CN211782094U - Directly-heated efficient air source heat pump system for energy gradient utilization - Google Patents

Directly-heated efficient air source heat pump system for energy gradient utilization Download PDF

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CN211782094U
CN211782094U CN201921898626.3U CN201921898626U CN211782094U CN 211782094 U CN211782094 U CN 211782094U CN 201921898626 U CN201921898626 U CN 201921898626U CN 211782094 U CN211782094 U CN 211782094U
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valve
stop valve
heat pump
air cooler
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徐英杰
毛成斌
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Abstract

一种能量梯级利用的直热式高效空气源热泵系统,所述系统包括热泵循环、水循环和卫生热水循环。本实用新型既能够保证室内供暖,又能够方便制取卫生热水,保证系统全年稳定高效运行。所述第一气冷器加热恒温水箱通过多级采暖末端实现供热,将低温采暖末端和高温采暖末端串联在水箱出口处,并通过4个截止阀进行控制,实现能量的梯级利用,既能够满足住户舒适性的要求,又不会造成过多的浪费,可谓是一举两得。同时,本实用新型通过3个截止阀控制第二气冷器加热卫生热水,满足住户用水需求。本实用新型提供了一种有效提升系统能效、效率较高的能量梯级利用的直热式高效空气源热泵系统。

Figure 201921898626

A direct-heating high-efficiency air source heat pump system for energy cascade utilization, the system includes a heat pump cycle, a water cycle and a sanitary hot water cycle. The utility model can not only ensure indoor heating, but also can conveniently prepare sanitary hot water, so as to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the system throughout the year. The first air-cooler heating constant temperature water tank realizes heating through the multi-stage heating terminal, and the low-temperature heating terminal and the high-temperature heating terminal are connected in series at the outlet of the water tank, and are controlled by four stop valves to realize the cascade utilization of energy. Satisfying the comfort requirements of the residents without causing too much waste can be said to kill two birds with one stone. At the same time, the utility model controls the second air cooler to heat the sanitary hot water through three cut-off valves, so as to meet the water demand of the households. The utility model provides a direct-heating high-efficiency air source heat pump system which can effectively improve the energy efficiency of the system and utilize the energy cascade with higher efficiency.

Figure 201921898626

Description

能量梯级利用的直热式高效空气源热泵系统Direct heating high-efficiency air source heat pump system for energy cascade utilization

技术领域technical field

本实用新型属于热泵领域,涉及一种直热式热泵。The utility model belongs to the field of heat pumps and relates to a direct heat type heat pump.

背景技术Background technique

热泵是利用少量驱动能源,把大量的低温能源变为高温能源的装置。根据热源介质可以分为空气能热泵、水源热泵、地源热泵。现有的空气能热泵就其运行模式可以分为循环式与直热式两种类型。直热式机组进水温度始终保持恒定,换热效率高,吸热能力强,冷凝温度、排气温度、排气压力和运行电流稳定,大大延长了压缩机的运行寿命,因此,直热式热泵在实际工程中越来越受到人们的重视。A heat pump is a device that uses a small amount of driving energy to convert a large amount of low-temperature energy into high-temperature energy. According to the heat source medium, it can be divided into air energy heat pump, water source heat pump and ground source heat pump. Existing air-energy heat pumps can be divided into two types: circulation type and direct heat type. The direct heating unit keeps the inlet water temperature constant, high heat exchange efficiency, strong heat absorption capacity, stable condensing temperature, exhaust temperature, exhaust pressure and operating current, which greatly prolongs the operating life of the compressor. Heat pumps have been paid more and more attention in practical engineering.

