CN211715617U

CN211715617U - Air spring and automobile hydraulic shock absorber

Info

Publication number: CN211715617U
Application number: CN201922092337.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭怀宝
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-11-28
Filing date: 2019-11-28
Publication date: 2020-10-20
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-28

Abstract

A hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile belongs to the technical field of automobile shock absorbers. Including pressure cylinder (501) and at gas spring piston rod (502) that sets up in pressure cylinder (501) center department, its characterized in that: the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder (501) changes from one end to the other end in sequence. In this car hydraulic shock absorber, an air spring that the pressure cylinder external diameter changes in proper order is provided to set up the circulation passageway in the base, increased the flow area of hydraulic oil in bottom valve department, effectively alleviated the damping force that appears in the bottom valve department untimely because of the hydraulic oil circulation, improved the travelling comfort by bus, and through air spring and circulation passageway cooperation, avoided the car to hold in the palm the end. Through set up the overflow groove in the piston cylinder, alleviated the damping force that appears in the untimely circulation of hydraulic oil in piston body department simultaneously.

Description

Air spring and automobile hydraulic shock absorber

Technical Field

A hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile belongs to the technical field of automobile shock absorbers.

Background

Hydraulic damping is a common damping mode in the field of automobiles. In the automobile shock absorber, a shock absorber piston rod and a shock absorber shell are respectively arranged on an automobile body and a wheel assembly, and when the automobile vibrates up and down in the running process, the piston reciprocates in a piston cylinder to play a shock absorption role. The moving amplitude of a shock absorber piston rod in the automobile shock absorber is in direct proportion to the shock amplitude degree of an automobile, namely the larger the shock amplitude of the automobile is, the faster the reciprocating speed of the piston is, and the faster the speed of the piston through which hydraulic oil flows is. When the automobile passes through a bumpy road section at a high speed in the driving process, the distance between the wheels and the automobile body is suddenly reduced, and people in the automobile feel that the automobile is damped to be hardened directly, so that a large bumpy feeling is caused, and passengers feel uncomfortable.

The reason why the automobile shock absorption is 'hardened' is that: when the distance between the wheel and the vehicle body is suddenly reduced, the piston is compressed at the highest speed, at the moment, the piston rod of the shock absorber can drive the piston to enter the piston cylinder at the highest speed, and hydraulic oil originally located in the oil cavity below the piston cannot flow into the oil cavity above the piston through the overflowing hole at the same speed, so that a first section of damping force is generated at the piston. In addition, when the piston rod of the shock absorber enters the piston cylinder, along with the gradual increase of the length of the piston rod entering the piston cylinder, the volume of an oil cavity occupied by the volume of the piston rod of the shock absorber is gradually increased, and at the moment, the rate of the hydraulic oil with the same volume as the piston rod of the shock absorber flowing into an external oil cavity through the bottom valve is far less than the rate of the piston rod of the shock absorber entering the piston cylinder, so that a second section of damping force is formed at the bottom valve at the bottom of the piston cylinder, and the occurrence of the automobile shock absorption hardening condition is caused due to the existence of the two sections.

In the prior art, the scheme of solving bottom valve department damping force is that the flow channel of opening hydraulic oil in the bottom valve is in order to increase the flow area of hydraulic oil at the bottom valve department to in order to avoid the automobile body "hold in the palm the end" condition, be provided with the throttle lever with the flow channel cup joints on the piston, when the car meets jolting of great degree, the throttle lever gets into and makes the flow channel's area reduce in the flow channel of bottom valve, and finally closes the flow channel. However, this solution has the drawbacks that: if the motion amplitude of the piston is too large, the throttling rod can penetrate through the bottom valve and downwards extend to the bottom of the piston cylinder, the hydraulic shock absorber is easily damaged, the shock absorber loses the shock absorption effect, and great potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: the automobile hydraulic shock absorber overcomes the defects of the prior art, the circulation channel is arranged in the base, the circulation area of hydraulic oil at the bottom valve is increased, the riding comfort is improved, and meanwhile, the shock absorber is prevented from being damaged.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: this air spring, including the pressure cylinder and at the air spring piston rod that sets up in pressure cylinder center department, its characterized in that: the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder is changed from one end to the other end in sequence.

