CN211082667U

CN211082667U - Hydraulic shock absorber for automobile

Info

Publication number: CN211082667U
Application number: CN201922091001.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭怀宝; 陈群燕; 王卫海; 韩道刚
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-11-28
Filing date: 2019-11-28
Publication date: 2020-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-28

Abstract

A hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile belongs to the technical field of automobile shock absorbers. Including first grease chamber (2) and second grease chamber (6), piston rod (1) drives piston body (4) reciprocating motion in piston cylinder (3), is provided with base (8), its characterized in that in the bottom of piston cylinder (3): a telescopic rod (5) is arranged in the piston cylinder (3), an inner cavity of the telescopic rod (5) forms a circulation channel, a circulation groove communicated with the inner cavity of the telescopic rod (5) is formed in the telescopic rod (5), and the circulation area of the circulation groove changes along with the change of the length of the telescopic rod (5). In this car hydraulic shock absorber, through set up the telescopic link in the piston cylinder, the inner chamber that utilizes the telescopic link forms the circulation passageway, has increased the flow area of hydraulic oil in base department, has effectively alleviated the damping force that appears in the base department untimely because of the hydraulic oil circulation, has improved the travelling comfort of taking a bus.

Description

Hydraulic shock absorber for automobile

Technical Field

A hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile belongs to the technical field of automobile shock absorbers.

Background

Hydraulic damping is a common damping mode in the field of automobiles. The automobile shock absorber is generally provided with a shock absorber piston, a piston rod of the shock absorber piston and a shock absorber shell are respectively arranged on an automobile body and a wheel assembly, when the automobile vibrates up and down in the running process, the piston reciprocates in a piston cylinder, when the piston is in a compression state, the piston rod drives the piston to enter the piston cylinder, the piston compresses the volume of an oil cavity at the lower part of the piston, part of oil in the oil cavity at the lower part of the piston reversely flows to the oil cavity above the piston through the surface of the piston or/and a channel of a flow passing groove, and the other part of oil flows to an external oil cavity consisting of the piston cylinder and the shock absorber shell through a channel in a bottom valve arranged at the bottom of the piston cylinder. When the piston is restored, the piston rod pulls the piston to move towards the opening of the piston cylinder, at the moment, the piston compresses the volume of the upper oil cavity of the piston, part of oil in the upper oil cavity of the piston reversely flows to the oil cavity below the piston through the surface of the piston or/and the channel of the overflowing groove, the volume of the lower oil cavity of the piston is increased due to the fact that the piston is far away from the bottom valve, oil pressure in the lower oil cavity of the piston is reduced, the oil pressure of the external oil cavity enables the bottom valve to be opened, and the oil in the external oil cavity is quickly supplemented into the piston cylinder through the channel of the bottom valve. Thereby playing a role of shock absorption.

In the prior art, the moving amplitude of a piston rod in an automobile shock absorber is directly proportional to the vibration amplitude degree of an automobile, namely the larger the vibration amplitude of the automobile is, the faster the reciprocating speed of the piston is, and the faster the speed of the piston through which hydraulic oil flows is. When the automobile passes through a bumpy road surface at a high speed in the driving process, the distance between the wheels and the automobile body is suddenly reduced, and people in the automobile feel that the automobile is damped to be 'hardened', so that a large bumpy feeling is caused, and passengers feel uncomfortable.

