CN211688845U - Dry manure crushing equipment for compost - Google Patents
Dry manure crushing equipment for compost Download PDFInfo
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- CN211688845U CN211688845U CN201921994733.6U CN201921994733U CN211688845U CN 211688845 U CN211688845 U CN 211688845U CN 201921994733 U CN201921994733 U CN 201921994733U CN 211688845 U CN211688845 U CN 211688845U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dry excrement crushing apparatus for compost, include: the crushing device is used for crushing and processing the organic materials; the output device is arranged below the outlet of the crushing device and mainly comprises a conveying belt, and the materials crushed by the crushing device fall on the conveying belt and are conveyed by the conveying belt to a stacking place for direct composting fermentation or are conveyed by a vehicle to other places for composting fermentation; the material humidity adjusting device is arranged above the conveying belt and used for increasing the water content of the materials so as to meet the requirement of compost fermentation. The dry manure crushing equipment for the compost adopting the technical scheme can not only crush solid parts, but also add water to the crushed solid parts to improve the water content of the solid parts so as to meet the requirement of compost fermentation. The water adding amount can be adjusted in real time by the equipment, so that the water content of the materials can be ensured to be uniform, and the condition of incomplete fermentation or putrefactive water seepage caused by non-uniform water content during compost fermentation is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an organic matter innocent treatment technique, in particular to dry manure crushing equipment for compost.
Background
The treatment of the excrement becomes the most important work in the pig farm at present. In the presence of the most severe environmental storms in history. The treatment of the pig manure becomes the work and the doing work which are considered by each pig breeder.
For modern pig farms and small pig farms in large scale, the state proposes a mode of fecal pollution treatment and resource solution, namely an ecological circle is established, so that the pig manure can be reused after being treated. Firstly, the pig manure is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the liquid manure enters sewage treatment equipment for purification and discharge. Therefore, favorable conditions can be created for the subsequent reduction and efficient and low-cost treatment of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater and the utilization of livestock and poultry manure.
The manure of livestock is a natural high-quality organic fertilizer for crops, but the manure cannot be scattered in the field: the feces after being fully decomposed are good fertilizers for crops. The pig manure is also the same, and the pig manure is directly used as a fertilizer, so that the effect of fattening the land is not achieved, the growth of crops is also endangered, and the pig manure is lost to farmers. The reason is that pig manure contains pathogenic bacteria and pests such as coliform bacteria and nematode, and the direct use of pig manure can cause the spread of plant diseases and insect pests and the attack of crops, and can also cause physical influence on people eating agricultural products. Secondly, the feces of the live pigs contain a plurality of undigested organic substances which can not be directly used by crops and can also form a secondary fermentation phenomenon. When crops are small and weak in resistance, heat generated by fermentation can affect growth of the effect, root burning, seedling burning and even plant death are caused. Then, most of the unfermented and decomposed pig manure is macromolecular organic matter, which can not be directly absorbed and used by crops, and the fertilizer efficiency is very slow.
The pig manure is required to be really changed into good fertilizer, and compost fermentation treatment is required to ensure that the pig manure is changed into the magnolia flower.
The pig manure fermentation is a fermentation process which uses aerobic microorganisms contained in the fertilizer starter to differentiate and convert organic matters which are not easily used directly in the pig manure into small molecular substances, and integrates deodorization, disinsection, disease control and nutrient improvement, and the like into a whole after secondary fermentation. The pig manure generates heat in the fermentation process, parasitic ova and disease bacteria contained in the pig manure can be killed, and crops are prevented from being damaged; the fermented pig manure is abundant and thoroughly decomposed, so that secondary fermentation is not carried out, the phenomena of root burning and seedling burning are completely avoided, and the safety is higher; in addition, the fermentation process also differentiates and converts macromolecular organic matters contained in the pig manure into inorganic salt and mineral substances which can be directly used by crops, and thallus metabolites are generated, so that nutrients of the fertilizer are enriched; preferably, the fermentation process is still a biological deodorization process, and the fermented pig manure fertilizer has no odor and is more convenient to use.
The dry manure cleaning technology is a farm cleaning technology for separating livestock manure from solid and urine and independently cleaning manure, liquid in pig manure is squeezed out as much as possible to treat sewage by separating manure from urine and mechanically compressing the pig manure, and solid is transported to a composting farm to be treated in a centralized manner. To avoid premature spoilage of the solids during storage and also to save transportation costs of transport, the solids are generally relatively dry and hard.
