CN211725339U - Two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying synergistic WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals - Google Patents

Two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying synergistic WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals Download PDF

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CN211725339U
CN211725339U CN201921319899.8U CN201921319899U CN211725339U CN 211725339 U CN211725339 U CN 211725339U CN 201921319899 U CN201921319899 U CN 201921319899U CN 211725339 U CN211725339 U CN 211725339U
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stage
flue gas
stage spraying
adsorption
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吴江
贾焘
张梅琳
王润
刘海龙
赵晓燕
何平
马昕霞
毛旭
郭建文
官贞珍
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Shanghai University of Electric Power
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Shanghai University of Electric Power
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals by two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying in a synergistic manner, which is provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, wherein a first-stage adsorption area, a two-stage spraying area, an electrostatic dust removal area and a second-stage adsorption area are sequentially arranged between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet along the flow direction of flue gas, the two-stage spraying area and the electrostatic dust removal area are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a sewage discharge area is arranged below the two-stage adsorption area; the double-stage spraying area is provided with a first-stage spraying area and a second-stage spraying area which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a demisting area is arranged between the first-stage spraying area and the second-stage spraying area. Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses well flue gas carries out high-efficient desorption and purifies through being equipped with doublestage absorption, the wet electrostatic precipitator coprocessing back that the doublestage sprayed, can make heavy metals such as various forms arsenic selenium lead in the flue gas.

Description

Two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying synergistic WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of wet electrostatic precipitator (WESP) technique and specifically relates to a two-stage adsorbs and two-stage sprays WESP device of high-efficient desorption heavy metal in coordination.
Background
With the development of economy, the demand of industrial production and people's life on electric power is continuously promoted. Although China is energetically developing
Advocate energy-conserving electricity generation, develop measures such as new energy, but the energy structure that china is mainly on coal will not change in a short time.
China is the largest coal producing country and the largest coal consuming country in the world, and coal accounts for about 70% of energy structures at present. However, coal combustion produces large amounts of SOx、NOxAnd heavy metals, wherein the heavy metals with great harm comprise arsenic, selenium, lead and other heavy metals, the heavy metals are mainly enriched on submicron particles and are difficult to be effectively captured by conventional pollutant control facilities, the heavy metals mainly exist in the form of aerosol in the atmosphere and are not easy to settle, and most harmful heavy metals are difficult to be degraded by microorganisms and stay in the atmosphere for a long time, so that great harm is caused to an ecological system and human beings.
The research on how to control heavy metals by a coal-fired power plant purification device starts late in China, and the research direction in the prior art is mainly to determine the content of the heavy metals in the flue gas, but no complete solution is available for how to improve the removal efficiency of the heavy metals in the flue gas, strengthen the removal effect of the heavy metals in the flue gas and realize the high-efficiency removal of the heavy metals.
Therefore, in order to reduce the discharge amount of heavy metal pollutants in the atmosphere of a coal-fired power plant and perform morphological transformation, distribution and control on heavy metals in the coal-fired process, various technologies for removing particulate matters, heavy metals and the like in flue gas need to be developed urgently. Chinese patent CN108201974A discloses a wet electrostatic precipitator, which comprises a cleaning assembly and a case, wherein one side of the case is provided with an air inlet, the top of the case is provided with an air outlet, and a settling pond is arranged below the case. The technical scheme has the defects that the heavy metal removing process is single, grading treatment cannot be realized, and the removing rate is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a two-stage adsorbs and spray WESP device of high-efficient desorption heavy metal in coordination with the doublestage in order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized through the following technical scheme:
a WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals by two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying in a synergistic manner is provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, wherein a first-stage adsorption area, a two-stage spraying area, an electrostatic dust removal area and a second-stage adsorption area are sequentially arranged between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet along the flow direction of flue gas, the two-stage spraying area and the electrostatic dust removal area are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a sewage discharge area is arranged below the two-stage adsorption area;
the double-stage spraying area is provided with a first-stage spraying area and a second-stage spraying area which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a demisting area is arranged between the first-stage spraying area and the second-stage spraying area.
As the preferable technical scheme, the primary adsorption zone is provided with an adsorption bed of micron-sized porous sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate for adsorbing the particulate heavy metal and utilizing SO in the flue gas2Reacting with sodium bicarbonate to form an active oxide (such As sodium thiosulfate) to oxidize particulate heavy metals (such As As)3+Conversion to As5+Of Se0Conversion to Se4+Adding Pb to0Conversion to Pb2 +) Said particulate heavy metal comprises particulate Asp、SepAnd Pbp
As a preferred technical scheme, the primary spraying area is used for enabling flue gas to be in contact with a sodium hypochlorite solution sprayed by the primary spraying area, and heavy metals including arsenic, selenium and lead are further subjected to oxidation treatment by utilizing the sodium hypochlorite.
