CN102717342A - Milling and grinding tool capable of realizing high-efficient machining of inorganic composite material - Google Patents
Milling and grinding tool capable of realizing high-efficient machining of inorganic composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102717342A CN102717342A CN2012101894407A CN201210189440A CN102717342A CN 102717342 A CN102717342 A CN 102717342A CN 2012101894407 A CN2012101894407 A CN 2012101894407A CN 201210189440 A CN201210189440 A CN 201210189440A CN 102717342 A CN102717342 A CN 102717342A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a milling and grinding tool capable of realizing high-efficient machining of an inorganic composite material. The milling and grinding tool structurally comprises a cutter handle, a tool withdrawal groove, a chip groove, an electroplating and cutting part, and a chip space, wherein the diameter of the cutter handle of the milling and grinding tool is 10mm; the length of the cutter handle is 55mm; the surface roughness of the cutter handle is less than or equal to 0.16mu m; the total length of the milling and grinding tool is 70mm; the width of the electroplating and cutting part in the milling and grinding tool is 10mm; the diameter of the chip space is 5mm, and the depth of the chip space is 2mm. In order to meet the requirement of chip removal, four spiral grooves with certain spiral angles are uniformly distributed on the milling and grinding tool; and according to machining requirement, diamond abrasive particles with different particle sizes are electroplated on the electroplating and cutting part of the milling and grinding tool. According to the milling and grinding tool with the special structure, multiple cutting and micro cutting in milling and grinding can be fully utilized to remove the inorganic composite material, the tool can be used for removing large amount of remains, and the geometrical shape accuracy of brittle inorganic composite material machining is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of milling instrument, especially a kind of milling instrument of realizing the inorganic composite materials highly-efficient processing belongs to the cut field.
Background technology
Inorganic composite materials; Metal-base composites particularly; Have excellent comprehensive performances such as specific strength and specific modulus are high, high temperature resistant, wear-resisting, endurance, thermal coefficient of expansion is little, dimensional stability is good, thereby be widely used in a plurality of fields such as Aero-Space, sophisticated and futuristic weapons system, automobile, optical precision instrument, electronics.The acquisition of a series of excellent properties of such composite; Be to be cost with plasticity, toughness and the machinability of sacrificing composite; This material inhomogeneities low owing to plasticity and on microcosmic is difficult to machining, be embodied in especially tool wear fast with the finished surface defective more than etc. the aspect.
Although developed many new processing methods at present; Like methods such as spark machined, Laser Processing and high-pressure water jet processing; But the relatively expensive and not high reason of crudy owing to equipment, thus traditional machining (comprising: car, bore, mill, dash, hinge, boring and mill etc.) be still the main means of current processing.Grinding is a kind of method for fine finishing, but less about the report of such inorganic composite materials of grinding.Moreover for the processing problems of straight narrow groove, special surface etc., grinding does not well solve as yet.Mainly there is following problem at present in the processing of inorganic compounding:
(1) Metal Substrate, ceramic matric composite cut are to cutter material requirements height, and common high-speed steel and hard alloy cutter are difficult to the needs of competent cutting.Superhard cutter is a unique selection.But the superhard cutter manufacturing cost is high, and in use careless slightly will the damage increased manufacturing cost.In addition, superhard cutter generally is used for the fine finishining occasion, and makes small-diameter cutter, complex-shaped cutter (like bulb cutter, screw tap) difficulty, and this has also limited its application.
(2) Metal Substrate, ceramic matric composite cut quality are not easy to guarantee.Metal Substrate, ceramic matric composite crudy are poor, and for example: particles reiforced metal-base composition finished surface integrality is poor, the defectives such as pit that the surface exists wild phase to come off, fragmentation stays, and the phenomenons such as crackle that exist processing to cause are gone up with inferior surface in the surface.Ceramic matric composite belongs to hard brittle material, and processing causes various damages, and part service life and safe in utilization being difficult to guarantee.
(3) though the more domestic and international research institutions of process have researched and developed the process (like PCD diamond cutter Machining Technology for Cutting, UVC process technology, EDM Technology, Grinding Technology, laser processing technology etc.) of multiple processing inorganic composite materials; But all there is limitation in various degree in these technology; Comprise that cutter life problem, crudy guarantee that problem, complex-curved processing problems etc. all do not solve well; Can only be used for the trial-production of single and mini-batch production at present, be difficult to use in the batch process of through engineering approaches.
