CN211623426U - Safe and efficient hidden broken residual ore mining structure based on extra-pulse mining and quasi-exploration mining combination - Google Patents
Safe and efficient hidden broken residual ore mining structure based on extra-pulse mining and quasi-exploration mining combination Download PDFInfo
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- CN211623426U CN211623426U CN201921798346.5U CN201921798346U CN211623426U CN 211623426 U CN211623426 U CN 211623426U CN 201921798346 U CN201921798346 U CN 201921798346U CN 211623426 U CN211623426 U CN 211623426U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a safe and efficient hidden broken residual ore mining structure based on the combination of extra-pulse mining and accurate exploration mining, which comprises ore blocks divided along the direction of residual ore, wherein the ore blocks are divided into two high sections along the height direction of an ore body in a stage, and a spacing column is reserved between the ore blocks; an intra-vein ore exploring drift arranged along the trend of the ore vein at the bottom of the ore body and an intra-vein exploration drift running vertically; the bottom of the ore body is also provided with an extravenal transportation drift and a mineral removal route; a high subsection rock drilling gallery is arranged in the center of each high subsection; and arranging fan-shaped exploration drill holes in each high-subsection rock drilling gallery, wherein the exploration drill holes and the exploration gallery at the bottom of the ore body form a three-dimensional cross exploration network. The utility model discloses the application is along with adopting along with visiting, and the pulse is adopted accurately outward, and the directional meticulous blasting technique of medium-length hole solves the incomplete ore exploration degree of stealthy low, and safe mining technological problem such as ore body breakage, workman keep away from dead zone exposed surface and broken ore body all the time at the operation in-process, and it is low to have the loss of resources dilution rate, and the security is high, advantage such as mining efficiency height.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a safe high-efficient mining structure of broken incomplete ore deposit of stealthy based on accurate exploration of pulse external sampling combines.
Background
Mineral resources are important non-renewable natural resources, are basic material materials for national economic construction, and the guarantee degree of the mineral resources is related to the long-term stable development of national economy and national safety. China is one of a few countries with complete mineral resource types and abundant reserves in the world, the per-capita occupation of mineral resources is relatively small, and the contradiction that the reserves of the mineral resources are insufficient in China is increasingly prominent in the face of the huge demand of national economic construction. The ministry of homeland resources puts "saving and intensive utilization of homeland resources" as a core task, and develops comprehensive saving and efficient utilization management system measures and standard construction of mineral resources by advancing and implementing.
The term "tailings" refers to the part of sporadic ore bodies remaining in the main mining area of the mine for historical reasons after the mine is basically mined. In the fifth and sixty years of the last century, metal mining in China is gradually developed by using a mining technology system of the Soviet Union for reference, and on one hand, as the development concept of national economy and the progress of a technology for comprehensively utilizing mineral natural resources are improved, ore bodies which do not have mining values at that time are left behind due to the history of mining, and the metal mining has important mining values at the current time; on the other hand, many mines in China, particularly mining mountains of people, have the serious problems of wasting useful mineral resources, such as 'mining rich and abandoning poor', 'mining easy and abandoning difficult', and the like. How to safely and efficiently recover the residual ores is one of the major technical problems which must be solved in the technical field of mining nowadays in order to recover useful mineral resources as much as possible.
According to the relevant domestic and overseas literature data, the residual ore is mined by mainly adopting methods such as a room-and-pillar method, a filling mining method, a chassis hopper method, a natural caving method and the like. The method is characterized in that the residual ores generally exist near the space group, the stability of the ore rocks is greatly damaged due to the influence of early mining disturbance, a series of disasters such as rib caving, roof caving, water inrush and the like are easily generated, and if the resources are mined by using a traditional mining method, the technical problems of low mining safety, poor personnel work efficiency, more hidden dangers of geological disasters, high secondary loss dilution rate and the like generally exist. In addition, due to the limitations of current exploration conditions, mining history and other reasons, the distribution range and scale of the residual ores cannot be accurately determined, and the distribution range of the residual ores can be better determined by further exploration and other work.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses improve above-mentioned problem, promptly the to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is that relevant mine at home and abroad mainly adopts the room column method, and fill mining method chassis funnel method, methods such as the natural caving method carry out stoping ubiquitous mining security to the incomplete ore and hang down, and personnel work efficiency is poor, and geological disasters hidden danger is many, and technical problem such as secondary loss dilution rate height.
