CN211082663U - Hydraulic shock absorber for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

A hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile belongs to the technical field of automobile shock absorbers. Including first grease chamber (2) and second grease chamber (6), piston rod (1) drives piston body (4) reciprocating motion in piston cylinder (3), is provided with base (8), its characterized in that in the bottom of piston cylinder (3): be provided with telescopic link (5) in piston cylinder (3), the bottom surface at piston body (4) is fixed to the one end of telescopic link (5), and the other end passes base (8) downwards, and the interval forms the circulation clearance between telescopic link (5) and base (8), and telescopic link (5) will circulate the clearance shutoff when piston body (4) remove to base (8) department. In this car hydraulic shock absorber, through set up the telescopic link in the piston cylinder, the telescopic link forms the circulation clearance with the base, has increased the flow area of hydraulic oil in base department, has effectively alleviated the damping force that appears in the base department untimely because of the hydraulic oil circulation, has improved the travelling comfort by bus.

Description

Hydraulic shock absorber for automobile

Technical Field

A hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile belongs to the technical field of automobile shock absorbers.

Background

Hydraulic damping is a common damping mode in the field of automobiles. The automobile shock absorber is generally provided with a shock absorber piston, a piston rod of the shock absorber piston and a shock absorber shell are respectively arranged on an automobile body and a wheel assembly, when the automobile vibrates up and down in the running process, the piston reciprocates in a piston cylinder, when the piston is in a compression state, the piston rod drives the piston to enter the piston cylinder, the piston compresses the volume of an oil cavity at the lower part of the piston, part of oil in the oil cavity at the lower part of the piston reversely flows to the oil cavity above the piston through the surface of the piston or/and a channel of a flow passing groove, and the other part of oil flows to an external oil cavity consisting of the piston cylinder and the shock absorber shell through a channel in a bottom valve arranged at the bottom of the piston cylinder. When the piston is restored, the piston rod pulls the piston to move towards the opening of the piston cylinder, at the moment, the piston compresses the volume of an upper oil cavity of the piston, part of oil in the upper oil cavity of the piston reversely flows to an oil cavity below the piston through a normally open hole on the surface of the piston, the volume of the lower oil cavity of the piston is increased due to the fact that the piston is far away from the bottom valve, oil pressure in the oil cavity is reduced, the bottom valve is opened by the oil pressure of the external oil cavity, and the oil in the external oil cavity is quickly supplemented into the piston cylinder through a channel of the bottom valve and an oil way after the. Thereby playing a role of shock absorption.

In the prior art, the moving amplitude of a piston rod in an automobile shock absorber is directly proportional to the vibration amplitude degree of an automobile, namely the larger the vibration amplitude of the automobile is, the faster the reciprocating speed of the piston is, and the faster the speed of the piston through which hydraulic oil flows is. When the automobile passes through a bumpy road section at a high speed in the driving process, the distance between the wheels and the automobile body is suddenly reduced, and people in the automobile feel that the automobile is damped to be hardened directly, so that a large bumpy feeling is caused, and passengers feel uncomfortable.

In the above case, the reason why the automobile shock absorber "hardens" is that: when the distance between the wheel and the vehicle body is suddenly reduced, the piston is compressed at the highest speed, the piston rod can drive the piston to enter the piston cylinder at the highest speed, and oil originally located in the oil cavity below the piston cannot flow into the oil cavity above the piston through the overflowing hole in the piston at the same speed, so that the first section of damping force is generated at the piston. In addition, when the piston rod enters the piston cylinder, along with the gradual increase of the length of the piston rod entering the piston cylinder, the volume of an oil cavity occupied by the volume of the piston rod is gradually increased, and at the moment, the rate of oil liquid with the same volume as the piston rod flowing into an external oil cavity through a bottom valve channel is far less than the rate of the piston rod entering the piston cylinder, so that a second section of damping force is formed at the bottom valve at the bottom of the piston cylinder, and the occurrence of the automobile shock absorption hardening condition is caused due to the existence of the two sections of damping forces. In the prior art, the effect of controlling the flow of the hydraulic oil when the pressure changes greatly in a short time can be realized through an electric control system, but the electric control system is expensive and the control process is complex. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to design an automobile hydraulic shock absorber that effectively relieves the "damping force" at the piston and the base when the piston is compressed at the highest speed.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: overcome prior art's not enough, provide one kind through set up the telescopic link in the piston cylinder, telescopic link and base form the circulation clearance, have increased the flow area of hydraulic oil in base department, have effectively alleviated the damping force that appears in the base department untimely because of the hydraulic oil circulation, have improved the car hydraulic shock absorber of the travelling comfort of riding.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: this automobile hydraulic shock absorber ware, including the piston cylinder, the inner chamber of piston cylinder is the first grease chamber of bumper shock absorber, still is provided with the second grease chamber with first grease chamber intercommunication, and the piston rod drives piston body reciprocating motion in the piston cylinder, is provided with base, its characterized in that in the intercommunication department of first grease chamber and second grease chamber: be provided with the telescopic link in the piston cylinder, the bottom surface at the piston body is fixed to the one end of telescopic link, and the other end passes the base after-fixing downwards, and the interval forms the circulation clearance that communicates first grease chamber and second grease chamber between telescopic link and the base, and the telescopic link cup joints with the base when removing to base department under the drive of piston body to the clearance shutoff will circulate.

