CN211741272U - Cold region tunnel linear water-containing zone frost heaving model - Google Patents
Cold region tunnel linear water-containing zone frost heaving model Download PDFInfo
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- CN211741272U CN211741272U CN202020444711.9U CN202020444711U CN211741272U CN 211741272 U CN211741272 U CN 211741272U CN 202020444711 U CN202020444711 U CN 202020444711U CN 211741272 U CN211741272 U CN 211741272U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a tunnel engineering model test field, specific linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model in cold district tunnel that says so. The system comprises a frost heaving surrounding rock system, an environment regulation and control system and a frost heaving force data acquisition system; the frost heaving surrounding rock system comprises simulated surrounding rocks, a secondary lining and a frost heaving surrounding rock linear fractured zone, wherein the secondary lining penetrates through the simulated surrounding rocks to be distributed, the frost heaving surrounding rock linear fractured zone is a strip-shaped hole which is arranged on the simulated surrounding rocks and can be filled with water, and the frost heaving surrounding rock linear fractured zone comprises a surrounding rock linear water-containing zone distributed in the simulated surrounding rocks and a lining rear water-containing zone distributed between the simulated surrounding rocks and the secondary lining; the utility model discloses can objectively reflect the different influence of depositing water structure to tunnel frost heaving force of country rock to through different linear waterlogging under model test simulation different depths of burial and the temperature environment length, position, width etc. to the influence and the distribution law of tunnel frost heaving force, provide the guidance for cold district tunnel frost heaving calamity prevention and cure.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tunnel engineering model test field, specific linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model in cold district tunnel that says so.
Background
China is one of three countries with the largest distribution area of frozen soil in the world, and the tunnel constructed in a frozen soil water-rich area is easy to generate larger frost heaving force to further cause the problem of frost damage, such as concrete falling, lining cracking, water leakage, ice hanging, peeling and the like, which seriously affects the tunnel structure and operation safety, so the research on the frost heaving damage law of tunnel surrounding rocks is imperative.
On-site test and model test research are carried out by many scholars at home and abroad on the deformation of the tunnel in the cold region and the frost heaving property of the surrounding rock, and local water storage at the defect position inside the tunnel surrounding rock is found to be the main cause of frost heaving damage of the surrounding rock. In actual engineering, the surrounding rock defects mostly exist in the modes of karst caves, holes, cracks and the like; in tunnel construction, a large-scale cavity is generally not generated behind a supporting lining, but a small cavity or a flat crack and the like are possibly generated behind the lining due to insufficient compactness of a supporting arch frame or anchor concrete and surrounding rocks. When these areas are frozen by filling with groundwater, they tend to frost heave the lining and surrounding rock, creating additional frost heave forces between the surrounding rock and the lining. The cold region tunnel frozen expansion force indoor test model in the prior art does not comprehensively consider the influence of water stored at each part of the surrounding rock on the tunnel frozen expansion force, and the obtained test data can not objectively and truly reflect the influence of different water storage structures of the surrounding rock on the tunnel frozen expansion force.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model in cold district tunnel objectively reflects the different influence of depositing water structure to tunnel frost heaving power of country rock to through different linear water-bearing zone length, position, width etc. under model test simulation different depths of burial and the temperature environment to the influence and the distribution law of tunnel frost heaving power, provide the guidance for cold district tunnel frost heaving calamity prevention and cure.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be: a linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model for a tunnel in a cold region comprises a frost heaving surrounding rock system, an environment regulation and control system and a frost heaving force data acquisition system;
the frost heaving surrounding rock system comprises simulated surrounding rocks, a secondary lining and a frost heaving surrounding rock linear fractured zone, wherein the secondary lining penetrates through the simulated surrounding rocks to be distributed, the frost heaving surrounding rock linear fractured zone is a strip-shaped hole which is arranged on the simulated surrounding rocks and can be filled with water, and the frost heaving surrounding rock linear fractured zone comprises a surrounding rock linear water-containing zone distributed in the simulated surrounding rocks and a lining rear water-containing zone distributed between the simulated surrounding rocks and the secondary lining;
the environment regulation and control system comprises a refrigerating device and a double-shaft reaction frame device; the refrigerating device comprises a hollow sandwich plate which is arranged around the periphery of the simulated surrounding rock, a plurality of rib plates which are distributed in a criss-cross mode are arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow sandwich plate, the inner cavity of the hollow sandwich plate is divided into a plurality of chambers by the plurality of rib plates, through holes for refrigerating liquid to circulate in the adjacent chambers are formed in the rib plates, and the hollow sandwich plate is also provided with an input valve for refrigerating liquid to enter and an output valve for refrigerating liquid to discharge; the reaction frame device comprises a frame structure sleeved on the periphery of the hollow sandwich plate, and a plurality of jacks for applying load to the simulated surrounding rock through the hollow sandwich plate are arranged on the frame structure at intervals;
the frost heaving force data acquisition system comprises a plurality of sensor groups which are respectively arranged between the simulated surrounding rock and the secondary lining and are positioned on the vault, the arch foot, the side wall and the inverted arch of the secondary lining, any one of the sensor groups comprises a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, and all the pressure sensors and the temperature sensors are connected with a computer.