Preferably, the pressure cylinder is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder is uniformly changed from one end to the other end.

Preferably, the outer wall of the pressure cylinder is in a multi-section step shape, and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder changes in a step shape from one end to the other end.

The utility model provides an automobile hydraulic shock absorber ware, includes the piston cylinder, and the inner chamber of piston cylinder is the first grease chamber of bumper shock absorber, still is provided with the second grease chamber with first grease chamber intercommunication, and the bumper shock absorber piston rod drives piston body reciprocating motion in the piston cylinder, is provided with the base of the first grease chamber of intercommunication and second grease chamber, its characterized in that in the bottom of piston cylinder: set up the circulation passageway that communicates first grease chamber and second grease chamber in the base, the air spring fix the bottom at the piston body, the air spring separates with the circulation passageway along with the removal of piston body, or cup joints and gradually with the circulation passageway shutoff.

Preferably, the pressure cylinder of the gas spring is fixed with the piston body, the piston rod of the gas spring extends downwards to the base, and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder is gradually increased from the joint of the pressure cylinder and the piston rod of the gas spring to the other end of the pressure cylinder.

Preferably, a gas spring piston rod of the gas spring is fixed with the piston body, the pressure cylinder extends downwards to the base, and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder is gradually reduced from the joint of the pressure cylinder and the gas spring piston rod to the other end of the pressure cylinder.

Preferably, a flow tube is provided in the base, the flow tube penetrating into the base.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the beneficial effect who has is:

1. in this car hydraulic shock absorber, the air spring that the circulation passageway cup jointed in the lower part setting of piston body and base has increased the flow area of hydraulic oil in bottom valve department, has effectively alleviated the damping force that appears in bottom valve department untimely because of the hydraulic oil circulation, when having improved riding comfort to utilize the cushioning effect of air spring, avoided the damage to the shock absorber under the air spring downward contact piston barrel bottom state.

2. In this car hydraulic shock absorber, provide a pressure cylinder external diameter air spring that changes in proper order to set up the circulation passageway in the base, and increase in proper order from bottom to top through the outer lane girth of air spring, consequently lie in the circulation passageway and cup joint the back, the flow area of circulation passageway reduces gradually, effectively avoids car "support end", has guaranteed that the car can not damage.

3. Through set up the overflow groove in the piston cylinder, alleviated the damping force that appears in the untimely circulation of hydraulic oil in piston body department simultaneously.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 1 of a hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the gas spring structure in embodiment 1.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a bottom valve of the hydraulic shock absorber of the automobile.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a bottom valve of a hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a base valve of a hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to embodiment 4.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the gas spring structure in accordance with embodiment 5.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic shock absorber of an automobile in accordance with embodiment 6.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of an automotive hydraulic shock absorber in accordance with embodiment 7.

Wherein: 1. the damper piston rod 2, the first oil chamber 3, the piston cylinder 4, the piston body 5, the gas spring 501, the pressure cylinder 502, the gas spring piston rod 6, the second oil chamber 7, the damper housing 8, the runner pipe 9, the base 10, the overflowing groove 11, the bottom valve housing 12, the housing constant through hole 13, the bottom valve base 14, the base constant through hole 15, the recovery channel 16, the compression channel 17, the compression valve plate 18, the valve core 19, the valve core spring 20, the recovery valve plate 21 and the valve core channel.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 to 5 are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention will be further explained with reference to fig. 1 to 9.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile comprises a shock absorber shell 7, a piston cylinder 3 is arranged in the shock absorber shell 7, a second oil chamber 6 of the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile is formed between the piston cylinder 3 and the shock absorber shell 7 at an interval, and an inner chamber of the piston cylinder 3 is a first oil chamber 2 of the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile.

