CN211678668U - A kind of seed coating and grading machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a seed coating and grading machine, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery, comprising a frame, a feeding device, a feeding device, a seed coating device, and a seed grading device. The discharging port of the feeding device is connected with the feeding port of the feeding device, the discharging port of the feeding device is connected with the seed coating device, and the discharging port of the seed coating device is connected with the feeding port of the seed grading device. The utility model realizes the atomization of the seed coating agent through the seed coating device, uses the feeding device to control the amount of seeds, better attaches the seed coating agent to the surface of the seeds, and the coated seeds are graded by the seed grading device. , the feeding of the seeds, the coating, and the grading are completely realized by the mechanized structure, realizing the integration of the coating and grading of seeds of different particle sizes, which greatly reduces the work intensity of people; and the utility model also has universal It has the characteristics of sexuality, which improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost.

Description

A kind of seed coating and grading machinery

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a seed coating and grading machine.

Background technique

It is an important part of crop production, but the processing of seeds before sowing is also very important. The quality of crop seeds directly affects the growth status of crops, and the growth status of crops is directly related to the harvest of crops. After the seeds are sown, they are highly susceptible to bacterial erosion, insect bites and stealing in the soil, which seriously affects the survival rate of the seeds. Aiming at the damage of pests and diseases, the commonly used method is to coat the seeds before sowing. The most traditional method is to treat the seeds by hand. However, this method not only increases the labor intensity, but also has many hidden dangers.

The seeds processed by the coating device are resistant to drought and cold, and germinate in advance of the seeds; ensure that the crop emergence rate is high, the seedlings are strong, and the seedlings are neat; disease prevention, insect control, and environmental pollution; labor, time-saving, and increased input-output ratio .

The seed coating device is a necessary equipment for the seed coating processing. The performance of the coating device directly affects the coating qualification rate of the seeds. The research on seed coating machinery in my country started relatively late. In the past, the intermittent feeding seed coating device with the linkage of the counterweight tipping bucket and the medicine spoon was used, which caused serious damage to the seeds during use; the adjustment range of the drug-to-species ratio was narrow. Moreover, the feeding mechanism adopts intermittent type, and the coating efficiency is low. The outer grooved wheel seed metering device is the seed supply method used by most coating devices on the market. The displacement of seeds can be changed by changing the actual working size of the grooved wheel, which can basically realize the continuous supply of seeds. The depth of engineering design, manufacturing and theoretical research is small, and the displacement accuracy is easily affected by the shape and size of the seeds, which increases the chance of seeding. In recent years, many manufacturers have used the quantitative pump feeding method for seed coating. Compared with the mechanical tipping bucket coating device, the feeding accuracy has been greatly improved, but the quality of seed coating is still not optimistic, and it is difficult to achieve precision agriculture. Requirements for high standards and high quality of seeds.

In view of the above problems, combined with the existing seed coating devices on the market, a new type of seed coating machine was designed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the problems existing in the background technology, the utility model provides a new type of seed coating machine, which can reduce the intensity of manual work, and at the same time, has the advantages of good seed coating uniformity, remarkable grading, and seed coating grading. It has the advantages of universality and so on.

To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A seed coating and grading machine comprises a frame 1, a feeding device 2, a feeding device 3, a seed coating device 4, and a seed grading device 6, and the feeding device 3 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame 1, The discharge port of the feeding device 2 is connected with the feeding port of the feeding device 3, and the discharging port of the feeding device 3 is connected with the seed coating device 4 which can atomize the seed coating agent, and the discharge port of the seed coating device 4 is connected. The port communicates with the feed port of the seed classification device 6 .

Further, the feeding device 3 includes a feeding hopper 3-1, a feeding fan 3-2, and a feeding motor 3-3. The feeding hopper 3-1 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame 1, and the feeding The upper feed port of the hopper 3-1 is connected to the feeding device 2, the lower end discharge port of the feed hopper 3-1 is connected to the seed coating device 4, and the inside of the discharge end of the feed hopper 3-1 is provided with a feeder Fan 3-2, the rotating shaft of the feeding fan 3-2 is connected with the feeding motor 3-3 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the feeding hopper 3-1.