Preferably, the simulated surrounding rock is cubic, and the secondary lining is distributed through the center of the simulated surrounding rock along the horizontal direction.
Preferably, the number of hollow sandwich panels is four, and four hollow sandwich panels are respectively arranged on four side walls of the simulated surrounding rock corresponding to the circumferential direction of the secondary lining.
Preferably, the hollow sandwich plate comprises two base plates which are distributed in parallel at intervals, and the outer edges of the two base plates are connected through a strip-shaped sealing plate.
Preferably, in the same hollow sandwich plate, the sealing plate and the outer side of a base plate far away from the simulated surrounding rock are both provided with insulating layers; the material of heat preservation is polyurethane, and the thickness of heat preservation is not less than 3 cm.
Preferably, the frame structure comprises a rectangular frame, and two horizontal load plates and two vertical load plates fixed on the rectangular frame, and the cylinder ends of the jacks are respectively and vertically fixed on the corresponding horizontal load plate or vertical load plate.
Preferably, the secondary lining is manufactured by welding steel plates, and a threading hole for threading the leg wire of the inductor group is formed in the middle of the secondary lining.
Advantageous effects
The utility model discloses a cold district tunnel linear water-containing zone frost heaving model, different linear water-containing zone length, position, width etc. provide the guidance to the influence and the distribution law of tunnel frost heaving power under different buried depth of experimental simulation and temperature environment for cold district tunnel frost heaving calamity prevention and cure. Considering the plane strain stress state of tunnel surrounding rock, a biaxial reaction frame loading system simulating the tunnel burial depth condition is designed; a low-temperature refrigerating device is constructed by utilizing the hollow sandwich plate, and the low-temperature environment of tunnel surrounding rock is simulated by regulating and controlling the flow of liquid ammonia.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section structure diagram of a linear water-containing zone frost heaving model of a tunnel in a cold region;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a part of the frost heaving surrounding rock system in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a dual-axis reaction frame device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of sensor groups in the data acquisition system for frozen expansion force according to the present invention;
the labels in the figure are: 1. the method comprises the following steps of simulating surrounding rock, 2, a lining rear water-containing zone, 3, a secondary lining, 4, a surrounding rock linear water-containing zone, 5, a double-shaft reaction frame device, 501, a jack, 502, a frame structure, 502-1, a vertical load plate, 502-2, a rectangular frame, 502-3, a horizontal load plate, 6, a refrigerating device, 601, a sealing plate, 602, a base plate, 603, a heat insulation layer, 604, a rib plate, 605, a through hole, 606, an output valve, 607, an input valve, 7, a temperature sensor, 8 and a pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the utility model discloses a linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model of cold district tunnel mainly includes frost heaving country rock system, environment regulation and control system and frost heaving force data acquisition system.