A piston body 4 is arranged in the piston cylinder 3, one end of a damper piston rod 1 is fixed at the center of the piston body 4, the other end of the damper piston rod is upwards output from the upper port of the piston cylinder 3, and the damper piston rod 1 drives the piston body 4 to reciprocate in the piston cylinder 3. Still install base 9 in the bottom of piston cylinder 3, base 9 intercommunication first grease chamber 2 and second grease chamber 6, when piston body 4 was gone up or down, hydraulic oil was mended oil to first grease chamber 2 by second grease chamber 6, or was discharged into second grease chamber 6 by first grease chamber 2 through base 9.

Referring to fig. 2, a plurality of overflow grooves 10 are formed in the inner wall of the middle portion of the piston cylinder 3, and the overflow grooves 10 are formed in the inner wall of the piston cylinder 3 along the axial direction of the piston cylinder 3. When piston body 4 is reciprocating motion under the drive of bumper shock absorber piston rod 1, hydraulic oil realizes flowing through overflow groove 10, consequently can increase the flow area of hydraulic oil at piston body 4 both ends through setting up overflow groove 10, when the at utmost eliminates the piston extremely fast compression, because of piston body 4 department hydraulic oil circulation untimely damping force that forms in piston body 4 department.

The circulating pipe 8 is led out from the top of the base 9, and a circulating channel is formed in the base 9 through the circulating pipe 8, so that when the piston body 4 reciprocates under the driving of the shock absorber piston rod 1, hydraulic oil can directly pass through the circulating pipe 8 to and fro the first oil chamber 2 and the second oil chamber 6 except for circulating through the base 9, the circulating area of the hydraulic oil at the base 9 is increased through the circulating pipe 8, and when piston compression is eliminated to the maximum extent, damping force is formed at the base 9 due to untimely circulation of the base 9.

In the lower part of the piston body 4, a gas spring 5 is provided, which is butted against the flow pipe 8, as shown in fig. 3, and as in the prior art, the gas spring 5 in the present application comprises a pressure cylinder 501 and a gas spring piston rod 502, and the gas spring piston rod 502 is installed at the center of the pressure cylinder 501 and can continuously move in and out of the pressure cylinder 501 according to the pressure.

In this embodiment the pressure cylinder 501 of the gas spring 5 is fixed coaxially with the piston body 4, and its gas spring piston rod 502 extends down along the axis of the piston cylinder 3 to the upper port of the flow-through pipe 8. The pressure cylinder 501 is in the shape of a circular truncated cone, and the outer diameter thereof is uniformly reduced from the fixed end of the piston body 4 to the other end thereof.

When the gas spring 5 moves to the circulating pipe 8 along with the piston body 4, the gas spring piston rod 502 firstly enters the circulating pipe 8, the lower end of the pressure cylinder 501 starts to enter the circulating pipe 8 along with the continuous movement of the piston body 4 to the circulating pipe 8, and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder 501 is sequentially increased from bottom to top, so that the circulating area between the pressure cylinder 501 and the circulating pipe 8 is gradually reduced along with the gradual deep penetration of the pressure cylinder 501 into the circulating pipe 8, and finally the circulating pipe 8 is blocked. While the pressure cylinder 501 gradually advances into the flow pipe 8, if the gas spring piston rod 502 comes into contact with the bottom of the shock absorber casing 7, it gradually retracts into the interior of the pressure cylinder 501, and when the pressure cylinder 501 is separated from the flow pipe 8, the gas spring piston rod 502 gradually extends out from the interior of the pressure cylinder 501.

And further, the butt joint position of the gas spring 5 and the runner pipe 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the lengths of the runner pipe 8 and the pressure cylinder 501, so that the adjustment of the damping force value switching position of the piston (shock absorber) is realized.

As shown in fig. 4 to 5, in the present embodiment, the base 9 adopts a base valve structure, the base valve includes a base valve base 13, a base valve housing 11 covers the base valve base 13, an annular boss is disposed at the lower portion of the base valve housing 11, and the bottom periphery of the piston cylinder 3 is clamped outside the annular boss to realize the butt joint of the base valve and the piston cylinder 3.