In the above case, the reason why the automobile shock absorber "hardens" is that: when the distance between the wheel and the vehicle body is suddenly reduced, the piston is compressed at the highest speed, the piston rod can drive the piston to enter the piston cylinder at the highest speed, and oil originally located in the oil cavity below the piston cannot flow into the oil cavity above the piston through the overflowing hole in the piston at the same speed, so that the first section of damping force is generated at the piston. In addition, when the piston rod enters the piston cylinder, along with the gradual increase of the length of the piston rod entering the piston cylinder, the volume of an oil cavity occupied by the volume of the piston rod is gradually increased, and at the moment, the rate of oil liquid with the same volume as the piston rod flowing into an external oil chamber through a bottom valve normally-open channel is far less than the rate of the piston rod entering the piston cylinder, so that a second section of damping force is formed at the bottom valve at the bottom of the piston cylinder, and the occurrence of the automobile shock absorption hardening condition is caused due to the existence of the two sections of damping forces. In the prior art, the effect of controlling the flow of the hydraulic oil when the pressure changes greatly in a short time can be realized through an electric control system, but the electric control system is expensive and the control process is complex. Therefore, the design of the automobile hydraulic shock absorber which effectively relieves the damping force at the piston and the bottom valve during the extreme-speed compression of the piston becomes a problem to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: overcome prior art's not enough, provide one kind through set up the telescopic link in the piston cylinder, utilize the inner chamber of telescopic link to form the circulation passageway, increased the flow area of hydraulic oil in base department, effectively alleviated the damping force that appears in the base department untimely because of the hydraulic oil circulation, improved the car hydraulic shock absorber of travelling comfort.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: this automobile hydraulic shock absorber ware, including the piston cylinder, the inner chamber of piston cylinder is the first grease chamber of bumper shock absorber, still is provided with the second grease chamber with first grease chamber intercommunication, and the piston rod drives piston body reciprocating motion in the piston cylinder, is provided with base, its characterized in that in the intercommunication department of first grease chamber and second grease chamber: a telescopic rod is arranged in the piston cylinder, one end of the telescopic rod is fixed on the bottom surface of the piston body, the other end of the telescopic rod penetrates through the base downwards and then is fixed, and an inner cavity of the telescopic rod forms a circulation channel communicated with the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber; the telescopic rod is provided with a circulation groove communicated with the inner cavity of the telescopic rod, and when the telescopic rod is compressed or elongated under the driving of the piston body, the circulation area of the circulation groove arranged on the surface of the telescopic rod is reduced or increased.

Preferably, the telescopic rod is axially arranged along the piston cylinder, the telescopic rod is formed by sleeving a plurality of telescopic sections with sequentially increased diameters, and the circulation groove is axially arranged on each telescopic section along the telescopic rod.

Preferably, in the telescopic rod, the opening positions of the circulation grooves on any two adjacent telescopic sections are staggered inside and outside.

Preferably, the inner wall of the piston cylinder is provided with an overflow groove along the axial direction of the piston cylinder.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the beneficial effect who has is:

1. in this car hydraulic shock absorber, through set up the telescopic link in the piston cylinder, the inner chamber that utilizes the telescopic link forms the circulation passageway, has increased the flow area of hydraulic oil in base department, has effectively alleviated the damping force that appears in the base department untimely because of the hydraulic oil circulation, has improved the travelling comfort of taking a bus.

2. Through setting up the telescopic link, when the car passes through the extremely high barrier of height, the telescopic link opening of different diameters is mutually supported and is produced the damping force of different power values. Until the minimum diameter telescopic link overlaps with the maximum diameter telescopic link to produce the biggest compression damping power value, effectively avoid the car "hold in the palm the end", guaranteed that the car can not damage.

3. Through opening the circulation groove in the piston cylinder, the damping force that appears in the piston body department because of the hydraulic oil circulation is untimely has been alleviated simultaneously.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic shock absorber of an automobile.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a bottom valve of the hydraulic shock absorber of the automobile.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a bottom valve of a hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile in the embodiment 2.

Wherein: 1. the piston rod 2, the first oil chamber 3, the piston cylinder 4, the piston body 5, the telescopic rod 6, the second oil chamber 7, the shock absorber shell 8, the base 9, the overflowing groove 10, the base shell 11, the shell constant through hole 12, the bottom valve base 13, the base constant through hole 14, the recovery channel 15, the compression channel 16, the compression valve plate 17, the valve core 18, the valve body spring 19 and the recovery valve plate.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 to 4 are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention will be further explained with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile comprises a shock absorber shell 7, a piston cylinder 3 is arranged in the shock absorber shell 7, a first oil chamber 2 of the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile is formed in the piston cylinder 3, and a second oil chamber 6 of the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile is formed between the piston cylinder 3 and the shock absorber shell 7 at an interval.