The utility model discloses a concrete implementation scheme is: the concealed broken residual ore safe and efficient mining structure based on the combination of extra-vein mining and quasi-exploration mining comprises ore blocks divided along the direction of residual ore, wherein the ore blocks are divided into a first high section and a second high section along the height direction of an ore body in the stage, and a stud is reserved between the ore blocks; an intra-vein ore exploring drift arranged along the trend of the ore vein at the bottom of the ore body and an intra-vein exploration drift running vertically;
the bottom of the ore body is also provided with an ore removal structure, the ore removal structure comprises an extravenal transportation gallery communicated with an intra-venal exploration gallery at the same elevation, and an inclined ore removal access is arranged between the extravenal transportation gallery and the intra-venal exploration gallery;
a high subsection rock drilling gallery is arranged in the center of each high subsection; arranging fan-shaped exploration drill holes in each high-subsection rock drilling gallery, wherein the exploration drill holes and the exploration gallery at the bottom of an ore body form a three-dimensional cross exploration network;
arranging a cutting raise at one side of the ore block, close to the vertical run intravein exploration drift;
and chiseling in each high-section rock drilling gallery to form a fan-shaped medium-length hole, wherein the fan-shaped medium-length hole penetrates through the peripheral rock of the footwall vein to enter the hidden broken residual ore body, a stope drop shaft is arranged on the outer side of the vein outward transportation gallery, and a communication channel is arranged between the stope drop shaft and the vein outward transportation gallery.
Furthermore, auxiliary slope ways of all the high-section rock drilling drifts which are communicated are arranged among the high-section rock drilling drifts.
Furthermore, an upper-stage transportation roadway is arranged on the upper part of the ore body, a filling pipeline is arranged in the upper-stage transportation roadway, and a filling drill hole for filling the goaf with full tailings cemented carbide is communicated with the filling pipeline.
Furthermore, the high-section rock-drilling gallery is arranged on the lower wall of the ore body along the trend of the ore body, and the fan-shaped medium-length hole drilled by the rock-drilling gallery penetrates through the peripheral rock of the lower wall and enters the hidden broken residual ore body.
Furthermore, the width of each stud is 5-8 m, and the height of each high section is 13-16 m.
Further, the arrangement has a vertically running intra-vein exploration drift spacing of 25 m.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: the utility model discloses the application is along with adopting along with visiting, and the pulse is adopted accurately outward, and the directional meticulous blasting technique of medium-length hole solves the incomplete ore exploration degree of stealthy low, and safe mining technological problem such as ore body breakage, workman keep away from dead zone exposed surface and broken ore body all the time at the operation in-process, and it is low to have the loss of resources dilution rate, and the security is high, advantage such as mining efficiency height.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 1B-B according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 1C-C according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 1D-D according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the utility model discloses carry out full tail sand cement to collecting space area and fill state schematic diagram.
In the figure: 1-vein external transportation flat roadway 2-ore removal route 3-ore blasting 4-residual ore segmented boundary 5-stud 6-exploration drilling 7-sector medium-length hole 8-high segmented rock drilling gallery 9-upper stage transportation roadway 10-vein internal exploration gallery 11-connecting channel 12-hidden residual ore 13-cutting raise 14-stope draw shaft 15-vein internal exploration gallery 16-residual ore inclusion stone 17-lower triangular ore pillar 18-auxiliary slope channel 19-vein external sector medium-length hole 20-filling drilling 21-filling pipeline 22-tailing cemented filling body 23-residual vein external sector medium-length hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the concealed broken residual ore safe and efficient mining structure based on the combination of extravenous mining and exploratory mining comprises ore blocks divided along the direction of the residual ore, wherein the ore blocks are divided into a first high section and a second high section along the height direction of an ore body in the stage, and a stud is reserved between the ore blocks; an intra-vein prospecting drift 15 arranged along the trend of the ore vein and an intra-vein prospecting drift 10 running vertically at the bottom of the ore body;
the bottom of the ore body is also provided with an ore removal structure, the ore removal structure comprises an extravenal transportation gallery 1 communicated with an intra-venal exploration gallery 10 at the same elevation, and an inclined ore removal access 2 is arranged between the extravenal transportation gallery 1 and the intra-venal exploration gallery 15;
a high subsection rock drilling drift 8 is arranged in the center of each high subsection; arranging fan-shaped exploration drill holes 6 in each high-section rock drilling gallery 8, wherein the exploration drill holes 6 and the exploration gallery at the bottom of an ore body form a three-dimensional cross exploration network;
arranging a cutting raise 13 at one side of the ore block, close to the vertical run intravein exploration drift;
and chiseling in each high-section rock drilling gallery to form a fan-shaped medium-length hole, wherein the fan-shaped medium-length hole penetrates through the peripheral rock of the footwall vein to enter the hidden broken residual ore body, a stope drop shaft 14 is arranged on the outer side of the vein outward transportation gallery, and a communication channel 11 is arranged between the stope drop shaft 14 and the vein outward transportation gallery 1.
