CN211630103U - Speed-adjustable driver with coupled inductor booster - Google Patents

Speed-adjustable driver with coupled inductor booster Download PDF

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CN211630103U
CN211630103U CN202020525331.8U CN202020525331U CN211630103U CN 211630103 U CN211630103 U CN 211630103U CN 202020525331 U CN202020525331 U CN 202020525331U CN 211630103 U CN211630103 U CN 211630103U
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diode
capacitor
module
controller
booster
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丁凯
胡畔
李伟
王易
钱一民
陈乔
柳丹
方定江
吴汉斌
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State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model provides a take adjustable speed driver of coupling inductance booster, rectifier module, coupling inductance booster, direct current loop module, contravariant module, the induction machine that connect gradually including the controller, the contravariant module adopts three-phase inverter, the inverter moduleThe coupled inductor booster comprises a power switch S and a filter capacitor CinCapacitor C1Capacitor C2Capacitor C3Coupled inductor L1Coupled inductor L2Diode D1Diode D2Diode D3Diode D4Diode D5(ii) a And the control end of the power switch S is connected with the first output end of the controller and is used for receiving the switch control signal output by the controller. The utility model discloses based on the response of adjustable speed driver under the condition of voltage sag, adopt the topological structure who takes coupling inductance booster, can effectively avoid receiving the influence because of the rotational speed that the energy of sag leads to descends and industrial process.

Description

Speed-adjustable driver with coupled inductor booster
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a but speed regulation driver technical field specifically is a but speed regulation driver of band coupling inductance booster.
Background
Adjustable Speed Drives (ASD) are commonly used to control the rotational Speed of rotating equipment by converting a voltage of fixed amplitude and frequency to a voltage that varies with the needs of the industrial process. The speed-adjustable driver is often used for adjusting the rotating speed of an alternating current motor, is the most ideal speed-adjusting scheme of the alternating current motor, and due to the characteristics of soft start, remote communication and control, self-diagnosis and easy maintenance, obvious energy-saving effect and the like, the variable-frequency speed-adjusting system plays an important role in the industries of electric power, textile and chemical fiber, building materials, petroleum, chemical engineering, metallurgy, paper making, food and beverage, tobacco and the like and public engineering (central air conditioning, water supply, water treatment, elevators and the like) and becomes an indispensable important device, as shown in fig. 1.
The phenomenon that the effective value of the power grid voltage drops to 90% -1% of the rated voltage within a short time (10ms-1min) due to short circuit faults, large motor starting and the like of a power transmission line is called voltage sag. ASDs, which are typically complex, non-linear power electronics, are very sensitive to voltage sags, so that voltage sags and short interruptions in the supply voltage will affect the proper operation of the adjustable speed drive. While the adjustable speed drive is often part of an overall industrial system, it operates in conjunction with other electrical equipment, often to drive critical system loads. In a continuous industrial process, a malfunction (or malfunction) of an ASD may cause a production process to be interrupted due to a voltage sag, causing severe economic losses, and even equipment damage. Statistically, the average process interruption cost for a plant using a variable speed drive is about 8 times that of the same industry that does not use a variable speed drive. And during a sag, it may cause equipment with adjustable speed drives, such as conveyor belts, central air conditioners, elevators, etc., to malfunction, which involves not only economic losses but also more serious safety problems. The improvement of the voltage sag tolerance of the ASD is a common concern in the industry and academia.
As shown in fig. 2, the conventional adjustable speed drive can be divided into four parts as a whole: the device comprises a rectification module, a direct current loop module, an inversion module and a controller.
A rectification module: the main function is to rectify the power frequency current input by the power grid and to carry out the first step of frequency conversion regulation, the rectified DC voltage is stabilized at a certain value under the steady state condition, and the voltage provides the needed DC power supply for the post-stage DC loop module and the inversion module. The rectification module has uncontrollable and full control according to practical application conditions, and the difference is that the power of the speed-adjustable driver is different and the type of the rectification module is different.
A direct current loop module: the voltage output by the preceding stage rectification module is stabilized within a certain range, and the normal and stable work of the rear inversion module is ensured. When the sag occurs, the voltage of the dc capacitor is reduced because the voltage amplitude at the input terminal is reduced. Meanwhile, the energy storage device can be used as a small energy storage unit and used as a power supply of a control loop. In practical applications, the capacitance of the dc loop module is generally large to ensure the effect of voltage stabilization.
