CN211728773U

CN211728773U - Graphite processing cutter

Info

Publication number: CN211728773U
Application number: CN201921034309.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴建军; 何全优
Original assignee: Shenzhen Leepple Tools Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Leepple Tools Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-04
Filing date: 2019-07-04
Publication date: 2020-10-23
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-04

Abstract

The utility model discloses a graphite processing cutter, this graphite processing cutter include the cutter body and are used for the base member of fixed cutter body, and the axial one end of cutter body is the processing portion, and the processing portion is the hemisphere face shape, and the material of processing portion is polycrystalline diamond, and the cutter body passes through high temperature sintering integrated into one piece with the processing portion, and the axial other end of cutter body is equipped with the fixed part, and the one end of base member is equipped with the installation department, fixed part and installation department fixed connection. The utility model provides a graphite processing cutter, the processing portion of cutter body sets to the hemisphere face and processing portion adopts the polycrystalline diamond material for in the high-speed rotation of cutter, there is small clearance to play the effect of surface grinding between the metal material that diamond particle and adhesive contain, the surface quality of graphite obtains promoting, reduces the roughness on graphite surface.

Description

Graphite processing cutter

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a processing cutter field especially relates to graphite processing cutter.

Background

Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) is a polycrystalline body formed by mixing diamond micro powder with micron-sized granularity and a small amount of metal powder (such as Co) and sintering at high temperature (1400 ℃) and high pressure (5-6GPa), and is suitable for being used as a cutter material. Compared with other cutter materials, the polycrystalline diamond has the following characteristics: extremely high hardness and wear resistance; high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient, fast heat dissipation during cutting, low cutting temperature and small thermal deformation; the friction coefficient is small, and the roughness of the processed surface can be reduced. The polycrystalline diamond compact is a superhard material, is formed by sintering diamond micropowder and a hard alloy substrate under the condition of ultrahigh pressure and high temperature, has the high hardness, high wear resistance and heat conductivity of diamond and the strength and impact toughness of hard alloy, is an ideal material for manufacturing cutting tools, drilling bits and other wear-resistant tools, inherits the advantages of high hardness and good wear resistance of diamond, and overcomes the problem of poor weldability between the diamond and metal due to good weldability between the hard alloy substrate and common metal.

The PCD cutter has excellent cutting performance in cutting of materials such as nonferrous metals, non-metallic plastics, graphite and the like, can be used for manufacturing turning tools, boring tools, milling cutters, drill bits, reamers, countersinks, composite hole machining cutters and the like, and is widely used for precision machining of aerospace, precision electronics, medical instruments, automobile manufacturing, wind power generation and the like.

The graphite material is a black non-metallic raw material which is very common in production life, is formed by pressing graphite powder, has low density and has excellent properties of high temperature resistance, electric and thermal conductivity, lubricity, chemical stability, plasticity, thermal shock resistance and the like. Can be made into ink, pencil lead, etc. according to its chemical stability; according to the high temperature resistance, a hot bending mould can be manufactured for forming glass; the electrode of the electric processing machine tool can be made according to the electric conductivity and the heat conductivity.

The graphite belongs to hexagonal crystal, and has the characteristics of weaker bonding force between layers, large internal porosity, low tensile strength and the like, and the graphite has very good machining performance. Graphite parts used in production are generally complex in structure and high in precision requirement, and due to the characteristics of graphite, the problems of unqualified quality such as edge sawtooth, slag falling, corner collapse and the like are easily caused in processing.

At present, a graphite hot bending die is generally milled by a hard alloy milling cutter, and the graphite hot bending die has the characteristics of large processing surface roughness, difficulty in meeting the production requirement, large processing difficulty and long processing time.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a main aim at provides graphite processing cutter for in the high-speed rotation of cutter, there is small clearance to play the effect of surface grinding between diamond particle and the metal powder, and the surface quality of graphite obtains promoting, lowers the roughness on graphite surface.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a graphite processing cutter, include the cutter body and be used for fixing the base member of cutter body, the axial one end of cutter body is the processing portion, the processing portion is hemisphere face shape, the material of processing portion is polycrystalline diamond, the cutter body with the processing portion passes through high temperature sintering integrated into one piece, the axial other end of cutter body is equipped with the fixed part, the one end of base member is equipped with the installation department, the fixed part with installation department fixed connection.

As a modification, the diameter of the semi-spherical processing part is 1-6 mm.

