CN211823810U - Control system of plasma cooling bed skull furnace - Google Patents
Control system of plasma cooling bed skull furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN211823810U CN211823810U CN201922255309.6U CN201922255309U CN211823810U CN 211823810 U CN211823810 U CN 211823810U CN 201922255309 U CN201922255309 U CN 201922255309U CN 211823810 U CN211823810 U CN 211823810U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of non ferrous metal smelting equipment, and relates to a control system of a plasma cold bed skull melting furnace, which comprises a network port, wherein the network port is respectively connected with an industrial personal computer, a controller, a plurality of plasma power supplies and a plurality of drive control systems through an industrial Ethernet; through the structural layout design of the system, the plasma cold bed skull furnace works in the inert atmosphere close to the atmospheric pressure, the control system can control the processes of feeding, smelting, refining and crystal supporting of the plasma cold field smelting, and through accurately controlling the chemical components of the alloy, the volatilization of high-volatility elements such as Al, Sn, Mn, Cr and the like is effectively prevented, the accurate control of the content of high-alloying and complex alloying titanium alloy elements is realized, so that the ingot with high and low density impurities is effectively removed, and the ingot with uniform tissue is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of non ferrous metal melting equipment, a control system of plasma cold bed skull furnace is related to.
Background
In large-scale industrial smelting of titanium and titanium alloys, electric arc furnaces and cold hearth furnaces are essential equipment for producing high-quality ingots. The input power of the electric arc furnace is coupled with the melting and solidification speed in the smelting process: when the input power is small, the molten pool is shallow and less than the edge; when the input power is high, a deep molten pool can appear, the removal effect of high-density inclusions sinking into the bottom of the molten pool is poor, when a large temperature gradient exists from the center of the molten pool to the wall of the crucible, the radial solidification difference of the cast ingot is large, and the dendritic crystal of the cast ingot is obvious. Therefore, the electron beam cold hearth furnace must be smelted under high vacuum, and smelting titanium alloy containing high-volatility elements is difficult, and the chemical composition of the alloy cannot be accurately controlled.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned prior art's shortcoming, provide a control system of plasma cold bed skull furnace, pay-off that can control plasma cold field and smelt, refine and the crystallization drags the ingot process to obtain organizing even ingot casting.
The utility model aims at solving through the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the utility model provides a control system of plasma cold bed skull furnace, including the system body, the system body includes: a network port for transmitting data to the system management layer, wherein the network port is respectively connected with an industrial personal computer, a controller, a plurality of plasma power supplies and a plurality of drive control systems through an industrial Ethernet,
the plasma power supply comprises a first plasma power supply, a second plasma power supply and a third plasma power supply, wherein the first plasma power supply is connected with the smelting plasma torch, the second plasma power supply is connected with the refining plasma torch, the third plasma power supply is connected with the crystallization control plasma gun, and the controller is connected with the smelting auxiliary system;
the driving control system comprises a feeding driving control system for controlling the feeding device in the furnace chamber, a first driving control system for controlling the inclination angle of the smelting cooling bed, a second driving control system for controlling the inclination angle of the refining cooling bed, a third driving control system for controlling the ingot dragging system, a fourth driving control system for controlling the feeding of the smelting plasma torch, a fifth driving control system for controlling the angle of the smelting plasma torch, a sixth driving control system for controlling the feeding of the refining plasma torch, a seventh driving control system for controlling the swinging of the refining plasma torch and an eighth driving control system for controlling the feeding of the crystallization control plasma torch.
Furthermore, the smelting auxiliary system comprises a cooling system, a furnace chamber vacuum system, a feeding chamber vacuum unit, a feeding chamber and a feeding device, wherein the feeding chamber vacuum unit is communicated with the feeding chamber, and the cooling system and the furnace chamber vacuum system are both communicated with the furnace chamber.
Further, the seventh drive control system adopts a dual-axis drive control system.
Furthermore, the arc starting modes of the melting plasma torch, the refining plasma torch and the crystallization control plasma torch adopt transferred arc starting.
Furthermore, the melting plasma torch, the refining plasma torch and the crystallization control plasma torch can be lifted and lowered, and have inclination angles adjusted towards four directions around.
