CN211907585U - Fuel cell metal bipolar plate and fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cell metal bipolar plate and fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN211907585U CN211907585U CN202020094405.7U CN202020094405U CN211907585U CN 211907585 U CN211907585 U CN 211907585U CN 202020094405 U CN202020094405 U CN 202020094405U CN 211907585 U CN211907585 U CN 211907585U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a fuel cell metal bipolar plate and fuel cell, fuel cell metal bipolar plate includes coolant liquid flow field (28) that form between negative plate (25), anode plate (24) and negative plate (25) and anode plate (24), negative plate (25) in the middle of be provided with many parallel wavy runners (23), anode plate (24) in the middle of be provided with many parallel straight runners (22). The utility model discloses a fuel cell metal bipolar plate can let reaction gas flow in the flow field evenly for the reaction is abundant, and then improves fuel cell's output performance.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell, concretely relates to fuel cell metal bipolar plate and contain this bipolar plate's fuel cell.
Background
The bipolar plate is used as a core component of the fuel cell, has the functions of collecting current, supporting a membrane electrode and the like, and has the function of uniformly distributing reaction gas. The metal bipolar plate is generally formed by processing two metal single plates through a welding process, the metal single plates are formed by stamping stainless steel metal sheets, a flow area formed by combining gas flow channels is arranged on the metal single plates, and a cooling liquid flow space is formed between the two electrode plates.
The two polar plates are composed of an anode plate and a cathode plate, the anode plate is provided with a fuel flowing area, and the fuel is diffused to the anode catalyst layer through the flow channel; the cathode plate is provided with a region through which an oxidant flows, and the oxidant diffuses to the cathode catalyst layer through the flow channels.
The flow field structures of the cathode plate and the anode plate of the traditional fuel cell are the same and are composed of a plurality of parallel direct current channels, and the traditional fuel cell has the following problems:
in the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, oxygen flows in the cathode plate, hydrogen flows on the anode plate, because the diffusion speed of the hydrogen is much greater than that of the oxygen (about 4 times of the oxygen), and the demand of the hydrogen is less than that of the oxygen, the speed of the hydrogen diffusing to the anode catalyst layer through the flow channel on the anode plate is faster than that of the oxygen diffusing to the cathode catalyst layer through the flow channel on the cathode plate, and because the flow field structures of the cathode plate and the anode plate are the same, the supply speed of the oxygen cannot match the supply speed of the hydrogen, so that part of the entered hydrogen cannot participate in the reaction, the gas distribution is uneven, the reaction is insufficient, and the output performance of the fuel cell is reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For solving the problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides a fuel cell metal bipolar plate, this fuel cell metal bipolar plate can let reaction gas flow evenly in the flow field for the reaction is abundant, and then improves fuel cell's output performance.
The utility model also provides a fuel cell who contains above-mentioned fuel cell metal bipolar plate, this fuel cell's output stable performance.
The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme:
a metal bipolar plate of fuel cell comprises a cathode plate, an anode plate and a cooling liquid flow field formed between the cathode plate and the anode plate, and is characterized in that a plurality of parallel wavy flow channels are arranged in the middle of the cathode plate, and a plurality of parallel direct-current flow channels are arranged in the middle of the anode plate.
The working principle of the metal bipolar plate of the fuel cell is as follows:
when the fuel cell works, the hydrogen on the anode plate is diffused to the anode plate through the flow channel on the anode plate
The anode catalyst layer decomposes into hydrogen ions and releases electrons, and oxygen on the cathode plate at the other end diffuses to the cathode catalyst layer through the flow channel on the cathode plate, and meanwhile, the hydrogen ions are combined with the oxygen coming to the cathode catalyst layer to generate water. In the whole process, the fuel and the oxidant are supplied from the outside for reaction, and the fuel cell can continuously generate electricity as long as the reactants are continuously input and the products are continuously discharged.
Because the diffusion velocity of hydrogen is more than the big of oxygen, based on such principle, the utility model discloses a set up the runner on the anode plate and set up wavy runner on the negative plate, wherein, the hydrogen that lets in flows on the runner, the oxygen that lets in flows on wavy runner, because the negative plate is provided with wavy runner, can let oxygen form the turbulent flow at the flow in-process, be a multidirectional chaotic flow state, be more favorable to improving the speed that oxygen diffused the negative pole catalysis layer, react with the hydrogen ion, make the reaction abundant, improve fuel cell's output performance.