An inversion module: the inversion module is an important link for realizing voltage transformation and frequency conversion by the speed-adjustable driver, the direct-current voltage output by the rectification module is converted into a series of square signals with different duty ratios under the action of a gate trigger signal through the inversion module, and the action effect of the inversion module is the same as that of a sine signal according to the principle that impulse is equal. Therefore, the variable-frequency speed regulation device is used for realizing variable-frequency speed regulation of the motor. When the input voltage of the induction motor is reduced to the threshold value, the inverter cannot work normally, and therefore the normal work of the induction motor is influenced. This is the main reason why an adjustable speed drive does not work properly due to a voltage sag.
A controller: the main function of the inverter module is to generate a gate driving signal required by a frequency converter in the inverter module through detecting a current signal, a rotating speed signal, an electromagnetic torque signal and a direct current loop voltage signal of a driver and a built-in control algorithm and a reference value, and simultaneously, the whole inverter module and a motor are protected through a series of protection modules.
In the operation process, power flows from the rectifying module to the direct current capacitor in the direct current loop module, part of energy is stored in the direct current capacitor and flows to the induction motor through the inverter, and the voltage with fixed frequency and amplitude is converted into the voltage with adjustable frequency and amplitude in the process. The controller controls various electrical quantities of the power circuit, protects the whole speed-adjustable driver, and controls the running state of the driver through a switch or a contactor and a driving signal.
Under the condition of suffering voltage sag, the speed-adjustable driver can cause the voltage of a direct current loop module to be reduced due to the short-term cutoff of a diode at an input end and the lack of energy input, the rotating speed of a motor is reduced, large charging current can be generated during the recovery of the sag, and the speed-adjustable driver can be tripped under the serious condition, so that the whole industrial process is interrupted.
Therefore, the existing adjustable speed drive can cause performance reduction, such as reduction of rotating speed and reduction of torque, due to the loss of energy under the condition of voltage sag, thereby influencing industrial production process and causing huge economic loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides an above-mentioned not enough to prior art exists, the utility model provides a but take speed regulation driver of coupling inductance booster can solve the problem that but speed regulation driver is not enough to the endurance of voltage sag, realizes the voltage sag ride through ability of but speed regulation driver.
The utility model provides a take adjustable speed driver of coupling inductance booster, includes controller and rectifier module, direct current loop module, contravariant module, the induction machine who connects gradually, its characterized in that: the direct current circuit module is connected with the rectifier module in series, and the direct current circuit module is connected with the rectifier module in seriesinCapacitor C1Capacitor C2Capacitor C3Coupled inductor L1Coupled inductor L2Diode D1Diode D2Diode D3Diode D4Diode D5(ii) a Filter capacitor CinAre connected in parallel at the output end of the rectifier module, and are coupled with an inductor L1Is connected with the filter capacitor C after being connected with the power switch S in seriesinParallel connected, filter capacitor CinAnode and diode D1Diode D2Diode D3Diode D4The direct current loop modules are connected in series in sequence and then connected; coupling inductor L2End of same name and coupling inductance L1The node of the power switch S is connected; capacitor C1Connected to a diode D1Cathode and inductor L2Between the synonyms of; capacitor C3Connected to a diode D3Cathode and inductor L2Between the synonyms of; diode D2Cathode of (2) through a capacitor C2Connected to the negative electrode of the coupled inductor booster, and the power switchAnd the control end of the switch S is connected with the first output end of the controller and is used for receiving the switch control signal output by the controller.
Further, the power switch S adopts an IGBT.
Furthermore, the inversion module adopts a three-phase inverter, and a gate of the three-phase inverter is connected with a second output end of the controller and is used for receiving a gate control signal output by the controller.
Further, a voltage output end of the rectification module and a signal input end of the induction motor are connected with a controller, the controller obtains a direct current loop voltage signal from the rectification module, and obtains a current signal, a motor rotating speed signal and an electromagnetic torque signal of the motor from the induction motor.
Further, the rectifier module adopts an uncontrollable rectifier bridge.
Further, the dc loop module employs a dc capacitor.
The utility model discloses based on the response of adjustable speed driver under the condition of voltage sag, adopt the topological structure who takes coupling inductance booster, when the controller detects the sag and takes place to lead to rectifier bridge output voltage to descend the setting value, the controller is through the trigger pulse who gives the switching device of converter, control converter work, rise the rated voltage value under the direct current loop module steady state condition with the low-voltage, continue to maintain the normal work of dc-to-ac converter, can effectively avoid because of the sag of the rotational speed that the energy of sag leads to and industrial process receives the influence.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application of an adjustable speed drive;
FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a prior art adjustable speed drive;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the adjustable speed drive with coupled inductor booster of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the intermediate coupled inductor booster of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the coupled inductor booster of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is the actual current flow diagram under steady state operation of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a current actual flow diagram of the mode 1 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a current actual flow diagram of mode 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a speed-adjustable driver with a coupled inductor booster, which includes a controller, and a rectifier module, a coupled inductor booster, a dc loop module, an inverter module, and an induction motor, which are connected in sequence. Compared with the speed-adjustable driver, the speed-adjustable driver with the coupling inductance booster has the advantages that signals needing to be acquired by the controller are unchanged, and are current signals, rotating speed signals, electromagnetic torque signals and direct-current loop voltage signals; the output signals include the switch control signals of the coupled inductor booster in addition to the gate control signals of the three-phase inverter.