And auxiliary slope ramps 18 of all the high-section rock drilling drifts communicated with each other are arranged among the high-section rock drilling drifts.
The upper part of the ore body is provided with an upper-stage transportation gallery 9, a filling pipeline 21 is arranged in the upper-stage transportation gallery 9, and a filling drill hole 20 for filling the goaf with full tailings cemented is communicated with the upper-stage transportation gallery.
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
a certain gold ore has more than forty years of mining history, the earth surface elevation is +35m, more than-200 m contains sporadic high-grade blind residual ores, and the grade of the gold ore reaches 3-7 g/t. Geological preliminary investigation shows that the average dip angle of an ore body is 52-65 degrees, the average thickness is 8-15 m, the ore body is medium and stable, the part is broken, and surrounding rocks of an upper and a lower plate are stable.
(1) The design ore blocks of the industrial experiment stope are 50m long along the trend, pillars are reserved between the ore blocks, and the width of the pillars is 5-8 m. The height of the ore block design stage is 30m, the ore block design stage is divided into high subsections along the height direction of an ore body in the stage, the height of each high subsection is 15m, namely, one design stage is divided into two high subsections, namely a first high subsection and a second high subsection.
(2) According to geological preliminary exploration data, an exploration drift is arranged at the bottom of the ore body, and occurrence forms of sporadic high-grade concealed broken residual ore bodies are further controlled in the horizontal direction. The method is characterized in that intra-vein exploration drifts are arranged at the bottom of an ore body along the trend of ore veins, vertical intra-vein exploration drifts are arranged at intervals of 25m, the section of each exploration drift is 2.2 multiplied by 2.0m, an anchor rod and an anchor net are combined for supporting in the construction process, and the size of the section of each drift is strictly controlled.
(3) An ore removal structure is arranged at the bottom of an ore body, an extravenal transportation gallery is arranged at a position 15m away from the horizontal intra-venal exploration gallery, and an inclined ore removal access way is arranged at the interval of 8m between the extravenal transportation gallery and the intra-venal exploration gallery.
(4) And arranging a high-section rock drilling gallery along the trend of the ore body on the ore body footwall, wherein the rock drilling gallery is arranged in the center of the high section and is 5-7 m away from the ore body footwall.
(5) Other mining preparation projects are arranged along the ore block footwall, including: stope draw shaft, ventilation raise, filling gallery, connecting road and auxiliary slope road.
(6) In each high subsection rock drilling gallery, a row of exploration drill holes are arranged at intervals of 12.5m, each row of 3 drill holes are used for carrying out core exploration operation on an ore body by adopting a diamond drilling machine with the diameter of 50mm, and the occurrence form of sporadic high-grade hidden broken residual ore bodies is further controlled in the height direction. The horizontal distance of the exploration drilling hole to the exploration roadway at the bottom of the ore body is 12.5m, a three-dimensional cross exploration network is formed, and the spatial distribution form of the hidden broken residual ore body, a hidden empty area and a water-containing zone which may exist are controlled finely.
(7) And arranging a cutting raise near the vertical-strike exploration drift on one side of the ore block, performing cutting vertical slot blasting by taking the cutting raise and the vertical-strike exploration drift as free surfaces, creating a free compensation space for subsequent high-subsection ore caving, wherein the height of the cutting vertical slot is the stage height, and the width of the cutting vertical slot is 5 m.
(8) In each high subsection rock drilling gallery, a hydraulic rock drill is adopted to form an upward and downward fan-shaped medium-length hole. The fan-shaped medium-length hole penetrates through the peripheral rock of the lower disk vein and enters the hidden broken residual ore body to reach the design depth, the aperture of the medium-length hole is 65mm, the row spacing is 1.4m, and the hole bottom spacing is 2.2-2.8 m.
(9) And in the middle deep hole, according to the spatial development form of the hidden broken residual ore body, performing explosive filling operation by using a viscous explosive in the middle deep hole positioned in the ore body section, and finely blasting the hidden broken residual ore body to finish high-subsection ore caving operation. And the first high subsection of the bench blasting and the second high subsection complete the ore caving operation of each high subsection in the stage, and the second high subsection blasting is 5-8 m (3-5 rows) ahead of the first high subsection.