Further, the input power of the melting plasma torch and the refining plasma torch and the feeding speed of the feeding device are adjusted by corresponding plasma power supplies and controllers.
Further, the plasma cold bed skull furnace comprises a furnace chamber, and the furnace chamber is connected with a smelting chamber vacuum system, a cooling system and an argon filling system;
the right side of the furnace chamber is provided with a feeding chamber, and a feeding door for feeding is arranged in the feeding chamber; the feeding chamber is communicated with a feeding chamber vacuum unit, gate valves are arranged on the feeding chamber and the furnace chamber, and the feeding device is divided into a feeding chamber section feeding device and a furnace chamber section feeding device by the gate valves;
a smelting cold bed is arranged below the discharge side of the furnace chamber section feeding device, and a smelting plasma torch is arranged on a furnace body above the smelting cold bed; the overflow side of the smelting cold bed is connected with a refining cold bed, and a refining plasma torch is arranged on a furnace body above the refining cold bed;
the overflow side of the refining cooling bed is connected with an ingot casting crystallizer, an ingot dragging system is arranged below the ingot casting crystallizer, and a crystallization control plasma gun is arranged on a furnace body above the ingot casting crystallizer; and a crystal solidification observation window is arranged on the furnace body in front of the crystal control plasma gun.
Further, the refining cooling bed is positioned on the right side of the ingot casting crystallizer, and molten metal liquid in the refining cooling bed overflows to a position higher than that of the ingot casting crystallizer.
Further, the smelting cooling bed can be inclined towards the refining cooling bed, and the refining cooling bed is inclined towards the ingot casting crystallizer.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a technical scheme specifically includes following beneficial effect: through the structural layout design of the system, the plasma cold bed skull furnace works in the inert atmosphere close to the atmospheric pressure, the control system can control the processes of feeding, smelting, refining and crystal supporting of the plasma cold field smelting, and through accurately controlling the chemical components of the alloy, the volatilization of high-volatility elements such as Al, Sn, Mn, Cr and the like is effectively prevented, the accurate control of the content of high-alloying and complex alloying titanium alloy elements is realized, so that the ingot with high and low density impurities is effectively removed, and the ingot with uniform tissue is obtained.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a connection block diagram of a control system of a plasma cold bed skull furnace provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma cold bed skull furnace provided by the utility model.
Wherein: 1. a cooling system; 2. a furnace chamber vacuum system; 3. a spindle dragging system; 4. a crystallization control plasma gun; 5. a refining cold bed; 6. a smelting cold bed; 7. smelting a plasma torch; 8. an argon filling system; 9. a feeding device; 10. a gate valve; 11. a feed chamber vacuum unit; 12. a feed chamber; 13. a feed gate; 14. a system body; 15. a crystallization solidification observation window; 16. a refining plasma torch; 17. melting the observation window; 18. an electrode rod; 19. a ingot casting crystallizer; 20. a furnace chamber; 21. a first camera observation system; 22. a second camera observation system; 23. an industrial Ethernet; 24. an industrial personal computer; 25. a first plasma power supply; 26. a second plasma power supply; 27. a third plasma power supply; 28. a controller; 29. a smelting auxiliary system; 30. a feed drive control system; 31. a first drive control system; 32. a second drive control system; 33. a third drive control system; 34. a fourth drive control system; 35. a fifth drive control system; 36. a sixth drive control system; 37. a seventh drive control system; 38. an eighth drive control system; 39. a network port.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of systems consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1, the utility model provides a control system of plasma cold bed skull furnace, including system body 14, system body 14 includes: a network port 39 for transmitting data to the system management layer, the network port 39 is respectively connected with an industrial personal computer 24, a controller 28, a plurality of plasma power supplies and a plurality of drive control systems through an industrial Ethernet 23,
the plasma power supply comprises a first plasma power supply 25, a second plasma power supply 26 and a third plasma power supply 27, wherein the first plasma power supply 25 is connected with the melting plasma torch 7, the second plasma power supply 26 is connected with the refining plasma torch 16, the third plasma power supply 27 is connected with the crystallization control plasma torch 4, and the controller 28 is connected with a melting auxiliary system 29;
the driving control system comprises a feeding driving control system 30 for controlling the feeding device 9 in the furnace chamber, a first driving control system 31 for controlling the inclination angle of the smelting cooling bed 6, a second driving control system 32 for controlling the inclination angle of the refining cooling bed 5, a third driving control system 33 for controlling the ingot dragging system 3, a fourth driving control system 34 for controlling the feeding of the smelting plasma torch 7, a fifth driving control system 35 for controlling the angle of the smelting plasma torch 7, a sixth driving control system 36 for controlling the feeding of the refining plasma torch 16, a seventh driving control system 37 for controlling the swinging of the refining plasma torch 16, and an eighth driving control system 38 for controlling the feeding of the crystallization control plasma torch 4.