A piston body 4 is arranged in the piston cylinder 3, one end of a piston rod 1 is fixed at the center of the piston body 4, the other end of the piston rod is upwards output from the upper port of the piston cylinder 3, and the piston rod 1 drives the piston body 4 to reciprocate in the piston cylinder 3. Still install base 8 in the bottom of piston cylinder 3, base 8 intercommunication first grease chamber 2 and second grease chamber 6, when piston body 4 was gone up or down, fluid can be simultaneously through base 8 by the second grease chamber 6 of discharging into of first grease chamber 2, or by second grease chamber 6 to supplementing oil in the first grease chamber 2.

Referring to fig. 2, a plurality of overflow grooves 9 are formed in the inner wall of the middle portion of the piston cylinder 3, and the overflow grooves 9 are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the piston cylinder 3 along the axial direction of the piston cylinder 3. When piston body 4 is reciprocating motion under the drive of piston rod 1, fluid still circulates through overflow groove 9 simultaneously except the through-flow hole circulation on piston body 4 surface, consequently can increase the flow area of fluid at piston body 4 both ends through setting up overflow groove 9, when the at utmost eliminates the piston extremely fast compression, because of piston body 4 department fluid circulation untimely damping force that forms in piston body 4 department.

The piston cylinder 3 is also internally provided with a telescopic rod 5 which is arranged along the axial direction of the piston cylinder, the telescopic rod 5 has the same structure as the telescopic rod in the prior art and is formed by sleeving a plurality of telescopic sections with sequentially increased diameters inside and outside, in the embodiment, the telescopic rod 5 is thin at the top and thick at the bottom when placed in the piston cylinder 3, the upper end of the telescopic rod is coaxially fixed at the bottom of the piston body 4, and the lower end of the telescopic rod 5 penetrates through the base 8 downwards and then is fixed at the bottom surface of the shock absorber shell 7.

All flexible sections end to end of telescopic link 5, form the inner chamber of telescopic link 5 jointly, all set up the runner groove rather than the inner chamber intercommunication on 5 each sections of flexible sections of telescopic link, and the arbitrary two adjacent sections of flexible section go up the setting position of runner groove crisscross in telescopic link 5, consequently, the runner groove that has on the section of flexible section of a section at least can be sheltered from by adjacent flexible section when 5 whole compressions of telescopic link, the flow area of fluid has been reduced, otherwise, when 5 whole elongations of telescopic link, the flow area of fluid has been increased.

Therefore, when the piston body 4 reciprocates under the drive of the piston rod 1, the oil can directly go to and fro the first oil chamber 2 and the second oil chamber 6 through the circulating grooves on the telescopic section besides the circulation of the oil through the base 8, and the damping force is formed at the base 8 due to the fact that the oil at the base 8 is not circulated in time.

In this embodiment, the base 8 is a base valve structure, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the base valve includes a base valve base 12, a base housing 10 covers the base valve base 12, an annular boss is disposed at the lower portion of the base housing 10, and the bottom periphery of the piston cylinder 3 is clamped outside the annular boss to realize the butt joint of the base valve and the piston cylinder 3.

The upper periphery of the base shell 10 is provided with a shell constant through hole 11, and the bottom of the base valve base 12 is also provided with a base constant through hole 13. The housing through-hole 11 is located in the first oil chamber 2 and the base through-hole 13 is located in the second oil chamber after the foot valve is mounted at the bottom of the piston cylinder 3. A normally open flow channel for hydraulic oil is provided in the foot valve, and the oil can flow between the first oil chamber 2 and the second oil chamber 6 through the base housing 10, the normally open channel and the housing normally open hole 11.