As a preferred technical scheme, the secondary spraying area is used for contacting flue gas with a solution prepared from sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate powder sprayed by the secondary spraying area, and the sodium carbonate and the sodium bicarbonate are utilized to further remove heavy metals in particle state, simple substance state and compound state, wherein the heavy metals in particle state comprise As in particle statep、SepAnd PbpElemental heavy metals include elemental Se0And Pb0The compound heavy metal includes compound As3+、As5+、Se4+And Pb2+
According to a preferable technical scheme, the mass ratio of the sodium carbonate to the sodium bicarbonate is 1: 1-3.
As a preferred technical scheme, the spraying particle diameter of the primary spraying area and the secondary spraying area is 10-200 μm.
As a preferable technical scheme, the demisting zone is provided with a demister, and the demister is used for treating fine dust particles, fog particles and wet gas saturated by liquid steam.
As the preferred technical scheme, the sewage discharge area is provided with an ash bucket and a sewage discharge outlet. Is used for collecting heavy metal arsenic, selenium, lead and other particles.
As a preferred technical scheme, the electrostatic dust collection area is provided with a central shaft, and an anode and a cathode which are alternately arranged and connected with the central shaft, wherein the cathode is provided with barbs, and the anode and the cathode periodically rotate along with the central shaft under the drive of the central shaft. The dust removal effect of the electrostatic dust removal area is improved, and the removal effect of the granular state formed by the sprayed arsenic, selenium, lead and the like and liquid drops can be further improved.
Preferably, the electrostatic dust collection area is further provided with a purging component, wherein the purging component is a high-pressure air ejector and is positioned above the anode and the cathode, and is used for purging particles adsorbed on an electrode plate of the electrostatic dust collection area to make the particles fall to the sewage discharge area.
As a preferred technical scheme, the secondary adsorption zone is provided with a micron-sized porous activated carbon and CaO adsorption bed, and CaO and activated carbon are utilized to further adsorb heavy metals including arsenic, selenium and lead.
As a preferred technical scheme, when the WESP removal efficiency is obviously reduced, operations such as replacing the adsorption bed, updating the spray liquid and the like are required.
The flue gas enters a first-stage adsorption zone from a flue gas inlet, wherein an adsorption bed of micron-sized porous sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate is arranged for adsorbing the granular heavy metal arsenic, selenium and lead (As)p、Sep、Pbp) Using SO in the flue gas2Reacting with sodium bicarbonate to form an active oxide (such As sodium thiosulfate) to convert As3+Conversion to As5+Of Se0Conversion to Se4+Adding Pb to0Conversion to Pb2+(ii) a The flue gas enters a primary spraying area after primary adsorption, the used spraying liquid is sodium hypochlorite solution, the flue gas is fully contacted with the spraying liquid in the spraying area, and further oxygen is generated by utilizing the sodium hypochloriteCarrying out chemical treatment on heavy metals such as arsenic, selenium, lead and the like; the flue gas enters a demisting zone after being subjected to primary spraying, wherein a demister is used for treating fine dust particles, fog particles and wet gas saturated by liquid steam; the flue gas enters a secondary spraying area after passing through a demisting area, the spraying liquid is a solution prepared from sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate powder, the flue gas is fully contacted with the spraying liquid in the spraying area, and the sodium carbonate and the sodium bicarbonate are utilized to further remove granular state (As)p、Sep、Pbp) Elemental state (Se)0,Pb0) And compound state (As)3+,As5 +,Se4+,Pb2+) Arsenic, selenium, lead and other heavy metals; the flue gas enters the electrostatic dust removal area after passing through the secondary spraying area, wherein anodes and cathodes provided with barbs are arranged in a staggered mode and connected to the central shaft, and the electrodes periodically rotate along with the central shaft during working, so that the dust removal effect of the electrostatic dust removal area is improved, and the removal effect of arsenic, selenium, lead and the like in a particle state formed by sprayed liquid drops can be further improved; the flue gas enters a secondary adsorption zone after passing through an electrostatic dust collection zone, an adsorption bed provided with micron-sized porous activated carbon and CaO further adsorbs heavy metals such as arsenic, selenium, lead and the like in various forms by utilizing the CaO and the activated carbon, and finally the purified flue gas is discharged from a flue gas outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: aiming at effectively removing pollutant particles and heavy metal arsenic selenium lead in the flue gas, the flue gas sequentially passes through a primary adsorption area, a primary spraying area, a demisting area, a secondary