CN211896513U - Pond Aquaculture Water Ecological Governance System - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ecological management system for aquaculture water in a pond, comprising a drainage channel for receiving water discharged from a pond, a sedimentation tank, an aeration oxidation tank and an ecological purification tank; the drainage channel, the sedimentation tank, the aeration oxidation tank and the ecological The purification tanks are connected in sequence according to the water flow direction; the sedimentation tank includes a sedimentation tank body, floating leaf plants and/or floating beds arranged in the sedimentation tank body, and a first water distribution arranged at opposite ends of the sedimentation tank body according to the water flow direction A ditch and a second water distribution ditch, and a filter dam arranged between the sedimentation tank body and the second water distribution ditch. The pond aquaculture water ecological management system of the utility model carries out multi-level system purification for the aquaculture water based on the principles of physical action and biological action, so that the treated water body can be recycled for aquaculture utilization or discharged to the external water body up to the standard. The water quality treatment method based on this system is green, environmentally friendly, and has strong operability, which can provide a reference for pond aquaculture water ecological treatment technology, and is worthy of promotion in the field of fishery sewage treatment.

Description

Pond Aquaculture Water Ecological Governance System

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a pond culture water ecological treatment system.

Background technique

my country has a long history of pond culture. At present, pond culture has become the main aquaculture production method in my country and the main source of aquatic product supply in China. There are a series of problems such as a large amount of bait input, a large number of drugs and a large number of water changes in the breeding process, which make the non-point source pollution of the aquaculture discharge water very serious, and nitrogen and phosphorus are the main emission components of the aquaculture system. About 20% and 30% of phosphorus are converted into aquatic products, and the rest are mostly deposited in the pond bottom or discharged into the external environment with the water body, causing water pollution such as eutrophication, red tide and green tide. On the other hand, because the polluted water body cannot be recycled, the problem of water waste is also very prominent.

Aquaculture water treatment and reuse have become a key link in the study of the sustainable development of aquaculture, and an important measure to practice water ecological civilization. In order to reduce the impact of aquaculture water on environmental water bodies, protect the ecological environment of fishery waters, improve the quality and safety level of aquaculture aquatic products, and promote the transformation and upgrading of aquaculture fisheries, all provinces and cities have carried out aquaculture water governance action plans, and carried out pilot technology promotion. The demand is huge.

For the treatment technology of aquaculture water, physical, chemical and biological treatment methods are mostly used. At present, chemical methods or treatment technologies that take into account chemical methods are mostly used. Although chemical methods are fast in time, they often greatly increase the cost of aquaculture and are accompanied by certain side effects. .

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a green and environment-friendly pond culture water ecological management system.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is as follows: a pond culture water ecological treatment system is provided, which includes a drainage channel for receiving the water discharged from the pond, a sedimentation tank, an aeration oxidation tank and an ecological purification tank; the drainage channel, The sedimentation tank, the aeration oxidation tank and the ecological purification tank are connected in sequence according to the water flow direction;

The sedimentation tank includes a sedimentation tank body, floating leaf plants and/or floating beds arranged in the sedimentation tank body, a first water distribution ditch and a second water distribution channel arranged at opposite ends of the sedimentation tank body according to the water flow direction. A ditch, a filter dam arranged between the sedimentation tank body and the second water distribution ditch.

Preferably, the filter dam comprises a hollow brick wall and a dense brick wall arranged oppositely at intervals, and a porous adsorption filter material filled between the hollow brick wall and the dense brick wall;

The air brick wall is used as the water inlet side of the filter dam; the lower part of the dense brick wall is provided with drainage holes as the water outlet side of the filter dam.

Preferably, the porous adsorption filter material includes a crushed stone layer, a fine stone layer and a coarse sand layer arranged from top to bottom.

Preferably, the aeration and oxidation pond includes an oxidation pond body, an aeration unit arranged in the oxidation pond body, and an ecological floating bed arranged on the surface of the oxidation pond body.

Preferably, the aeration unit is an aeration pan or a microporous aeration tube.

Preferably, an insulating layer is laid on the bottom surface of the oxidation tank body, and the aeration unit is located on the insulating layer.

Preferably, the area of the ecological floating bed is equal to or greater than 10% of the area of the oxidation tank.

Preferably, the ecological purification pond comprises a purification pond body, submerged water plants arranged at the bottom of the purification pond body, floating water plants arranged on the surface of the purification pond body, and emergent water arranged around the purification pond body plant.

Preferably, the ecological purification tank further includes filter-feeding aquatic organisms stocked in the purification tank body.

Preferably, the area of the sedimentation tank accounts for 30%-40% of the total area of the pond aquaculture water ecological management system;

The area of the ecological purification pond accounts for 40%-50% of the total area of the pond aquaculture water ecological management system.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: based on the principle of physical action and biological action, multi-level system purification is performed on aquaculture water, so that the treated water body can be recycled for aquaculture utilization or discharged to the external water body up to the standard. The water quality treatment method based on this system is green, environmentally friendly, and has strong operability, which can provide a reference for pond aquaculture water ecological treatment technology, and is worthy of promotion in the field of fishery sewage treatment.

