied to the three-phase asynchronous motor, so that the motor is directly driven, wherein the frequency of the generated alternating current is controlled and adjusted by means of the speed of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the speed of the motor can be regulated without an inverter or a frequency converter. The motor can obtain different rotating speeds to meet the driving requirements of the electric vehicle at different speeds.

Optionally, the novel electric vehicle range extender further comprises an auxiliary battery, and electric quantity generated by a generator in the range extender can directly drive a motor in the electric vehicle to work. Because the internal combustion engine is running all the time, in the case of a vehicle stop (for example, in the case of a red light), the excess electric power generated by the generator can be used to charge the auxiliary battery, which can store the electric power generated by the generator, without waste.

Optionally, the range extender may further include a control system for controlling the starting and closing of the internal combustion engine. The control system may include a speed sensor that automatically switches to battery drive when the speed is below a set value (e.g., 10 km/h, which may be set by the user as desired) while allowing the engine to shut down, whereas when the speed is above the set value, the engine ignites and automatically switches to generator drive.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation is: the rotating speed of the generator is changed by changing the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine, so that the generator can generate sine wave alternating current with different frequencies, and the purpose of regulating the speed of the motor is achieved. The rotating speed of the internal combustion engine is increased or reduced by controlling the stepping depth of the accelerator, and the internal combustion engine drives the common three-phase alternating-current generator to generate sinusoidal alternating currents with different frequencies.

In a second aspect, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle comprising the range extender of the first aspect.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the utility model provides a when increasing the journey ware and being applied to electric automobile on, have following beneficial technological effect: firstly, since it has a variable-stage ac asynchronous motor, it is not necessary to equip a gearbox; because traditional diesel automobile, the output torque of engine is not enough under the low-speed, extinguishes easily during the load, when low-speed traveles, the gearbox can let it accomplish low rotational speed output under high rotational speed, therefore the gearbox of traditional automobile is indispensable, and the utility model discloses well adoption's alternating current asynchronous motor's output torque depends on the load, and the rotational speed can reduce output torque also increase simultaneously during the load increase, and this kind of characteristic of motor can make it not need the gearbox, and the motor change of pole just is similar to the gear shifting of gearbox. Secondly, a generator and a motor are used for replacing a gearbox, and a charger which is the same as that of a traditional automobile is not required to be configured; thirdly, the range extender of the utility model is connected with two small motors to directly drive two rear wheels respectively, so as to replace the mode of driving two rear wheels by one large motor in the prior art, thereby not only needing no gearbox, but also needing no differential wheel set and universal joint cross shaft to distribute the driving force to the two rear wheels, and further simplifying the structure of the electric automobile; in addition, because the output of the internal combustion engine of the utility model is provided with only one generator, the load is relatively stable, compared with the common automobile engine, the internal combustion engine does not need to be processed strictly, and the manufacturing process is relatively simple; correspondingly, the utility model provides a when increasing the journey ware and being applied to electric automobile on, have the advantage that reduces the energy consumption, reduce cost of manufacture and cost of maintenance.

2. The utility model discloses in adopt three-phase asynchronous motor drive to increase the beneficial technological effect of journey ware: firstly, in the prior art, the electric vehicle generally adopts a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor, and a motor rotor is made of permanent magnet magnetic steel, but the motor generally has the problem that the service life is not long due to easy degradation of the magnetism of a permanent magnet, and the alternating current asynchronous motor adopted in the utility model can effectively avoid the defect of short service life of a direct current motor; secondly, the permanent magnet direct current brushless motor with the same power is more expensive than a three-phase asynchronous motor, so that the manufacturing cost of the range extender is obviously reduced by the alternating current asynchronous motor adopted in the utility model; thirdly, direct current motor compares with alternating current motor, and its electric energy-mechanical energy conversion efficiency is low to increase journey ware among the prior art, all use the generator earlier to charge for the battery, the battery passes through PWM circuit (like direct current motor) or dc-to-ac converter, converter (like alternating current motor) driving motor again, these circuits also can consume power, and the utility model discloses in the three-phase asynchronous motor that adopts can lug connection to the generator on, need not through battery charging, battery again through control circuit driving motor's step, thereby improved efficiency and avoided extra power loss. In a word, the utility model discloses for adopting direct current motor driven increases journey ware, have longe-lived, efficient and the simple advantage of circuit, for using alternating current motor driven increases journey ware, because the utility model discloses a sinusoidal alternating current drive compares the non-sinusoidal alternating current through the converter output, and motor efficiency is higher and the circuit is simpler to can both bring reduce cost's effect.