The top of the base valve base 12 is provided with a boss, the base shell 10 is installed at the boss on the top of the base valve base 12, and the base shell 10 and the base valve base 12 form an inner cavity of the base valve at an interval. The center of the bottom of the base valve 12 is provided with a valve core 17. A valve core channel penetrating through the valve core 17 is arranged at the axis of the valve core 17, and the lowest end of the telescopic rod 5 sequentially penetrates through the base shell 10 and the valve core channel and then extends out of the bottom valve.

The outer ring of the valve core 17 is provided with a compression channel 15, the outer side of the compression channel 15 is also provided with a recovery channel 14, the outer ring of the valve core 17 is sleeved with a recovery valve plate 19 and a compression valve plate 16, the recovery valve plate 19 is positioned at the upper part of the bottom valve base 12, the compression valve plate 16 is positioned at the lower part of the bottom valve base 12, and the compression valve plate 16 is attached to the lower port of the compression channel 15.

A valve body spring 18 is installed between the return valve plate 19 and the upper end of the valve body 17, and the return valve plate 19 is attached to the upper port of the return passage 14 by the driving of the valve body spring 18. When the piston rod 1 drives the piston body 4 to move (compress) downwards, oil presses the compression valve plate 16 downwards to form a gap with the compression channel 15, and the oil flows into the second oil chamber 6 from the first oil chamber 2. When the piston rod 1 drives the piston body 4 to move upwards (recover), oil presses the recovery valve plate 19 upwards to form a gap with the recovery channel 14, and the oil is supplemented into the first oil chamber 2 from the second oil chamber 6.

The specific working process and working principle are as follows:

in the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile, a piston rod 1 and a shock absorber shell 7 are respectively arranged on a vehicle body and a wheel assembly of the automobile, when the automobile vibrates, the vehicle body and the wheel assembly move relatively, and correspondingly, a piston body 4 is made to reciprocate in a first oil chamber 2. Under normal conditions of the automobile, the piston body 4 reciprocates within a range in which the overflow groove 9 is opened in the piston cylinder 3. When the piston compression, piston rod 1 drives piston body 4 and stretches into in the piston cylinder 3, and the hydraulic oil that lies in 4 lower parts of piston body this moment circulates through the normal through-hole of overflow groove 9 and piston body 4 itself, owing to set up overflow groove 9, has consequently increased the flow area of fluid at 4 both ends of piston body, when having eliminated the compression of piston utmost, because of the untimely damping force that forms in 4 departments of piston body of the circulation of fluid of 4 departments of piston body.

Consequently, when piston body 4 reciprocating motion under the drive of piston rod 1, fluid can also directly reciprocate in first grease chamber 2 and second grease chamber 6 through the circulation groove on the flexible section except that 8 circulations of base, has the circulation groove on the flexible section of a lesson at least when 5 whole compressions of telescopic link and can be sheltered from by adjacent flexible section, has reduced the flow area of fluid, otherwise, when 5 whole elongations of telescopic link, has increased the flow area of fluid.

Therefore, in the hydraulic shock absorber for the automobile, in the running process of the automobile, even when the automobile passes through a bumpy road surface, the flow area of hydraulic oil is increased at the piston body 4 and the base 8, so that the damping force caused by untimely flow of the hydraulic oil at the piston body 4 and the base 8 is eliminated to the maximum extent, the phenomenon that the automobile body is hardened is avoided, and the riding comfort is greatly improved. When the piston is restored, the piston rod 1 drives the piston body 4 to move upwards, upward pumping force can be formed on the base 8, oil upwards presses the restoring valve plate 19 and a gap is generated between the restoring channel 14, and the oil is supplemented into the first oil chamber 2 from the second oil chamber 6.