Further, the feeding device 2 includes a feeding motor 2-1, a reducer 2-2, a feeding pipe 2-3, a screw feeder 2-4, and a feeding box 2-5, and the feeding pipe 2-3 is fixed Installed on the frame 1, the discharge end of the feeding pipe 2-3 is connected with the feeding port of the feeding device 3, the feeding pipe 2-3 is installed with a screw feeder 2-4, and the screw feeder 2-4 is decelerated The device 2-2 is connected with the feeding motor 2-1.

Further, the coating device 4 includes a coating pipeline 4-1, a venturi tube 4-2, a fan 4-3, and a medicine box 4-4. The coating pipeline 4-1 is fixedly installed on the rack 1, and the The upper feeding port of the coating pipe 4-1 is connected with the discharging port of the feeding device 3, the lower discharging port of the coating pipe 4-1 is connected with the feeding port of the seed grading device 6, and the venturi pipe 4-2 is The tail end is connected with the coating pipe 4-1, the head of the venturi pipe 4-2 is connected with the fan 4-3, and the throat of the venturi pipe 4-2 is connected with the medicine box 5.

Further, the seed grading device 6 includes a seed feeding hopper 6-1, a motor 6-2, a hydraulic device 6-3, a seed grading sieve drum 6-4, a screw agitator 6-5, an inoculation tray 6-6, a seed Box 6-7, steering wheel 6-8, described seed grading sieve drum 6-4 is mounted on frame 1 through bearings, and one end of seed grading sieve drum 6-4 is installed with steering wheel 6-8 that can make it rotate , the seed grading screen cylinder 6-4 is installed with a seed feeding hopper 6-1, and the seed grading screen cylinder 6-4 is provided with three kinds of sieve holes in the circumferential direction, and the sieve holes of each kind of pore size have a spacing between them. A screw agitator 6-5 is installed in the grading screen drum 6-4, the screw agitator 6-5 is connected with the motor 6-2, an inoculation plate 6-6 is arranged on the lower frame 1 of the seed grading screen drum 6-4, The inoculation tray 6-6 is connected with a hydraulic device 6-3 which is fixedly installed on the frame 1 and can be tilted, and a seed box 6-7 is arranged under the end of the inoculation tray 6-6.

The beneficial effects of the present utility model:

The utility model realizes the atomization of the seed coating agent through the seed coating device, uses the feeding device to control the amount of seeds, better attaches the seed coating agent to the surface of the seeds, and the coated seeds are graded by the seed grading device. , the feeding of seeds to coating, and then to grading are completely realized by mechanized structure, realizing the integration of coating and grading of seeds with different particle sizes, which greatly reduces the work intensity of people; and the utility model also has universal It has the characteristics of sexuality, which improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model feeding device and coating device;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the feeding device of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the seed grading device of the present utility model;

5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the seed grading device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present utility model clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to facilitate the understanding of the skilled person.

As shown in Figures 1-5, a seed coating and grading machine includes a frame 1, a feeding device 2, a feeding device 3, a seed coating device 4, and a seed grading device 6. The feeding device 3 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame 1, the discharge port of the feeding device 2 is connected with the feeding port of the feeding device 3, and the discharging port of the feeding device 3 is connected with the seed coating device 4, The outlet of the seed coating device 4 communicates with the inlet of the seed classification device 6 .

