CN211629851U - Hardware protection circuit and power utilization system - Google Patents
Hardware protection circuit and power utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN211629851U CN211629851U CN202020419794.6U CN202020419794U CN211629851U CN 211629851 U CN211629851 U CN 211629851U CN 202020419794 U CN202020419794 U CN 202020419794U CN 211629851 U CN211629851 U CN 211629851U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hardware protection circuit and power consumption system. Wherein, this hardware protection circuit includes: a control chip and an operational amplifier; the operational amplifier comprises a non-inverting input end, an inverting input end and an output end, wherein the inverting input end is used as the input of the hardware protection circuit, and the output end is used as the output of the hardware protection circuit; the control chip includes: the first sampling module is connected to the in-phase input end and used for acquiring a first sampling value; and the signal generation module is connected to the first sampling module and the in-phase input end and used for generating a preset signal according to a preset reference value and the first sampling value and outputting the preset signal to the in-phase input end. The utility model sets the protection value through the control chip, and has high precision; for different circuits to be protected, different protection values can be generated by changing the preset reference value, hardware does not need to be changed, and the universality is good; and a first sampling module is utilized to form closed-loop feedback control of the protection value, so that the accuracy and stability of the setting of the protection value are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of circuits, particularly, relate to a hardware protection circuit and power consumption system.
Background
In power electronic control systems, various protection circuits are required. For example, hardware-based protection circuits such as current, voltage, etc. are required in compressor or motor control systems.
As shown in fig. 1, for a conventional hardware protection circuit, a reference voltage (i.e., a value of a non-inverting Input terminal of an operational amplifier, also referred to as a protection value) is set by dividing a voltage through resistors R5 and R6, a detected actual voltage Input is Input as a base value of an Input-side voltage through an inverting Input terminal of the operational amplifier, and when the Input voltage Input is greater than the reference voltage, an output level of the operational amplifier jumps to trigger protection.
The hardware protection circuit has the following defects: the precision is low, for example, the voltage division result is changed due to the fluctuation of the power supply voltage, the protection value is changed, and the protection effect is influenced; the universality is poor, the protection value is set by resistance voltage division, different compressors or motors are adapted to circuit boards of different power grades or the same driving plate, and the voltage division resistance is required to be replaced when the protection value is set.
Aiming at the problems of low precision and poor universality of a hardware protection circuit in the prior art, an effective solution is not provided at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An embodiment of the utility model provides a hardware protection circuit and electrical system equipment to solve among the prior art problem that the hardware protection circuit precision is low, the commonality is poor.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hardware protection circuit, which is characterized in that, include: a control chip and an operational amplifier;
the operational amplifier comprises a non-inverting input end, an inverting input end and an output end, wherein the inverting input end is used as the input of the hardware protection circuit, and the output end is used as the output of the hardware protection circuit;
the control chip comprises a first sampling module and a signal generating module;
the first sampling module is connected to the non-inverting input end and used for acquiring a first sampling value;
the signal generation module is connected to the first sampling module and the in-phase input end, and is used for generating a preset signal according to a preset reference value and the first sampling value, and outputting the preset signal to the in-phase input end to set a protection value.
Optionally, the signal generating module includes:
the arithmetic unit is connected to the first sampling module and used for calculating the difference value between the preset reference value and the first sampling value;
the PI controller is connected to the arithmetic unit and is used for carrying out proportional integral control on the difference value to obtain an output result;
and the signal generator is connected between the PI controller and the non-inverting input end and used for generating a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal according to the output result and outputting the PWM signal to the non-inverting input end.
Optionally, the signal generating module further includes: and the proportional amplifier is connected between the first sampling module and the arithmetic unit and is used for carrying out proportional adjustment on the first sampling value.
Optionally, the signal generating module is connected to the non-inverting input terminal through a first resistor, and one end of the first resistor connected to the non-inverting input terminal is grounded through a first capacitor.
Optionally, the inverting input terminal is connected to the detection signal terminal through a second resistor, and one end of the second resistor connected to the inverting input terminal is grounded through a second capacitor.
Optionally, the control chip further includes: the second sampling module is connected to the inverted input end and used for acquiring a second sampling value when the level of the output end jumps; and the storage module is connected to the second sampling module and used for storing the second sampling value.
Optionally, the inverting input terminal is further grounded through a third resistor and a fourth resistor connected in series; the control chip further comprises: the third sampling module is connected to a connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor and used for acquiring a third sampling value when the second sampling value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value; the storage module is further connected to the third sampling module and is used for storing the third sampling value.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide an electric system, include: the embodiment of the utility model provides a hardware protection circuit.