However, when the automobile passes through a high-height barrier due to special conditions, the piston body 4 moves to the bottom of the piston cylinder, hydraulic oil can not flow through the flow groove 9 at the moment, and meanwhile, the telescopic rod 5 is integrally in a compression state, and all the flow grooves formed in the telescopic rod 5 are blocked, so that hydraulic oil can not flow through the inner cavity of the telescopic rod 5, the automobile is effectively prevented from being supported at the bottom, and the automobile is guaranteed not to be damaged.

Example 2:

this example differs from example 1 in that: as shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the telescopic rod 5 is inverted and is in a state of being thick at the top and thin at the bottom, wherein the end with the largest diameter (the outermost circle) is fixed with the piston body 4, and the end with the smallest diameter (the innermost circle) passes through the base 8 and is fixed on the bottom surface of the damper housing 7.

Example 3: this example differs from example 1 in that: in this embodiment, the base 8 does not adopt a bottom valve structure, but adopts a solid seat body, and the telescopic rod 5 is fixed at the bottom of the shock absorber casing 7 after passing through the middle of the seat body.

Example 4:

in this embodiment, the bottom valve is not a compression valve, but only a recovery valve system is installed, and the telescopic rod 5 is fixed to the bottom of the shock absorber housing 7 after passing through the middle of the seat body.

Example 5:

this example differs from example 1 in that: in this embodiment, a sleeve is provided, which passes through the valve core 17, and the telescopic rod 5 passes through the center of the sleeve.

Example 6:

this example differs from example 1 in that: in this embodiment, the second oil chamber 6 is not sleeved outside the first oil chamber 2, but is located on one side of the first oil chamber 2, and the first oil chamber 2 and the second oil chamber 6 are communicated through a channel formed by a pipeline or a housing.

Example 7:

this example differs from example 1 in that: in this embodiment, the first section of the telescopic rod 5 fixed to the piston body 4 is a solid structure, or a flow channel is not formed in the telescopic section.

Example 8:

this example differs from example 1 in that: in this embodiment, a bottom spring is disposed at the bottom center of the shock absorber housing 7, the bottom spring is sleeved on the outer ring of the telescopic rod 5, and the upper end of the bottom spring contacts with the bottom surface of the valve core 17, and the valve core 17 is lifted up by a distance by the elastic force of the bottom spring, and the valve core 17 drives the reset valve plate 19 to generate a distance with the upper end of the reset channel 14 after being lifted up, so as to form a normally open channel, thereby indirectly increasing the flow area of the oil liquid at the base 8 by disposing the bottom spring.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automobile hydraulic shock absorber, includes piston cylinder (3), and the inner chamber of piston cylinder (3) is first grease chamber (2) of bumper shock absorber, still is provided with second grease chamber (6) with first grease chamber (2) intercommunication, and piston rod (1) drive piston body (4) reciprocating motion in piston cylinder (3), is provided with base (8), its characterized in that in the intercommunication department of first grease chamber (2) and second grease chamber (6): a telescopic rod (5) is arranged in the piston cylinder (3), one end of the telescopic rod (5) is fixed on the bottom surface of the piston body (4), the other end of the telescopic rod downwards penetrates through the base (8) and then is fixed, and an inner cavity of the telescopic rod (5) forms a circulation channel for communicating the first oil chamber (2) and the second oil chamber (6); the expansion link (5) is provided with a circulation groove communicated with the inner cavity of the expansion link, and when the expansion link (5) is compressed or elongated under the driving of the piston body (4), the circulation area of the circulation groove arranged on the surface of the expansion link (5) is reduced or increased.

2. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the telescopic rod (5) is axially arranged along the piston cylinder (3), the telescopic rod (5) is formed by sleeving a plurality of telescopic sections with sequentially increased diameters, and the circulation groove is axially arranged on each telescopic section along the telescopic rod (5).

3. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 2, wherein: in the telescopic rod (5), the opening positions of the circulation grooves on any two adjacent telescopic sections are staggered inside and outside.

4. The hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: and an overflow groove (9) is formed in the inner wall of the piston cylinder (3) along the axial direction of the piston cylinder (3).