As shown in fig. 3, the frost heaving surrounding rock system comprises simulated surrounding rock 1, secondary lining 3 and a frost heaving surrounding rock linear fissure zone. The simulated surrounding rock 1 is of a cubic structure, the secondary lining 3 is formed by splicing and welding steel plates and penetrates through the center of the simulated surrounding rock 1 in the horizontal direction to be distributed, and the surrounding rock and the lining structure in a real tunnel are simulated. The linear fissure zone of the frost heaving surrounding rock is a strip-shaped hole which is arranged on the simulated surrounding rock 1 and can be filled with water, two ends of the linear fissure zone are both open and can be closed through blind heads, so that water can be filled into the linear fissure zone, and the linear fissure zone is matched with an environment regulation and control system to truly simulate the influence of a water-bearing zone structure on the frost heaving force of a tunnel. The utility model provides a linear fissure zone of frozen swelling country rock is including distributing in the linear hydrous area 4 of country rock inside simulation country rock 1 and distributing in the lining cutting of simulation country rock 1 between 3 with the secondary lining cutting hydrous area 2 behind one's back. The real situation is objectively reflected through the influence and the distribution rule of the length, the position, the width and the like of different linear water-containing zones on the frost heaving force of the tunnel, and accurate guidance is provided for preventing and controlling the frost heaving disaster of the tunnel in the cold region.
The environment conditioning system comprises a refrigeration device 6 and a double-shaft reaction frame device 5.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the refrigerating apparatus 6 includes four hollow sandwich plates respectively disposed on the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the simulated surrounding rock 1. The hollow sandwich plate is used for generating low temperature and simulating the ambient temperature of the tunnel on the one hand; on the other hand, it is also used for a carrier for the biaxial reaction frame device 5 to apply horizontal and vertical loads to the simulated surrounding rock 1. Any one hollow sandwich plate comprises a base plate 602 which is made of two steel plates which correspond to the shape and size of the side wall of the simulated surrounding rock 1 and are distributed in parallel at intervals, and the outer edges of the two base plates 602 are sealed, welded and fixed through a sealing plate 601 which is long and made of the steel plates. An input valve 607 and an output valve 606 for the refrigerant liquid to enter and exit the hollow sandwich plate inner cavity are arranged on the sealing plate 601. In order to realize the load carrier function of the hollow sandwich plate, a plurality of ribs 604 distributed in a criss-cross manner are arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow sandwich plate. The inner cavity of the hollow sandwich plate is divided into a plurality of chambers by the plurality of ribbed plates 604, and through holes 605 for refrigerating liquid to circulate in the adjacent chambers are formed in the ribbed plates 604 in a penetrating mode so as to control the temperature of the simulated surrounding rock 1 uniformly.
In this embodiment, on the same hollow sandwich plate, all be equipped with heat preservation 603 in closing plate 601 and the base plate 602 outside of keeping away from simulation country rock 1 to reduce the heat loss in the experiment. The heat-insulating layer 603 is made of polyurethane, and the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 603 is not less than 3 cm.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the reaction frame device includes a frame structure 502 sleeved on the periphery of the hollow sandwich plate, and a plurality of jacks 501 for applying load to the simulated surrounding rock 1 through the hollow sandwich plate are arranged on the frame structure 502 at intervals. The frame structure 502 comprises a rectangular frame 502-2 formed by welding four angle steels, and two horizontal load plates 502-3 and two vertical load plates 502-1 fixed on the rectangular frame 502-2. Four jacks 501 are arranged on any one horizontal load plate 502-3 or vertical load plate 502-1. The cylinder body end of the jack 501 is respectively and vertically fixed on the corresponding horizontal load plate 502-3 or vertical load plate 502-1; the pressure heads of the jacks 501 act on the hollow sandwich plates at the corresponding positions respectively.
As shown in fig. 5, the system for acquiring frost heaving force data includes a plurality of sensor groups respectively disposed between the simulated surrounding rock 1 and the secondary lining 3 and located at the arch crown, arch foot, side wall and inverted arch of the secondary lining 3, any one of the sensor groups includes a pressure sensor 8 and a temperature sensor 7, all the pressure sensors 8 and the temperature sensors 7 are connected to a computer, and pressure and temperature information measured by the sensor group is recorded by the computer. And the middle part of the secondary lining 3 is provided with a threading hole for the foot thread of the inductor group to pass through so as to be connected to a computer.