spraying area, an electrostatic dust removal area and a secondary adsorption area, and a wet electrostatic dust collector with two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying is adopted to carry out synergistic treatment on the heavy metal arsenic selenium lead in the flue gas, so that various forms of arsenic selenium lead in the flue gas are efficiently removed, the removal rate of heavy metals is integrally improved, and ultralow near zero emission of the coal-fired flue gas is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the WESP device for the two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying cooperative high-efficiency heavy metal removal of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a flue gas inlet, 2 is a primary adsorption zone, 3 is a primary spray zone, 4 is a demister, 5 is a secondary spray zone, 6 is an anode, 7 is a cathode, 8 is a prickle, 9 is a secondary adsorption zone, 10 is a flue gas outlet, 11 is an ash bucket, 12 is a sewage discharge outlet, and 321 is a purging component.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
A WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals by two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying in a synergistic manner is shown in figure 1 and comprises a flue gas inlet 1 and a flue gas outlet 10, wherein a first-stage adsorption area 2, a two-stage spraying area, an electrostatic dust removal area and a second-stage adsorption area 9 are sequentially arranged between the flue gas inlet 1 and the flue gas outlet 10 along the flow direction of flue gas, the two-stage spraying area and the electrostatic dust removal area are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a sewage discharge area is arranged below the two-stage adsorption area; the double-stage spraying area is provided with a first-stage spraying area 3 and a second-stage spraying area 5 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a demisting area is arranged between the first-stage spraying area 3 and the second-stage spraying area 5.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
in this embodiment, this WESP device includes the barrel, and blowdown district, doublestage spray district and electrostatic precipitator district from the bottom up and set gradually in the barrel, and one-level adsorption zone 2 and second grade adsorption zone 9 set up in the barrel side, and one-level adsorption zone 2 sprays district 3 with the one-level and links to each other, and second grade adsorption zone 9 links to each other with the electrostatic precipitator district, and flue gas import 1 connects on one-level adsorption zone 2, and exhanst gas outlet 10 connects on second grade adsorption zone 9.
In this embodiment, the first-stage adsorption zone 2 is provided with an adsorption bed of micron-sized porous sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate for adsorbing particulate heavy metals by using SO in flue gas2Reacting with sodium bicarbonate to generate active oxide to oxidize particulate heavy metal including particulate Asp、SepAnd Pbp
In this embodiment, the primary spraying area 3 is used for contacting the flue gas with the sodium hypochlorite solution sprayed by the primary spraying area 3, and the heavy metals including arsenic, selenium and lead are further oxidized and treated by utilizing sodium hypochlorite. The secondary spraying area 5 is used for contacting the flue gas with a solution prepared by sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate powder sprayed by the secondary spraying area 5, and the sodium carbonate and the sodium bicarbonate are utilized to further remove heavy metals in particle state, simple substance state and compound stateThe particulate heavy metal includes particulate Asp、SepAnd PbpElemental heavy metals include elemental Se0And Pb0The compound heavy metal includes compound As3+、As5+、Se4+And Pb2+. The mass ratio of the sodium carbonate to the sodium bicarbonate is preferably 1: 1-3. More preferably, the spraying particle size of the primary spraying area 3 and the secondary spraying area 5 is 10 μm-200 μm. The demisting zone is provided with a demister 4, and the demister 4 is used for treating fine dust particles, mist particles and wet gas saturated by liquid vapor.
In this embodiment, the electrostatic dust collection area is provided with a central shaft, and an anode 6 and a cathode 7 which are alternately arranged and connected to the central shaft, the cathode 7 is provided with barbs 8, and the anode 6 and the cathode 7 are driven by the central shaft to periodically rotate along with the central shaft. The dust removal effect of the electrostatic dust removal area is improved, and the removal effect of the granular state formed by the sprayed arsenic, selenium, lead and the like and liquid drops can be further improved. Preferably, the electrostatic dust removing area is further provided with a purging component 321, and the purging component 321 is a high-pressure air ejector and is positioned above the anode 6 and the cathode 7 for purging the particles adsorbed on the electrode plate of the electrostatic dust removing area to fall to the sewage draining area.
The sewage discharge area is provided with an ash bucket 11 and a sewage discharge outlet 12. Is used for collecting heavy metal arsenic, selenium, lead and other particles.