我国北方冬季温度往往很低,一些农村常常采用燃煤锅炉进行供暖,近年来环境与能源问题越来越引起关注,国家也越来越重视环保与节能,空气能热泵得到大量的推广。常用的热泵风机盘管进出口温度低,有很好的节能效果,但是在冬季制热时吹出的干热风常使人感觉不适,室内空气不佳,人体舒适度降低。一些高温采暖末端,如暖气片、水地暖等,在供暖时采用自然对流,无吹风感又能保证供热效果,但需要大量管道铺设与改造,同时,高温采暖末端的进出口温度比较大,热泵高温热源长期处于较高的温度,会导致系统的能效系数COP下降,系统的节能效果不好。In northern my country, the temperature in winter is often very low, and some rural areas often use coal-fired boilers for heating. In recent years, environmental and energy issues have attracted more and more attention, and the country has paid more and more attention to environmental protection and energy conservation. The commonly used heat pump fan coil has a low inlet and outlet temperature, which has a good energy saving effect, but the dry hot air blown out during heating in winter often makes people feel uncomfortable, the indoor air is not good, and the human comfort is reduced. Some high-temperature heating terminals, such as radiators, water floor heating, etc., use natural convection during heating, which can ensure the heating effect without blowing, but requires a lot of pipeline laying and renovation. At the same time, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the high-temperature heating terminal are relatively large. The high temperature heat source of the heat pump is at a high temperature for a long time, which will lead to a decrease in the energy efficiency coefficient COP of the system, and the energy saving effect of the system is not good.

目前,对于空气源热泵的优化主要集中在两个方面:一是对设备进行优化,例如对压缩机、蒸发器、冷凝器等的优化;二是对系统的循环方式进行优化,例如引进内部换热器,用喷射器代替节流阀等。这些技术对于提高热泵效率有一定的帮助,但是并不能完全解决问题,一些关键问题还待解决。At present, the optimization of air source heat pumps mainly focuses on two aspects: one is to optimize equipment, such as the optimization of compressors, evaporators, condensers, etc.; the other is to optimize the circulation mode of the system, such as the introduction of internal heat exchangers Heaters, injectors instead of throttles, etc. These technologies are helpful to improve the efficiency of heat pumps, but they cannot completely solve the problem, and some key problems remain to be solved.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为了克服已有热泵的系统能效较低的不足,本实用新型提供了一种有效提升系统能效、效率较高的能量梯级利用的直热式高效空气源热泵系统。In order to overcome the problem of low energy efficiency of the existing heat pump system, the utility model provides a direct heating type high-efficiency air source heat pump system that effectively improves the energy efficiency of the system and utilizes energy cascades with high efficiency.

本实用新型解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

一种能量梯级利用的直热式高效空气源热泵系统,包括压缩机、四通阀、第一气冷器、第二气冷器、节流阀、蒸发器、气液分离器、第一截止阀、第二截止阀、第三截止阀和单向阀,所述压缩机的入口与四通阀的第一接口相连,四通阀的第二接口分别与第一气冷器的第一接口和第一电磁阀的第一接口相连、四通阀的第二接口与蒸发器的第一接口相连,四通阀的第三接口与气液分离器的入口相连;第一气冷器的第二接口与第二截止阀第一接口以及第三截止阀的第一接口分别相连,第三截止阀的第二接口与第二气冷器的第一接口相连,第二截止阀的第二接口与节流阀的第一接口以及第二气冷器的第二接口分别相连,节流阀的第二接口与蒸发器的第二接口相连。A direct heating high-efficiency air source heat pump system utilizing energy cascade, comprising a compressor, a four-way valve, a first air cooler, a second air cooler, a throttle valve, an evaporator, a gas-liquid separator, a first cut-off valve valve, second cut-off valve, third cut-off valve and one-way valve, the inlet of the compressor is connected with the first interface of the four-way valve, and the second interface of the four-way valve is respectively connected with the first interface of the first air cooler It is connected with the first port of the first solenoid valve, the second port of the four-way valve is connected with the first port of the evaporator, and the third port of the four-way valve is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator; The second port is connected to the first port of the second globe valve and the first port of the third globe valve, respectively, the second port of the third globe valve is connected to the first port of the second air cooler, and the second port of the second globe valve is connected It is respectively connected with the first port of the throttle valve and the second port of the second air cooler, and the second port of the throttle valve is connected with the second port of the evaporator.