The preparation method of the linear water-containing zone frost heaving model for the tunnel in the cold region comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing four hollow sandwich plates in a secondary lining 3 and a refrigerating device 6 and a double-shaft reaction frame device 5;
2) sequentially sleeving a secondary lining 3, a refrigerating device 6 and a double-shaft reaction frame device 5, and vertically placing the sleeves on a rigid horizontal plate, wherein a filling space simulating the surrounding rock 1 is formed between the four hollow sandwich plates and the secondary lining 3;
3) selecting a civil blasting fuse cord and steel wires with equal length, winding the blasting fuse cord and the steel wires into a twist shape to form a long-strip-shaped water-containing strip generating piece, winding part of the water-containing strip generating piece on the periphery of a secondary lining 3 in a shape corresponding to a rear water-containing strip 2 of the lining, and fixing the rest of the water-containing strip generating piece on a rigid horizontal plate in a shape corresponding to a surrounding rock linear water-containing strip 4;
4) filling and compacting the simulated surrounding rock 1 between the secondary lining 3 and the refrigerating device 6, and after half of filling, continuously filling and compacting the simulated surrounding rock 1 after fixedly arranging inductor groups at the periphery of the secondary lining 3 and corresponding to the positions of the vault, the arch springing, the side wall and the inverted arch of the secondary lining 3;
5) after filling of the simulated surrounding rock 1 is completed, rotating by 90 degrees to enable the secondary lining 3 to be in a horizontal state;
6) the blasting fuse of lighting and drawing the steel wire, adopt behind the water under high pressure washing gunpowder residue, at 1 inside formation surrounding rock linearity of simulation surrounding rock moisture area 4, form the water-containing area 2 behind the lining cutting between simulation surrounding rock 1 and secondary lining 3, accomplish the utility model discloses the preparation of model.
The test method of the linear water-containing zone frost heaving model of the tunnel in the cold region comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) mounting and debugging a frost heaving force data acquisition system, connecting leg wires of a pressure sensor 8 and a temperature sensor 7 to a reader and a control computer after model making is completed, checking the mounting survival rate of a test element, and primarily debugging the working stability of the test system;
2) debugging a refrigeration system, connecting a refrigeration device 6 with a normal-pressure low-temperature liquid ammonia storage tank through an input valve 607 and an output valve 606, and simulating the freezing of the surrounding rock 1 by utilizing the flow of liquid ammonia in the low-temperature refrigeration device 6, wherein the freezing temperature is obtained by a temperature sensor 7 between the secondary lining 3 and the surrounding rock;
3) starting the refrigerating device 6, introducing liquid ammonia at normal pressure and low temperature into the hollow sandwich plate through the input valve 607, and regulating and controlling the input and output of the liquid ammonia to keep the temperature of the simulated surrounding rock 1 below 0 ℃ for 15 minutes;
4) according to the actual situation of the simulated tunnel surrounding rock, applying vertical and horizontal loads to the simulated surrounding rock 1 through a jack 501, injecting water into the linear fracture zone of the frost heaving surrounding rock, and plugging a water outlet at the outer side of the surrounding rock;
5) according to simulation country rock 1 actual conditions, adjustment liquid ammonia input and output volume reduces or risees the temperature of simulation country rock 1, and monitoring earth pressure gauge reading changes and the record provides the basis for the analysis of frozen power.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model of cold district tunnel which characterized in that: the system comprises a frost heaving surrounding rock system, an environment regulation and control system and a frost heaving force data acquisition system;
the frost heaving surrounding rock system comprises a simulated surrounding rock (1), a secondary lining (3) and a frost heaving surrounding rock linear fractured zone, wherein the secondary lining (3) penetrates through the simulated surrounding rock (1) to be distributed, the frost heaving surrounding rock linear fractured zone is a strip-shaped hole which is arranged on the simulated surrounding rock (1) and can be filled with water, and the frost heaving surrounding rock linear fractured zone comprises a surrounding rock linear water-containing zone (4) distributed inside the simulated surrounding rock (1) and a lining rear water-containing zone (2) distributed between the simulated surrounding rock (1) and the secondary lining (3);
