Universal loading device for low-cycle repeated load test
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of building structure power consumption shock attenuation test equipment, a low week repeated loading test loading device is related to, concretely relates to general low week repeated loading test loading device.
Background
The earthquake-resistant performance of the structure is always a focus of attention, the most popular structure is adopted at present, and the earthquake-resistant performance test of the widely-used structure is mainly a low-cycle repeated load test. The low-cycle repeated load test is a static test for applying repeated reciprocating circulation action on a structure or a structural member, is a process for repeatedly loading and unloading the structure or the structural member in the positive and negative directions and is used for simulating the stress characteristics and the deformation characteristics of the structure in the reciprocating vibration during the earthquake. The test method is a test method which adopts a certain load control or displacement control to carry out low-cycle repeated loading on a test piece so that the test piece is stressed from the beginning to be destroyed, thereby obtaining the inelastic load-deformation characteristic of a structure or a structural member, and the test method is also called as a restoring force characteristic test.
The method mainly aims to carry out a structure pseudo-static test, and comprises the steps of firstly establishing the restoring force characteristic of a structure under the action of an earthquake, determining a calculation model of the restoring force of a structural member, obtaining the equivalent damping ratio of the structure through a hysteresis curve obtained by the test and the area surrounded by the curve, measuring the energy consumption capability of the structure, and simultaneously obtaining parameters such as a skeleton curve, the initial rigidity of the structure, the rigidity degradation and the like. Therefore, the earthquake-resistant performance of the structure can be judged and identified from three aspects of strength, deformation, energy and the like. Finally, the failure mechanism of the structural member can be researched through tests, and a basis is provided for improving the existing structural earthquake-resistant design method and improving the structural design construction measures.
In order to adapt to test pieces of different specifications, a test loading frame of the low-cycle repeated load test loading device is often very large, and a longitudinal actuator and a transverse actuator are respectively fixed on corresponding counter-force devices to apply axial force and lateral load. However, because the different of the size specification of test piece, often need remove longitudinal actuator, transverse actuator in order to adapt to the needs of experimental loading, among the experimental loading device of tradition, often need large-scale hoisting equipment to cooperate many workers to spend several days to realize counterforce device and longitudinal actuator, transverse actuator's removal, manpower and materials can be greatly consumed in every experiment, and longitudinal actuator and counterforce device's fixed, itself has very big frictional force, cause very big error influence to the test result. Therefore, the utility model provides a general low week repeated load test loading device realizes removing longitudinal actuator and transverse actuator's adaptability through the lifting machine, and sets up the structure that reduces frictional force for longitudinal actuator, promotes experimental precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses to the problem of adjusting actuator position difficulty in the experimental frame of traditional low week repeated load, a general low week repeated load test loading device is provided, reciprocating of horizontal track roof beam and movable cross beam is being controlled respectively to first lifting machine and second lifting machine, thereby make vertical actuator and horizontal actuator adaptability removal from top to bottom, horizontal migration about the adaptability can be done on horizontal track roof beam to vertical actuator simultaneously, thereby realized the free regulation of low week repeated load test loading frame, adapt to the test piece loading of different specifications, need not to use large machine to dismantle the installation, a large amount of manpower and materials have been saved, work efficiency has been improved effectively. The vertical stand column and the vertical track column of the portal frame are provided with bolt holes, the horizontal track beam and the movable cross beam which are moved in place are respectively fixed and clamped on the portal frame and the vertical track column through the insertion of the pin bolt, when the horizontal track beam and the movable cross beam are adaptively moved, the pin bolt is pulled out, and the contact surfaces of the horizontal track beam and the movable cross beam with the movable track are provided with roller shafts, so that the portal frame and the movable cross beam are convenient to move.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a universal loading device for a low-circumference repeated load test comprises a portal frame, a horizontal track beam, vertical track columns, fixed cross beams, movable cross beams, a first lifting machine, a second lifting machine and a base, and is characterized in that 1 pair of portal frames and 1 pair of vertical track columns are vertically installed and fixed on the base, vertical upright columns horizontally connected with the upper cross beams on two sides are arranged at the top of the portal frame, the first lifting machine is fixedly installed on the upper cross beams, the lower end of the first lifting machine is respectively connected with two ends of the horizontal track beam, the horizontal track beam is fixed or separated from the portal frame through pin joint of insertion or pulling out of a pin bolt, more than 1 longitudinal actuator of the horizontal track beam is installed in a hanging manner in the middle of the horizontal track beam, the vertical track columns are arranged on the outer side of the portal frame on one side, the upper ends of 1 pair of vertical track columns are horizontally connected through the fixed cross beams, the second, the lower extreme of second lifting machine links to each other with the movable cross beam, and horizontal actuator passes through bolted connection in the side of movable cross beam, and the movable cross beam is fixed or is thrown off through inserting or pulling out of cotter with vertical track post pin joint, and horizontal braced frame passes through shaped steel simultaneously and the portal frame of vertical track post and homonymy in horizontal consolidation, realizes the experimental loading frame of low week repetitive load of a free adjustment.