Preferably, the cathode plate and the anode plate are rectangular structures, wherein the wavy flow channel on the cathode plate is arranged along the width direction of the cathode plate, and the direct current flow channel on the anode plate is arranged along the length direction of the anode plate. Its aim at, the flow field structure of negative plate produces water at the during operation, sets up through the width direction who lets wavy runner along the negative plate for the length of wavy runner is shorter, thereby is favorable to the timely discharge of water, improves fuel cell's output performance.
Preferably, the cathode plate and the anode plate are connected together in a back-to-back manner, the middle area of the outward side of the cathode plate forms a wavy flow channel, and the middle area of the outward side of the anode plate forms a straight flow channel. Like this, by a plurality of the utility model discloses a bipolar plate is established ties together, sets up the membrane electrode between the bipolar plate, and negative plate, anode plate and membrane electrode between two adjacent bipolar plates constitute fuel cell's basic electricity generation subassembly to constitute the fuel cell who comprises a plurality of electricity generation subassemblies.
Preferably, the wavy flow channel on the cathode plate is formed by stamping the back side of the cathode plate to the front side along the width direction, and the wavy cooling flow channel is formed by the concave area on the back side of the cathode plate; the straight flow channel on the anode plate is formed by stamping the back side of the anode plate to the front side along the length direction, and a straight strip-shaped cooling flow channel is formed in a concave region on the back side of the anode plate; the wave-shaped cooling flow channel and the straight strip-shaped cooling flow channel are combined together to form the cooling liquid flow field. By adopting the structure, the wavy flow channel and the straight flow channel are formed and simultaneously the cooling liquid flow field is formed in a stamping mode, so that the processing is simpler and the cost is saved.
Preferably, one of two edges in the length direction of the cathode plate and the anode plate is provided with an air inlet, and the other edge is provided with an air outlet; and one edge of the two edges in the width direction of the cathode plate and the anode plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet and a cooling liquid inlet, and the other edge is provided with a hydrogen outlet and a cooling liquid outlet. The structure has the advantages that because the air inflow is large, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged in the length direction, so that enough arrangement space is provided, the uniform air conveying is facilitated, and the air conveying amount is adapted; the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are arranged in the width direction due to the small air input of the hydrogen, so that the hydrogen can be conveyed; meanwhile, the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are also arranged in the width direction, so that on one hand, the total flowing direction of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flow field is along the length direction, and the length direction is consistent with the direction of the straight flow channel, thereby being beneficial to reducing the flowing resistance of the cooling liquid, being beneficial to carrying out heat exchange with reaction heat and enabling the temperature of each electrode on the surface of the membrane electrode to be uniformly distributed; on the other hand, the cooling liquid flow field is a grid-shaped space formed by combining the wave-shaped cooling flow channel and the straight strip-shaped cooling flow channel, so that the cooling effect can be improved.
Preferably, the air inlet, the air outlet, the hydrogen inlet, the hydrogen outlet, the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet penetrate through the cathode plate and the anode plate which are connected together. Therefore, working medium inlets formed by combining a plurality of bipolar plates are shared, and the working medium is convenient to convey.
Preferably, the hydrogen inlet is arranged in the middle, and the cooling liquid inlets are arranged on two sides of the hydrogen inlet; the hydrogen outlet is arranged in the middle, and the cooling liquid outlets are arranged on two sides of the hydrogen outlet.
Preferably, the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are provided with reinforcing ribs for supporting the bipolar plate and making the distribution of the coolant more uniform.
Preferably, a gas guide area is arranged between the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet and the straight flow channel, and the gas guide area is provided with a guide structure, so that gas is uniformly distributed, and the reaction is more sufficient.
Preferably, the flow guide structure is formed by a plurality of protrusions uniformly arranged along a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the hydrogen gas.
Preferably, the four top corners of the cathode plate and the anode plate are provided with positioning holes with the same size.
A fuel cell comprises the fuel cell metal bipolar plate.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the utility model discloses set up the straight runner on the anode plate and set up wavy runner on the negative plate to the design of adaptability is made to the runner to the characteristic of oxygen and hydrogen, makes the diffusion velocity of oxygen and hydrogen can reach the balance with the reaction between oxygen and the hydrogen, lets chemical reaction more abundant, improves fuel cell's generating efficiency and output performance.