the environment regulation and control system comprises a refrigerating device (6) and a double-shaft reaction frame device (5); the refrigerating device (6) comprises a hollow sandwich plate arranged around the simulated surrounding rock (1), a plurality of rib plates (604) distributed in a criss-cross mode are arranged in an inner cavity of the hollow sandwich plate, the inner cavity of the hollow sandwich plate is divided into a plurality of chambers by the plurality of rib plates (604), through holes (605) for refrigerating liquid to flow in the adjacent chambers are formed in the rib plates (604), and the hollow sandwich plate is also provided with an input valve (607) for refrigerating liquid to enter and an output valve (606) for refrigerating liquid to discharge; the reaction frame device comprises a frame structure (502) sleeved on the periphery of the hollow sandwich plate, and a plurality of jacks (501) used for applying load to the simulated surrounding rock (1) through the hollow sandwich plate are arranged on the frame structure (502) at intervals;
the frost heaving force data acquisition system comprises a plurality of inductor groups which are respectively arranged between the simulated surrounding rock (1) and the secondary lining (3) and positioned at the vault, the arch foot, the side wall and the inverted arch of the secondary lining (3), any one inductor group comprises a pressure sensor (8) and a temperature sensor (7), and all the pressure sensors (8) and the temperature sensor (7) are connected with a computer.
2. The linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model of the cold region tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the shape of the simulated surrounding rock (1) is cubic, and the secondary lining (3) penetrates through the center of the simulated surrounding rock (1) in the horizontal direction and is distributed.
3. The linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model of the cold region tunnel according to claim 2, wherein: the number of the hollow sandwich plates is four, and the four hollow sandwich plates are respectively arranged on four side walls of the simulated surrounding rock (1) corresponding to the circumferential direction of the secondary lining (3).
4. The linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model of the cold region tunnel according to claim 3, wherein: the hollow sandwich plate comprises two base plates (602) which are distributed in parallel at intervals, and the outer edges of the two base plates (602) are connected through a strip-shaped sealing plate (601).
5. The linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model of the cold region tunnel according to claim 4, wherein: in the same hollow sandwich plate, the outer sides of a sealing plate (601) and a base plate (602) far away from the simulated surrounding rock (1) are respectively provided with an insulating layer (603); the heat insulation layer (603) is made of polyurethane, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer (603) is not less than 3 cm.
6. The linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model of the cold region tunnel according to claim 2, wherein: the frame structure (502) comprises a rectangular frame (502-2), two horizontal load plates (502-3) and two vertical load plates (502-1) which are fixed on the rectangular frame (502-2), and the cylinder ends of a plurality of jacks (501) are respectively and vertically fixed on the corresponding horizontal load plates (502-3) or vertical load plates (502-1).
7. The linear water-bearing zone frost heaving model of the cold region tunnel according to claim 2, wherein: the secondary lining (3) is made by welding steel plates, and the middle part of the secondary lining (3) is provided with a threading hole for the foot thread of the inductor group to penetrate out.
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| CN202020444711.9U CN211741272U (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Cold region tunnel linear water-containing zone frost heaving model |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113417313A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-09-21 | 四川电力设计咨询有限责任公司 | Section steel support shroud plate assembled foundation for frozen soil area |
| CN114184635A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-15 | 河北交通职业技术学院 | Seasonal frozen soil area tunnel frozen-expansion force simulation test device and use method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-03-31 CN CN202020444711.9U patent/CN211741272U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113417313A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-09-21 | 四川电力设计咨询有限责任公司 | Section steel support shroud plate assembled foundation for frozen soil area |
| CN114184635A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-15 | 河北交通职业技术学院 | Seasonal frozen soil area tunnel frozen-expansion force simulation test device and use method thereof |
| CN114184635B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-09-08 | 河北交通职业技术学院 | Seasonal frozen soil area tunnel frost heaving force simulation test device and application method thereof |
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