As an improvement, the cutter body is made of hard alloy materials.

As an improvement, the fixing part is integrally formed with the cutter body, the fixing part is conical, and the diameter of the conical fixing part on the side close to the cutter body is larger than the diameter of the conical fixing part on the side far away from the cutter body.

As an improvement, the cutter body comprises a conical surface, and a conical groove fixedly mounted with the conical surface of the cutter body is arranged in the mounting part.

As an improvement, the installation department is the round platform form, the installation department is close to the diameter of base member one end is greater than the installation department is kept away from the diameter of base member one end.

As an improvement, the included angle between any generatrix of the conical fixing part and the axis of the conical fixing part is 40-70 degrees.

As an improvement, the substrate is a hard alloy substrate or a high-strength alloy steel substrate.

The utility model provides a graphite processing cutter has following advantage:

1. the processing part of the cutter body is arranged to be a hemispherical surface, and the processing part is made of polycrystalline diamond, so that in the high-speed rotation of the cutter, a tiny gap exists between the diamond particles and the metal material contained in the adhesive, the surface grinding effect is achieved, the surface quality of graphite is improved, and the roughness of the surface of the graphite is reduced.

2. The cutter body adopts fine grit polycrystalline diamond compact material, that is to say: the machining part 21 is made of polycrystalline diamond, and the cutter body 20 is made of hard alloy; the grain size of diamond in the fine-grained polycrystalline diamond is less than or equal to 1 micron, and the diamond is synthesized at ultrahigh pressure and high temperature, so that the diamond has the characteristics of extremely high hardness and wear resistance, high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient, the heat dissipation is fast during cutting, the cutting temperature is low, the thermal deformation is small, the cutting speed higher than that of a conventional cutter can be adopted during processing, and the service life of the cutter is longer than that of a hard alloy cutter.

3. By adopting the cutter body 20 made of hard alloy to be matched with the hard alloy matrix, the welding performance of the cutter body and the matrix is improved, so that the connection stability of the cutter body and the matrix is improved; the rigidity of the cutter body is improved by matching the conical surface of the cutter body fixing part with the conical groove on the end surface of the base body.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an overall structure of a graphite machining tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the exploded structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an explosion structure of the graphite processing tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a male mold of a graphite hot-bending mold according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a concave mold of a graphite hot bending mold according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 10. a substrate; 11. an installation part; 12. a tapered groove; 20. a cutter body; 21. a processing section; 22. a fixed part; 31. the bottom plane of the male die; 32. the top curved surface of the male die; 33. the top plane of the male die; 41. a cavity plane of the female die; 42, forming a concave die cavity curved surface; 43. and (4) forming a curved surface on the top of the female die.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a graphite machining tool, which includes a tool body 20 and a base 10 for fixing the tool body 20, wherein the base 10 is a clamping portion of the tool mounted on a machine tool, one axial end of the tool body 20 is a machining portion 21, the machining portion 21 is a hemispherical surface, one axial end of the tool body 20 is a positive direction pointed by a Z axis, the machining portion 21 is made of polycrystalline diamond, and the tool body 20 is made of hard alloy; the cutter body 20 and the processing part 21 are integrally formed after being sintered at high temperature and high pressure; the other axial end of the cutter body 20 is provided with a fixing part 22, preferably, the other axial end of the cutter body 20 is cut to form the fixing part 22, one end of the base 10 is provided with a mounting part 11, the fixing part 22 is fixedly connected with the mounting part 11, and preferably, the fixing part 22 is fixedly connected with the mounting part 11 in a welding mode; it should be noted that: the polycrystalline diamond is a polycrystal formed by mixing diamond micro powder with micron-sized granularity and a small amount of metal powder and then sintering the mixture at high temperature (1400 ℃) and high pressure (5-6GPa), preferably, the metal powder is Co, and the machining part 21 at one axial end of the cutter body 20 is machined by a five-axis laser machining center to complete the manufacturing of the semispherical machining part 21; the cutter processing part 21 adopts a spherical design, and the cutting part has no cutting edge. The processing principle of the non-cutting-edge cutter is as follows: when the surface of graphite is processed, polycrystalline diamond is a fine-grain diamond sintered body with different orientations and added with a binding agent, and in the high-speed rotation of a cutter, tiny gaps exist between diamond particles and the binding agent to achieve the surface grinding effect, so that the surface quality of the graphite is improved, and the roughness of the surface of the graphite is reduced; in the whole processing process, because the polycrystalline diamond has extremely high hardness and wear resistance, high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient, the polycrystalline diamond has the characteristics of fast heat dissipation during cutting, low cutting temperature and small thermal deformation, the polycrystalline diamond can adopt higher cutting speed than that of a conventional cutter during processing, and the service life of the polycrystalline diamond is longer than that of a hard alloy cutter; the cutting edge and the chip groove are not formed on the processing part 21 of the cutter, and the cutter is suitable for superfinishing the surface of the graphite material; therefore, the effect of machining can be improved as compared with the surface quality of conventional cutting tools.