(4) above-mentioned Metal Substrate/ceramic matric composite is the development in recent years new material that gets up; In present document, data, handbook, be difficult to find and supply through engineering approaches application technology data information to instruct production; Be difficult to form normalized parts machining process file, also limited the through engineering approaches of these materials and used.
In sum, Metal Substrate, ceramic matric composite have huge application potential, have problems such as crudy is poor, cost height in the part processing, have seriously restricted applying of these materials.Present process technology has satisfied far away not in the aerospace field the requirement of inorganic composite materials part processing precision, working (machining) efficiency, and seeking new technological method for processing is the task of top priority.
The process of present existing processing inorganic composite materials also is difficult to form steady quality, through engineering approaches that production efficiency is high is criticized production. art; Add the shortage of related process data, the through engineering approaches that is seriously restricting the high performance inorganic complex material of a development is used.Along with development of aviation and aerospace technology; The performance indications of new high-tech product are constantly mentioned with requiring; Inorganic composite materials will be more and more widely in the application of type product; Carry out the research of inorganic composite materials precise high-efficiency process technology, solve of poor quality, problems such as efficient is low, cost height in the inorganic composite materials processing, apply for the development of aerospace science and technology development, inorganic composite materials technology and in the aerospace field and have important significance for theories and practical value.
According to consulting nearest pertinent literature; The result shows that the discovery tool wear was serious when milling cutters such as carbide alloy, high-speed steel carried out Milling Process to metal-base composites; During inorganic composite materials that particularly the processing granular size is big, granule content is higher; Can take place with the tipping phenomenon of cutter, and the arris place of workpiece often collapses the limit phenomenon, the high-accuracy high-efficiency rate that seriously restricts this type of material is processed; Grinding report about this type of material is less, and does not solve well for the processing grinding of straight narrow groove, die cavity class part and special surface.Therefore, a kind of milling instrument with advantages such as working (machining) efficiency height, cutter life are long, the cost of charp tool is lower of development has great practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of milling instrument to the narrow groove of inorganic composite materials, die cavity highly-efficient processing.In order to reduce cost, improve formed precision, this milling instrument adopts a kind of manufacturing process based on electroplating technology.
A kind of milling instrument of realizing the inorganic composite materials highly-efficient processing; Its structure mainly comprises handle of a knife, escape, chip area, plating and participates in cutting tip, chip space, said milling tool handle diameter 10mm, length 55mm; Surface roughness is less than or equal to 0.16 μ m; Said milling instrument total length is 70mm, and the width of plating and participation cutting tip is 10mm in the milling instrument, and the diameter of chip space is 5mm; Degree of depth 2mm wherein has 4 helicla flutes with certain helical angle for chip removal need be uniformly distributed with on the milling instrument.
Milling instrument of the present invention, chip area are in along wheel axis velocity attitude cutting workpiece.
The smear metal that milling instrument milling of the present invention processing produces can in time be got rid of through chip area, and cooling fluid can get into the milling processing district and in time the milling instrument cooled and wash away the part smear metal.
Milling instrument of the present invention, it is when the CNC milling machine speed of mainshaft is higher than 8000r/min, and the dynamic balancing of its said milling instrument is less than 2.5g, to satisfy the High-speed machining needs.
Milling instrument of the present invention, body portion adopt No. 45 steels to do, and it is carried out modifier treatment to improve intensity, reduce cost.
Milling instrument of the present invention, according to the processing needs, said milling instrument participate in cutting tip power on plate varigrained diamond abrasive grain just can, on matrix, adopt electric plating method electroplated diamond abrasive material, said diamond abrasive granularity is 80#.
This milling instrument adopts a kind of manufacturing process based on electroplating technology, because electroplating technology is simple, and small investment, easily manufactured; Need not finishing, easy to use; Single layer structure has determined it can reach very high operation speed, and the life-span is higher, and for the higher milling instrument of required precision, plating is unique manufacturing approach.Matrix adopting 45 steel of this milling instrument add modifier treatment, to improve the intensity of knife bar.In order to make the milling instrument have chip removal effect preferably, the part that plays shear action at the milling instrument has the helicla flute with certain angle, and at the electroplating surface last layer diamond of cutting tip, makes it to participate in cutting.