进一步,所述热泵还包括低温采暖末端、高温采暖末端、恒温水箱、水泵、第四截止阀、第五截止阀、第六截止阀和第七截止阀,所述第一气冷器的第三接口与恒温水箱的入口相连,恒温水箱的出口与第四截止阀的入口、第五截止阀的第一接口、第六截止阀的入口分别相连,第四截止阀的出口与高温采暖末端的入口相连,高温采暖末端的出口与低温采暖末端的入口以及第五截止阀的第二接口分别相连,低温采暖末端的出口与第七截止阀的入口相连,第七截止阀的出口与水泵的入口以及第六截止阀的出口分别相连,水泵的出口与第一气冷器的第四接口相连。Further, the heat pump also includes a low temperature heating end, a high temperature heating end, a constant temperature water tank, a water pump, a fourth stop valve, a fifth stop valve, a sixth stop valve and a seventh stop valve, and the third stop valve of the first air cooler. The interface is connected with the inlet of the constant temperature water tank, the outlet of the constant temperature water tank is connected with the inlet of the fourth shut-off valve, the first interface of the fifth shut-off valve, and the inlet of the sixth shut-off valve, respectively, and the outlet of the fourth shut-off valve is connected with the inlet of the high temperature heating end Connected, the outlet of the high temperature heating end is connected with the inlet of the low temperature heating end and the second interface of the fifth stop valve respectively, the outlet of the low temperature heating end is connected with the inlet of the seventh stop valve, the outlet of the seventh stop valve is connected with the inlet of the water pump and The outlets of the sixth shut-off valve are respectively connected, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to the fourth port of the first air cooler.

更进一步,所述热泵还包括卫生热水箱,所述自来水接口与第二气冷器的第二入口相连,第二气冷器的第二出口与卫生热水箱相连,卫生热水箱的出口即卫生热水出口。Further, the heat pump also includes a sanitary hot water tank, the tap water interface is connected to the second inlet of the second air cooler, the second outlet of the second air cooler is connected to the sanitary hot water tank, and the The outlet is the sanitary hot water outlet.

更进一步,所述热泵还包括温度传感器、变频风机和控制装置,所述温度传感器位于蒸发器空气侧入口处,与控制装置连接;变频风机也与控制装置连接。Further, the heat pump further includes a temperature sensor, a variable frequency fan and a control device, the temperature sensor is located at the air side inlet of the evaporator and is connected to the control device; the variable frequency fan is also connected to the control device.

本实用新型的技术构思为:将低温采暖末端和高温采暖末端串联起来,本文以常用的风机盘管作为低温采暖末端,暖气片作为高温采暖末端为例,可以将风机盘管安装在不长时间使用的卫生间、厨房、储藏室等地方,暖气片则可以安装在需要保证舒适的卧室,以保证对住户最好的供暖舒适性。基于能量梯级利用的原理,高温的热水先通过暖气片用于加热,再加热风机盘管从而吹出热风,合理的利用了余热,减小了热泵高温热源的温度,优化热泵运行工况,降低压缩机耗功,提升系统性能系数。同时,该系统采用了逆循环除霜法,以便冬季蒸发器快速除霜。The technical idea of the utility model is to connect the low temperature heating terminal and the high temperature heating terminal in series. In this paper, the commonly used fan coil unit is used as the low temperature heating terminal and the radiator is used as the high temperature heating terminal as an example. The fan coil unit can be installed in a short time. In the bathroom, kitchen, storage room and other places used, the radiator can be installed in the bedroom that needs to be comfortable to ensure the best heating comfort for the residents. Based on the principle of energy cascade utilization, the high-temperature hot water is first used for heating through the radiator, and then the fan coil is heated to blow out hot air. The waste heat is reasonably utilized, the temperature of the high-temperature heat source of the heat pump is reduced, the operating conditions of the heat pump are optimized, and the The compressor consumes power and improves the system performance coefficient. At the same time, the system adopts the reverse cycle defrosting method, so that the evaporator can defrost quickly in winter.

本实用新型还设有第二气冷器,通过第一气冷器的中温高压气体会在第二气冷器中进一步降温,用于加热自来水从而获得卫生热水,从而进一步降低压缩机的排气温度和压力,提高系统的能效。卫生热水并不需要太高的温度(30℃-45℃),通过第二气冷器加热,既可以充分利用余热,又可以制取卫生热水,可谓是一举两得。在一些极端气候,环境温度很低,导致系统冷凝温度不高,通过高温和低温采暖末端的温度不足以加热热水,或是住户已经制备了足够的热水不需要额外制取热水时,可以通过调节截止阀,实现加热卫生热水,加热室内房间,和既加热热水又同时保证室内温暖这三个模式的交替。The utility model is also provided with a second air cooler, and the medium temperature and high pressure gas passing through the first air cooler will be further cooled in the second air cooler for heating tap water to obtain sanitary hot water, thereby further reducing the discharge of the compressor. Air temperature and pressure to improve the energy efficiency of the system. Sanitary hot water does not need too high temperature (30℃-45℃), heating through the second air cooler can not only make full use of the waste heat, but also make sanitary hot water, which can kill two birds with one stone. In some extreme climates, the ambient temperature is very low, resulting in a low condensing temperature of the system, the temperature at the end of the heating through high temperature and low temperature is not enough to heat the hot water, or when the household has prepared enough hot water and does not need to make additional hot water, By adjusting the shut-off valve, the three modes of heating sanitary hot water, heating indoor rooms, and heating hot water while ensuring indoor warmth can be alternated.