Preferably, the telescopic rod is axially arranged along the piston cylinder, the telescopic rod is formed by sequentially increasing the diameter of a plurality of sections of inner sleeves and outer sleeves, the maximum diameter end of the telescopic rod is fixed with the piston body, and the minimum diameter part of the telescopic rod penetrates through the base and then is fixed.

Preferably, the inner wall of the piston cylinder is uniformly provided with overflow grooves along the axial direction of the piston cylinder.

Preferably, the base is a base valve, the base valve comprises a base valve seat and a base valve shell covering the upper part of the base valve seat, and the base valve shell and the base valve seat are respectively positioned in the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber.

Preferably, a damper housing is fitted to an outer portion of the piston cylinder, and the second oil chamber is formed between the damper housing and the piston cylinder.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the beneficial effect who has is:

1. in this car hydraulic shock absorber, through set up the telescopic link in the piston cylinder, the telescopic link forms the circulation clearance with the base, has increased the flow area of hydraulic oil in base department, has effectively alleviated the damping force that appears in the base department untimely because of the hydraulic oil circulation, has improved the travelling comfort by bus.

2. Through setting up the telescopic link, when the car passes through the extremely high barrier of height, the telescopic link of different diameters and the cooperation of case passageway produce the damping force of different power values. Until the maximum diameter of the telescopic rod and the valve core channel are matched to generate the maximum compression damping force value, the automobile is effectively prevented from supporting the bottom, and the automobile is guaranteed not to be damaged.

3. Through opening the circulation groove in the piston cylinder, the damping force that appears in the piston body department because of the hydraulic oil circulation is untimely has been alleviated simultaneously.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic shock absorber of an automobile.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a bottom valve of the hydraulic shock absorber of the automobile.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a bottom valve of a hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile.

Wherein: 1. the piston rod 2, the first oil chamber 3, the piston cylinder 4, the piston body 5, the telescopic rod 6, the second oil chamber 7, the shock absorber shell 8, the base 9, the overflowing groove 10, the bottom valve shell 11, the shell constant through hole 12, the bottom valve seat 13, the base constant through hole 14, the recovery channel 15, the compression channel 16, the compression valve plate 17, the valve core 18, the valve body spring 19, the valve core channel 20 and the recovery valve plate.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 to 4 are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention will be further explained with reference to fig. 1 to 4.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile comprises a shock absorber shell 7, a piston cylinder 3 is arranged in the shock absorber shell 7, a first oil chamber 2 of the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile is formed in the piston cylinder 3, and a second oil chamber 6 of the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile is formed between the piston cylinder 3 and the shock absorber shell 7 at an interval.

A piston body 4 is arranged in the piston cylinder 3, one end of a piston rod 1 is fixed at the center of the piston body 4, the other end of the piston rod is upwards output from the upper port of the piston cylinder 3, and the piston rod 1 drives the piston body 4 to reciprocate in the piston cylinder 3. Still install base 8 in the bottom of piston cylinder 3, base 8 intercommunication first grease chamber 2 and second grease chamber 6, when piston body 4 was gone up or down, fluid can be simultaneously through base 8 by the second grease chamber 6 of discharging into of first grease chamber 2, or by second grease chamber 6 to supplementing oil in the first grease chamber 2.

Referring to fig. 2, an overflow groove 9 is formed in the inner wall of the middle portion of the piston cylinder 3, and the overflow groove 9 is formed in the inner wall of the piston cylinder 3 along the axial direction of the piston cylinder 3. When piston body 4 is reciprocating motion under the drive of piston rod 1, fluid still circulates through overflow groove 9 simultaneously except the through-flow hole circulation on piston body 4 surface, consequently can increase the flow area of fluid at piston body 4 both ends through setting up overflow groove 9, when the at utmost eliminates the piston extremely fast compression, because of piston body 4 department fluid circulation untimely damping force that forms in piston body 4 department.