Further, the smelting auxiliary system 29 comprises a cooling system 1, a furnace chamber vacuum system 2, a feeding chamber vacuum unit 11, a feeding chamber 12 and a feeding device 9, wherein the feeding chamber vacuum unit 11 is communicated with the feeding chamber 12, and both the cooling system 1 and the furnace chamber vacuum system 2 are communicated with the furnace chamber 20.
Further, the seventh drive control system 37 employs a two-axis drive control system.
Furthermore, the arc starting modes of the melting plasma torch 7, the refining plasma torch 16 and the crystallization control plasma torch 4 are transferred arc starting.
Furthermore, the melting plasma torch 7, the refining plasma torch 16 and the crystallization control plasma torch 4 can be lifted and lowered, and have inclination angles adjusted to four directions around.
Further, the input power of the melting plasma torch 7 and the refining plasma torch 16 and the feeding speed of the feeding device 9 are adjusted by the corresponding plasma power supply and controller 28.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the plasma cold bed skull furnace includes a furnace chamber 20, and the furnace chamber 20 is connected with the melting chamber vacuum system 2, the cooling system 1 and the argon filling system 8;
the right side of the furnace chamber 20 is provided with a feeding chamber 12, and a feeding door 13 for feeding is arranged in the feeding chamber 12; the feeding chamber 12 is communicated with a feeding chamber vacuum unit 11, the feeding chamber 12 and the furnace chamber 20 are provided with gate valves 10, and the feeding device 9 is divided into a feeding chamber section feeding device and a furnace chamber section feeding device through the gate valves 10;
a smelting cold bed 6 is arranged below the discharge side of the furnace chamber section feeding device, and a smelting plasma torch 7 is arranged on a furnace body above the smelting cold bed 6; the overflow side of the smelting cold bed 6 is connected with the refining cold bed 5, and a refining plasma torch 16 is arranged on the furnace body above the refining cold bed 5;
the overflow side of the refining cooling bed 5 is connected with an ingot casting crystallizer 19, an ingot dragging system 3 is arranged below the ingot casting crystallizer 19, and a crystallization control plasma gun 4 is arranged on a furnace body above the ingot casting crystallizer 19; a crystal solidification observation window 15 is installed on the furnace body in front of the crystal control plasma gun 4.
Further, the refining cooling bed 5 is positioned at the right side of the ingot mold 19, and the molten metal liquid overflow in the refining cooling bed 5 is higher than the ingot mold 19.
Further, the melting cooling bed 6 may be inclined toward the refining cooling bed 5, and the refining cooling bed 5 may be inclined toward the ingot mold 19.
Furthermore, the utility model also provides a control method of plasma cold bed skull furnace, specifically includes following step:
s1: the pressed electrode bar 18 is arranged in the furnace chamber 20, and the furnace chamber vacuum system 2 is started until the pressure rise rate meets the requirement;
s2: argon is filled into the furnace chamber 20 by using an argon filling system 8;
s3: melting the electrode rod 18 by the melting plasma gun;
s4: smelting the electrode bar 18 smelted in S3 by using a refining plasma gun;
s5: the crystallization control plasma gun 4 heats and stirs the electrode rod 18 in the S4 again, and a cast ingot is formed after solidification;
s6: and the ingot pulling system 3 removes the ingot from the ingot crystallizer 19 according to the calculated speed to obtain the ingot with high and low density impurities removed.