By applying the technical scheme of the utility model, the protection value is set through the control chip, and the precision is high in a mode of setting the protection value relative to the resistance voltage division; for different circuits to be protected, different protection values can be generated by changing the preset reference value, the protection values are adjustable, hardware does not need to be changed, and the universality is good; and a first sampling module is utilized to form closed-loop feedback control of the protection value, so that the accuracy and stability of the setting of the protection value are further ensured. When protection occurs, the related sampling value is obtained and stored, and the subsequent investigation of the protection reason is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art hardware protection circuit;
fig. 2 is a first schematic structural diagram of a hardware protection circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal generation module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hardware protection circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram three of a hardware protection circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a hardware protection circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a specific schematic diagram of a hardware protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a specific schematic diagram of protection value setting and closed-loop control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a hardware protection method according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a specific flowchart of a hardware protection method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
The present embodiment provides a hardware protection circuit capable of improving the accuracy of hardware protection and having versatility. Referring to fig. 2, the hardware protection circuit of the present embodiment includes: a control chip 10 and an operational amplifier 20.
The operational amplifier 20 includes a non-inverting input (+), an inverting input (-) and an Output (Output), the non-inverting input is used as the input of the hardware protection circuit (i.e. the input is the actual detection signal of the circuit to be protected, such as the motor current or the compressor current, etc.), the non-inverting input is used for setting the protection value, and the Output is used as the Output of the hardware protection circuit. The operational amplifier further includes a power supply terminal (VCC) and a ground terminal. When the input of the hardware protection circuit is larger than the protection value of the in-phase input end, the level of the output end jumps to trigger protection.
The control chip 10 includes a first sampling module 11 and a signal generating module 12.
The first sampling module 11 is connected to the non-inverting input end and used for acquiring a first sampling value;
and the signal generating module 12 is connected to the first sampling module 11 and the non-inverting input terminal, and is configured to generate a preset signal according to the preset reference value and the first sampling value, and output the preset signal to the non-inverting input terminal to implement setting of the protection value.
The preset reference value refers to a protection value to be set, and the preset signal is a signal which is output by the signal generation module and used for providing the protection value.
According to the embodiment, the precision of the hardware protection circuit is improved by setting the protection value through the control chip in a mode of setting the protection value relative to the resistor voltage division; for different circuits to be protected, different protection values can be generated by changing the preset reference value, hardware does not need to be changed, and the universality is good; and a first sampling module is utilized to form closed-loop feedback control of the protection value, so that the accuracy and stability of the setting of the protection value are further ensured.
Referring to fig. 3, the signal generation module 12 includes:
an operator 121, connected to the first sampling module 11, for calculating a difference between a preset reference value (Uref) and the first sampling value;
the PI controller 122 is connected to the arithmetic unit 121, and is configured to perform proportional-integral control on the difference value to obtain an output result;
and a signal generator 123 connected between the PI controller 122 and the non-inverting input terminal, for generating a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal according to the output result and outputting the PWM signal to the non-inverting input terminal.
The embodiment utilizes the first sampling module, the arithmetic unit, the PI controller and the signal generator to form protection value setting and closed-loop control logic thereof, and PWM signals with different duty ratios are generated to generate different voltage protection values, so that the accuracy and stability of the protection value setting are ensured.
Considering that attenuation may exist in the signal if the sampling position of the first sampling module is far from the control chip, the present embodiment provides a proportional amplifier to ensure the accuracy of the sampling value. Specifically, the signal generating module further includes: and the proportional amplifier is connected between the first sampling module and the arithmetic unit and is used for carrying out proportional adjustment on the first sampling value. The ratio of the ratio amplifier is specifically set according to the arrangement of the sampling positions when the circuit is designed, for example, if the sampling position of the first sampling module is far away from the control chip, the ratio can be set to 1.13 by calculation.
As shown in fig. 4, the signal generating module is connected to the non-inverting input terminal through a first resistor R1, and one end of the first resistor R1 connected to the non-inverting input terminal is grounded through a first capacitor C1. When the control chip provides a protection value signal for the in-phase input end, other signal interference can be avoided through RC filtering, and the anti-interference capability is improved. The selection of R1 and C1 is designed according to the frequency response formula of the RC circuit and the actual PWM switching frequency, and aims to change the PWM square wave signal into a stable voltage value through filtering.