The limit phenomenon appearred collapsing in the rib of workpiece when this milling instrument had been avoided processing such inorganic composite materials, and is complete through the processed workpiece surface configuration, and has higher service life.
Milling tool processes inorganic composite materials with the present invention relates to has following characteristics:
(1) adds the characteristics that have milling and grinding man-hour simultaneously;
(2) compare with Milling Process, milling is the multiple cut process, can realize fine cutting;
(3) compare with grinding, bigger cutting-in and less feed rate are arranged in the milling process, have high material removing rate;
(4) by the finished surface of the work of milling, stress is concentrated less, in the time of therefore can avoiding Milling Process (especially at processing ditch, groove) because the fragility of material and the defective of breaking occurs in the edge of material.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is and the schematic diagram of processing inorganic composite materials with milling of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional axonometric drawing of the present invention;
Among Fig. 1, the 1st, the chip pocket on the milling instrument, the 2nd, need to electroplate and participate in cutting tip in the milling instrument; The 3rd, the inorganic compounding exemplar of being processed, among Fig. 2, the 1st, milling instrument knife bar; The 2nd, escape, the 3rd, the helicla flute that chip removal is used, the 4th, electroplated diamond part; The 5th, chip space, among Fig. 3, various piece is identical with the explanation of Fig. 2.
The specific embodiment
The milling tool base that the present invention relates to partly adopts No. 45 steels to do, and it is carried out modifier treatment to improve intensity, and the size of handle of a knife and quality requirement can be with reference to the milling cutters of same specification; Its structure of milling instrument mainly comprises handle of a knife 1, escape 2, chip area 3, electroplates and participate in cutting tip 4, chip space 5; Said milling tool handle diameter 10mm, length 55mm, surface roughness is less than or equal to 0.16 μ m; Said milling instrument total length is 70mm; The width that the grinder tool is participated in cutting tip is 10mm, and 3 is 4 helicla flutes with certain helical angle that are uniformly distributed with out above the described milling instrument among Fig. 2, in order to chip removal; 5 for the milling instrument is a chip space among Fig. 2, and diameter is 5mm, degree of depth 2mm; Among Fig. 25 is chip pocket for the milling instrument, diameter 5mm, and degree of depth 2mm is used for holding bits and cooling.According to the processing needs, 4 powering on and plate varigrained diamond abrasive grain and just can in Fig. 2.
This milling instrument, chip area are in along wheel axis velocity attitude cutting workpiece, and the smear metal that milling processing produces can in time be got rid of through chip area, and cooling fluid can get into the milling processing district and in time the milling instrument cooled and wash away the part smear metal.
The above-mentioned milling instrument that the present invention relates to is installed on the high-speed numeric control milling machine to replace milling cutter just can realize the milling processing of inorganic composite materials.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, see that from the structure of milling instrument milling instrument fluting is in along wheel axis velocity attitude cutting workpiece.This groove can form " cutter tooth " around emery wheel." cutter tooth " of front contact portion (a-quadrant among Fig. 1 in (b)) is equivalent to the milling workpiece in the milling process; And " cutter tooth " of back contact portion (the B zone among Fig. 1 in (b)) is equivalent to grinding work piece in the milling process.The smear metal that milling processing produces can in time be got rid of through 3 chip areas among Fig. 2, and cooling fluid can get into the milling processing district and in time the milling instrument cooled and wash away the part smear metal.Therefore, the emery wheel of this special construction can make full use of the removal that inorganic composite materials is accomplished in multiple cut and fine cutting in the grinding.
Can realize the highly-efficient processing of inorganic composite materials with milling instrument of the present invention; Its measure is the diamond abrasive at first 4 plating of the participation cutting tip in Fig. 2; Require coating to want evenly; Then it is carried out dynamic balancing measurement, when the CNC milling machine speed of mainshaft is higher than 8000r/min, its dynamic balancing less than 2.5g to satisfy the High-speed machining needs.Then it is installed on the high-speed numeric control milling machine, selects for use suitable technological parameter that inorganic composite materials is carried out efficient milling processing.Through preliminary test research, at technological parameter speed of mainshaft 8000r/min, under the situation of feed speed 30mm/min and milling degree of depth 1mm; (SiC content is 45% to metal-base composites; SiC grain diameter 5 μ m) carry out milling processing, surpass 90 minutes the service life of cutter, and coating does not have and comes off; The treatment of surfaces of components does not have the limit of collapsing phenomenon to be taken place, and planform is comparatively complete.