In this embodiment, the secondary adsorption zone 9 is provided with an adsorption bed of micron-sized porous activated carbon and CaO, and the CaO and the activated carbon are used to further adsorb heavy metals including arsenic, selenium and lead.
When the WESP device works, flue gas firstly enters a primary adsorption area 2 from a flue gas inlet 1, granular arsenic, selenium and lead in the flue gas are adsorbed by porous sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, and flue gas SO2Reacting with sodium bicarbonate to generate active oxide (such As sodium thiosulfate) to oxidize arsenic, selenium and lead into As5+、Se4+And Pb2+(ii) a Then the flue gas enters a primary spraying area 3, the sprayed sodium hypochlorite liquid drops and part of heavy metal particles are combined to form larger particles which are settled in an ash bucket 11, and part of heavy metal arsenic, selenium and lead is further oxidized; the flue gas then passes through a demister 4 to treat fine dust particles, mist particles and moisture saturated by liquid vaporA gas; the other part of heavy metal particles in the flue gas upwards enter a secondary spraying area 5 and fully contact with a spraying liquid sodium carbonate and a sodium bicarbonate solution to further remove heavy metals such as arsenic, selenium, lead and the like in various forms; then, the residual heavy metal particles enter an electrostatic dust removal area, the residual heavy metal particles are partially adsorbed on an electrode plate after corona discharge, the electrode plate of the electrostatic dust removal area periodically rotates along with a central shaft, the heavy metal particles adsorbed on the electrode are blown to an ash bucket 11 through a blowing component 321, and the heavy metal particles deposited at the ash bucket are discharged from a sewage outlet 12; the flue gas enters a secondary adsorption zone 9 after passing through the electrostatic dust collection zone, residual heavy metals in the flue gas are further adsorbed by CaO and activated carbon, and the purified flue gas is finally discharged from a flue gas outlet 10. Taking heavy metal lead as an example, the lead concentration at the inlet of the flue gas is 30 mu g/m after 5-10 times of tests of a simulated flue gas system3The overall error of the simulation experiment is +/-5 percent, the flow rate of the flue gas is set to be 1.2L/min, and the average lead content detected in the flue gas after the two-stage adsorption and two-stage spray oxidation of the device is 5.67 mu g/m3
The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention according to the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals by two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying in a synergistic manner is characterized by comprising a flue gas inlet (1) and a flue gas outlet (10), wherein a first-stage adsorption area (2), a two-stage spraying area, an electrostatic dust removal area and a second-stage adsorption area (9) are sequentially arranged between the flue gas inlet (1) and the flue gas outlet (10) along the flow direction of flue gas, the two-stage spraying area and the electrostatic dust removal area are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a sewage discharge area is arranged below the two-stage adsorption area;
the double-stage spraying area is provided with a first-stage spraying area (3) and a second-stage spraying area (5) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a demisting area is arranged between the first-stage spraying area (3) and the second-stage spraying area (5).
2. The WESP device for high-efficiency removal of heavy metals by the synergy of two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying according to claim 1, wherein the spraying particle size of the first-stage spraying area (3) and the second-stage spraying area (5) is 10-200 μm.
3. The WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals by the synergy of two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying according to claim 1, wherein the demisting zone is provided with a demister (4), and the demister (4) is used for processing fine dust particles, fog particles and wet gas saturated by liquid vapor.
4. The WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals by the synergy of two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying according to claim 1, wherein the electrostatic dust removal zone is provided with a central shaft, and an anode (6) and a cathode (7) which are alternately arranged and connected to the central shaft, the cathode (7) is provided with barbs (8), and the anode (6) and the cathode (7) are driven by the central shaft to periodically rotate along with the central shaft.
5. The WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals by virtue of the synergy of two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying according to claim 4, wherein the electrostatic dust removal area is further provided with a purging component (321), the purging component (321) is a high-pressure air injector and is positioned above the anode (6) and the cathode (7) for purging the particles adsorbed on the electrode plate of the electrostatic dust removal area to make the particles fall to the pollution discharge area.
CN201921319899.8U 2019-08-13 2019-08-13 Two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying synergistic WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals Active CN211725339U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110449021A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-15 上海电力大学 Two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying synergistic WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110449021A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-15 上海电力大学 Two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying synergistic WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals
CN110449021B (en) * 2019-08-13 2024-07-23 上海电力大学 WESP device for efficiently removing heavy metals by combining two-stage adsorption and two-stage spraying

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