2. The utility model discloses let fuel cell's chemical reaction more abundant to can prevent because of the local overheat phenomenon that the reaction is not abundant and appears, improve fuel cell's output performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 and 2 are schematic structural views of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to example 1 of the present invention, in which fig. 1 is a front view of a cathode plate side and fig. 2 is a front view of an anode plate side;
fig. 3 and 4 are exploded views of a fuel cell metal bipolar plate of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial view of the cathode plate of FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the anode plate of FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial view of the cathode plate of FIG. 4;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of the anode plate of FIG. 4;
in the figure: 1. a coolant inlet; 2. positioning holes; 3. an air inlet; 4. an air inlet; 5. an air inlet; 6. an air inlet; 7. positioning holes; 8. a coolant outlet; 9. a hydrogen inlet; 10. a coolant outlet; 11. positioning holes; 12. an air outlet; 13. an air outlet; 14. an air outlet; 15. an air outlet; 16. reinforcing ribs; 17. positioning holes; 18. a coolant inlet; 19. a flow guide area; 20. a flow guide structure; 21. a hydrogen outlet; 22. a straight flow channel; 23. a wavy flow channel; 24. an anode plate; 25. a cathode plate; 26. a straight strip-shaped cooling runner; 27. a wavy cooling flow channel; 28. a coolant flow field.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, the fuel cell metal bipolar plate of the present invention includes a cathode plate 25, an anode plate 24, and a coolant flow field 28 formed between the cathode plate 25 and the anode plate 24. Wherein, a plurality of parallel wavy flow channels 23 are arranged in the middle of the cathode plate 25, and a plurality of parallel direct current channels 22 are arranged in the middle of the anode plate 24.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the cathode plate 25 and the anode plate 24 are both rectangular structures, wherein the wavy flow channels 23 of the cathode plate 25 are arranged along the width direction of the cathode plate 25, and the straight flow channels 22 of the anode plate 24 are arranged along the length direction of the anode plate 24. Its aim at, the flow field structure of negative plate 25 produces water at the during operation, sets up through the width direction who lets wavy runner 23 along negative plate 25 for the length of wavy runner 23 is shorter, thereby is favorable to the timely discharge of water, promotes fuel cell's performance.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the cathode plate 25 and the anode plate 24 are connected back to back, for example, fixedly connected by welding, the middle area of the outward side of the cathode plate 25 forms the wavy flow channel 23, and the middle area of the outward side of the anode plate 24 forms the straight flow channel 22. Like this, by a plurality of the utility model discloses a bipolar plate series connection is in the same place, sets up the membrane electrode between the bipolar plate, and negative plate 25, anode plate 24 and middle membrane electrode between two adjacent bipolar plates constitute fuel cell's basic electricity generation subassembly to constitute the fuel cell who comprises a plurality of electricity generation subassemblies.