To sum up, the utility model provides a control system of this kind of plasma cold bed skull furnace, its specific working process is as follows:
firstly, the pressed electrode rods 18 are loaded into the feeding device 9 and the feeding chamber 12 of the furnace chamber 20, the operator starts the furnace chamber vacuum system 2 by using the industrial personal computer 24 of the system body 14 and starts to vacuumize, and the pressure rise rate is measured after the vacuum is reached: if the pressure rise rate meets the requirement, the argon filling system 8 fills argon into the furnace chamber 20 under the control of the controller 28, and the filling of the argon is stopped after the pressure of the argon is reached;
secondly, a smelting plasma gun feeds an end part of a bar to be subjected to arc striking and smelting to form an electrode rod 18 through a feeding driving control system 30, a controller 28 increases smelting current through a first plasma power supply 25 of a smelting plasma torch 7, the feeding driving control system 30 controls a feeding device 9 in a furnace chamber to start feeding, the electrode rod 18 forms a molten pool in a smelting cold bed 6 after being subjected to high-temperature and high-energy bombardment smelting of a plasma beam, an operator operates a first driving control system 31 to control the inclination angle of the smelting cold bed 6 when observing that enough molten metal liquid in the smelting cold bed 6 is obtained through a first camera observation system 21, and the molten metal liquid overflows into a refining cold bed 5 through a notch;
then, the refining plasma torch controls the feeding of the smelting refining plasma torch 16 by using a sixth driving control system 36, so that the refining plasma torch 16 approaches to the liquid level of a molten pool, arcing is carried out, the controller 28 increases the smelting current through a second plasma power supply 26 of the refining plasma torch 16, meanwhile, a fourth driving control system 34 controls the smelting plasma torch 7 to retreat to a set position, a seventh driving control system 37 controls the swinging of the refining plasma torch 16, so that the molten metal is homogenized and alloyed in the refining cold bed 5, and high-density impurities sink to the bottom;
finally, when the operator observes that enough molten metal liquid is in the refining cooling bed 5 through the first camera observation system 21, the operator operates the second driving control system 32 to control the inclination angle of the refining cooling bed 5, and the metal liquid overflows into the ingot casting crystallizer 19 through the notch of the refining cooling bed 5. In the initial stage of ingot formation: solidifying at the bottom of the ingot casting crystallizer 19 to form an ingot casting bottom; as the inflow metal solution is increased, the ingot is gradually raised, and the fluidity of the solution at the bottom of the ingot is poor due to the cooling effect of the ingot mold 19 in the rising process, so that the cold shut defect is easily formed, therefore, the condition of the metal liquid surface in the ingot mold 19 needs to be observed through the second camera system 22, the eighth driving control system 38 drives the crystallization control plasma torch 4 to feed to the position near the metal liquid surface in the ingot mold 19, the arc is started to heat the inflow metal, the controller 28 controls the distance from the crystallization control plasma torch 4 to the liquid surface and the output current of the third plasma power supply 27, the metal solution is heated and stirred again, the proper flow of the metal solution is ensured, a flat molten pool is kept, and the ingot defect is avoided. During the stabilization phase of ingot formation: the controller 28 outputs the required current through the third plasma power supply 27 of the crystallization control plasma torch 4, and keeps the ingot casting height and the molten pool state in the ingot casting crystallizer 19; the necessary parameters can be adjusted on the industrial control computer 24 by observing with the second camera system 22. And after solidification, forming an ingot, controlling the ingot dragging system 3 by a third driving control system 33 to slowly move out of the ingot crystallizer 19 according to the speed calculated by the industrial personal computer 24 and the controller 28, and finally obtaining the ingot without high-low density impurities. High-density impurities are precipitated into the skull of the smelting cold bed 6 and the refining cold bed 5.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention, and is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to what has been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A control system of a plasma cold bed skull furnace, comprising a system body (14), characterized in that the system body (14) comprises: a network port (39) for transmitting data to the system management layer, wherein the network port (39) is respectively connected with an industrial personal computer (24), a controller (28), a plurality of plasma power supplies and a plurality of drive control systems through an industrial Ethernet (23),
the plasma power supply comprises a first plasma power supply (25), a second plasma power supply (26) and a third plasma power supply (27), wherein the first plasma power supply (25) is connected with the smelting plasma torch (7), the second plasma power supply (26) is connected with the refining plasma torch (16), the third plasma power supply (27) is connected with the crystallization control plasma gun (4), and the controller (28) is connected with a smelting auxiliary system (29);
the driving control system comprises a feeding driving control system (30) for controlling a feeding device (9) in the furnace chamber, a first driving control system (31) for controlling the inclination angle of the smelting cooling bed (6), a second driving control system (32) for controlling the inclination angle of the refining cooling bed (5), a third driving control system (33) for controlling the ingot dragging system (3), a fourth driving control system (34) for controlling the feeding of the smelting plasma torch (7), a fifth driving control system (35) for controlling the angle of the smelting plasma torch (7), a sixth driving control system (36) for controlling the feeding of the refining plasma torch (16), a seventh driving control system (37) for controlling the swinging of the refining plasma torch (16), and an eighth driving control system (38) for controlling the feeding of the crystallization plasma torch (4).