The diameter of the semi-spherical machining part 21 is 1-6 mm, and the specific diameter of the tool machining part 21 can be selected according to the shape requirement of a machined workpiece.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment, the fixing portion 22 is integrally formed with the cutter body 20, the fixing portion 22 has a tapered shape, and a diameter of the fixing portion 22 on a side close to the cutter body 20 is larger than a diameter of the fixing portion 22 on a side away from the cutter body 20; that is to say, cutter body 20 includes the conical surface, be equipped with in the installation department 11 with cutter body conical surface fixed mounting's conical groove 12, the conical groove 12 that the cutter body conical surface and base member 10 correspond passes through high frequency inductor welded fastening to promote the rigidity of cutter, prevent that the welding reason from leading to the problem of cutter stability reduction, preferably, any generating line of cutter body conical surface with contained angle between the fixed part 22 axis is 60, it should point out, the axis direction of cutter body conical surface is the positive direction of Z axle.

The material of cutter body 20 is fine grit polycrystalline diamond compact, that is to say: the material of the processing part 21 is polycrystalline diamond, the material of the cutter body 20 is hard alloy, and it should be noted that the processing part 21 and the cutter body 20 are sintered under a high-temperature and high-pressure environment to form a composite sheet; preferably, the grain size of diamond in the fine-grained polycrystalline diamond compact is less than or equal to 1 micron, and the fine-grained polycrystalline diamond compact is synthesized at ultrahigh pressure and high temperature, so that the cutter body 20 has extremely high hardness and wear resistance, high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient, heat dissipation is fast during cutting, the cutting temperature is low, thermal deformation is small, the friction coefficient is small, and the connection between the processing part made of the polycrystalline diamond and the hard alloy fixing part 22 is stable; the base body 10 is a hard alloy base body 10, optionally, the base body 10 is a high-strength alloy steel base body 10, the polycrystalline diamond compact is a superhard material, the polycrystalline diamond compact inherits the advantages of high diamond hardness and good wear resistance, and the difficult problem of poor weldability between diamond and metal is overcome due to the good weldability between the cutter body 20 and the mounting part 22 which adopt the polycrystalline diamond compact, the fixing part 22 which adopts the hard alloy material and common metal, and the fixing capacity between the cutter body 20 and the base body 10 is improved.

In practical application, the principle of processing the cutter body 20 is as follows:

drawing a three-dimensional cutter graph and guiding the cutter graph into a laser processing center.

Firstly, cutting and processing PCD (polycrystalline diamond) by using a laser cutting machine, cutting the PCD into a plurality of bars, and processing the conical surface of the hard alloy part of the PCD cutter body by using a cylindrical grinding machine. And (3) processing the connecting conical surface of the cutter base body part by using a semi-finished hard alloy base body and adopting a laser processing center. And welding the PCD cutter body with the machined conical surface on a hard alloy substrate or a steel substrate 10 by using a high-frequency inductor, and cooling the welded cutter to room temperature.

And (3) loading the manufactured PCD cutter into a laser processing center, and using a probe to detect parameter setting, wherein the main setting parameters comprise cutter length, PCD thickness, cutting edge form and the like. And determining the detailed dimension parameters of the welded cutter according to the actually measured values.

And adjusting parameters of the laser processing equipment, wherein the main setting parameters comprise laser power, laser speed, waveform, laser frequency, processing offset and the like. And the laser processing equipment compares the processing offset with a design drawing according to the actual measurement size and the actual measurement size to determine.

The probe data is loaded and the tool profile is machined using a laser.

And after the machining is finished, the cutter is disassembled, and the projection detector is used for detecting the shape and contour size of the cutter and the goodness of fit of the design drawing.