The piston cylinder 3 is also internally provided with a telescopic rod 5 arranged along the axial direction of the piston cylinder, the telescopic rod 5 has the same structure as that of the telescopic rod in the prior art and is formed by sleeving a plurality of sections with sequentially increased diameters,

when placed in the piston cylinder 3, the telescopic rod 5 is thick at the top and thin at the bottom, the upper end of the telescopic rod is coaxially fixed at the bottom of the piston body 4, and the lower end of the telescopic rod 5 penetrates through the base 8 downwards and then is fixed at the bottom surface of the shock absorber shell 7. Therefore, when the piston body 4 reciprocates under the drive of the piston rod 1, the oil can directly go to and fro between the first oil chamber 2 and the second oil chamber 6 through the gap between the telescopic rod 5 and the base 8 except the circulation of the base 8, so that the circulation area of the oil at the base 8 is increased through the gap between the telescopic rod 5 and the base 8, and the damping force formed at the base 8 due to the untimely circulation of the oil at the position of the piston body 4 during the extremely-speed compression of the piston is eliminated to the maximum extent.

As shown in fig. 3 to 4, in the present embodiment, the base 8 is a bottom valve, the bottom valve includes a bottom valve seat 12, a bottom valve housing 10 covers the bottom valve seat 12, an annular boss is disposed at a lower portion of the bottom valve housing 10, and a bottom periphery of the piston cylinder 3 is clamped outside the annular boss to realize butt joint of the bottom valve and the piston cylinder 3.

A casing constant through hole 11 is arranged on the periphery of the upper part of the bottom valve casing 10, and a base constant through hole 13 is also arranged at the bottom of the bottom valve seat 12. The housing through-hole 11 is located in the first oil chamber 2 and the base through-hole 13 is located in the second oil chamber after the foot valve is mounted at the bottom of the piston cylinder 3. A normally open flow channel for hydraulic oil is provided in the base valve, and oil can flow between the first oil chamber 2 and the second oil chamber 6 through the base valve housing 10, the normally open channel and the housing normally open hole 11.

The top of the base valve seat 12 is provided with a boss, the base valve shell 10 is installed at the boss on the top of the base valve seat 12, and the base valve shell 10 and the base valve seat 12 form an inner cavity of the base valve at an interval. The center of the bottom of the base valve seat 12 is provided with a valve core 17. A valve core channel 19 penetrating through the valve core 17 is arranged at the axis of the valve core 17, and the lower end of the telescopic rod 5 sequentially penetrates through the bottom valve shell 10 and the valve core channel 19 and then extends out of the bottom valve. The diameter of the valve core channel 19 is sleeved with the outermost ring (the thickest end) of the telescopic rod 5, so that when the telescopic rod 5 is not completely compressed, a gap between the telescopic rod 5 and the bottom valve is formed between the outer ring of the telescopic rod 5 and the valve core channel 19.

The outer ring of the valve core 17 is provided with a compression channel 15, the outer side of the compression channel 15 is also provided with a rebound channel 14, the outer ring of the valve core 17 is sleeved with a rebound valve sheet 20 and a plurality of compression valve sheets 16, the rebound valve sheet 20 is positioned at the upper part of the base valve seat 12, the compression valve sheet 16 is positioned at the lower part of the base valve seat 12, and the compression valve sheet 16 is attached to the lower port of the compression channel 15.

A valve body spring 18 is mounted between the return valve plate 20 and the upper end of the valve body 17, and the return valve plate 20 is attached to the upper end port of the return passage 14 by the driving of the valve body spring 18. When the piston rod 1 drives the piston body 4 to move (compress) downwards, oil presses the compression valve plate 16 downwards to form a gap with the compression channel 15, and the oil flows into the second oil chamber 6 from the first oil chamber 2. When the piston rod 1 drives the piston body 4 to move upwards (recover), oil upwards presses the recovery valve plate 20 and the recovery channel 14 to form a gap, and the oil is supplemented into the first oil chamber 2 from the second oil chamber 6.

The specific working process and working principle are as follows:

in the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile, a piston rod 1 and a shock absorber shell 7 are respectively arranged on a vehicle body and a wheel assembly of the automobile, when the automobile vibrates, the vehicle body and the wheel assembly move relatively, and correspondingly, a piston body 4 is made to reciprocate in a first oil chamber 2. Under normal conditions of the automobile, the piston body 4 reciprocates within a range in which the overflow groove 9 is opened in the piston cylinder 3. When the piston compression, piston rod 1 drives piston body 4 and stretches into in the piston cylinder 3, and the hydraulic oil that lies in 4 lower parts of piston body this moment circulates through the normal through-hole of overflow groove 9 and piston body 4 itself, owing to set up overflow groove 9, has consequently increased the flow area of fluid at 4 both ends of piston body, when having eliminated the compression of piston utmost, because of the untimely damping force that forms in 4 departments of piston body of the circulation of fluid of 4 departments of piston body.

When the piston is compressed, oil in the oil cavity at the lower part of the piston body 4 flows into the second oil chamber 6 through a gap between the telescopic rod 5 and the valve core channel 19, and damping force formed at the base 8 due to untimely oil circulation at the base 8 when the piston is compressed at the maximum is eliminated to the greatest extent.