Description of drawings

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the pond culture water ecological management system of an embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the plane structure schematic diagram of filter dam in Fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the filter dam in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The pond aquaculture water ecological management system of the utility model is arranged outside the aquaculture pond, and purifies the pond discharge water so as to make it meet the standard of aquaculture water or the standard of the receiving water body of the external river.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the pond culture water ecological treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a drainage channel 10 , a sedimentation tank 20 , an aeration oxidation tank 30 and an ecological purification tank 40 . The drainage channel 10 is used to receive the water discharged from the pond. According to the direction of water flow, the drainage channel 10, the sedimentation tank 20, the aeration oxidation tank 30 and the ecological purification tank 40 are connected in sequence to form an orderly connection to form a pond aquaculture water ecological management system.

According to different culture objects, the ratio of the pond culture water ecological management system of the utility model to the total area of the pond culture to be treated can be adjusted flexibly. When the pond culture objects are Penaeus vannamei, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Penaeus monodon, etc., the area of the system shall not be less than 5% of the total aquaculture area; 3%; when the pond culture objects are sunfish, California perch, yellow catfish, hybrid snakehead, channel catfish, etc., the system covers an area of not less than 8% of the total culture area; when the pond culture objects are turtles, etc., the system covers an area The area shall not be less than 10% of the total aquaculture area; when the pond culture objects are the four major domestic carp and tilapia, the system covers an area of not less than 6% of the total aquaculture area.

Among them, the drainage channel 10 is a transportation channel for pond culture water, which can transport the water to the sedimentation tank 20 . The drainage channel 10 can be formed by widening and digging the original channel of the breeding pond to improve the drainage capacity of the channel. The drain 10 may also be formed by a pipe arrangement.

The sedimentation tank 20 is mainly used to remove suspended substances in the water body, and its area accounts for 30%-40% of the total area of the pond aquaculture water ecological management system. The sedimentation tank 20 is set at a relatively convenient location in the culture pond as far as possible, so as to facilitate the extraction and treatment of sediments. The sedimentation tank 20 may include a sedimentation tank body 21 , floating leaf plants and/or floating beds 22 arranged in the sedimentation tank body 21 , a first water distribution channel 23 and a second water distribution channel 23 arranged at opposite ends of the sedimentation tank body 21 according to the water flow direction The water distribution ditch 24 and the filter dam 25 arranged between the sedimentation tank body 21 and the second water distribution ditch 24 .

The first water distribution ditch 23 and the second water distribution ditch 24 can increase the buffering of water, ensure that the water is evenly distributed in the sedimentation tank 20 before the water enters and after the water is discharged, and prevent short-circuit flow and dead water area. In the floating-leaf plants and/or the floating bed 22, the floating-leaf plants can be water lilies, which can further absorb suspended substances in the water body and increase the transparency.

The filter dam 25 is used to further filter out the suspended solids in the water body, and the dam width is not less than 2 meters.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the filter dam 25 may include a hollow brick wall 251 and a solid brick wall 252 arranged opposite to each other, and a porous adsorption filter material 253 filled between the hollow brick wall 251 and the solid brick wall 252 . The air brick wall 251 serves as the water inlet side of the filter dam 25 ; the lower part of the dense brick wall 252 is provided with a drainage hole 254 as the water outlet side of the filter dam 25 .

Among them, the hollow brick wall 251 can be formed by using two rows of hollow bricks, and the direction of the holes of the hollow bricks is consistent with the direction of the water flow. The drainage hole 254 at the lower part of the solid brick wall 252 may be 20cm×20cm in size.

The porous adsorption filter material 253 is formed by selecting different particle sizes of stone particles. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , the porous adsorption filter material 253 includes a crushed stone layer 2531 , a fine stone layer 2532 and a coarse sand layer 2533 arranged from top to bottom, and the thickness of each layer can be 30cm. Some plants can also be planted on the porous adsorption filter material 253 in combination with the landscape effect.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the aeration and oxidation tank 30 is used to increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body and accelerate the oxidative decomposition of organic pollutants, and its area accounts for about 10% of the total area of the system.

The aeration and oxidation tank 30 may include an oxidation tank body 31 , an aeration unit 32 disposed in the oxidation tank body 31 , and an ecological floating bed 33 disposed on the surface of the oxidation tank body 31 . Wherein, the aeration unit 32 may be an aeration disc or a microporous aeration tube. In order to prevent the release of bottom sludge pollutants in the oxidation tank body 31, an insulating layer (not shown) can be laid on the bottom surface of the oxidation tank body, and the aeration unit 32 is located on the insulating layer; The ecological floating bed 33 can further absorb suspended matter and nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, and the area is equal to or greater than 10% of the oxidation tank body 31 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the ecological purification tank 40 mainly uses aquatic organisms of different trophic levels to remove water pollutants to the greatest extent, and its area accounts for 40%-50% of the total area of the system.