Therefore, before composting the solid parts of the pig manure, not only the solid parts need to be crushed, but also water needs to be added to the crushed solid parts to increase the water content of the crushed solid parts so as to meet the requirement of composting fermentation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a dry excrement crushing apparatus for compost.
According to an aspect of the utility model, a dry excrement crushing apparatus for compost is provided, include:
the crushing device is used for crushing and processing the organic materials to reach proper granularity and mesh number;
the output device is arranged below the outlet of the crushing device and mainly comprises a conveying belt, and the materials crushed by the crushing device fall on the conveying belt and are conveyed by the conveying belt to a stacking place for direct composting fermentation or are conveyed by a vehicle to other places for composting fermentation;
the material humidity adjusting device is arranged above the conveying belt, and is used for sprinkling water on materials conveyed by the conveying belt, so that the water content of the materials is increased to meet the requirement of compost fermentation.
The dry manure crushing equipment for the compost adopting the technical scheme can not only crush solid parts, but also add water to the crushed solid parts to improve the water content of the solid parts so as to meet the requirement of compost fermentation.
Specifically, material humidity control device includes a water spray assembly, and water spray assembly is fixed in the conveyer belt top and is connected with the water source through the pipeline, and water spray assembly is equipped with a plurality of shower nozzles that are linked together with the pipeline, and the shower nozzle is used for spraying water to the material of carrying on the conveyer belt. From this, the material after smashing can spray water the humidification at the in-process of carrying, not only can realize disposable integrated processing, can mix thoroughly in transportation process and the later in-process of stacking after the material water spray moreover, can reduce the stirring process after the water spray from this, and is more convenient.
Preferably, the material humidity adjusting device adjusts the water content of the material to 40% -50%. Therefore, the water requirement in the composting process can be met, and the waste water pollution environment caused by putrefaction due to excessive material water can be avoided.
Furthermore, a flow regulating valve is connected in series in the pipeline and used for controlling the water spraying amount of the water spraying assembly. Therefore, the water spraying amount can be adjusted according to the actual situation, so that the water content of the material is maintained in an optimal range.
Furthermore, the crushing device comprises a motor, a current monitor is arranged in a power supply loop of the motor and used for monitoring the working current of the motor, and the current monitor is connected with the flow regulating valve so that the on-off state of the flow regulating valve is linked with the motor. The crushing device can be one of a hammer mill, a vane mill or a roller mill, which are driven by a motor. The on-off state of the flow regulating valve is linked with the motor of the crushing device, so that the water spraying assembly can work along with the working state of the motor.
Specifically, the current monitor monitors the working current of the motor in real time, monitored data are sent to the flow regulating valve, and the flow regulating valve adjusts the water spraying amount of the water spraying assembly according to the data monitored by the current monitor in real time. For the solid matter to be crushed, the lower the water content, the more difficult the crushing, which usually results in an increase in the output of the motor, and the operating current of the motor is also increased at this time. From this can establish a model, the operating current in the twinkling of an eye of motor and the water content of treating kibbling solid shape and dividing have a corresponding relation, and flow control valve can judge the water content of solid shape branch according to current monitor real time monitoring's data, and then the adjustment water spray assembly's the water spray volume. The lower the water content of the solid component to be crushed is, the more difficult the crushing is, the larger the instantaneous working current of the motor is during the crushing is, and the larger the water spraying amount of the water spraying assembly is. Thereby the water content of the crushed material can be maintained in a certain range.
Specifically, the flow regulating valve comprises an electromagnetic regulating valve and an amplifying circuit, the electromagnetic regulating valve is connected with a current monitor through the amplifying circuit, the current monitor outputs the analog quantity of the working current of the motor to the amplifying circuit, and the amplifying circuit outputs a control current for regulating the electromagnetic regulating valve according to the analog quantity of the working current of the motor. Therefore, the control current can be in a proportional relation of positive correlation with the analog quantity of the working current of the motor, and a process program control system is convenient to establish.
Furthermore, the amplifying circuit is also provided with an adjusting circuit, and the adjusting circuit is provided with a knob or an electronic key for adjusting the amplification factor of the amplifying circuit, so that the water spraying amount of the water spraying assembly under the condition of normal production is adjusted. For solid matters from different sources, the proportion of the linear relation between the difficulty degree of crushing and the instantaneous working current of the motor is slightly different, and the requirements of different external environment temperatures on the water content of materials during composting fermentation are different, so that the amplification factor of the amplifying circuit can be adjusted through a knob or an electronic key, and the water spraying quantity of the water spraying assembly can be adjusted.