本实用新型的有益效果主要表现在:The beneficial effects of the present utility model are mainly manifested in:

1.系统工作运行时,尤其在冬季低温下运行时,相比普通热泵循环,本系统的能效系数COP更高,更节能。给室内供暖相同的温度消耗的电更少,效率更高。1. When the system is running, especially in low temperature in winter, the system has a higher energy efficiency coefficient COP and more energy saving than ordinary heat pump cycles. Heating the room at the same temperature consumes less electricity and is more efficient.

2.冬季蒸发器表面产生霜层时,本系统所需化霜时间很短,不会对室内供暖造成太大影响,系统的可靠性很好。2. When a frost layer is formed on the surface of the evaporator in winter, the defrosting time required by the system is very short, which will not cause too much influence on the indoor heating, and the reliability of the system is very good.

3.有效利用气冷器中放出的余热,采用二级冷却,既可以制取卫生热水以供室内使用,又可以减少节流损失,可谓是一举两得。3. Effectively utilize the waste heat released from the air cooler and adopt secondary cooling, which can not only produce sanitary hot water for indoor use, but also reduce throttling losses, which can be described as killing two birds with one stone.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是能量梯级利用的直热式高效空气源热泵系统的示意图,其中1:压缩机;2:第一气冷器;3:第二气冷器;4:节流阀;5:蒸发器;6:气液分离器;7:四通阀;8:第一截止阀;9:第二截止阀;10:第三截止阀;11:恒温水箱;12:高温采暖末端;13:低温采暖末端;14:第四截止阀;15:第五截止阀;16:第六截止阀;17:第七截止阀;21:水泵;22:卫生热水箱;23:变频风机;24:温度传感器;25:控制装置Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a direct heating high-efficiency air source heat pump system for energy cascade utilization, wherein 1: compressor; 2: first air cooler; 3: second air cooler; 4: throttle valve; 5: evaporator ;6: Gas-liquid separator; 7: Four-way valve; 8: First stop valve; 9: Second stop valve; 10: Third stop valve; 11: Constant temperature water tank; 12: High temperature heating end; 13: Low temperature heating End; 14: Fourth globe valve; 15: Fifth globe valve; 16: Sixth globe valve; 17: Seventh globe valve; 21: Water pump; 22: Sanitary hot water tank; 23: Frequency conversion fan; 24: Temperature sensor ;25: Control device

图2是本系统加装次低温采暖末端的示意图,其中1:压缩机;2:第一气冷器;3:第二气冷器;4:节流阀;5:蒸发器;6:气液分离器;7:四通阀;8:第一截止阀;9:第二截止阀;10:第三截止阀;11:恒温水箱;12:高温采暖末端;13:低温采暖末端;14:次低温采暖末端;15:第四截止阀;16:第五截止阀;17:第六截止阀;18:第七截止阀;19:第八截止阀;20:第九截止阀;21:水泵;22:卫生热水箱;23:变频风机;24:温度传感器;25:控制装置Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of adding a sub-low temperature heating end to the system, wherein 1: compressor; 2: first air cooler; 3: second air cooler; 4: throttle valve; 5: evaporator; 6: gas Liquid separator; 7: Four-way valve; 8: First stop valve; 9: Second stop valve; 10: Third stop valve; 11: Constant temperature water tank; 12: High temperature heating end; 13: Low temperature heating end; 14: Sub-low temperature heating end; 15: Fourth globe valve; 16: Fifth globe valve; 17: Sixth globe valve; 18: Seventh globe valve; 19: Eighth globe valve; 20: Ninth globe valve; 21: Water pump ;22: Sanitary hot water tank; 23: Frequency conversion fan; 24: Temperature sensor; 25: Control device