The ecological purification tank 40 includes a purification tank body 41 , submerged water plants 42 arranged at the bottom of the purification tank body 41 , floating water plants 43 arranged on the surface of the purification tank body 41 , and emergent plants 44 arranged around the purification tank body 41 . Wherein, the submerged plants 42 include at least one of bitter grass, black algae, and elegans; the floating plants 43 can be water lilies; and the emergent plants can include at least one of water lilies, canna, iris, and the like. The coverage area of aquatic plants such as submerged plants 42, floating plants 43 and emergent plants 44 is not less than 40% of the purification tank body 41, so as to absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the purified water.

The ecological purification tank 40 also includes filter-feeding aquatic organisms 45 stocked in the purification tank body 41 to further filter tiny plankton, bacteria, organic debris and the like in the water body. Filter-feeding aquatics 45 choose silver carp and bighead carp.

When the utility model is used, firstly, the ratio of the total area of cultivating in the pond is determined according to the cultivating objects in the pond, and then the areas of the sedimentation tank 20, the aeration oxidation tank 30 and the ecological purification tank 40 are determined. During treatment, the pond culture water is transported to the sedimentation tank 20 through the drainage channel 10. After entering the sedimentation tank 20, the water flow is buffered by the first water distribution ditch 23 and evenly enters the sedimentation tank body 21 to degrade the suspended matter in the water body, and then passes through the filter dam 25. Suspensions are degraded to the greatest extent possible by adsorption. Then, the water body flows into the aeration and oxidation tank 30 after passing through the second water distribution ditch 24, and the organic pollutants in the water body are decomposed by oxidation. Finally, the water body enters the ecological purification tank 40, and through the biological action of aquatic animals and plants, nitrogen and phosphorus, microplankton, bacteria, organic debris and other pollutants in the water body are further removed, so that the COD, total nitrogen, total The main indicators such as phosphorus shall not be lower than the water quality target of the receiving water body or meet the aquaculture water quality requirements.

Alternatively, the water treated by the pond aquaculture water ecological management system can be recharged into the aquaculture fish pond to form a water circulation management system to solve the problem of water shortage or waste. The water treated by the pond aquaculture water ecological management system can also be directly discharged into the external river to solve the problem of water environment pollution of the aquaculture water.

The above descriptions are only the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the patent of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other Relevant technical fields are similarly included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a pond culture water ecological management system, is characterized in that, comprises the drainage channel, sedimentation tank, aeration oxidation tank and ecological purification tank of receiving pond discharge water; Described drainage channel, sedimentation tank, aeration oxidation tank and ecological Purification pools are connected in sequence according to the direction of water flow; The sedimentation tank includes a sedimentation tank body, floating leaf plants and/or floating beds arranged in the sedimentation tank body, a first water distribution ditch and a second water distribution channel arranged at opposite ends of the sedimentation tank body according to the water flow direction. A ditch, a filter dam arranged between the sedimentation tank body and the second water distribution ditch. 2. The pond culture water ecological management system according to claim 1, wherein the filter dam comprises a hollow brick wall and a dense brick wall that are arranged oppositely at intervals, and a porous brick wall filled between the hollow brick wall and the dense brick wall. adsorption filter material; The hollow brick wall is used as the water inlet side of the filter dam; the lower part of the dense brick wall is provided with drainage holes as the water outlet side of the filter dam. 3 . The pond culture water ecological management system according to claim 2 , wherein the porous adsorption filter material comprises a crushed stone layer, a fine stone layer and a coarse sand layer arranged from top to bottom. 4 . 4. pond culture water ecological management system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described aeration oxidation pond comprises oxidation pond body, the aeration unit that is arranged in described oxidation pond body, is arranged in described oxidation pond Ecological floating bed on the body surface. 5 . The pond culture water ecological management system according to claim 4 , wherein the aeration unit is an aeration disc or a microporous aeration pipe. 6 . 6 . The pond culture water ecological management system according to claim 4 , wherein an insulating layer is laid on the bottom surface of the oxidation tank body, and the aeration unit is located on the insulating layer. 7 . 7 . The pond culture water ecological management system according to claim 4 , wherein the area of the ecological floating bed is equal to or greater than 10% of the area of the oxidation tank. 8 . 8. The pond culture water ecological management system according to claim 1, wherein the ecological purification pond comprises a purification pond body, a submerged plant arranged at the bottom of the purification pond body, and a submerged water plant arranged on the purification pond body. The floating plants on the surface layer and the emergent plants arranged around the purification tank body. 9 . The pond culture water ecological management system according to claim 8 , wherein the ecological purification pond further comprises filter-feeding aquatic organisms stocked in the purification pond body. 10 . 10. The pond culture water ecological governance system according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the area of the sedimentation tank accounts for 30%-40% of the total area of the pond culture water ecological governance system; The area of the ecological purification pond accounts for 40%-50% of the total area of the pond culture water ecological management system.

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