CN211719758U - Directional coupler - Google Patents
Directional coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN211719758U CN211719758U CN201922441109.XU CN201922441109U CN211719758U CN 211719758 U CN211719758 U CN 211719758U CN 201922441109 U CN201922441109 U CN 201922441109U CN 211719758 U CN211719758 U CN 211719758U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses directional coupler for coupling the radio frequency signal of transmission of filter mobile jib, directional coupler includes: the coupling microstrip, the coupling output strip and the isolation strip; the coupling microstrip and the filter main rod form a space coupling relation; the coupling microstrip comprises a rectangular structure and two S-shaped arm structures, and the rectangular structure and the two S-shaped arm structures are integrated; wherein the two S-shaped arm structures are respectively connected with the two wide sides of the rectangular copper metal sheet; the end point of one S-shaped arm structure is connected with the coupling output strip, and the coupling output strip is used for outputting a coupling signal; and the end point of the other S-shaped arm structure is connected with the isolation belt, and the isolation belt is connected with the ground.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the field of communication, in particular to a directional coupler.
Background
In the theory of electronics, an alternating current passes through a conductor, and an alternating electromagnetic field, called an electromagnetic wave, is formed around the conductor. When the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is higher than 100 kilohertz, the electromagnetic wave can be transmitted in the air and reflected by an ionosphere at the outer edge of the atmosphere to form a long-distance transmission capability, and the high-frequency electromagnetic wave with the long-distance transmission capability is called radio frequency. Radio frequency communication, namely, information transmission by using radio frequency signals, is a wireless communication mode. The radio frequency signal has the attribute parameters of power, phase relation, frequency, bandwidth and the like.
There are many situations in radio frequency communication systems where it is desirable to distribute the power of a radio frequency signal in a certain power and phase relationship. The directional coupler is especially prominent as a radio frequency signal power divider with directivity, and has the advantages of small insertion loss, wide frequency band, capability of bearing larger input power, capability of expanding the range according to the requirement and the like. The directional coupler comprises a main rod, a coupling microstrip, a coupling output band and an isolation band. When the radio frequency signal is transmitted on the main rod, due to the coupling relation between the main rod and the coupling microstrip, a coupling signal corresponding to the radio frequency signal transmitted on the main rod can be generated on the coupling strip, and the coupling signal can be transmitted to other detectors through the coupling output strip to perform processes such as detection or analysis.
Directional couplers are relatively common microwave devices in radio frequency systems and can sample signals for measurement and monitoring, signal distribution and synthesis. With the application of 5G technology, the frequency band of signals processed by the front end of the rf system is increasing, and a wideband directional coupler becomes a necessary choice.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a directional coupler, configured to couple a radio frequency signal transmitted by a main rod of a filter, where the directional coupler includes: the coupling microstrip, the coupling output strip and the isolation strip;
the coupling microstrip and the filter main rod form a space coupling relation;
the coupling microstrip comprises a rectangular structure and two S-shaped arm structures, and the rectangular structure and the two S-shaped arm structures are integrated; wherein the two S-shaped arm structures are respectively connected with two wide sides of the rectangular structure;
the end point of one S-shaped arm structure is connected with the coupling output strip, and the coupling output strip is used for outputting a coupling signal; and the end point of the other S-shaped arm structure is connected with the isolation belt, and the isolation belt is connected with the ground.
Optionally, based on the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the coupling microstrip, the coupling output strip, or the isolation strip is a metal sheet.
Optionally, in accordance with the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the coupling microstrip, the coupling output strip, or the isolation strip is a copper metal sheet.
Based on the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, optionally, one end of the main rod of the filter is connected to the resonant cavity of the cavity filter, and the other end of the main rod of the filter is connected to the antenna interface.
Based on the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the directional coupler includes a coupling slot, the coupling microstrip, the coupling output strip and the isolation strip are all located in the coupling slot, and a slot wall of the coupling slot is made of a metal material.
Based on the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the main rod of the filter is a copper rod with a diameter of 4 mm.
Based on the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the coupling microstrip is a copper sheet with a thickness of 0.035 mm.