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步描述。The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

参照图1和图2,一种能量梯级利用的直热式高效空气源热泵系统,包括压缩机、四通阀、第一气冷器、第二气冷器、节流阀、蒸发器、气液分离器、第一截止阀、第二截止阀、第三截止阀和单向阀,所述压缩机的入口与四通阀的第一接口相连,四通阀的第二接口分别与第一气冷器的第一接口和第一电磁阀的第一接口相连、四通阀的第二接口与蒸发器的第一接口相连,四通阀的第三接口与气液分离器的入口相连;第一气冷器的第二接口与第二截止阀第一接口以及第三截止阀的第一接口分别相连,第三截止阀的第二接口与第二气冷器的第一接口相连,第二截止阀的第二接口与节流阀的第一接口以及第二气冷器的第二接口分别相连,节流阀的第二接口与蒸发器的第二接口相连。Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a direct heating high-efficiency air source heat pump system for energy cascade utilization includes a compressor, a four-way valve, a first air cooler, a second air cooler, a throttle valve, an evaporator, and an air conditioner. A liquid separator, a first cut-off valve, a second cut-off valve, a third cut-off valve and a one-way valve, the inlet of the compressor is connected to the first interface of the four-way valve, and the second interface of the four-way valve is respectively connected to the first interface of the four-way valve. The first interface of the air cooler is connected to the first interface of the first solenoid valve, the second interface of the four-way valve is connected to the first interface of the evaporator, and the third interface of the four-way valve is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator; The second port of the first air cooler is connected to the first port of the second cut-off valve and the first port of the third cut-off valve, respectively, the second port of the third cut-off valve is connected to the first port of the second air cooler, and the second port of the third cut-off valve is connected to the first port of the second air cooler. The second ports of the two shut-off valves are respectively connected with the first ports of the throttle valve and the second ports of the second air cooler, and the second ports of the throttle valves are connected with the second ports of the evaporator.

进一步,所述热泵还包括低温采暖末端、高温采暖末端、恒温水箱、水泵、第四截止阀、第五截止阀、第六截止阀和第七截止阀,所述第一气冷器的第三接口与恒温水箱的入口相连,恒温水箱的出口与第四截止阀的入口、第五截止阀的第一接口、第六截止阀的入口分别相连,第四截止阀的出口与高温采暖末端的入口相连,高温采暖末端的出口与低温采暖末端的入口以及第五截止阀的第二接口分别相连,低温采暖末端的出口与第七截止阀的入口相连,第七截止阀的出口与水泵的入口以及第六截止阀的出口分别相连,水泵的出口与第一气冷器的第四接口相连。Further, the heat pump also includes a low temperature heating end, a high temperature heating end, a constant temperature water tank, a water pump, a fourth stop valve, a fifth stop valve, a sixth stop valve and a seventh stop valve, and the third stop valve of the first air cooler. The interface is connected with the inlet of the constant temperature water tank, the outlet of the constant temperature water tank is connected with the inlet of the fourth shut-off valve, the first interface of the fifth shut-off valve, and the inlet of the sixth shut-off valve, respectively, and the outlet of the fourth shut-off valve is connected with the inlet of the high temperature heating end Connected, the outlet of the high temperature heating end is connected with the inlet of the low temperature heating end and the second interface of the fifth stop valve respectively, the outlet of the low temperature heating end is connected with the inlet of the seventh stop valve, the outlet of the seventh stop valve is connected with the inlet of the water pump and The outlets of the sixth shut-off valve are respectively connected, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to the fourth port of the first air cooler.

更进一步,所述热泵还包括卫生热水箱,所述自来水接口与第二气冷器的第二入口相连,第二气冷器的第二出口与卫生热水箱相连,卫生热水箱的出口即卫生热水出口。Further, the heat pump also includes a sanitary hot water tank, the tap water interface is connected to the second inlet of the second air cooler, the second outlet of the second air cooler is connected to the sanitary hot water tank, and the The outlet is the sanitary hot water outlet.