The rectifier module can adopt an uncontrollable rectifier bridge, the direct current loop module adopts a direct current capacitor, the inverter module adopts a three-phase inverter, and the controller adopts a vector control strategy.
Referring further to fig. 4, the coupling inductor booster is connected in series between the rectifier module and the dc loop module, and the topology thereof includes: power switch S (generally adopting IGBT) and filter capacitor CinCapacitor (C)1-C3) Coupled inductor (L)1And L2) Diode (D)1-D5). Filter capacitor CinAre connected in parallel at the output end of the rectifier module, and are coupled with an inductor L1Is connected with the filter capacitor C after being connected with the power switch S in seriesinParallel connected, filter capacitor CinAnode and diode D1Diode D2Diode D3Diode D4The direct current loop modules are connected in series in sequence and then connected; coupling inductor L2End of same name and coupling inductance L1The node of the power switch S is connected; capacitor C1Connected to a diode D1Cathode and inductor L2Between the synonyms of; capacitor C3Connected to a diode D3Cathode and inductor L2Between the synonyms of; diode D2Cathode of (2) through a capacitor C2Is connected to the negative electrode of the booster. The specific parameter selection of each device is selected according to the actual power requirement. The control end of a power switch S is connected with the first output end of the controller and used for receiving the switch control signal output by the controller, the gate pole of a three-phase inverter in the inversion module is connected with the second output end of the controller and used for receiving the gate pole control signal output by the controller, the voltage output end of the rectification module is connected with the signal input end of the induction motor and the controller, the controller obtains a direct current loop voltage signal from the rectification module, and obtains a current signal and a motor rotating speed signal of the motor from the induction motor. The equivalent circuit of the boost link is shown in fig. 5.
The operation principle is explained according to fig. 4 and 5, and the following assumptions are made:
neglecting the coupled inductance (L)1And L2) In the method, all other devices are regarded as ideal devices, and the influence of parasitic parameters is not considered;
capacitor C1-C3Sufficiently large that the capacitor voltage is assumed to be constant during one switching cycle; capacitor CinIs a filter capacitor;
excitation inductance LmLarge enough, the excitation current is continuous;
coupling inductor (L)1And L2) The coupling coefficient k is 1, and the turn ratio N is N2/N1。
In a steady state:
the coupled inductor booster is not active, which is equivalent to being shorted out, as shown in fig. 5. Ignoring diode of the booster (D)1-D5) Conduction voltage drop, diode (D) due to charging and discharging of DC capacitor1-D5) At the output voltage (V) of the rectifier bridgein) Higher than the DC loop module voltage (V)ought) Time is cut off; when the voltage of the DC loop module is lower than the output voltage of the rectifier bridge, the diode (D)1-D5) And conducting. Thus not preventing the normal operation of the original adjustable speed drive.
Under the condition of temporary descending:
when the controller detects that the output voltage of the rectifier bridge is reduced to a set value due to the temporary drop, the controller controls the converter to work by giving a trigger pulse of a switching device of the converter, and the coupled inductor booster works in a current continuous mode (namely, the inductor L)1Is always greater than 0). And raising the low voltage to a rated voltage value under the steady-state condition of the direct-current loop module, and continuously maintaining the normal work of the inverter so that the induction motor M outputs normal torque and rotating speed. The speed-adjustable driver with the coupled inductance voltage booster under the sag condition has 2 modes, and the main working process of each mode is as follows:
mode 1[ t ]0-t1]: as shown in fig. 6, the rectifier module is still turned on, the power switch S is turned on, and the diode D is turned on1、D3On, D2、D0And (6) turning off. In this mode, the inductor L is excitedmAbsorbing energy from rectifier module, exciting current filmAnd (4) rising. Simultaneous secondary side current iN2And starts to grow. Output voltage V of rectifier moduleinThrough a power switch S and a diode D1And a coupling inductor (L)1And L2) Secondary side, supply capacitor C1And (6) charging. Excitation inductance LmBy coupling of an inductor (L)1And L2) And a capacitor C2Together supply a capacitor C3And (6) charging. When t is equal to t1At this time, the power switch S is turned off, and this mode ends. The inversion module supplies power through the direct current loop module at the stage.