Though combined specific embodiment the present invention has been done detailed description; But it is obvious that; This does not constitute any limitation this; Those of ordinary skill in the art can replace all technical equivalents things and their combinations according to the knowledge of being grasped, and these all fall within the scope of the present invention's protection.
Claims (6)
1. the milling instrument that can realize the inorganic composite materials highly-efficient processing; Its structure mainly comprises handle of a knife (1), escape (2), chip area (3), needs to electroplate and participate in cutting tip (4), chip space (5), the diameter 10mm of said milling tool handle (1), length 55mm; Surface roughness is less than or equal to 0.16 μ m; Said milling instrument total length is 70mm, and needing the width of plating and participation cutting tip (4) is 10mm, and the diameter of chip space (5) is 5mm; Degree of depth 2mm wherein has 4 helicla flutes with certain helical angle for chip removal need be uniformly distributed with on the milling instrument.
2. milling instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, chip area (3) is in along wheel axis velocity attitude cutting workpiece.
3. milling instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the smear metal that milling processing produces can pass through chip area (3) eliminating in time, and cooling fluid can get into the milling processing district and in time the milling instrument cooled and wash away the part smear metal.
4. like the arbitrary described milling instrument of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that when the CNC milling machine speed of mainshaft is higher than 8000r/min, the dynamic balancing of its said milling instrument is less than 2.5g, to satisfy the High-speed machining needs.
5. like the arbitrary described milling instrument of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that body portion adopts No. 45 steels to do, and it is carried out modifier treatment to improve intensity, reduces cost.
6. milling instrument as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, on matrix, adopts electric plating method electroplated diamond abrasive material, and said diamond abrasive granularity is 80#.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012101894407A CN102717342A (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2012-06-11 | Milling and grinding tool capable of realizing high-efficient machining of inorganic composite material |
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| CN2012101894407A CN102717342A (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2012-06-11 | Milling and grinding tool capable of realizing high-efficient machining of inorganic composite material |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103639504A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Compression type milling and grinding cutter used for composite material processing |
| CN106239158A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-12-21 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | A kind of high-volume fractional silicon-carbide aluminum matrix composite semicircle orifice processing method |
| CN110091054A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-06 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Combined machining method based on Laser Discrete, efficient milling and laser milling |
| CN112828602A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-25 | 北方夜视技术股份有限公司 | Clamp, cutter and processing method for high-precision processing of image intensifier tube output end |
Citations (4)
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| CN2030528U (en) * | 1988-01-29 | 1989-01-11 | 武汉地质学院 | Diamond grinding head for processing stone |
| JPH08257923A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-10-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Shaft-equipped grinding wheel and tool holder |
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2012
- 2012-06-11 CN CN2012101894407A patent/CN102717342A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2030528U (en) * | 1988-01-29 | 1989-01-11 | 武汉地质学院 | Diamond grinding head for processing stone |
| JPH08257923A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-10-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Shaft-equipped grinding wheel and tool holder |
| JP2003305657A (en) * | 2002-04-16 | 2003-10-28 | Mito Kogyo Kk | Grinding tool and cooling system therefor |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 李大博: "SiCp增强铝基复合材料窄槽的铣磨实验研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文库，工程科技I辑》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103639504A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Compression type milling and grinding cutter used for composite material processing |
| CN106239158A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-12-21 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | A kind of high-volume fractional silicon-carbide aluminum matrix composite semicircle orifice processing method |
| CN110091054A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-06 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Combined machining method based on Laser Discrete, efficient milling and laser milling |
| CN112828602A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-25 | 北方夜视技术股份有限公司 | Clamp, cutter and processing method for high-precision processing of image intensifier tube output end |
| CN112828602B (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2022-04-12 | 北方夜视技术股份有限公司 | Clamp and method for high-precision machining of output end of image intensifier tube |
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Application publication date: 20121010 |