A plurality of shell constant through holes 12 are formed in the upper periphery of the bottom valve shell 11, and a plurality of base constant through holes 14 are also formed in the bottom of the bottom valve base 13. The base valve is mounted at the bottom of the piston cylinder 3 and the housing through-hole 12 is located in the first oil chamber 2 and the base through-hole 14 is located in the second oil chamber 6. The first oil chamber 2 and the second oil chamber 6 are connected by a bottom valve.

The top of the bottom valve base 13 is provided with a boss, the bottom valve shell 11 is installed at the boss on the top of the bottom valve base 13, and the bottom valve shell 11 is installed at the top of the bottom valve base 13 and forms an inner cavity of the bottom valve with the bottom valve base 13 at intervals. The bottom center of the bottom valve base 13 is provided with a base inner cavity from bottom to top, and a valve core 18 is arranged in the bottom valve inner cavity. A valve core channel 21 penetrating through the valve core 18 is arranged at the axis of the valve core 18, and the circulation pipe 8 penetrates through the top surface of the bottom valve shell 11, penetrates through the valve core channel 21 and then extends to the bottom of the bottom valve base 13, so that the second oil chamber 6 is communicated with the first oil chamber 2.

A compression channel 16 is arranged on the outer ring of the valve core 18, a recovery channel 15 is arranged on the outer side of the compression channel 16, and a recovery valve plate 20 and a compression valve plate 17 are sleeved on the outer ring of the valve core 18.

A spool spring 19 is mounted between the return valve plate 20 and the upper end of the spool 18, and the return valve plate 20 is brought into contact with the upper port of the return passage 15 by the driving of the spool spring 19. When the piston rod 1 of the shock absorber drives the piston body 4 to move (compress) downwards, hydraulic oil presses the compression valve plate 17 downwards to form a gap with the compression channel 16, and the hydraulic oil flows into the second oil chamber 6 from the first oil chamber 2. When the piston rod 1 of the shock absorber drives the piston body 4 to move upwards (restore), hydraulic oil upwards presses the restoring valve plate 20 and the restoring channel 15 to form a gap, and the hydraulic oil is supplemented into the first oil chamber 2 from the second oil chamber 6.

The specific working process and working principle are as follows:

in the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile, a shock absorber piston rod 1 and a shock absorber shell 7 are respectively arranged at a vehicle body and a wheel assembly of the automobile, when the automobile vibrates, the vehicle body and the wheel assembly move relatively, and correspondingly, a piston body 4 is made to reciprocate in a first oil chamber 2. In a normal state of the automobile, the piston body 4 reciprocates within a range in which the overflow groove 10 is opened in the piston cylinder 3. When the piston compression, 1 drive piston body 4 of bumper shock absorber piston rod stretches into in the piston cylinder 3, and the hydraulic oil that is located 4 lower parts of piston body this moment circulates through the circulation passageway of overflow groove 10 or/and piston body 4 itself, owing to set up overflow groove 10, has consequently increased the flow area of hydraulic oil at 4 both ends of piston body, when the piston compression was eliminated to the at utmost, because of piston body 4 department hydraulic oil circulation untimely damping force of formation in 4 departments of piston body.

When the piston is compressed, the hydraulic oil in the oil cavity at the lower part of the piston body 4 flows into the second oil chamber 6 through the circulating pipe 8 and the bottom valve, and the damping force formed at the bottom valve due to untimely circulation of the hydraulic oil at the bottom valve during the extreme-speed compression of the piston is eliminated to the maximum extent.

Therefore, in the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile, in the running process of the automobile, the flow area of hydraulic oil is increased at the piston body 4 and the bottom valve, so that the damping force caused by untimely flow of the hydraulic oil at the piston body 4 and the bottom valve is eliminated to the maximum extent, the phenomenon that the automobile body is hardened is avoided, and the riding comfort is greatly improved.

When the automobile passes through an extremely high obstacle due to a special condition, the piston body 4 moves to the lower part of the piston cylinder 3, at the moment, hydraulic oil cannot flow from a place with a large flow area of the flow groove 10, and meanwhile, the air spring 5 moves to the flow pipe 8 along with the piston body 4.