Referring to fig. 3-4 and 7-10, the wavy flow channels 23 of the cathode plate 25 are formed by punching the back side of the cathode plate 25 to the front side along the width direction, and the wavy cooling flow channels 27 are formed in the concave areas of the back side of the cathode plate 25; the straight flow channel 22 on the anode plate 24 is formed by punching the back side of the anode plate 24 to the front side along the length direction, and a straight strip-shaped cooling flow channel 26 is formed in the recessed area of the back side of the anode plate 24; the wavy cooling flow channels 27 and the straight cooling flow channels 26 are combined together to form the cooling liquid flow field 28. By adopting the structure, the wavy flow channel 23 and the straight flow channel 22 are formed and the cooling liquid flow field 28 is also formed at the same time in a stamping mode, so that the processing is simpler and the cost is saved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, of the two edges of the cathode plate 25 and the anode plate 24 in the length direction, one edge is provided with a plurality of air inlets 3, 4, 5, 6, and the other edge is provided with a plurality of air outlets 12, 13, 14, 15; one of two edges of the width direction of the cathode plate 25 and the anode plate 24 is provided with a hydrogen inlet 9 and cooling liquid inlets 1 and 18, wherein the hydrogen inlet 9 is arranged in the middle, and the cooling liquid inlets 1 and 18 are arranged at two sides of the hydrogen inlet 9; the hydrogen outlet 21 is provided in the middle, and the coolant outlets 8, 10 are provided on both sides of the hydrogen outlet 21. Because the air intake quantity is large, the plurality of air inlets 3, 4, 5 and 6 and the plurality of air outlets 12, 13, 14 and 15 are respectively arranged in the length direction, so that enough arrangement space is provided, the uniform air conveying is facilitated, and the air conveying quantity is adapted; the hydrogen inlet 9 and the hydrogen outlet 21 are respectively arranged in the width direction due to the small air inflow of the hydrogen, so that the hydrogen can be conveyed; meanwhile, the cooling liquid inlets 1 and 18 and the cooling liquid outlets 8 and 10 are also respectively arranged in the width direction, so that on one hand, the overall flowing direction of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flow field 28 is along the length direction, and the length direction is consistent with the direction of the straight flow channel 22, thereby being beneficial to reducing the flowing resistance of the cooling liquid, and on the other hand, the cooling effect can be improved because the cooling liquid flow field 28 is a grid-shaped space formed by combining the wavy cooling flow channel 27 and the straight strip-shaped cooling flow channel 26.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the air inlets 3, 4, 5, 6, the air outlets 12, 13, 14, 15, the hydrogen inlet 9, the hydrogen outlet 21, the coolant inlets 1, 18 and the coolant outlets 8, 10 penetrate through the cathode plate 25 and the anode plate 24 connected together in the thickness direction and communicate with corresponding channels at corresponding positions in the thickness direction, for example, the air inlets 3, 4, 5, 6 and the air outlets 12, 13, 14, 15 communicate with the corrugated flow channel 23 at a thickness position corresponding to the corrugated flow channel 23 of the cathode plate 25, the hydrogen inlet 9 and the hydrogen outlet 21 communicate with the corrugated flow channel 22 at a thickness position corresponding to the corrugated flow channel 22 of the anode plate 24, and the coolant inlets 1, 18 and the coolant outlets 8, 10 communicate with the coolant flow field 28 at a position where the cathode plate 25 and the anode plate 24 are connected. Therefore, working medium inlets formed by combining a plurality of bipolar plates are shared, and the working medium is convenient to convey.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the coolant inlets 1, 18 and the coolant outlets 8, 10 are provided with ribs 16 for supporting the bipolar plates while providing a more uniform distribution of the coolant, and the ribs 16 may be formed on the cathode plate 25 or/and the anode plate 24 by stamping.
Referring to fig. 2, 6, 8 and 9, a gas guiding area 19 is disposed between the hydrogen inlet 9 and the hydrogen outlet 21 and the straight flow channel 22, and the gas guiding area 19 is provided with a guiding structure 20, so that the gas is uniformly distributed and the reaction is sufficient. The flow guide structure 20 is composed of a plurality of protrusions uniformly arranged along a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of hydrogen, and hydrogen flows through the protrusions, is uniformly dispersed, and then enters the straight flow channel 22.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the four corners of the cathode plate 25 and the anode plate 24 are respectively provided with positioning holes 2, 7, 11, 17 with the same size. This allows the cathode plate 25 and the anode plate 24 to be more secure and more accurately positioned.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the positions of the air inlets 3, 4, 5, 6 and the air outlets 12, 13, 14, 15, the positions of the hydrogen inlet 9 and the hydrogen outlet 21, and the positions of the coolant inlets 1, 18 and the coolant outlets 8, 10 in embodiment 1 are interchanged.
Other embodiments than those described above in this example were performed with reference to example 1.
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the wavy flow channel and the straight flow channel are both arranged along the length direction of the cathode plate and the anode plate.
Other embodiments than those described above in this example were performed with reference to example 1.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a fuel cell comprising the fuel cell metal bipolar plate of the present invention.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent replacement modes, and all are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A fuel cell metal bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate (25), an anode plate (24) and a cooling liquid flow field (28) formed between the cathode plate (25) and the anode plate (24), and is characterized in that a plurality of parallel wavy flow channels (23) are arranged in the middle of the cathode plate (25), and a plurality of parallel straight flow channels (22) are arranged in the middle of the anode plate (24).