The inverting Input terminal is connected to the detection signal terminal (Input) through a second resistor R2, and one end of the second resistor connected to the inverting Input terminal is grounded through a second capacitor C2. The detection signal terminal (Input) may be an actual detection signal of the circuit to be protected, such as a motor current or a compressor current, etc., as an Input of the hardware protection circuit. The anti-interference capability of signals can be improved through RC filtering. The selection of R2 and C2 is designed according to the frequency response formula of the RC circuit for the purpose of filtering the input signal.
As shown in fig. 5, the control chip further includes:
the second sampling module 13 is connected to the inverting input terminal, and is used for acquiring a second sampling value when the level of the output terminal jumps;
and a storage module 14 connected to the second sampling module 13 for storing the second sampled value.
When protection occurs (i.e. a level jump at the output of the operational amplifier), the sampling of the second sample value is triggered and recorded. The second sampling value is the value of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the value is obtained to facilitate subsequent troubleshooting of the protection reason.
Further, referring to fig. 6, the inverting input terminal is also connected to ground through a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4 connected in series; the control chip further comprises: the third sampling module 15 is connected to a connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor, and is used for acquiring a third sampling value when the second sampling value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value; the storage module 14 is further connected to the third sampling module 15 for storing the third sampled value.
The preset threshold is a value slightly smaller than the power supply voltage of the control chip, for example, the power supply voltage of the control chip is 3.3V, and the preset threshold is set to be 3V. If the second sampling value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value, the second sampling value is about to reach a saturation value (namely, the power supply voltage of the control chip), and if the second sampling value reaches the saturation value, sampling cannot be performed, so that protection reason analysis cannot be performed according to the sampling value. Therefore, in the embodiment, when the second sampling value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, sampling of the third sampling value is triggered, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are used for dividing voltage, the Input signal is reduced to be below the power supply voltage of the control chip according to a certain proportion, for example, reduced to 0-3.3V, so as to be sampled smoothly, and after the third sampling value is obtained and recorded, the Input signal value when protection occurs can be calculated according to the sampling value, so that the reason for protection can be checked conveniently. The proportional relationship between R3 and R4 needs to be designed according to actual current levels and actual testing.
In practical application, the second sampling value and the third sampling value can be sampled for multiple times, and the sampling is stopped until the input signal cannot be detected (indicating that the protection is finished). Specifically, when the protection occurs, the second sampling value can be obtained by sampling for multiple times, and when the second sampling value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value, the third sampling value can be obtained by sampling for multiple times.
Exemplarily, referring to fig. 7 and 8, the setting of the protection value is specifically as follows: according to the protection value to be set, a preset reference value Uref (specifically equal to the protection value) is given, the difference between Uref and the first sampling value (sampling value of ADC sampling 1) is made by using an arithmetic unit 121, the difference value is processed by a PI controller 122 and then a voltage is output, then a PWM signal generator 123 generates a PWM pulse according to the voltage, a direct current voltage is formed after RC filtering 124 (specifically corresponding to R1 and C1), and the direct current voltage is fed back to a control chip through AD sampling to form closed-loop control. Thereby realizing accurate and stable protection value setting. K denotes a proportional amplifier.
When protection occurs, the ADC sample 2 is triggered first and the data is recorded. When the second sampling value (i.e. the sampling value of ADC sample 2) is greater than or equal to 3.0V, it indicates that ADC sample 2 is about to reach the saturation value (3.3V), and at this time, ADC sample 3 is triggered and data is recorded. ADC sample 3 exists in the sense that: when the Input voltage is greater than the power supply voltage (generally 3.3V) of the control chip, the value obtained by ADC sampling 3 is a sampling value after voltage division through R3 and R4 resistors, the Input voltage can be reduced to 0-3.3V according to a certain proportion, and therefore smooth sampling when protection occurs is guaranteed, and protection reason analysis is carried out according to the sampling value.
Example two
The present embodiment provides an electric system, including: the hardware protection circuit described in the above embodiments.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides a hardware protection method, which can be implemented based on the hardware protection circuit described in the foregoing embodiment. The same or corresponding terms as those of the above-described embodiments are explained, and the description of the present embodiment is omitted. Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a hardware protection method according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 9, the method includes the following steps:
and S901, acquiring a first sampling value from a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier.
And S902, generating a preset signal according to a preset reference value and the first sampling value.
And S903, outputting a preset signal to a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier to realize the setting of the protection value.
Compared with the mode of setting the protection value by dividing the resistance voltage, the protection value is set by setting the preset reference value by the control chip, so that the precision of the hardware protection circuit is improved; for different circuits to be protected, different protection values can be generated by changing the preset reference value, hardware does not need to be changed, and the universality is good; and closed-loop feedback control of the protection value is formed by utilizing the first sampling value, so that the accuracy and stability of the setting of the protection value are further ensured.