Based on the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, optionally, a distance between a plane where the coupling microstrip is located and a center line of the main rod of the filter is 10 mm.
Based on the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the coupling slot is a rectangular parallelepiped space with a length of 25 mm, a width of 6 mm, and a height of 2 mm.
Based on the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the rectangular structure has a length of 5.02 mm and a width of 4.5 mm;
the S-shaped arm structure is a planar structure and comprises: the structure comprises a first area 301, a second area 302, a third area 303, a fourth area 304 and a fifth area 305, wherein the first area 301, the second area 302, the third area 303, the fourth area 304 and the fifth area 305 are all rectangular sheet-shaped structures;
the first area 301 is a rectangle with a length of 1 mm and a width of 0.7 mm, one long side of the first area coincides with the wide side of the rectangular structure, the other long side of the first area coincides with one side of the second area, and one wide side of the first area and one wide side of the rectangular structure are in a straight line;
the second area 302 is a rectangle with a length of 4.5 mm and a width of 1 mm, one long side of the second area coincides with one long side of the first area, the other long side of the second area coincides with one long side of the third area, and one wide side of the second area and one wide side of the first area are in the same straight line;
the third region 303 is a rectangle with a width of 1 mm and a width of 0.63 mm, one long side of the third region coincides with one long side of the second region, and the other long side of the third region coincides with one long side of the fourth region; one broadside of the third region is in the same straight line with one broadside of the second region;
the fourth area 304 is a rectangle with a length of 2.75 mm and a width of 1 mm, one long side of the fourth area coincides with one long side of the third area, the other long side of the third area coincides with one long side of the fifth area, and one wide side of the fourth area and one wide side of the third area are in the same straight line;
the fifth area 305 is a rectangle with a length of 1 mm and a width of 0.7 mm, one long side of the fifth area coincides with one long side of the fourth area, and one wide side of the fifth area and one wide side of the fourth area are in the same straight line;
the two S-shaped arm structures are bilaterally symmetrical structures.
According to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, optionally,
the end point of one S-shaped arm structure is connected with the coupling output strip through a conductor;
the end point of the other S-shaped arm structure is connected with the isolation strip through a conductor;
based on the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, optionally, the coupling microstrip, the coupling output strip, and the isolation strip are disposed on a PCB board.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages: a novel directional coupler is provided. Can be applied to the broadband situation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prior art corresponding to a directional coupler of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a directional coupler of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coupling microstrip structure according to an embodiment of the directional coupler of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the theory of electronics, an alternating current passes through a conductor, and an alternating electromagnetic field, called an electromagnetic wave, is formed around the conductor. When the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is higher than 100 kilohertz (kHz), the electromagnetic wave can be transmitted in the air and reflected by an ionosphere at the outer edge of the atmosphere to form a long-distance transmission capability, and the high-frequency electromagnetic wave with the long-distance transmission capability is called as radio frequency. Radio frequency communication, namely, information transmission by using radio frequency signals, is a wireless communication mode. The radio frequency signal has the attribute parameters of power, phase relation, frequency, bandwidth and the like.
There are many situations in radio frequency communication systems where it is desirable to distribute the power of a radio frequency signal in a certain power and phase relationship. The directional coupler is especially prominent as a radio frequency signal power divider with directivity, and has the advantages of small insertion loss, wide frequency band, capability of bearing larger input power, capability of expanding the range according to the requirement and the like. The directional coupler comprises a main rod, a coupling microstrip, a coupling output band and an isolation band. When there is the radio frequency signal transmission on the mobile jib, because the coupling relation between mobile jib and the coupling microstrip, the coupling can produce the coupling signal corresponding with the radio frequency signal that propagates on the mobile jib for the area, can carry out processes such as detection or analysis with coupling signal transmission to other detectors through coupling output area, and directional coupler's work index includes: coupling, isolation, directivity, return loss, insertion loss, and the like.
Directional couplers are relatively common microwave devices in mobile radio systems and can sample signals for measurement and monitoring, signal distribution and synthesis. With the application of 5G technology, the frequency band of signals processed by the front end of the mobile phone radio frequency is increasing, and a directional coupler with wide frequency band becomes a necessary choice.