2. The fuel cell metallic bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the cathode plate (25) and the anode plate (24) have a rectangular structure, wherein the wavy flow channels (23) of the cathode plate (25) are arranged along the width direction of the cathode plate (25), and the straight flow channels (22) of the anode plate (24) are arranged along the length direction of the anode plate (24).
3. The fuel cell metallic bipolar plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cathode plate (25) and the anode plate (24) are connected together in a back-to-back manner, the middle area of the outward side of the cathode plate (25) forms the wavy flow channel (23), and the middle area of the outward side of the anode plate (24) forms the straight flow channel (22).
4. The fuel cell metallic bipolar plate of claim 2, wherein the wavy flow channels (23) of the cathode plate (25) are punched from the backside of the cathode plate (25) to the front side in the width direction, and the wavy cooling flow channels (27) are formed by the recessed areas of the backside of the cathode plate (25); the straight flow channel (22) on the anode plate (24) is formed by stamping the back side of the anode plate (24) to the front side along the length direction, and a straight strip-shaped cooling flow channel (26) is formed in a sunken area on the back side of the anode plate (24); the wave-shaped cooling flow channels (27) and the straight strip-shaped cooling flow channels (26) are combined together to form the cooling liquid flow field (28).
5. The fuel cell metallic bipolar plate according to claim 2, wherein the cathode plate (25) and the anode plate (24) have air inlets (3, 4, 5, 6) at one edge and air outlets (12, 13, 14, 15) at the other edge; one edge of two edges of the width direction of the cathode plate (25) and the anode plate (24) is provided with a hydrogen inlet (9) and cooling liquid inlets (1, 18), and the other edge is provided with a hydrogen outlet (21) and cooling liquid outlets (8, 10).
6. The fuel cell metallic bipolar plate according to claim 5, wherein the air inlets (3, 4, 5, 6), the air outlets (12, 13, 14, 15), the hydrogen inlet (9), the hydrogen outlet (21), the coolant inlets (1, 18) and the coolant outlets (8, 10) penetrate through the cathode plate (25) and the anode plate (24) which are connected together.
7. The fuel cell metallic bipolar plate according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the hydrogen inlet (9) is disposed in the middle, and the coolant inlets (1, 18) are disposed on both sides of the hydrogen inlet (9); the hydrogen outlet (21) is arranged in the middle, and the cooling liquid outlets (8, 10) are arranged on two sides of the hydrogen outlet (21).
8. The fuel cell metallic bipolar plate according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the coolant inlet (1, 18) and the coolant outlet (8, 10) are provided with ribs (16).
9. The fuel cell metallic bipolar plate according to claim 5, wherein a gas guiding area (19) is provided between the hydrogen inlet (9) and the hydrogen outlet (21) and the straight flow channel (22), and the gas guiding area (19) is provided with a flow guiding structure (20).
10. The fuel cell metallic bipolar plate according to claim 9, wherein the flow guide structure (20) is formed of a plurality of protrusions uniformly arranged in a direction perpendicular to a flow direction of the hydrogen gas.
11. The fuel cell metal bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 2, 4 to 6 and 9 to 10, wherein the positioning holes (2, 7, 11, 17) with the same size are arranged at the four corners of the cathode plate (25) and the anode plate (24).
12. A fuel cell comprising the fuel cell metallic bipolar plate of any one of claims 1 to 11.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020094405.7U CN211907585U (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Fuel cell metal bipolar plate and fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202020094405.7U CN211907585U (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Fuel cell metal bipolar plate and fuel cell |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113451604A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-28 | 山东工业职业学院 | Novel metal bipolar plate of hydrogen fuel cell |
| CN113793946A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-14 | 嘉寓氢能源科技(辽宁)有限公司 | Metal bipolar plate for proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN114678558A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-06-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate and fuel cell stack with same |
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2020
- 2020-01-16 CN CN202020094405.7U patent/CN211907585U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113451604A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-28 | 山东工业职业学院 | Novel metal bipolar plate of hydrogen fuel cell |
| CN113793946A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-14 | 嘉寓氢能源科技(辽宁)有限公司 | Metal bipolar plate for proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN114678558A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-06-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate and fuel cell stack with same |
| CN114678558B (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2023-08-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate and fuel cell stack with same |
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