Horizontal track roof beam both ends inlay respectively in the inside of the portal frame at both ends to the interior cell wall of portal frame's vertical stand is the slide rail, for supporting the horizontal track roof beam that promotes or fall through first lifting machine upper crossbeam and make reciprocating of adaptability, and be provided with the roller bearing on the interior cell wall contact surface of horizontal track roof beam and vertical stand, the roller bearing reduces contact surface frictional force, makes things convenient for the removal of horizontal track roof beam.
The tail end of the longitudinal actuator is suspended and installed on the bottom surface of the horizontal track beam, adaptive left and right horizontal movement can be achieved along the axial direction of the horizontal track beam, a pulley or a roller is arranged between an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate of the tail end of the longitudinal actuator and the horizontal track beam, the pulley or the roller is fixed on the inner sides of the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, and when the longitudinal actuator moves horizontally left and right, the pulley or the roller rolls correspondingly, so that adjustment of the longitudinal actuator and horizontal movement during test loading are very easy.
The vertical upright posts of the portal frame are provided with a plurality of bolt holes at intervals along the height direction, the vertical track posts are provided with a plurality of bolt holes at intervals along the height direction, the bolt holes are also formed in the corresponding positions on the two ends of the horizontal track beam and the movable cross beam, the bolt holes correspond to the corresponding bolt bolts in a matched mode, and the bolt bolts are inserted into or pulled out of the bolt holes to fix or separate the horizontal track beam and the movable cross beam.
The movable cross beam is positioned at the lower part of the fixed cross beam and embedded between the two vertical track columns, the inner groove walls of the vertical track columns are used as sliding rails, the movable cross beam is lifted or falls by the fixed cross beam through the second lifting machine to move up and down adaptively, and the contact surface of the movable cross beam and the inner groove walls of the vertical track columns is provided with a roller for assisting in moving.
The transverse actuator is positioned at the lower part of the horizontal track beam, the tail end of the transverse actuator is fixed on one side surface of the movable cross beam, and the movable cross beam provides stress support for the transverse actuator during movement and loading work.
The central lines of the portal frame, the pair of vertical track columns and the transverse supporting frame are positioned on the same straight line along the axis direction of the horizontal track beam.
After the first elevator and the second elevator respectively lift or fall the horizontal track beam and the movable cross beam, the horizontal track beam and the movable cross beam are respectively fixed with the portal frame and the vertical track column in a pin joint mode.
The base is a steel flat plate, a reinforced concrete flat plate or a ground foundation which is connected with the portal frame, the vertical track column and the transverse supporting frame into a whole, and the portal frame, the vertical track column, the horizontal track beam, the movable cross beam and the base form an integral self-balancing system.
When a general low week is loaded experimental loading device repeatedly and is implemented, portal frame, horizontal track roof beam, horizontal braced frame, vertical track post, fixed cross beam and movable cross beam are prefabricated assembled component, need not fixed large-scale counter-force wall during the laboratory installation, the installation is flexible, loading frame is furnished with the lifting machine simultaneously and promotes or fall indulge, horizontal actuator reciprocates, fix through inserting the cotter pin in the keyhole after targetting in place, horizontal track roof beam and movable cross beam's removal when having avoided the loading, fine crack elimination effect has been played, when having saved large-scale lifting device, whole experimental loading frame's mobility has been improved.
The utility model has the advantages as follows:
(1) the upper and lower adaptability that promotes respectively or fall horizontal track roof beam and movable cross beam through first lifting machine and second lifting machine removes to combine the auxiliary roller, thereby realize reciprocating of longitudinal actuator and transverse actuator, the longitudinal actuator can remove as required left and right adaptability on horizontal track roof beam simultaneously, has realized a general low week repeated load test loading device.
(2) The actuator is freely adjusted, large hoisting equipment is not required to be used for dismounting and mounting, the danger of aerial operation is reduced, the application range is wide, and the flexibility and convenience of the universal low-cycle repeated load test loading device are improved through the test of matching different specifications by the vertical and horizontal movement of the longitudinal and transverse actuators.
(3) Bolt holes are formed in the vertical stand columns and the vertical track columns of the portal frame, the horizontal track beams and the movable cross beams which are moved in place are fixed and clamped in the portal frame and the vertical track columns respectively through the pin bolts, and the portal frame is convenient and fast to install and dismantle.
(4) Horizontal braced frame is simultaneously with vertical track post and portal frame welded fastening, not only as transverse actuator's counterforce device, has improved the stability of whole experimental loading frame simultaneously.