The feeding device 2 includes a feeding motor 2-1, a reducer 2-2, a feeding pipe 2-3, a screw feeder 2-4, and a feeding box 2-5. The feeding pipe 2-3 is fixedly installed in the On the frame 1, the discharge end of the feeding pipe 2-3 is connected to the feeding port of the feeding device 3. The feeding pipe 2-3 is equipped with a screw feeder 2-4, and the screw feeder 2-4 passes through the reducer 2. -2 is connected with the feeding motor 2-1; the feeding motor 2-1 works, the reducer 2-2 decelerates and drives the screw feeder 2-4 to rotate, and pours the seeds to be processed into the feeding box 2-5, and the screw The feeder 2-4 conveys the seeds into the feeder 3 with its helical blades during rotation. The feeding device 3 includes a feeding hopper 3-1, a feeding fan 3-2, and a feeding motor 3-3. The feeding hopper 3-1 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame 1. The upper feeding port of 3-1 is connected with the feeding device 2, the lower discharging port of the feeding hopper 3-1 is connected with the seed coating device 4, and a feeding fan 3 is arranged inside the discharging end of the feeding hopper 3-1 -2, the rotating shaft of the feeding fan 3-2 is connected with the feeding motor 3-3 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the feeding hopper 3-1; the seeds are transported to the feeding hopper 3-1 through the screw feeder 2-4, The feeding motor 3-3 drives the feeding fan 3-2 to rotate, and the feeding fan 3-2 dials the seeds into the seed coating device 4 in an orderly and quantitative manner through the fan blades evenly arranged on it for coating treatment. The amount of seeds entering the seed coating device 4 is controlled by the feeding fan 3-2, so as to ensure that the seed coating device 4 can better attach the seed coating agent to the surface of the seeds, and avoid too many seeds entering the seed coating device 4. However, there are cases where the coating is uneven or some seeds cannot be coated.

The coating device 4 includes a coating pipeline 4-1, a venturi tube 4-2, a fan 4-3, and a medicine box 4-4. The coating pipeline 4-1 is fixedly installed on the rack 1, and the coating pipeline The upper feeding port of 4-1 is connected with the discharging port of the feeding hopper 3-1, the feeding hopper 3-1 and the coating pipe 4-1 are on the same axis, and the lower end of the coating pipe 4-1 is discharged The port is connected with the feed port of the seed grading device 6, the tail end of the venturi pipe 4-2 is connected with the coating pipe 4-1, the head of the venturi pipe 4-2 is connected with the fan 4-3, and the venturi pipe 4 is connected with the fan 4-3. -2 The throat is connected to the medicine box 5; the feeding fan 3-2 dials the seeds that need to be coated into the coating pipe 4-1, and the fan 4-3 works, so that the Venturi pipe 4-2 generates Negative pressure, suck the mixed coating agent in the medicine box 4-4 connected to the throat of the Venturi tube 4-2 into the Venturi tube 4-2, and after the seed coating agent enters the Venturi tube 4-2 , Because the venturi tube 4-2 has a large opening at both ends and a small diameter in the middle, when the seed coating agent enters the pipeline, the diameter of the pipe becomes smaller first, which makes the flow rate of the seed coating agent larger, and then the Venturi tube 4-2 The diameter of the pipeline increases again, so that the seed coating agent is atomized. After the atomization, the seed coating agent is sprayed into the coating pipeline 4-1 connected with the Venturi tube 4-2, and the feeding fan 3- 2. The seeds inserted into the coating pipeline 4-1 are coated, and the coated seeds fall into the seed grading device 6 under the action of their own gravity.