2. The control system of the plasma cold bed skull furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the smelting auxiliary system (29) comprises a cooling system (1), a furnace chamber vacuum system (2), a feeding chamber vacuum unit (11), a feeding chamber (12) and a feeding device (9), wherein the feeding chamber vacuum unit (11) is communicated with the feeding chamber (12), and the cooling system (1) and the furnace chamber vacuum system (2) are communicated with the furnace chamber (20).
3. The control system of the plasma cold bed skull furnace of claim 1, wherein the seventh drive control system (37) employs a dual-axis drive control system.
4. The control system of the plasma cold bed skull furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc starting modes of the melting plasma torch (7), the refining plasma torch (16) and the crystallization control plasma torch (4) are transferred arc starting.
5. The control system of the plasma cold bed skull furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that the melting plasma torch (7), the refining plasma torch (16) and the crystallization control plasma torch (4) can be lifted and lowered and have inclination angles adjusted towards four directions around.
6. The control system of the plasma cold bed skull furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the input power of the melting plasma torch (7), the refining plasma torch (16) and the feeding speed of the feeding device (9) are regulated by the corresponding plasma power supply and controller (28).
7. The control system of the plasma cold bed skull furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the plasma cold bed skull furnace comprises a furnace chamber (20), wherein the furnace chamber (20) is connected with a furnace chamber vacuum system (2), a cooling system (1) and an argon filling system (8);
the right side of the furnace chamber (20) is provided with a feeding chamber (12), and a feeding door (13) for charging is arranged in the feeding chamber (12); the feeding chamber (12) is communicated with a feeding chamber vacuum unit (11), gate valves (10) are arranged on the feeding chamber (12) and the furnace chamber (20), and the feeding device (9) is divided into a feeding chamber section feeding device and a furnace chamber section feeding device through the gate valves (10);
a smelting cold bed (6) is arranged below the discharge side of the furnace chamber section feeding device, and a smelting plasma torch (7) is arranged on a furnace body above the smelting cold bed (6); the overflow side of the smelting cold bed (6) is connected with the refining cold bed (5), and a refining plasma torch (16) is arranged on the furnace body above the refining cold bed (5);
the overflow side of the refining cooling bed (5) is connected with an ingot casting crystallizer (19), an ingot dragging system (3) is arranged below the ingot casting crystallizer (19), and a crystallization control plasma gun (4) is arranged on a furnace body above the ingot casting crystallizer (19); and a crystal solidification observation window (15) is arranged on the furnace body in front of the crystal control plasma gun (4).
8. The control system of the plasma cold bed skull furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that the refining cold bed (5) is located at the right side of the ingot mould (19) and the overflow of molten metal liquid in the refining cold bed (5) is higher than in the ingot mould (19).
9. The control system of the plasma cold bed skull furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that the smelting cold bed (6) can be tilted towards the refining cold bed (5), and the refining cold bed (5) is tilted towards the ingot crystallizer (19).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922255309.6U CN211823810U (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Control system of plasma cooling bed skull furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201922255309.6U CN211823810U (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Control system of plasma cooling bed skull furnace |
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| CN211823810U true CN211823810U (en) | 2020-10-30 |
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| CN201922255309.6U Active CN211823810U (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Control system of plasma cooling bed skull furnace |
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