更进一步,所述热泵还包括温度传感器、变频风机和控制装置,所述温度传感器位于蒸发器空气侧入口处,与控制装置连接;变频风机也与控制装置连接。Further, the heat pump further includes a temperature sensor, a variable frequency fan and a control device, the temperature sensor is located at the air side inlet of the evaporator and is connected to the control device; the variable frequency fan is also connected to the control device.

实施例1:正常工作模式。Example 1: Normal working mode.

如图1所示,本系统正常工作模式有两个循环,热泵循环和水循环。在正常工作模式下的水循环系统,第五截止阀16、第六截止阀17关闭,第四截止阀15、第七截止阀18打开,高温采暖末端与低温采暖末端相连并分别处于不同的房间,将二者串联起来工作,以水为载冷剂,吸收气冷器中放出的热量,再给室内供暖。低温采暖末端可以安装在不长时间使用的卫生间、厨房、储藏室等地方,高温采暖末端可以装在需要保证舒适的卧室里,以保证最好的供暖舒适性。通过将二者串联,使得高温采暖末端工作过后的余热能够被再一次利用,减少了传热所需的温差,大大减小了不可逆损失,提高了热效率。同时,第二气冷器4也在工作,不断加热自来水从而制取卫生热水储存在水箱27中,满足住户洗浴需求。本实用新型相比起现有市场只使用热泵暖气片作为供暖装置,有很大的节能,更不用说是能效更低的采暖炉或者电加热器了。如果住户已经制备了足够的卫生热水,可以选择打开第二截止阀9,关闭第一截止阀8和第三截止阀10,停止制取热水。As shown in Figure 1, the normal working mode of the system has two cycles, the heat pump cycle and the water cycle. In the water circulation system in the normal working mode, the fifth shut-off valve 16 and the sixth shut-off valve 17 are closed, the fourth shut-off valve 15 and the seventh shut-off valve 18 are opened, and the high-temperature heating end is connected to the low-temperature heating end and are located in different rooms, respectively. The two are connected in series to work, and water is used as the refrigerant to absorb the heat released by the air cooler, and then heat the room. The low-temperature heating terminal can be installed in the bathroom, kitchen, storage room and other places that are not used for a long time, and the high-temperature heating terminal can be installed in the bedroom where comfort is required to ensure the best heating comfort. By connecting the two in series, the waste heat after the high temperature heating end works can be reused, reducing the temperature difference required for heat transfer, greatly reducing irreversible losses, and improving thermal efficiency. At the same time, the second air cooler 4 is also working, continuously heating the tap water to produce sanitary hot water and store it in the water tank 27 to meet the bathing needs of the households. Compared with the existing market that only uses the heat pump radiator as the heating device, the utility model has great energy saving, not to mention the heating furnace or electric heater with lower energy efficiency. If the resident has prepared enough sanitary hot water, he can choose to open the second shut-off valve 9, close the first shut-off valve 8 and the third shut-off valve 10, and stop producing hot water.

实施例2:低温采暖末端工作模式或高温采暖末端工作模式Example 2: Low temperature heating terminal working mode or high temperature heating terminal working mode

当一些特殊的情况下,住户可能待在一间房间里所以并不需要两个供暖设备都启用。本实用新型在水循环系统中加装了4个截止阀控制两个供暖设备。比如只需要低温采暖末端12工作而不需要高温采暖末端13工作,即关闭第四截止阀15和第六截止阀17,打开第五截止阀16和第七截止阀18,当只需要高温采暖末端工作而不需要低温采暖末端工作时,关闭第七截止阀,打开第四、第五和第六截止阀。同时,第二气冷器4也在工作,不断加热自来水从而制取卫生热水储存在水箱27中,满足住户洗浴需求。如果住户已经制备了足够的卫生热水,可以选择打开第二截止阀9,关闭第一截止阀8和第三截止阀10,停止制取热水。In some special cases, the occupant may stay in one room so it is not necessary for both heating devices to be activated. The utility model adds four cut-off valves to the water circulation system to control two heating devices. For example, only the low-temperature heating terminal 12 needs to work without the high-temperature heating terminal 13, that is, the fourth stop valve 15 and the sixth stop valve 17 are closed, and the fifth stop valve 16 and the seventh stop valve 18 are opened. When only the high-temperature heating terminal is required When working without the need for low-temperature heating end work, close the seventh shut-off valve and open the fourth, fifth and sixth shut-off valves. At the same time, the second air cooler 4 is also working, continuously heating the tap water to prepare sanitary hot water and store it in the water tank 27 to meet the bathing needs of the households. If the household has prepared enough sanitary hot water, he can choose to open the second shut-off valve 9, close the first shut-off valve 8 and the third shut-off valve 10, and stop producing hot water.