Specifically, generating the preset signal according to the preset reference value and the first sampling value includes: calculating a difference value between a preset reference value and a first sampling value; carrying out proportional integral control on the difference value to obtain an output result; and generating a PWM signal according to the output result. The embodiment forms protection value setting and closed-loop control logic thereof, and different voltage protection values are generated by generating PWM signals with different duty ratios, so that the accuracy and stability of the protection value setting are ensured.
In an optional embodiment, the method further comprises: and if the level jump of the output end of the operational amplifier is detected, acquiring a second sampling value from the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and storing the second sampling value. When protection occurs (i.e. a level jump at the output of the operational amplifier), the sampling of the second sample value is triggered and recorded. The second sampling value is the value of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the value is obtained to facilitate subsequent troubleshooting of the protection reason.
Further, after the second sampling value is obtained from the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the method further includes: if the second sampling value is larger than or equal to the preset threshold value, a third sampling value is obtained and stored, wherein the inverting input end is grounded through a third resistor and a fourth resistor which are connected in series, and the sampling position of the third sampling value is a connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor. In the embodiment, under the condition that the second sampling value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the sampling of the third sampling value is triggered, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are used for dividing voltage, the Input signal is reduced to be below the power supply voltage of the control chip according to a certain proportion, for example, the voltage is reduced to 0-3.3V, so that the sampling is smooth, the third sampling value is obtained and recorded, and the Input signal value when the protection occurs can be calculated according to the sampling value, so that the protection reason is conveniently checked.
In an optional embodiment, after detecting the level jump of the output terminal of the operational amplifier, the method further includes: and setting the control protection flag bit. And a protection zone bit is set, so that the protection state of the power utilization system can be conveniently known.
Referring to fig. 10, for a circuit to be protected, a protection value is set according to actual requirements, if protection occurs, sampling of a second sampling value is triggered first, and if the second sampling value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, sampling of a third sampling value is triggered; the protection flag is set and the sampled value is saved for analysis of the protection cause.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (8)
1. A hardware protection circuit, comprising: a control chip and an operational amplifier;
the operational amplifier comprises a non-inverting input end, an inverting input end and an output end, wherein the inverting input end is used as the input of the hardware protection circuit, and the output end is used as the output of the hardware protection circuit;
the control chip comprises a first sampling module and a signal generating module;
the first sampling module is connected to the non-inverting input end and used for acquiring a first sampling value;
the signal generation module is connected to the first sampling module and the in-phase input end, and is used for generating a preset signal according to a preset reference value and the first sampling value, and outputting the preset signal to the in-phase input end to set a protection value.
2. The hardware protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the signal generation module comprises:
the arithmetic unit is connected to the first sampling module and used for calculating the difference value between the preset reference value and the first sampling value;
the PI controller is connected to the arithmetic unit and is used for carrying out proportional integral control on the difference value to obtain an output result;
and the signal generator is connected between the PI controller and the non-inverting input end and used for generating a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal according to the output result and outputting the PWM signal to the non-inverting input end.
3. The hardware protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the signal generation module further comprises:
and the proportional amplifier is connected between the first sampling module and the arithmetic unit and is used for carrying out proportional adjustment on the first sampling value.
4. The hardware protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the signal generation module is connected to the non-inverting input terminal through a first resistor, and one end of the first resistor connected to the non-inverting input terminal is grounded through a first capacitor.
5. The hardware protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the inverting input terminal is connected to the detection signal terminal through a second resistor, and a terminal of the second resistor connected to the inverting input terminal is grounded through a second capacitor.
6. The hardware protection circuit of any of claims 1-5, wherein the control chip further comprises:
the second sampling module is connected to the inverted input end and used for acquiring a second sampling value when the level of the output end jumps;
and the storage module is connected to the second sampling module and used for storing the second sampling value.
7. The hardware protection circuit of claim 6, wherein the inverting input is further connected to ground through a third resistor and a fourth resistor connected in series;
the control chip further comprises: the third sampling module is connected to a connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor and used for acquiring a third sampling value when the second sampling value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value;
the storage module is further connected to the third sampling module and is used for storing the third sampling value.
8. An electrical system, comprising: the hardware protection circuit of any of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN202020419794.6U CN211629851U (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Hardware protection circuit and power utilization system |
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| CN202020419794.6U CN211629851U (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Hardware protection circuit and power utilization system |
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