The PCD cutter is used for the processing technique adopted by the surface finish machining of graphite materials, taking the surface of a graphite hot bending die processed by the novel cutter with phi 1R0.5 as an example:

referring to fig. 4-5, the graphite hot-bending mold is generally divided into a male mold and a female mold according to the form of the glass to be processed, the female mold comprises a female mold cavity plane 41, a female mold cavity curved surface 42 and a female mold top curved surface 43 which are integrally formed, the male mold comprises a male mold bottom plane 31, a male mold top curved surface 32 and a male mold top plane 33 which are integrally formed, it should be noted that the surface roughness requirements of the female mold cavity plane 41, the female mold cavity curved surface 42, the male mold top plane 33 and the male mold top curved surface 32 of the female mold cavity are generally ra0.2, the requirement of the internal and profile degree is lower than 0.01mm, and the rest of the mold has no strict requirement. The machining of the two parts is typically done using a CNC machining center to complete the machining of the entire mold. The machining process usually adopts an integral graphite block blank, a numerical control program is written according to a 3D model of a graphite die, a machining center is controlled through the CNC numerical control program, and rough machining and semi-finish machining of a female die and a male die are completed by adopting a conventional cutting tool. The rough machining and semi-finish machining processes are not described in detail, and preferably, the allowance left in finish machining is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005mm when the machining is finished.

The cutter is directed to the finishing process of the graphite product. The machining process is based on the graphite hot bending die product which completes rough machining and semi-finish machining, and the female die cavity and the top surface of the male die of the die are finely machined on the machined blank through CNC numerical control programming based on the product model. The requirements during numerical control programming are as follows: 1. the machining allowance is controlled to be as small as possible and uniform, the preferable cutting allowance is less than or equal to 0.005mm, the superfinishing of the die is completed, the control is strict, and if the allowance is too large or the allowance is not uniform, the situation that the roughness of the machined surface cannot meet the expected requirement easily occurs; 2. the CNC programming control copying cutting step is small, preferably less than or equal to 0.03mm, copying cutting is adopted, and unidirectional cutting is performed; 3. the spindle rotating speed and the feeding parameters need to be matched during cutting, the preferred rotating speed needs to be more than or equal to 15000RPM, and the feeding speed is less than or equal to 3000 mm/min. And writing a corresponding CNC program according to the conditions, importing the CNC program into a machining center, and performing the next operation. Machining center adopts this novel PCD cutter to accomplish the super precision finishing of mould, and the graphite dust that adopts compressed air to produce processing need be noticed to blow away from the product surface and prevent fish tail mould surface during processing to adopt dust extraction to collect the dust, prevent in dust loss to the air.

And after the machining is finished, taking out the graphite mold, and carrying out next step of detecting whether the size and the surface roughness meet the requirements.

The above embodiments of the present invention are only embodiments, and it should be noted herein that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept, improvements can be made, such as for processing similar graphite products and processing other materials similar to graphite materials, and modifying the related design parameters and manufacturing processes on the basis of the present invention, which are the same as the design idea and processing principle of the present invention, but these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a graphite processing cutter, includes the cutter body and is used for fixing the base member of cutter body, its characterized in that, the axial one end of cutter body is the processing portion, the processing portion is the hemisphere shape, the material of processing portion is polycrystalline diamond, the cutter body with the processing portion passes through high temperature sintering integrated into one piece, the axial other end of cutter body is equipped with the fixed part, the one end of base member is equipped with the installation department, the fixed part with installation department fixed connection.

2. The graphite machining tool of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the hemispherical machining portion is 1-6 mm.

3. The graphite machining tool of claim 1, wherein the body is made of cemented carbide.

4. The graphite machining tool of claim 1, wherein the retainer portion is integrally formed with the body, the retainer portion being tapered, the tapered retainer portion having a diameter closer to the body that is greater than a diameter of the tapered retainer portion distal from the body.

5. The graphite machining tool of claim 4, wherein the body includes a tapered surface, and the mounting portion includes a tapered slot fixedly mounted to the tapered surface of the body.

6. The graphite machining tool of claim 4, wherein the mounting portion is frustoconical, a diameter of the mounting portion proximate the base being greater than a diameter of the mounting portion distal the base.

7. The graphite machining tool of claim 4, wherein an angle between any generatrix of the conical anchoring portion and an axis of the conical anchoring portion is 40-70 °.

8. The graphite machining tool of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a cemented carbide substrate or a high strength alloy steel substrate.