3. The utility model provides an auxiliary battery, only in the slow and frequent occasion of stopping of the busy speed of a motor vehicle of traffic, be used for charging the abundant electric quantity of generator output, when battery power is sufficient and the vehicle is in the peak period of going to work and work, under the slow condition of operation of the speed of a motor vehicle low, can let the internal-combustion engine flame out, with battery drive car, further reach energy saving and emission reduction's effect, resume generator direct drive at once when the traffic is smooth and easy, make the motor obtain the demand of high power output in order to reach different speeds. Therefore, the range-extended electric vehicle adopting the scheme does not need to be provided with a large-capacity battery, and accordingly has the technical effects of reducing weight, reducing cost and reducing fuel consumption.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are not limited to the examples.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a range extender according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of another range extender according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a third range extender according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a range extender, please refer to fig. 1, and fig. 1 is a block diagram of a range extender provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This increase journey ware includes:

an engine, a generator, and a motor. The range extender changes the rotating speed of the generator by changing the rotating speed of the engine, so that the generator emits sine wave alternating current with different frequencies to achieve the purpose of regulating the speed of the motor.

The engine is an internal combustion engine (such as a diesel engine and a gasoline engine); the generator is a common three-phase alternating-current generator; the motor is a common pole-changeable three-phase asynchronous motor.

The output shaft of the internal combustion engine directly drives the rotor of the three-phase alternating current generator, in the practical application process, the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine is increased or reduced by controlling the stepping depth of the accelerator, mechanical energy is generated in the internal combustion engine, the mechanical energy is converted into sine alternating current in the three-phase alternating current generator, the obtained electric energy is supplied to the three-phase asynchronous motor, and therefore the motor is directly driven, wherein the frequency of the output alternating current is controlled and adjusted by means of the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the frequency conversion of a frequency converter is not needed to realize the speed regulation of the motor. The motor can obtain different rotating speeds to meet the driving requirements of the electric vehicle at different speeds.

Optionally, please refer to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a block diagram of another range extender according to an embodiment of the present invention. The range extender also comprises an auxiliary battery and a control circuit, and the redundant electric quantity generated by the generator can charge the auxiliary battery. Because the internal combustion engine is running all the time, under the condition that the vehicle stops (such as meeting a red light), in order to avoid waste, the auxiliary battery can store the surplus electric quantity generated by the generator, so that the vehicle can be driven to a gas station by the battery in case of fuel exhaustion.

Optionally, please refer to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a block diagram of a third range extender according to an embodiment of the present invention. The range extender may also include a control system for controlling starting and shutting down of the internal combustion engine. The control system may include a speed sensor that automatically switches to battery drive when the speed is below a set value (e.g., 10 km/h, which may be set by the user as desired) while allowing the engine to shut down, whereas when the speed is above the set value, the engine ignites and automatically switches to generator drive.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a vehicle, this vehicle includes the range extender that above-mentioned embodiment provided, and this vehicle can be electric automobile.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle, characterized by comprising an engine, a generator, and a motor; the engine is connected with a generator, the generator is connected with a motor, and the motor is a variable-stage three-phase asynchronous motor; the generator is a common three-phase alternating-current generator; the rotor of the common three-phase alternating-current generator is driven by the output shaft of the engine, and the electric energy of the generator is supplied to the three-phase asynchronous motor; the engine is an internal combustion engine; the control system is used for controlling the starting and the closing of the internal combustion engine, and the engine is connected to the control system; the control system also comprises a speed sensor which is electrically connected with the control system.