Preferably, the current monitor detects the operating current of the motor at a frequency higher than 2 seconds/time. The current monitor detects in a periodic scanning mode, and is beneficial to accurate response of the amplifying circuit and the electromagnetic regulating valve.
Preferably, the amplifying circuit further has a delay circuit, the delay circuit provides a delay time, and the amplifying circuit outputs the control current to the electromagnetic regulating valve after the delay time after receiving the analog quantity of the working current of the motor output by the current monitor. Because there is typically a distance between the crusher and the water jet assembly, it takes a time for the material to reach the water jet assembly from the crusher output, which is related to the distance between the crusher and the water jet assembly and the linear speed of travel of the conveyor belt.
Specifically, the lag time is the time for the material to reach the water spray assembly from the outlet of the crushing device. Therefore, the accuracy of water adding of the materials can be guaranteed, and the water spraying amount corresponding to the materials can be obtained when the materials run to the water spraying assembly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a dry manure crushing device for composting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the dry manure crushing apparatus shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the dry manure crushing apparatus shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 to 3 schematically show a dry manure crushing apparatus for composting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown, the apparatus comprises:
the crushing device 1 is used for crushing and processing organic materials such as dry manure and the like to achieve proper granularity and mesh;
the output device 2 is arranged below the outlet of the crushing device 1 and mainly comprises a conveyer belt 21, and the materials crushed by the crushing device 1 fall on the conveyer belt 21 and are conveyed to a stacking place by the conveyer belt 21 to be directly subjected to compost fermentation or are conveyed to other places by a vehicle to be subjected to compost fermentation;
the material humidity adjusting device 3 is arranged above the conveying belt 21 and used for sprinkling water to the materials conveyed by the conveying belt 21, and the water content of the materials is increased to meet the requirement of compost fermentation.
Organic materials such as dry manure can be transferred to the discharge hopper of the crushing device 1 by a forklift or a loader, or can be conveyed to the discharge hopper of the crushing device 1 by a conveying device such as a conveyor belt.
In this embodiment, the material humidity adjusting device 3 includes a water spraying assembly 31, and the water spraying assembly 31 is fixed above the conveyor belt 21 and connected with a water source through a pipeline 32. The water source can be a water storage tank, and can also be tap water or a water pump for pumping water. Generally, compost fermentation uses a fertilizer starter.
The fertilizer leaven is a compound flora composed of various natural beneficial microorganism groups such as bacteria, filamentous bacteria, saccharomycetes, actinomycetes and the like, has extremely high (consumption) oxygen fermentation decomposition capacity, various functional microorganisms are not antagonistic to each other in the fermentation process and cooperate to fight against each other, and the strong biochemical reactions formed by the functional microorganisms in the rapid (hour basis) and large (hundred million-level basis) breeding processes are utilized to complete the processes of deodorization, decomposition, disinsection, sterilization and nutrient conversion of organic materials, so that the aims of harmlessly and resourcefully treating various animal and plant leftovers such as chicken manure, pig manure, cattle and sheep manure, fallen leaf saw dust fur and the like, domestic garbage or all other organic materials needing to be treated are fulfilled.
Common fertilizer fermenters include EM in Japan, agricultural and plant-derived hydrology in Korea, HM bacteria and C301 in national military academy of sciences.
The fertilizer starter is generally added into the materials in a bacterial liquid mode. In this embodiment, the bacteria liquid can be added into the material through the connection pipe 32 and then through the water spraying assembly 31.
This method of applying other functional liquids together through a water spray line is very common in agricultural spraying and irrigation. The details are not repeated.
Specifically, the water spray assembly 31 is provided with a plurality of spray heads 311 in communication with the conduit 32.
The spray head 311 is used for spraying water to the material conveyed on the conveyor belt 21. From this, the material after smashing can spray water the humidification at the in-process of carrying, not only can realize disposable integrated processing, can mix thoroughly in transportation process and the later in-process of stacking after the material water spray moreover, can reduce the stirring process after the water spray from this, and is more convenient.
Preferably, the material humidity adjusting device 3 adjusts the water content of the material to 40% -50%. Therefore, the water requirement in the composting process can be met, and the waste water pollution environment caused by putrefaction due to excessive material water can be avoided.