The gas spring piston rod 502 firstly enters the circulating pipe 8, the lower end of the pressure cylinder 501 begins to enter the circulating pipe 8 along with the continuous movement of the piston body 4 to the circulating pipe 8, and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder 501 is sequentially increased from bottom to top, so that the circulating area between the pressure cylinder 501 and the circulating pipe 8 is gradually reduced along with the gradual deep penetration of the pressure cylinder 501 into the circulating pipe 8, and finally the circulating pipe 8 is blocked. Therefore, hydraulic oil can not circulate through the circulating pipe 8, the bottom support of the automobile is effectively avoided, and the automobile is guaranteed not to be damaged.

Example 2:

this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: in this embodiment, a plurality of grooves are formed in the outer wall of the gas spring 5, at least one groove is formed in the axial direction of the gas spring 5, and the depth of the groove is reduced from bottom to top.

Example 3:

this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: in this embodiment, the base 9 does not adopt a bottom valve structure, but adopts a solid seat body, and the gas spring 5 is fixed at the bottom of the shock absorber housing 7 after passing through the middle of the seat body.

Example 4:

this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the spool 18 is omitted and the flow pipe 8 passes through the center of the base valve.

Example 5:

this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: as shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the outer wall of the pressure cylinder 501 is multi-step-shaped, and the diameter of each step is reduced stepwise from top to bottom.

Example 6:

this example differs from example 1 in that: as shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the second oil chamber 6 is not sleeved outside the first oil chamber 2, but is positioned on one side of the first oil chamber 2, and the first oil chamber 2 and the second oil chamber 6 are communicated through a channel formed by a housing.

Example 7:

this example differs from example 1 in that: as shown in fig. 9, in the present embodiment, the gas spring piston rod 502 of the gas spring 5 is fixed to the piston body 4, the pressure cylinder 501 extends below the gas spring piston rod 502 to the upper port of the flow pipe 8, and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder 501 increases from bottom to top.

Example 8:

this example differs from example 1 in that: in this embodiment, the flow pipe 8 is eliminated and the gas spring 5 passes directly through the spool passage 21 in the middle of the spool 18.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automobile hydraulic shock absorber, includes piston cylinder (3), the inner chamber of piston cylinder (3) is first grease chamber (2) of bumper shock absorber, still is provided with second grease chamber (6) with first grease chamber (2) intercommunication, and bumper shock absorber piston rod (1) drives piston body (4) reciprocating motion in piston cylinder (3), is provided with base (9) of first grease chamber (2) of intercommunication and second grease chamber (6) in the bottom of piston cylinder (3), its characterized in that: a circulation channel for communicating the first oil chamber (2) with the second oil chamber (6) is formed in the base (9), the air spring is fixed at the bottom of the piston body (4), and the air spring is separated from the circulation channel along with the movement of the piston body (4) or sleeved with the circulation channel and gradually blocks the circulation channel;

the gas spring comprises a pressure cylinder (501) and a gas spring piston rod (502) arranged in the center of the pressure cylinder (501), and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder (501) is sequentially changed from one end to the other end.

2. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure cylinder (501) is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder is uniformly changed from one end to the other end.

3. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the pressure cylinder (501) is in a multi-section step shape, and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder (501) changes in a step shape from one end to the other end.

4. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure cylinder (501) of the gas spring is fixed with the piston body (4), the piston rod (502) of the gas spring extends downwards to the base (9), and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder (501) is gradually increased from the joint of the pressure cylinder and the piston rod (502) of the gas spring to the other end of the pressure cylinder.

5. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: a gas spring piston rod (502) of the gas spring is fixed with the piston body (4), the pressure cylinder (501) extends downwards to the base (9), and the outer diameter of the pressure cylinder (501) is gradually reduced from the joint of the pressure cylinder and the gas spring piston rod (502) to the other end of the pressure cylinder.

6. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: a circulating pipe (8) is arranged in the base (9), and the circulating pipe (8) penetrates into the base (9).