实施例3:逆循环化霜模式Example 3: Reverse cycle defrost mode

如图1所示,当蒸发器5表面的温度低于空气中的露点温度时,空气中的水蒸气会逐渐凝结在蒸发器的表面形成霜层,这在北方的冬季是非常常见的现象。本实用新型将逆循环化霜系统用于能量梯级利用的直热式高效空气源热泵系统,当蒸发器上霜层过厚影响工作时,四通阀7会自动转向,调成制热模式,此时,原来的气冷器2会作为蒸发器,而原来的蒸发器则会作为气冷器吸收压缩机中放出的热量,从而达到融化霜层的目的。当霜层融化结束后,四通阀再次转向,恢复成正常工作模式。As shown in Figure 1, when the temperature of the surface of the evaporator 5 is lower than the dew point temperature in the air, the water vapor in the air will gradually condense on the surface of the evaporator to form a frost layer, which is a very common phenomenon in winter in the north. The utility model uses the reverse cycle defrosting system for the direct heating high-efficiency air source heat pump system for energy cascade utilization. When the frost layer on the evaporator is too thick to affect the work, the four-way valve 7 will automatically turn to adjust to the heating mode. At this time, the original air cooler 2 will be used as an evaporator, and the original evaporator will be used as an air cooler to absorb the heat released by the compressor, so as to achieve the purpose of melting the frost layer. When the frost layer is melted, the four-way valve turns again and returns to the normal working mode.

实施例4:加热卫生热水模式Example 4: Heating sanitary hot water mode

如图1所示,本系统还设有中间冷却器4,目的是制取卫生热水。通过第一气冷器的中温高压气体会在第二气冷器中进一步降温,用于加热自来水从而获得卫生热水。该卫生热水箱24安装在浴室,白天随着室内的供暖,会不断有热水储存在恒温热水箱中,晚上供住户使用。当住户迫切需要热水时,也可以打开第一截止阀和第三截止阀,关闭第二截止阀,压缩机中所有的热量会通过第二气冷器放出,加热自来水,达到快速制取卫生热水的目的。As shown in Figure 1, the system is also provided with an intercooler 4, the purpose of which is to produce sanitary hot water. The medium temperature and high pressure gas passing through the first air cooler will be further cooled in the second air cooler to heat tap water to obtain sanitary hot water. The sanitary hot water tank 24 is installed in the bathroom. During the day, with the heating of the room, hot water will be continuously stored in the constant temperature hot water tank for use by the residents at night. When households urgently need hot water, they can also open the first shut-off valve and the third shut-off valve, and close the second shut-off valve. All the heat in the compressor will be released through the second air cooler to heat the tap water to achieve rapid production of sanitary hot water purpose.

实施例5:多级加热模式Example 5: Multi-stage heating mode

如图2所示,本系统在原有系统上加装次低温采暖末端14和两个截止阀,从而进一步降低热泵热源温度,提高热泵的运行效率。以此类推,将热泵的采暖末端分成多级,在原有基础上进一步提高能效系数COP,原理上不同温度位末端的级数可以不断增加,具体级数可以根据环境温度以及经济条件进行改变,大大提高了系统的工况条件。As shown in Figure 2, the system adds a sub-low temperature heating terminal 14 and two shut-off valves to the original system, thereby further reducing the temperature of the heat pump heat source and improving the operating efficiency of the heat pump. By analogy, the heating end of the heat pump is divided into multiple stages, and the energy efficiency coefficient COP is further improved on the original basis. In principle, the number of stages at the end of different temperature positions can be continuously increased. Improve the working conditions of the system.