In the present embodiment, a flow rate regulating valve 33 is also connected in series in the pipe 32.
The flow control valve 33 is used to control the amount of water sprayed from the water spray assembly 31. Therefore, the water spraying amount can be adjusted according to the actual situation, so that the water content of the material is maintained in an optimal range.
The comminution apparatus 1 comprises a motor 11.
A current monitor 12 is provided in the power supply circuit of the motor 11.
The current monitor 12 is used to monitor the operating current of the motor 11.
The current monitor 12 is connected to the flow rate adjustment valve 33, and the opening/closing state of the flow rate adjustment valve 33 is interlocked with the motor 11. The crushing apparatus 1 may be one of a hammer mill, a vane mill, and a roller mill, which are driven by a motor 11, according to the actual situation. The water spray assembly 31 can be operated in accordance with the operating state of the motor 11 by linking the opening and closing state of the flow control valve 33 with the motor of the pulverizer.
The current monitor 12 monitors the working current of the motor 11 in real time and sends the monitored data to the flow control valve 33, and the flow control valve 33 adjusts the water spraying amount of the water spraying assembly 31 according to the data monitored by the current monitor 12 in real time. For the solid matter to be crushed, the lower its moisture content, the more difficult the crushing is, which usually results in an increase in the output of the motor 11, and the operating current of the motor 11 is then also increased accordingly. From this a model can be established, and motor 11's the operating current in the twinkling of an eye and the water content of waiting kibbling solid shape to divide have a corresponding relation, and flow control valve 33 can judge the water content of solid shape branch according to current monitor 12 real time monitoring's data, and then the adjustment water spray assembly 31's the water spray volume. The lower the water content of the solid components to be crushed is, the more difficult the crushing is, the larger the instantaneous working current of the motor 11 is during the crushing is, and the larger the water spraying amount of the water spraying assembly 31 is. Thereby the water content of the crushed material can be maintained in a certain range.
The flow rate regulating valve 33 includes an electromagnetic regulating valve 331 and an amplifying circuit 332.
The electromagnetic control valve 331 is connected to the current monitor 12 via an amplifying circuit 332.
The current monitor 12 outputs an analog quantity of the operating current of the motor 11 to the amplifier circuit 332, and the amplifier circuit 332 outputs a control current for adjusting the electromagnetic adjusting valve 331 according to the analog quantity of the operating current of the motor 11. Therefore, the control current can be in a proportional relation of positive correlation with the analog quantity of the working current of the motor 11, and a process program control system is convenient to establish.
The amplifying circuit 332 also has a regulating circuit 333.
The adjusting circuit 333 is provided with a knob or an electronic key for adjusting the amplification factor of the amplifying circuit 332, so as to adjust the water spraying amount of the water spraying assembly 31 under the condition of normal production. For solid matters from different sources, the proportion of the linear relation between the difficulty of crushing and the instantaneous working current of the motor 11 may be slightly different, and in addition, the requirements of different external environment temperatures on the water content of the materials during composting fermentation are different, and at this time, the amplification factor of the amplifying circuit 332 can be adjusted through a knob or an electronic key, so as to adjust the water spraying amount of the water spraying assembly 31.
The current monitor 12 detects the operating current of the motor 11 at a frequency higher than 2 seconds/time. The current monitor 12 detects in a periodic scanning manner, which facilitates accurate response of the amplifying circuit 332 and the solenoid valve 331.
The amplification circuit 332 also has a delay circuit 334.
The delay circuit 334 provides a delay time, and the amplifier circuit 332 receives the analog quantity of the working current of the motor 11 output by the current monitor 12, and outputs the control current to the electromagnetic regulating valve 331 after the delay time. Because there is typically a distance between the crusher 1 and the water jet assembly 31, it takes a time for the material to reach the water jet assembly 31 from the exit of the crusher 1, which is related to the distance between the crusher 1 and the water jet assembly 31 and the linear speed of the conveyor belt 21.
The lag time is the time for the material to reach the water spray assembly 31 from the outlet of the crushing device 1. Therefore, the accuracy of adding water into the material can be ensured, and the water spraying amount corresponding to the material can be obtained when the material runs to the water spraying assembly 31.