In a mobile communication base station facility of a radio frequency communication system, a directional coupler is used for detecting return loss of a filter main rod, the connection state of the filter main rod and an antenna port, and the performance states of equipment such as the filter main rod, a cavity filter and the like. The coupler therefore plays an important role in monitoring in the system.
A directional coupler in a duplexer, which is commonly used at present, is modeled as shown in fig. 1, and includes: a filter main rod 101, a coupling microstrip 102, a coupling output strip 103 and an isolation strip 104.
The main rod of the filter is used for transmitting radio frequency signals,
a space coupling relation is formed between the coupling micro-strip above the main rod of the filter and the main rod of the filter, and a coupling distance exists between the main rod of the filter and the coupling micro-strip. When the main rod of the filter transmits radio frequency signals, coupling signals corresponding to the radio frequency signals are generated in the coupling micro-bands.
The isolation line is used for being connected with the ground, the coupling output band is used for outputting a coupling signal, and the coupling signal is transmitted into the detection circuit through the coupling output band so as to analyze the coupling signal.
With the development of communication technology, the operating frequency band bandwidth of the cavity filter connected to the main rod of the filter gradually increases, and the requirement for the operating bandwidth of the directional coupler for detecting the main rod of the filter also gradually increases.
The directional coupler matched with the cavity filter is small in bandwidth range, and the directional coupler is suitable for the problem.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application includes: a filter main rod 201, a coupling microstrip 202, a coupling output strip 203 and an isolation strip 204.
The coupling microstrip 202 is a copper metal sheet, is located on the upper side of the main rod of the filter, and forms a spatial coupling relationship with the main rod of the filter, and a spatial coupling distance exists between the main rod of the filter and the coupling microstrip. It is understood that the coupling microstrip 202, the coupling-out strip 203, or the isolation strip 204 may each be a metal sheet. Preferably, at least one of the coupling microstrip 202, the coupling-out strip 203 or the isolation strip 204 is a metal sheet made of copper.
The coupling microstrip comprises a rectangular structure and two S-shaped arm structures, and the rectangular structure and the two S-shaped arm structures are integrated; wherein the two S-shaped arm structures are respectively connected with the two wide sides of the rectangular copper metal sheet.
Referring to fig. 3, the specific structure of the coupling microstrip is a copper sheet-like structure with a thickness of 0.035 mm, and includes a rectangular structure 300 with a length of 5.02 mm and a width of 4.5 mm and a bilaterally symmetrical S-shaped structure in the middle of the coupling microstrip.
The S-shaped arm structure is symmetrical left and right, and only one S-shaped arm structure is taken as an example for description, and specifically includes: the microstrip antenna comprises a first area 301, a second area 302, a third area 303, a fourth area 304 and a fifth area 305, wherein the first area 301, the second area 302, the third area 303, the fourth area 304 and the fifth area 305 are all rectangular sheet-shaped structures, and the thickness of the first area 301, the second area 302, the third area 303, the fourth area 304 and the fifth area 305 is consistent with that of the rectangular structures in the middle of the coupling microstrip.
The second area 302 is a rectangle 4.5 mm long and 1 mm wide, a long side of the second area coincides with a long side of the first area, another long side of the second area coincides with a long side of the third area, and a wide side of the second area is in the same straight line with a wide side of the first area.
The third region 303 is a rectangle with a width of 1 mm and a width of 0.63 mm, one long side of the third region coincides with one long side of the second region, and the other long side of the third region coincides with one long side of the fourth region; one broadside of the third region is collinear with one broadside of the second region.
The fourth area 304 is a rectangle with a length of 2.75 mm and a width of 1 mm, one long side of the fourth area coincides with one long side of the third area, the other long side of the third area coincides with one long side of the fifth area, and one wide side of the fourth area and one wide side of the third area are in the same straight line.
The fifth region 305 is a rectangle with a length of 1 mm and a width of 0.7 mm, a long side of the fifth region coincides with a long side of the fourth region, a wide side of the fifth region and a wide side of the fourth region are in the same straight line, and a circular hole for connecting with a coupling output band or an isolation band is arranged between the fourth region and a region lower than the fourth region.