(5) Set up coaster or roller bearing between the upper junction plate of longitudinal actuator's tail end, lower junction plate and the horizontal track roof beam and realize that longitudinal actuator moves about transverse actuator loading in-process adaptability, frictional force when reducing the influence of longitudinal actuator slope and longitudinal actuator's tail end and removing has ensured experimental precision demand.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a universal low cycle repetitive load test loading device;
FIG. 2 is an elevational schematic view of a universal low cycle repetitive load test loading unit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a longitudinal actuator loading frame of a universal low cycle repetitive load test loading device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a transverse actuator loading frame of a universal low cycle repetitive load test loading device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a transverse support frame of a universal low cycle repetitive load test loading unit;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a horizontal rail beam of a universal low cycle repetitive load test loading device;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a movable cross beam of a universal low cycle repetitive load test loading device;
in all figures, 1 is a portal frame; 11 is a vertical upright post; 110 is an upper beam; 2 is a horizontal track beam; 21 is a longitudinal actuator; 211 is an upper connecting plate; 212 is a lower connecting plate; 3 is a vertical rail column; 4 is a fixed beam; 5 is a movable beam; 51 is a transverse actuator; 52 is a roller; 6 is a first hoister; 7 is a second hoister; 8 is a bolt hole; 9 is a pin bolt; 10 is a transverse supporting frame; 100 is a base.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. A universal low-cycle repeated load test loading device comprises a portal frame 1, a horizontal track beam 2, vertical track columns 3, a fixed cross beam 4, a movable cross beam 5, a first lifting machine 6, a second lifting machine 7 and a base 100, and is characterized in that 1 pair of portal frames 1 and 1 pair of vertical track columns 3 are vertically installed and fixed on the base 100, the top of the portal frame 1 is provided with vertical upright columns 11 which are horizontally arranged and are transversely connected with two sides by an upper cross beam 110, the upper cross beam 110 is fixedly provided with the first lifting machine 6, the lower end of the first lifting machine 6 is respectively connected with two ends of the horizontal track beam 2, the horizontal track beam 2 is fixed or separated by pins of the portal frame 1 through inserting or pulling out of a pin bolt 9, the middle part of the horizontal track beam 2 is hung and provided with more than 1 longitudinal 21, the vertical track columns 3 are arranged on the outer side of the portal frame 1 on one side, the upper ends of the vertical track columns 3 are horizontally connected through the fixed cross beam, fixed cross beam 4 fixed mounting has second lifting machine 7, the lower extreme and the movable cross beam 5 of second lifting machine 7 link to each other, horizontal actuator 51 passes through bolted connection in the side of movable cross beam 5, movable cross beam 5 is fixed or is thrown off through inserting or pulling out of cotter 9 with vertical track post 3 pin joint, horizontal braced frame 10 passes through shaped steel simultaneously with vertical track post 3 and the portal frame 1 of homonymy in horizontal consolidation, realize the experimental loading frame of low week repeated load of a free regulation.
The two ends of the horizontal track beam 2 are respectively embedded in the portal frames 1 at the two ends, the inner groove wall of the vertical upright post 11 of the portal frame 1 is a slide rail, the upper cross beam 110 is used for supporting and lifting or falling the horizontal track beam 2 to move up and down adaptively through the first elevator 6, and a roller 52 is arranged on the contact surface of the inner groove wall of the horizontal track beam 2 and the vertical upright post 11.
The tail end of the longitudinal actuator 21 is suspended and mounted on the bottom surface of the horizontal track beam 2 and can perform adaptive left-right horizontal movement along the axial direction of the horizontal track beam 2, and pulleys or rollers are arranged between the upper connecting plate 211 and the lower connecting plate 212 at the tail end of the longitudinal actuator 21 and the horizontal track beam 2.
The vertical upright posts 11 of the portal frame 1 are provided with a plurality of bolt holes 8 at intervals along the height direction, the vertical track posts 3 are provided with a plurality of bolt holes 8 at intervals along the height direction, the bolt holes 8 are also formed in the corresponding positions on the two ends of the horizontal track beam 2 and the movable cross beam 5, and the bolt holes 8 correspond to the corresponding bolt bolts 9 in a matched manner.
The movable cross beam 5 is positioned at the lower part of the fixed cross beam 4, is embedded between the two vertical track columns 3, takes the inner groove wall of the vertical track column 3 as a slide rail, lifts or falls the movable cross beam 5 through the second lifting machine 7 by taking the fixed cross beam 4 as a support to move up and down adaptively, and is provided with a roller 52 for auxiliary movement on the contact surface of the movable cross beam 5 and the inner groove wall of the vertical track column 3.
The transverse actuator 51 is positioned at the lower part of the horizontal track beam 2, and the tail end of the transverse actuator is fixed at one side surface of the movable cross beam 5.
The central lines of the portal frames 1 and 1, the vertical track columns 3 and the transverse support frame 10 are positioned on the same straight line along the axial direction of the horizontal track beam 2.
After the first hoister 6 and the second hoister 7 respectively hoist or fall the horizontal track beam 2 and the movable cross beam 5, the horizontal track beam 2 and the movable cross beam 5 are respectively fixed with the portal frame 1 and the vertical track column 3 by pins.
The base 100 is a steel flat plate, a reinforced concrete flat plate or a ground foundation which is connected with the portal frame 1, the vertical track column 3 and the transverse supporting frame 10 into a whole.