The dry manure crushing equipment for the compost adopting the technical scheme can not only crush solid parts, but also add water to the crushed solid parts to improve the water content of the solid parts so as to meet the requirement of compost fermentation. This equipment can also adjust in real time the water yield through the instantaneous operating current who detects reducing mechanism's motor, can guarantee from this that the material water content is comparatively even, can avoid when the compost fermentation because the water content is inhomogeneous leads to the condition that the fermentation is incomplete or the corruption infiltration.
Brief introduction to Water spray program control principles
The water spray quantity P can be controlled by the following formula model:
P＝P0+P1＝P0+ΔI*K；
wherein, P0The constant output is the constant output when the system works normally; p1Increment for crushing dry and hard solid shape of crushing deviceOutputting; delta I is increment of instantaneous working current of the motor, and K is amplification factor of the amplifying circuit.
The lag time delta T of the water spray assembly can be controlled by the following formula model delta T ═ L/X; wherein, L is the distance between reducing mechanism and the water spray subassembly, and X is the operating line speed of carrying 1.
What has been described above are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept, several modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A dry manure comminution apparatus for composting, comprising:
the crushing device is used for crushing and processing the organic materials to reach proper granularity and mesh number;
the output device is arranged below the outlet of the crushing device and mainly comprises a conveying belt, and the materials crushed by the crushing device fall on the conveying belt and are conveyed to a stacking place by the conveying belt to be directly subjected to compost fermentation or are conveyed to other places by a vehicle to be subjected to compost fermentation;
the material humidity adjusting device is arranged above the conveying belt and used for sprinkling water on the materials conveyed by the conveying belt, and the water content of the materials is increased so as to meet the requirement of compost fermentation.
2. A dry manure crushing apparatus for compost as claimed in claim 1, wherein said material moisture adjusting means comprises a water spraying assembly fixed above said conveyor belt and connected to a water source through a pipe, said water spraying assembly having a plurality of nozzles communicating with said pipe, said nozzles for spraying water to said material conveyed on said conveyor belt.
3. A dry manure crushing apparatus for compost as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said material humidity adjusting means adjusts the water content of the material to 40-50%.
4. A dry manure crushing apparatus for compost as claimed in claim 2, wherein a flow regulating valve is further connected in series in said pipe, said flow regulating valve being adapted to control the amount of water sprayed from said water spraying assembly.
5. A dry manure crushing apparatus for compost as claimed in claim 4, wherein said crushing means comprises a motor, a current monitor is provided in a power supply circuit of said motor for monitoring an operating current of said motor, said current monitor is connected to said flow control valve, and an on-off state of said flow control valve is linked to said motor.
6. A dry manure crushing apparatus for compost as claimed in claim 5, wherein said current monitor monitors the operation current of said motor in real time and sends the monitored data to said flow regulating valve, said flow regulating valve adjusts the amount of water sprayed by said water spraying assembly according to the data monitored by said current monitor in real time.
7. A dry manure crushing apparatus for compost as claimed in claim 6, wherein said flow regulating valve comprises an electromagnetic regulating valve and an amplifying circuit, said electromagnetic regulating valve is connected to said current monitor through said amplifying circuit, said current monitor outputs an analog quantity of the operation current of said motor to said amplifying circuit, said amplifying circuit outputs a control current for regulating said electromagnetic regulating valve based on the analog quantity of the operation current of said motor.
8. A dry manure crushing device for compost as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the amplifying circuit is further provided with a regulating circuit, and the regulating circuit is provided with a knob or an electronic key for regulating the amplification factor of the amplifying circuit, so as to adjust the water spraying amount of the water spraying assembly under the condition of normal production.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the amplifier circuit further comprises a delay circuit, the delay circuit provides a delay time, and the amplifier circuit receives the analog quantity of the operating current of the motor from the current monitor and outputs the control current to the electromagnetic control valve after the delay time.
10. A dry manure comminution apparatus for composting as claimed in claim 9 wherein the lag time is the time for the material to reach the water spray assembly from the comminution device outlet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921994733.6U CN211688845U (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Dry manure crushing equipment for compost |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921994733.6U CN211688845U (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Dry manure crushing equipment for compost |
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| CN211688845U true CN211688845U (en) | 2020-10-16 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110845255A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-28 | 建瓯市绿明生物科技有限公司 | Dry manure crushing equipment for compost |
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2019
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110845255A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-28 | 建瓯市绿明生物科技有限公司 | Dry manure crushing equipment for compost |
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