The seed grading device 6 includes a seed feeding hopper 6-1, a motor 6-2, a hydraulic device 6-3, a seed grading screen cylinder 6-4, a screw agitator 6-5, an inoculation tray 6-6, a seed box 6 -7. Steering wheel 6-8, the seed grading sieve cylinder 6-4 is installed on the frame 1 through bearings, and one end of the seed grading sieve cylinder 6-4 is installed with a steering wheel 6-8 that can make it rotate, and the seeds A seed feeding hopper 6-1 is installed on the grading sieve cylinder 6-4, and the seed grading sieve cylinder 6-4 is provided with screening holes of three kinds of apertures along the circumferential direction, and the screening holes of each aperture are spaced apart. A screw agitator 6-5 is installed in the cylinder 6-4, and the screw agitator 6-5 is connected with the motor 6-2. The lower frame 1 of the seed grading screen cylinder 6-4 is provided with an inoculation plate 6-6. 6-6 is connected with a hydraulic device 6-3 which is fixedly installed on the frame 1 and can be tilted, and a seed box 6-7 is arranged under the end of the inoculation tray 6-6. Turn the sieving hole with the smallest diameter on the seed grading sieve drum 6-4 to the bottom of the screw mixer 6-5 through the steering wheel 6-8. After entering the hopper 6-1, the seeds are put into the hopper 6-1 and the seeds are poured into the seed grading screen drum 6-4. Since the motor 6-2 drives the screw agitator 6-5 to rotate, the function of the screw agitator 6-5 Then, the seeds smaller than the sieving holes fall out from the sieving holes and enter the inoculation tray 6-6. When no seeds with smaller particle diameters fall out from the seed grading sieve cylinder 6-4, stop the screw agitator. 6-5, work through the hydraulic device 6-3, push the inoculation tray 6-6 to incline, pour the seeds in it into the seed box 6-7, and then collect the selected small-diameter seeds. The seed box 6-7 is then placed under the seed grading sieve drum 6-4 after particle size seeds. Then adjust the sieving hole with the aperture in the middle to the bottom of the screw agitator 6-5 through the steering wheel 6-8, start the screw agitator 6-5 to screen the seeds of the next particle size, and wait until there are no seeds from the seed grading sieve cylinder 6 When the -4 falls out, stop the screw agitator 6-5, work through the hydraulic device 6-3, push the inoculation tray 6-6 to tilt, pour the seeds in it into the seed box 6-7, and collect the seeds manually. . Then, stop the screw agitator 6-5, then adjust the sieving hole with the largest aperture to the bottom of the screw agitator 6-5 through the steering wheel 6-8, start the screw agitator 6-5, and sieve the seeds with larger particle size. It is divided into seed boxes 6-7 for collection, which realizes the step-by-step grading of seeds.

The working process of the utility model:

Pour the seeds into the feeding box 2-5 of the feeding device 2, start the feeding and feeding motor 2-1, and the feeding motor 2-1 drives the screw feeder 2-4 to rotate through the reducer 2-2, and the screw feeder 2-4 will The seeds are sent to the feeding hopper 3-1 of the feeding device 3 through the feeding pipe 2-3, the feeding motor 3-3 is started, and the feeding fan 3-2 is driven to rotate, and the seeds in the feeding hopper 3-1 are dialed Into the coating pipeline 4-1 of the seed coating device 4, at the same time, the fan 4-3 of the seed coating device 4 is started to generate negative pressure in the Venturi tube 4-2, which will interact with the Venturi tube 4-2. The mixed coating agent in the medicine box 5 connected to the throat of the seedling is sucked into the pipeline of the Venturi pipe 4-2, and after the action of the fan 4-3, the seed coating agent enters the Venturi pipe 4-2, and passes through the diameter of the pipe. becomes smaller, the flow rate becomes larger, and the pipeline changes again, so that the seed coating agent is atomized and sprayed into the coating pipeline 4-1 connected to the venturi tube 4-2, and the seeds are coated to complete The coated seeds fall into the feeding hopper 6-1 of the seed grading device 6 due to their own gravity, and the seeds are driven by the motor 6-2 through the feeding hopper 6-1 to rotate the screw agitator 6-5 so that the seeds are removed from the seed grading sieve cylinder. The sieving holes of 6-4 fall out and fall into the inoculation tray 6-6. Since the diameter of the sieving holes of the seed grading sieve cylinder 6-4 can be adjusted by the steering wheel 6-8, the seeds falling out of the sieving holes are The seeds of the series we selected, the seeds larger than the sieving hole series are left in the seed grading sieve drum 6-4, after the seeds of the same level are screened or the inoculation tray 6-6 is filled with seeds , the seed loading plate 6-6 is pushed by the hydraulic device 6-3 to tilt and pour the seeds into the seed box 6-7, thereby realizing the process of seed grading. This series of actions completes the integrated process of seed coating and seed grading.