Therefore, in the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile, in the driving process of the automobile, even when the automobile passes through a bumpy road section, the flow area of hydraulic oil is increased at the piston body 4 and the base 8, so that the damping force caused by untimely flow of the hydraulic oil at the piston body 4 and the base 8 is eliminated to the maximum extent, the phenomenon that the automobile body is hardened is avoided, and the riding comfort is greatly improved. When the piston is restored, the piston rod 1 drives the piston body 4 to move upwards, upward pumping force can be formed on the base 8, oil upwards presses the restoring valve plate 20 and a gap is generated between the restoring channel 14, and the oil is supplemented into the first oil chamber 2 from the second oil chamber 6.

However, when the automobile passes through a high-height obstacle due to special conditions, the piston body 4 is close to the bottom of the piston cylinder, hydraulic oil can not flow through the flow groove 9 at the moment, the uppermost end of the telescopic rod 5 moves to the base 8 along with the piston body 4, the upper end with the largest diameter of the telescopic rod 5 is plugged with the valve core channel 19 after being sleeved with the valve core channel 19, therefore, hydraulic oil can not flow through the gap between the telescopic rod 5 and the valve core channel 19, the automobile 'bottom support' is effectively avoided, and the automobile is guaranteed not to be damaged.

Example 2:

this example differs from example 1 in that: in this embodiment, the base 8 does not adopt a bottom valve structure, but adopts a solid seat body, and the telescopic rod 5 is fixed at the bottom of the shock absorber casing 7 after passing through the middle of the seat body.

Example 3:

this example differs from example 1 in that: in this embodiment, a sleeve is provided, which passes through the valve core channel 19 at the center of the base valve, and the telescopic rod 5 passes through the center of the sleeve.

Example 4:

this example differs from example 1 in that: in this embodiment, the second oil chamber 6 is not sleeved outside the first oil chamber 2, but is located on one side of the first oil chamber 2, and the first oil chamber 2 and the second oil chamber 6 are communicated through a channel formed by a pipeline or a housing.

Example 5:

this example differs from example 1 in that: in the embodiment, a compression valve is not adopted in the bottom valve, but only a recovery valve system is installed, and the telescopic rod 5 passes through the middle part of the seat body and is fixed at the bottom of the shock absorber shell 7.

Example 6:

this example differs from example 1 in that: in this embodiment, a bottom spring is disposed at the bottom center of the shock absorber housing 7, the bottom spring is sleeved on the outer ring of the telescopic rod 5, and the upper end of the bottom spring contacts with the bottom surface of the valve core 17, and the valve core 17 is lifted up by a distance by the elastic force of the bottom spring, and the valve core 17 drives the reset valve plate 19 to generate a distance with the upper end of the reset channel 14 after being lifted up, so as to form a normally open channel, thereby indirectly increasing the flow area of the oil liquid at the base 8 by disposing the bottom spring.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides an automobile hydraulic shock absorber, includes piston cylinder (3), and the inner chamber of piston cylinder (3) is first grease chamber (2) of bumper shock absorber, still is provided with second grease chamber (6) with first grease chamber (2) intercommunication, and piston rod (1) drive piston body (4) reciprocating motion in piston cylinder (3), is provided with base (8), its characterized in that in the intercommunication department of first grease chamber (2) and second grease chamber (6): be provided with telescopic link (5) in piston cylinder (3), the bottom surface at piston body (4) is fixed to the one end of telescopic link (5), the other end passes base (8) after-fixing downwards, the interval forms the circulation clearance of the first grease chamber of intercommunication (2) and second grease chamber (6) between telescopic link (5) and base (8), telescopic link (5) cup joint with base (8) when removing to base (8) department under the drive of piston body (4), and will circulate clearance shutoff.

2. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the telescopic rod (5) is axially placed along the piston cylinder (3), the telescopic rod (5) is formed by sequentially increasing the diameter of a plurality of sections of inner sleeves and outer sleeves, the maximum diameter end of the telescopic rod is fixed with the piston body (4), and the minimum diameter position of the telescopic rod penetrates through the base (8) and then is fixed.

3. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: and overflow grooves (9) are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the piston cylinder (3) along the axial direction of the piston cylinder (3).

4. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 2, wherein: the base (8) be the bottom valve, the bottom valve includes bottom valve seat (12) and covers bottom valve shell (10) of establishing on bottom valve seat (12) upper portion, bottom valve shell (10) and bottom valve seat (12) are located respectively first grease chamber (2) and second grease chamber (6) in.

5. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: a shock absorber shell (7) is sleeved outside the piston cylinder (3), and a second oil chamber (6) is formed between the shock absorber shell (7) and the piston cylinder (3).

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