(10) And the ore caving in each high section is gathered at the bottom of the ore body by means of dead weight to form an ore removal structure, and the remote control scraper is adopted to transfer the caving ore to a stope chute through an extra-vein transportation drift and an ore removal approach, so that ore removal operation is completed.
(11) And after the stage ore removal is finished, erecting filling pipelines along the transportation gallery and the filling gallery of the upper stage, and performing full-tailings cemented filling on the goaf to complete safe mining of the hidden broken residual ore.
Any technical solution disclosed in the present invention is, unless otherwise stated, disclosed a numerical range if it is disclosed, and the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range, and any person skilled in the art should understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Because numerical value is more, can't be exhaustive, so the utility model discloses just disclose some numerical values with the illustration the technical scheme of the utility model to, the numerical value that the aforesaid was enumerated should not constitute right the utility model discloses create the restriction of protection scope.
If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one element from another in a descriptive sense and are not intended to have a special meaning unless otherwise stated.
Also, above-mentioned the utility model discloses if disclose or related to mutually fixed connection's spare part or structure, then, except that other the note, fixed connection can understand: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, the terms used in any aspect of the present disclosure as described above to indicate positional relationships or shapes include similar, analogous, or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated.
The utility model provides an arbitrary part both can be assembled by a plurality of solitary component parts and form, also can be the solitary part that the integrated into one piece technology was made.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the invention can be modified or equivalent substituted for some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it should be understood that the scope of the claims is intended to cover all such modifications and variations.
Claims (6)
1. The concealed broken residual ore safe and efficient mining structure based on the combination of extra-vein mining and quasi-exploration mining is characterized by comprising ore blocks divided along the direction of residual ore, wherein the ore blocks are divided into a first high section and a second high section along the height direction of an ore body in a stage, and a stud is reserved between the ore blocks; an intra-vein ore exploring drift arranged along the trend of the ore vein at the bottom of the ore body and an intra-vein exploration drift running vertically;
the bottom of the ore body is also provided with an ore removal structure, the ore removal structure comprises an extravenal transportation gallery communicated with an intra-venal exploration gallery at the same elevation, and an inclined ore removal access is arranged between the extravenal transportation gallery and the intra-venal exploration gallery;
a high subsection rock drilling gallery is arranged in the center of each high subsection; arranging fan-shaped exploration drill holes in each high-subsection rock drilling gallery, wherein the exploration drill holes and the exploration gallery at the bottom of an ore body form a three-dimensional cross exploration network;
arranging a cutting raise at one side of the ore block, close to the vertical run intravein exploration drift;
and chiseling in each high-section rock drilling gallery to form a fan-shaped medium-length hole, wherein the fan-shaped medium-length hole penetrates through the peripheral rock of the footwall vein to enter the hidden broken residual ore body, a stope drop shaft is arranged on the outer side of the vein outward transportation gallery, and a communication channel is arranged between the stope drop shaft and the vein outward transportation gallery.
2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the high-section rock drilling galleries are provided with auxiliary slope roads for communicating the high-section rock drilling galleries.
3. The structure of claim 1, wherein the upper part of the ore body is provided with an upper-stage transportation roadway, the upper-stage transportation roadway is provided with a filling pipeline, and the upper-stage transportation roadway is communicated with a filling drill hole for filling the goaf with full tailings cemented.
4. The structure of claim 1, wherein the high-section rock drilling gallery is arranged along the running direction of the ore body on the lower wall of the ore body, and a fan-shaped medium-length hole drilled by the rock drilling gallery penetrates through the peripheral rock of the lower wall to enter the concealed broken residual ore body.
5. The safe and efficient concealed broken ore mining structure based on extra-pulse mining and exploratory mining combined technology according to claim 1, wherein the width of each stud is 5-8 m, and the height of each high subsection is 13-16 m.
6. The structure of claim 1, wherein the arrangement of vertically-oriented intra-pulse exploration drifts is spaced by 25 m.
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| CN201921798346.5U CN211623426U (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Safe and efficient hidden broken residual ore mining structure based on extra-pulse mining and quasi-exploration mining combination |
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| CN201921798346.5U CN211623426U (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Safe and efficient hidden broken residual ore mining structure based on extra-pulse mining and quasi-exploration mining combination |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110671110A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-10 | 福州大学 | Extravenous mining and exploration mining combined concealed broken residual ore mining structure and mining method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110671110A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-10 | 福州大学 | Extravenous mining and exploration mining combined concealed broken residual ore mining structure and mining method thereof |
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