It is noted that the above detailed description of the S-arm structure includes: the area division and the specific size of the area are examples for facilitating understanding, and the structure of the coupling microstrip only needs to conform to the rectangular structure and the S-shaped structure with symmetrical two sides in the actual use process. Namely, the method belongs to the scope of the scheme, and the specific numerical value example should not limit the scheme.
Two sides of the coupling microstrip are respectively connected with a coupling output band and an isolation band, specifically, the end point of one S-shaped arm structure is connected with the coupling output band, and the coupling output band is used for outputting a coupling signal; and the end point of the other S-shaped arm structure is connected with the isolation belt, and the isolation belt is connected with the ground.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages: a novel directional coupler is provided. Can be applied to the broadband situation.
On the basis of the composition structure of the directional coupler in the above embodiment, some alternatives in the implementation process of the present solution are respectively described:
in a first aspect, the directional coupler includes a coupling slot, the coupling microstrip, the coupling output strip and the isolation strip are all located in the coupling slot, and a slot wall of the coupling slot is made of a metal material. The size of the coupling groove is a cuboid space with the length of 25 mm, the width of 6 mm and the height of 2 mm. The length direction of the rectangular area included by the coupling microstrip is consistent with the length direction of the coupling groove.
The size of the coupling slot and the position relation between the coupling slot and the coupling microstrip are obtained by analyzing experimental data, the performance index of the directional coupler is also influenced, and after the shape and the size of the coupling microstrip are determined, the scheme of the coupling slot matched with the coupling slot is the scheme. After data analysis is carried out on the microstrip coupler, the best matching between the coupling slot design and the coupling microstrip is obtained, and the bandwidth adapted to the coupler can be increased.
In a second aspect, the distance between the plane of the coupling microstrip and the central line of the main rod of the filter is 10 mm, the distance between the coupling microstrip and the main rod of the filter is 10 mm, and the main rod of the filter is a copper rod with a diameter of 4 mm. The coupling distance between the coupling microstrip and the main rod of the filter also influences the coupling effect and the use bandwidth of the directional coupler. Under the condition of the size of the directional coupler, the distance relation matched with the directional coupler is that the distance between the plane where the coupling microstrip is located and the central line of the main rod of the filter is 10 millimeters. In this case, the bandwidth range applicable to the directional coupler obtained by the experiment is wide. The bandwidth requirement of the coupler in most cases can be met.
In a third aspect. The end point of one S-shaped arm structure of the coupling microstrip is connected with the coupling output band through a conductor, and the end point of the other S-shaped arm structure of the coupling microstrip is connected with the isolation band through a conductor. The coupling microstrip, the coupling output strip and the isolation strip are arranged on the PCB.
The coupling microstrip is connected with the coupling output band and the isolation band in order to complete the coupling relation and output the coupling signal at the same time, so that no special requirements exist on the characteristics of the coupling output band, the isolation band, the form, the size and the like. The coupling output band and the isolation band have influence on the coupling process, and the coupling output band and the isolation band have impedance matched with 50 ohm impedance provided by the main rod, and the coupling microstrip, the coupling output band and the isolation band should provide 50 ohm impedance. In order to ensure the impedance value, a scheme that the coupling microstrip is respectively connected with the coupling output strip and the isolation strip through conductors can be adopted to ensure that the impedance of the whole coupling part is 50 ohms. The coupling microstrip, the coupling output strip and the isolation strip are arranged on the PCB. The coupling structure can be made more stable. Meanwhile, original components such as a detection circuit and the like can be integrated on the PCB. So as to reduce the space occupied by the whole detection system, and the details are not limited herein.
The above description of the present application with reference to specific embodiments is not intended to limit the present application to these embodiments. For those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, several changes and substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these changes and substitutions should be considered to fall within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A directional coupler for coupling radio frequency signals transmitted by a filter boom, the directional coupler comprising: the coupling microstrip, the coupling output strip and the isolation strip;
the coupling microstrip and the filter main rod form a space coupling relation;
the coupling microstrip comprises a rectangular structure and two S-shaped arm structures, and the rectangular structure and the two S-shaped arm structures are integrated; wherein the two S-shaped arm structures are respectively connected with two wide sides of the rectangular structure;
the end point of one S-shaped arm structure is connected with the coupling output strip, and the coupling output strip is used for outputting a coupling signal; and the end point of the other S-shaped arm structure is connected with the isolation belt, and the isolation belt is connected with the ground.