Mode 2[ t ]1-t2]: as shown in fig. 7, the rectifier module remains on, the power switch S is off, and the diode D2、D0On, D1、D3And (6) turning off. In this mode, the network, the coupling inductance (L)1And L2) And a capacitor C1Together supply a capacitor C2And (5) supplying power. Exciting inductive current filmAnd begins to fall. At the same time, the network, the coupling inductance (L)1And L2) And a capacitor C3Are loaded in opposite directionsAnd side power supply. When t is equal to t2When the power switch S is turned on again, the mode ends and the converter starts to work in a new switching cycle.
When the temporary reduction is finished, the controller detects that the output voltage of the rectifier module is recovered to a rated value, the power switch S is controlled to be turned off, so that the boosting loop is short-circuited again, and the speed-adjustable driver with the coupled inductor booster works under a steady-state condition.
Description of the boosting Performance:
in the switching mode 1, as shown in fig. 6, the power switch S is turned on, and the following results are obtained:
VLm-charge＝kVin(1)
Figure BDA0002447178820000078
Figure BDA0002447178820000079
in switching mode 2, as shown in fig. 7, the power switch S is turned off, and it can be obtained:
Figure BDA0002447178820000071
Figure BDA0002447178820000072
from formula 4, one can obtain:
Figure BDA0002447178820000073
the voltage balance principle is used for obtaining:
Figure BDA0002447178820000074
where D is the duty cycle of the power switch S.
VC1＝(1+nk)Vin(8)
From the formulae (7) and (8)
Figure BDA0002447178820000075
From the formulae (3) and (9)
Figure BDA0002447178820000076
The numerical relation between the output voltage and the input voltage when the converter works in the current continuous mode can be calculated by the above equations (1) to (10):
Figure BDA0002447178820000077
the boost gain ratio of the converter can be obtained by the assumed conditions as follows:
Figure BDA0002447178820000081
as can be seen from equation (13), when the turn ratio of the coupled inductor in the coupled inductor booster is small (1 or 2), the overall gain of the converter is still high, and therefore the capability of outputting the rated voltage at a low sag can be achieved. Meanwhile, smooth adjustment among different gains can be realized by adjusting the duty ratio of the power switch so as to face different voltage sag amplitudes.
The above description is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are all covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A speed-adjustable driver with a coupling inductance booster comprises a controller and sequentially connected rectifier modulesPiece, direct current loop module, contravariant module, induction motor, its characterized in that: the direct current circuit module is connected with the rectifier module in series, and the direct current circuit module is connected with the rectifier module in seriesinCapacitor C1Capacitor C2Capacitor C3Coupled inductor L1Coupled inductor L2Diode D1Diode D2Diode D3Diode D4Diode D5(ii) a Filter capacitor CinAre connected in parallel at the output end of the rectifier module, and are coupled with an inductor L1Is connected with the filter capacitor C after being connected with the power switch S in seriesinParallel connected, filter capacitor CinAnode and diode D1Diode D2Diode D3Diode D4The direct current loop modules are connected in series in sequence and then connected; coupling inductor L2End of same name and coupling inductance L1The node of the power switch S is connected; capacitor C1Connected to a diode D1Cathode and inductor L2Between the synonyms of; capacitor C3Connected to a diode D3Cathode and inductor L2Between the synonyms of; diode D2Cathode of (2) through a capacitor C2And the control end of the power switch S is connected with the first output end of the controller and is used for receiving a switch control signal output by the controller.
2. The adjustable speed drive with coupled inductor booster of claim 1 wherein: the power switch S adopts an IGBT.
3. The adjustable speed drive with coupled inductor booster of claim 1 wherein: the inversion module adopts a three-phase inverter, and a gate pole of the three-phase inverter is connected with a second output end of the controller and used for receiving a gate pole control signal output by the controller.
4. The adjustable speed drive with coupled inductor booster of claim 1 wherein: the voltage output end of the rectification module is connected with the signal input end of the induction motor and the controller, the controller obtains a direct current loop voltage signal from the rectification module, and obtains a current signal, a motor rotating speed signal and an electromagnetic torque signal of the motor from the induction motor.
5. The adjustable speed drive with coupled inductor booster of claim 1 wherein: the rectifier module adopts an uncontrollable rectifier bridge.
6. The adjustable speed drive with coupled inductor booster of claim 1 wherein: the direct current loop module adopts a direct current capacitor.
CN202020525331.8U 2020-04-12 2020-04-12 Speed-adjustable driver with coupled inductor booster Active CN211630103U (en)

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