The utility model realizes the atomization of the seed coating agent through the seed coating device, uses the feeding device to control the amount of seeds, better attaches the seed coating agent to the surface of the seeds, and the coated seeds are graded by the seed grading device. , the feeding of seeds to coating, and then to grading are completely realized by mechanized structure, realizing the integration of coating and grading of seeds with different particle sizes, which greatly reduces the work intensity of people; and the utility model also has universal It has the characteristics of sexuality, which improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost.

Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should Various changes can be made in the above and in the details without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A seed coating and grading machine, characterized in that: the seed coating and grading machine comprises a frame (1), a feeding device (2), a feeding device (3), a seed coating device (4) Seed grading device (6), the feeding device (3) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame (1), the discharge port of the feeding device (2) and the feeding of the feeding device (3) The outlet of the feeding device (3) is connected with the seed coating device (4) capable of atomizing the seed coating agent, and the outlet of the seed coating device (4) is connected with the outlet of the seed grading device (6). The feed port is connected. 2. A seed coating and grading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding device (3) comprises a feeding hopper (3-1), a feeding fan (3-2) , the feeding motor (3-3), the feeding hopper (3-1) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame (1), the upper feeding port of the feeding hopper (3-1) and the feeding device (2) ) connection, the discharge port at the lower end of the feeding hopper (3-1) is connected with the seed coating device (4), and a feeding fan (3-2) is arranged inside the discharging end of the feeding hopper (3-1). The rotating shaft of the feeding fan (3-2) is connected with the feeding motor (3-3) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the feeding hopper (3-1). 3. A seed coating and grading machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the feeding device (2) comprises a feeding motor (2-1), a reducer (2-2), The feeding pipe (2-3), the screw feeder (2-4), the feeding box (2-5), the feeding pipe (2-3) is fixedly installed on the frame (1), the feeding pipe (2) The discharge end of -3) is connected with the feeding port of the feeding device (3). The feeding pipe (2-3) is installed with a screw feeder (2-4), and the screw feeder (2-4) passes through the reducer. (2-2) is connected with the feeding motor (2-1). 4. A seed coating and grading machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the coating device (4) comprises a coating pipe (4-1), a venturi pipe (4-2), a fan ( 4-3), medicine box (4-4), the coating pipeline (4-1) is fixedly installed on the frame (1), the upper feeding port of the coating pipeline (4-1) and the feeding The discharge port of the device (3) is connected, the discharge port at the lower end of the coating pipeline (4-1) is connected with the feed port of the seed grading device (6), and the tail end of the venturi tube (4-2) is connected with the coating The pipe (4-1) is connected, the head of the venturi (4-2) is connected with the fan (4-3), and the throat of the venturi (4-2) is connected with the medicine box (5). 5. A seed coating and grading machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the seed grading device (6) comprises a seed feeding hopper (6-1), a motor (6-2), a hydraulic pressure Device (6-3), seed grading screen drum (6-4), screw agitator (6-5), inoculation tray (6-6), seed box (6-7), steering wheel (6-8), all The seed grading sieve cylinder (6-4) is mounted on the frame (1) through bearings, and a steering wheel (6-8) capable of being rotated is installed at one end of the seed grading sieve cylinder (6-4). A seed feeding hopper (6-1) is installed on the sieve cylinder (6-4), and the seed grading sieve cylinder (6-4) is provided with three kinds of sieve holes in the circumferential direction, and there are three kinds of sieve holes between the sieve holes of each pore size. distance, a screw agitator (6-5) is installed in the seed grading sieve cylinder (6-4), the screw agitator (6-5) is connected with the motor (6-2), and the seed grading sieve cylinder (6-4) is The lower frame (1) is provided with an inoculation tray (6-6), and the inoculation tray (6-6) is connected with a hydraulic device (6-3) that is fixedly installed on the frame (1) and can be tilted. A seed box (6-7) is provided below the end of (6-6).

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