实施例6:夏季制取热水模式Example 6: Mode of making hot water in summer

在夏季,住户不需要采暖模式,只需要系统提供每日一定量的生活热水即可,即采用图2中的结构。因为本系统各部件工况是基于冬季零下20℃的条件下设计的,夏季蒸发温度过高会使得压缩机耗功太大而烧坏。因此,本系统在蒸发器空气侧入口处安装了一个温度传感器并与控制装置连接,控制装置的另一端连接着与蒸发器的变频风机。当空气温度超过设定值,控制装置控制变频风机转速降低,蒸发器温差增大,降低蒸发器中制冷剂温度,从而降低压缩机耗功。保证系统在合理安全的条件下运行。In summer, households do not need heating mode, but only need the system to provide a certain amount of domestic hot water every day, that is, the structure in Figure 2 is adopted. Because the working conditions of each component of this system are designed based on the conditions of minus 20 ℃ in winter, the high evaporating temperature in summer will cause the compressor to consume too much power and burn out. Therefore, in this system, a temperature sensor is installed at the inlet of the air side of the evaporator and is connected with the control device, and the other end of the control device is connected with the variable frequency fan of the evaporator. When the air temperature exceeds the set value, the control device controls the speed of the variable frequency fan to decrease, the temperature difference of the evaporator increases, and the temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator is reduced, thereby reducing the power consumption of the compressor. Ensure that the system operates under reasonably safe conditions.

Claims (4)

1. A directly-heated high-efficiency air source heat pump system for energy gradient utilization is characterized by comprising a compressor, a four-way valve, a first air cooler, a second air cooler, a throttle valve, an evaporator, a gas-liquid separator, a first stop valve, a second stop valve, a third stop valve and a one-way valve, wherein the inlet of the compressor is connected with a first interface of the four-way valve, a second interface of the four-way valve is respectively connected with a first interface of the first air cooler and a first interface of a first electromagnetic valve, a second interface of the four-way valve is connected with a first interface of the evaporator, a third interface of the four-way valve is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, a second interface of the first air cooler is respectively connected with a first interface of the second stop valve and a first interface of the third stop valve, a second interface of the third stop valve is connected with a first interface of the second air cooler, a second interface of the second stop valve is respectively connected with a first interface of the throttle valve and a second interface of the second air cooler, the second port of the throttle valve is connected with the second port of the evaporator.
2. The directly-heated high-efficiency air source heat pump system for energy cascade utilization according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump further comprises a low-temperature heating end, a high-temperature heating end, a constant-temperature water tank, a water pump, a fourth stop valve, a fifth stop valve, a sixth stop valve and a seventh stop valve, the third interface of the first air cooler is connected with the inlet of the constant-temperature water tank, the outlet of the constant-temperature water tank is connected with the inlet of the fourth stop valve, the first interface of the fifth stop valve and the inlet of the sixth stop valve respectively, the outlet of the fourth stop valve is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature heating end, the outlet of the high-temperature heating end is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature heating end and the second interface of the fifth stop valve respectively, the outlet of the low-temperature heating end is connected with the inlet of the seventh stop valve, the outlet of the seventh stop valve is connected with the, and the outlet of the water pump is connected with the fourth interface of the first air cooler.
3. The energy cascade utilization direct-heating type high efficiency air source heat pump system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat pump further comprises a sanitary hot water tank, the tap water port is connected with the second inlet of the second air cooler, the second outlet of the second air cooler is connected with the sanitary hot water tank, and the outlet of the sanitary hot water tank is the sanitary hot water outlet.
4. The energy cascade utilization, direct heating, high efficiency air source heat pump system as recited in claim 1 wherein said heat pump further comprises a temperature sensor, a variable frequency fan and a control means, said temperature sensor located at the evaporator air side inlet and connected to the control means; the variable frequency fan is also connected with the control device.
CN201921898626.3U 2019-11-06 2019-11-06 Directly-heated efficient air source heat pump system for energy gradient utilization Withdrawn - After Issue CN211782094U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110849036A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-02-28 浙江工业大学 Directly-heated efficient air source heat pump system for energy gradient utilization
CN113883738A (en) * 2021-09-29 2022-01-04 浙江工业大学 Novel solar energy sprays-compression refrigerating system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110849036A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-02-28 浙江工业大学 Directly-heated efficient air source heat pump system for energy gradient utilization
CN110849036B (en) * 2019-11-06 2024-12-24 浙江工业大学 Direct-heating high-efficiency air source heat pump system with energy cascade utilization
CN113883738A (en) * 2021-09-29 2022-01-04 浙江工业大学 Novel solar energy sprays-compression refrigerating system

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