2. The directional coupler of claim 1, wherein at least one of the coupling microstrip, the coupling-out strip, or the isolation strip is a metal sheet made of copper.
3. The directional coupler of claim 1, wherein the directional coupler comprises a coupling slot, the coupling microstrip, the coupling output strip and the isolation strip are all located in the coupling slot, and a slot wall of the coupling slot is made of a metal material.
4. A directional coupler according to claim 1, characterised in that the main filter rod is a 4 mm diameter copper rod.
5. The directional coupler of claim 1, wherein the coupling microstrip is a copper sheet having a thickness of 0.035 mm.
6. The directional coupler according to claim 1, wherein the plane of the coupling microstrip is located at a distance of 10 mm from the center line of the main rod of the filter.
7. A directional coupler according to claim 3, wherein said coupling slot is a rectangular parallelepiped space 25 mm long, 6 mm wide and 2 mm high.
8. The directional coupler of claim 1, wherein the rectangular structure is 5.02 mm long and 4.5 mm wide;
the S-shaped arm structure is a planar structure and comprises: the device comprises a first area (301), a second area (302), a third area (303), a fourth area (304) and a fifth area (305), wherein the first area (301), the second area (302), the third area (303), the fourth area (304) and the fifth area (305) are all rectangular sheet-shaped structures;
the first area (301) is a rectangle with the length of 1 millimeter and the width of 0.7 millimeter, one long edge of the first area is overlapped with the wide edge of the rectangular structure, the other long edge of the first area is overlapped with one edge of the second area, and one wide edge of the first area and one wide edge of the rectangular structure are in a straight line;
the second area (302) is a rectangle with the length of 4.5 mm and the width of 1 mm, one long edge of the second area is coincided with one long edge of the first area, the other long edge of the second area is coincided with one long edge of the third area, and one wide edge of the second area and one wide edge of the first area are in the same straight line;
the third area (303) is rectangular with a width of 1 mm and a width of 0.63 mm, one long side of the third area coincides with one long side of the second area, and the other long side of the third area coincides with one long side of the fourth area; one broadside of the third region is in the same straight line with one broadside of the second region;
the fourth area (304) is a rectangle with the length of 2.75 mm and the width of 1 mm, one long edge of the fourth area is coincided with one long edge of the third area, the other long edge of the third area is coincided with one long edge of the fifth area, and one wide edge of the fourth area and one wide edge of the third area are in the same straight line;
the fifth area (305) is a rectangle with the length of 1 mm and the width of 0.7 mm, one long side of the fifth area is overlapped with one long side of the fourth area, and one wide side of the fifth area and one wide side of the fourth area are in the same straight line;
the two S-shaped arm structures are bilaterally symmetrical structures.
9. A directional coupler according to claim 1,
the end point of one S-shaped arm structure is connected with the coupling output strip through a conductor;
and the end point of the other S-shaped arm structure is connected with the isolation strip through a conductor.
10. The directional coupler of claim 1, wherein the coupling microstrip, the coupling-out strip, and the isolation strip are disposed on a PCB board.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922441109.XU CN211719758U (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Directional coupler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922441109.XU CN211719758U (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Directional coupler |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN211719758U true CN211719758U (en) | 2020-10-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922441109.XU Active CN211719758U (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Directional coupler |
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| CN (1) | CN211719758U (en) |
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- 2019-12-30 CN CN201922441109.XU patent/CN211719758U/en active Active
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Address after: 233000 building 4, national financial incubation Industrial Park, 17 Yannan Road, high tech Zone, Bengbu City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Dafu Technology (Anhui) Co., Ltd Address before: 518000 the first, second and third floors of 101 and A4 in the third industrial zone A1, A2 and A3 of Shajing Industrial Company, Ho Xiang Road, Shajing street, Bao'an District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: SHENZHEN TATFOOK TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |