CN211502859U

CN211502859U - Waste heat recovery device of heat supply equipment using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel

Info

Publication number: CN211502859U
Application number: CN201922085054.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭丁铁; 王资院
Original assignee: Zhuzhou Rubber Research and Design Institute Co Ltd of Chemchina
Current assignee: Zhuzhou Rubber Research and Design Institute Co Ltd of Chemchina
Priority date: 2019-11-28
Filing date: 2019-11-28
Publication date: 2020-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waste heat recovery device of heat supply equipment using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel, which comprises a smoke exhaust waste heat recovery device and an ash exhaust waste heat recovery device; each device includes a centrifugal fan, a cyclone separator, and a hybrid dryer. Wherein, the medium participating in heat exchange is turbulently stirred by the mixed dryer, so that the heat exchange is efficient and uniform; the cyclone separator separates the preheated air and fuel from the heat-exchanged mixture. The utility model discloses can effectively retrieve the waste heat in the heating equipment is discharged fume and is arranged the ash to preheat biomass fuel and air, purify the flue gas, make biomass fuel's clean, environmental protection and high thermal efficiency of burning. The flue gas can realize the environmental-friendly emission up to the standard without arranging a dust removal device. Low investment and suitability for small-capacity combustion equipment.

Description

Waste heat recovery device of heat supply equipment using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a heating equipment, in particular to a waste heat recovery device of heating equipment using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel.

Background

The increasing exhaustion of fossil fuel and the serious pollution of the combustion of fossil fuel to the environment threaten the sustainable development of human society. Besides improving the technology and adopting the advanced technology as much as possible, efficiently and cleanly using fossil fuels and reducing the emission of pollutants, the current energy structure is changed and new energy is inevitably developed.

The energy of the biomass crushed aggregates is obtained by combining water and carbon dioxide through the photosynthesis of green plants, so that the solar energy is converted into chemical energy, and then the chemical energy is fixed and stored in organisms, and belongs to non-fossil energy. It is burned to become water and carbon dioxide, which is then released to the atmosphere and then converted into chemical energy by green plants. Therefore, it has cyclic utilization and belongs to renewable energy. In the renewable energy law of the people's republic of china, which was applied since 1/2006, use is clearly encouraged in the form of law. It is mostly a processing byproduct of crushed and made of stem-shaped crops or agricultural products. The water content of the natural drying is less than 15%, the ash content is less than 1.5%, the sulfur content and the chlorine content are both less than 0.07%, and the nitrogen content is less than 0.5%. The biomass resources are very rich, and non-wood fibers such as straws, wheat straws, straws and the like and wood processing residues are all available energy sources. At present, heat supply equipment and auxiliary supporting equipment using biomass as fuel are in the research and development stage.

Compared with the conventional coal fuel, the biomass fuel has the defects of multiple types, different forms, high water content, low specific gravity, low heat value and low specific gravity of discharged ash. Its advantages are no corrosion of exhausted fume and high effect on saving energy. The moisture content of the wet biomass fuel is about 50%, and the wet biomass fuel needs to be dried or naturally dried when used as the fuel, but the wet biomass fuel is generally naturally dried. After natural drying, the water content of the biomass fuel is usually 12-15%, the heat value of the biomass fuel is only about 75% of that of common bituminous coal, and the temperature of a combustion hearth is lower than that of the coal, so that the biomass fuel is limited to be widely used. The biomass fuel is usually crushed material after natural drying. A pulverizer which has good cost performance and is reliable in technology has been developed in the market and is used for pulverizing stalk-like biomass and the like. However, the crushed aggregates have large volume, which causes inconvenient feeding and difficult transportation of combustion equipment, and compression molding of the crushed aggregates is always the research direction in the field. The molding material is easy to transport, convenient for feeding of heat supply equipment and small in ash discharge volume. Especially, the water content is only about 5%, the heat value is greatly increased, the temperature of a combustion chamber and the heat supply effect of the combustion chamber are close to those of coal, and the problem of bottle stems in wide application of biomass is solved. Forming equipment such as screw, piston and drum forming equipment has been developed on the market to enable it to be compressed into bars, blocks and pellets. However, the molding equipment is easy to wear, large in maintenance workload, large in power consumption and high in production cost.

Because the biomass fuel has wide distribution and low specific gravity, and is not suitable for long-distance transportation, the heating equipment is small-capacity heating equipment with the capacity of below 4 tons generally.

Aiming at the characteristics of low specific gravity and large feeding volume of naturally dried biomass crushed aggregates, the boiler in the prior art adopts wind power and screw rod conveying equipment, so that the problem of feeding of heat supply equipment is solved. Aiming at the characteristics of low ash discharge specific gravity and much dust in the flue gas, the cyclone separator and the water film dust remover are adopted to solve the problem of flue gas dust removal. Aiming at the characteristics of low heat value, low temperature of a combustion furnace compared with coal, no corrosive gas contained in discharged smoke and low specific gravity of discharged ash, the method adopts the mode of recovering waste heat in the discharged smoke and the discharged ash and improving the heat energy utilization rate. Corresponding devices that have been developed on the market are:

1. the auxiliary equipment for recovering the waste heat in the boiler exhaust gas comprises: such as an air preheater, a heat pipe exchanger and a heat exchanger for recovering waste heat after water sprays flue gas. The waste heat of the flue gas is used for preheating the air or water entering the heating equipment. Such equipment is expensive and not suitable for small-capacity heating equipment.

2. The heat supply equipment for recovering the waste heat in the discharged ash comprises: for example, the fluidized bed boiler mixes the ash in the flue gas, the ash flows along with the flue gas to reduce the temperature and release heat, and the waste heat in the discharged ash is recovered. The device only partially recovers the waste heat in the ash, and the temperature of the flue gas after temperature reduction and heat release is generally higher than 150 ℃.

In summary, the prior art lacks a waste heat recovery device of a small-capacity biomass fuel-fueled heating device which can be used for industrial production.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to overcome not enough that prior art exists, provide an use living beings crushed aggregates as the waste heat recovery equipment of the heating equipment of fuel, it can effectively retrieve the waste heat in the heating equipment discharges fume and arranges the ash to preheat biomass fuel and air, purify the flue gas, make biomass fuel's clean, environmental protection and high thermal efficiency of burning.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a technical scheme does:

a waste heat recovery device of heat supply equipment using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel comprises a smoke exhaust waste heat recovery device and an ash exhaust waste heat recovery device;

the waste heat recovery device that discharges fume includes:

the air inlet end of the smoke extraction centrifugal fan is communicated with a flue of an exhaust port of the heat supply equipment and the biomass fuel hopper through a pipeline;

the smoke extraction cyclone separator is arranged on a storage hopper of the heat supply equipment;

the feeding end and the discharging end of the smoke extraction mixing dryer I are respectively communicated with the air outlet end of the smoke extraction centrifugal fan and the inlet end of the smoke extraction cyclone separator through pipelines, so that biomass fuel and flue gas are subjected to turbulent mixing and heat exchange and then are separated through the smoke extraction cyclone separator, the preheated and dried fuel is delivered to a storage hopper, and the flue gas is emptied;

the ash discharge waste heat recovery device comprises:

the air inlet end of the ash pumping centrifugal fan is communicated with an ash hopper and an air inlet pipeline of the heat supply equipment through pipelines;

the outlet end of the ash-pumping cyclone separator is connected to the air inlet of the original blower of the heating equipment through a pipeline;

and the feeding end and the discharging end of the ash pumping mixing dryer II are respectively communicated with the air outlet end of the ash pumping centrifugal fan and the inlet end of the ash pumping cyclone separator through pipelines, so that ash and air are subjected to turbulent mixing and heat exchange and then are separated through the ash pumping cyclone separator, most of the preheated air is sent to a combustion chamber for combustion, and the small part of the preheated air is used for secondary air combustion supporting.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

preferably, the exhaust smoke waste heat recovery device further includes:

and the feeding end and the discharging end of the smoke extraction mixing dryer II are respectively communicated with the discharging end of the smoke extraction mixing dryer I and the inlet end of the smoke extraction cyclone separator through pipelines.

Preferably, the exhaust smoke waste heat recovery device further includes:

the smoke exhaust adjusting door is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the smoke exhaust centrifugal fan and the flue and is used for adjusting and controlling the smoke inlet amount;

the feeding adjusting door is arranged on the fuel hopper and used for adjusting and controlling the feeding amount;

and the smoke thermometer is arranged on the outlet end of the smoke cyclone separator and used for indicating the temperature of the preheated fuel.

Preferably, the ash discharge waste heat recovery device further comprises:

the ash pumping mixing dryer I is characterized in that the feeding end of the ash pumping mixing dryer I is communicated with an ash hopper and an air inlet pipeline of heat supply equipment through a pipeline, and the discharging end of the ash pumping mixing dryer I is communicated with an air inlet of an ash pumping centrifugal fan through a pipeline.

Preferably, the ash discharge waste heat recovery device further comprises:

the ash pumping adjusting door is arranged on the ash bucket and used for adjusting and controlling the ash feeding amount;

the air inlet adjusting door is arranged on the air inlet pipeline and used for adjusting and controlling the air inlet amount;

and the ash extraction thermometer is arranged at the outlet end of the ash extraction cyclone separator and is used for indicating the temperature of the preheated air.

Preferably, the ash discharge waste heat recovery device further comprises:

and the air inlet auxiliary adjusting door is arranged on a supplementary air pipeline communicated with the air inlet of the ash pumping centrifugal fan.

Preferably, the heat supply equipment is a boiler using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel, and comprises a boiler which is obtained by burning biomass crushed aggregates instead of raw coal.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

the utility model discloses a heat supply equipment's with living beings crushed aggregates waste heat recovery device who makes fuel, through increase ash discharge waste heat recovery device and the waste heat recovery device that discharges fume in former heat supply device, provide power through centrifugal fan, the medium that makes participation in the heat exchange gets into the hybrid dryer and carries out the turbulent flow stirring, it is high-efficient to make the heat exchange, it is even, rethread cyclone separates preheated air and fuel from the mixture after the heat exchange, waste heat in ash discharge and the discharge fume can be fully retrieved, and can preheat the air of usefulness of burning and biomass fuel, detach the moisture in the fuel, increase substantially the heat efficiency. Meanwhile, the fly ash in the flue gas can be removed, and the flue gas can be discharged up to the standard in environmental protection without arranging a dust removal device. The utility model discloses a small investment, be fit for small capacity combustion apparatus.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the working process of the middle ash discharge waste heat recovery device.

Fig. 2 is the working process schematic diagram of the waste heat recovery device for middle smoke exhaust.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic empty view of the connection structure of the middle ash discharge waste heat recovery device.

Fig. 6 is a schematic empty view of the connection structure of the exhaust smoke waste heat recovery device of the present invention.

The labels in the figure are:

1. a centrifugal smoke exhaust fan; 2. a smoke thermometer; 3. a fume extraction cyclone; 4. a smoke evacuation regulating gate; 5. a soot extraction adjustment door; 6. an air intake regulating door; 7. an ash hopper; 8. an air intake auxiliary adjusting door; 9. an ash pumping centrifugal fan; 10. an ash extraction cyclone separator; 11. an ash extraction thermometer; 12. a feed adjustment gate; 13. a fuel hopper; 14. an ash pumping mixing dryer I; 15. a smoking mixing dryer I; 16. an ash pumping mixing dryer II; 17. a smoking mixing dryer II; 18. a boiler; 19. a storage hopper.

Detailed Description

To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below.

As shown in fig. 1-6, the utility model discloses an use waste heat recovery device embodiment of heating equipment of living beings crushed aggregates as fuel, wherein, heating equipment is two tons of water and fire tube chain boiler 18, and boiler design pressure 1.3Mpa, the fuel of this boiler are biomass fuel such as chaff, saw-dust, leaf, and boiler 18 has supporting storage hopper 19 and ash bucket 7, installs additional on the original system of sending air, exhaust gas, row's ash sediment and advancing fuel of boiler the utility model discloses a waste heat recovery device.

Specifically, the utility model discloses an use waste heat recovery device of heat supply equipment of living beings crushed aggregates as fuel is including ash discharge waste heat recovery device and the waste heat recovery device that discharges fume.

In this embodiment, the ash discharge waste heat recovery device includes an ash pumping centrifugal fan 9, an ash pumping cyclone separator 10, an ash pumping mixing dryer i 14, and an ash pumping mixing dryer ii 16. Wherein, the air inlet end of the ash-pumping centrifugal fan 9 is communicated with an ash bucket 7 of the heat supply equipment and an air inlet pipeline through pipelines, and an ash-pumping adjusting door 5 is arranged on the ash bucket 7 and used for adjusting and controlling the ash inlet amount; the outlet end of the ash-pumping cyclone separator 10 is connected to the air inlet of the original boiler blower through a pipeline, the ash-pumping mixing dryer I14 is connected between the ash-pumping centrifugal fan 9 and the original ash-discharging hopper 7 of the boiler through a pipeline, and the ash-pumping mixing dryer II 16 is connected between the ash-pumping centrifugal fan 9 and the ash-pumping cyclone separator 10 through a pipeline. The ash and the air are mixed in a turbulent way and are separated by an ash-extracting cyclone separator 10 after heat exchange, most of the preheated air is sent to a combustion chamber for combustion, and the small part of the preheated air is used as secondary air for combustion supporting. An air inlet adjusting door 6 is arranged on the air inlet pipeline and used for adjusting and controlling the air inlet amount, and an ash extraction thermometer 11 is arranged at the outlet end of the ash extraction cyclone separator 10 and used for indicating the temperature of preheated air; the air inlet of the ash-pumping centrifugal fan 9 is also communicated with a supplementary air pipeline, and the supplementary air pipeline is provided with an air inlet auxiliary adjusting door 8 for adjusting and controlling the inlet amount of supplementary air.

In this embodiment, waste heat recovery device discharges fume includes: the device comprises a smoking centrifugal fan 1, a smoking cyclone separator 3, a smoking mixing dryer I15 and a smoking mixing dryer II 17. Wherein, the air inlet end of the smoke centrifugal fan 1 is communicated with a flue of a boiler smoke outlet and a biomass fuel hopper 13 through a pipeline; the smoke cyclone separator 3 is arranged on a fuel storage hopper of the boiler; smoke the mixed desicator I15 of smoking and smoke II 17 of mixed desicator through the pipeline intercommunication and connect between smoking cyclone 3 and smoking centrifugal fan 1, the feed end of the mixed desicator I15 of smoking passes through the pipeline and is connected with the air-out end of smoking centrifugal fan 1, and the discharge end of the mixed desicator II 17 of smoking passes through the entrance point intercommunication of pipeline and smoking cyclone 3, makes biomass fuel and flue gas carry out turbulent flow and mixes and pass through after the heat exchange the smoking cyclone separates, and the fuel after preheating and drying is sent the hopper, the flue gas evacuation. A smoke exhaust adjusting door 4 is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the smoke exhaust centrifugal fan 1 and the flue and is used for adjusting and controlling the smoke inlet amount; a feeding adjusting door 12 for adjusting and controlling the feeding amount is arranged on the fuel hopper 13; and a smoke thermometer 2 is arranged at the outlet end of the smoke cyclone 3 and used for indicating the temperature of the preheated fuel.

Through the utility model discloses a device for the boiler air of burning usefulness can preheat to about 90 ℃, and the highest control is at 110 ℃. The biomass fuel entering the boiler can be preheated to about 80 ℃, the highest temperature is controlled at 100 ℃, and the water content of the fuel is reduced to below 5 percent. The heat efficiency of the boiler is improved by 9 percent. The smoke passing through the smoke exhausting cyclone separator 3 is detected and confirmed by local environmental protection departments, and is allowed to be directly discharged without additional dust removal.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation:

1. the working flow of the ash discharge waste heat recovery device is shown in fig. 1.

By means of power provided by the ash-pumping centrifugal fan, ash in the ash hopper and air for the boiler enter the ash-pumping mixing dryer I and the ash-pumping mixing dryer II, turbulent mixing and heat exchange are carried out in the ash-pumping mixing dryer I, the air subjected to turbulent mixing and heat exchange is separated from the ash by the ash-pumping cyclone separator, and the preheated air temperature is indicated by the ash-pumping thermometer. Most of the preheated air is sent to the combustion chamber to form combustion, and the small part of the preheated air is used as secondary air to support combustion, so that the incombustible ashes in the flue gas are further combusted.

2. The working process of the exhaust smoke waste heat recovery device is shown in fig. 2.

By means of power provided by the smoke centrifugal fan, biomass fuel in the fuel hopper and exhaust smoke of a boiler flue enter the smoke mixing dryer I and the smoke mixing dryer II, and turbulent mixing and heat exchange are carried out in the smoke mixing dryer I and the smoke mixing dryer II. The fume cyclone separates the fuel and the flue gas which are subjected to turbulent mixing and heat exchange, and the temperature of the preheated fuel is indicated by a fume thermometer. The preheated and dried fuel is sent to a combustion chamber or a storage hopper. The flue gas of the cooling and fly ash removal can be directly emptied.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an use waste heat recovery device of heating equipment of living beings crushed aggregates as fuel which characterized in that: comprises a smoke exhaust waste heat recovery device and an ash exhaust waste heat recovery device;

the waste heat recovery device that discharges fume includes:

the air inlet end of the smoke extraction centrifugal fan (1) is communicated with a flue of an exhaust port of the heat supply equipment and a biomass fuel hopper (13) through a pipeline;

a smoke extraction cyclone separator (3) which is arranged on a storage hopper of the heat supply equipment;

the feeding end and the discharging end of the smoke mixing dryer I (15) are respectively communicated with the air outlet end of the smoke centrifugal fan (1) and the inlet end of the smoke cyclone separator (3) through pipelines, so that the biomass fuel and the flue gas are subjected to turbulent mixing and heat exchange and then are separated through the smoke cyclone separator (3);

the ash discharge waste heat recovery device comprises:

the air inlet end of the ash pumping centrifugal fan (9) is communicated with an ash hopper (7) of the heat supply equipment and an air inlet pipeline through a pipeline;

the outlet end of the ash-pumping cyclone separator (10) is connected to the air inlet of the original blower of the heating equipment through a pipeline;

and the feeding end and the discharging end of the ash pumping mixing dryer II (16) are respectively communicated with the air outlet end of the ash pumping centrifugal fan (9) and the inlet end of the ash pumping cyclone separator (10) through pipelines, so that ash and air are subjected to turbulent mixing and heat exchange and then are separated through the ash pumping cyclone separator (10).

2. A waste heat recovery device of a heating apparatus using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waste heat recovery device that discharges fume still includes:

and the feeding end and the discharging end of the smoke mixing dryer II (17) are respectively communicated with the discharging end of the smoke mixing dryer I (15) and the inlet end of the smoke cyclone separator (3) through pipelines.

3. A waste heat recovery device of a heating apparatus using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel according to claim 2, characterized in that: the waste heat recovery device that discharges fume still includes:

the smoke exhaust adjusting door (4) is arranged on a pipeline communicated with the smoke exhaust centrifugal fan (1) and the flue and is used for adjusting and controlling the smoke inlet amount;

the feeding adjusting door (12) is arranged on the fuel hopper (13) and is used for adjusting and controlling the feeding amount;

and the smoke thermometer (2) is arranged at the outlet end of the smoke cyclone separator (3) and is used for indicating the temperature of the preheated fuel.

4. A waste heat recovery device of a heating apparatus using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ash discharge waste heat recovery device further comprises:

the ash pumping mixing dryer I (14), wherein the feeding end of the ash pumping mixing dryer I (14) is communicated with an ash hopper (7) and an air inlet pipeline of a heat supply device through a pipeline, and the discharging end of the ash pumping mixing dryer I (14) is communicated with an air inlet of an ash pumping centrifugal fan (9) through a pipeline.

5. A waste heat recovery device of a heating apparatus using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel according to claim 4, characterized in that: the ash discharge waste heat recovery device further comprises:

the ash pumping adjusting door (5) is arranged on the ash bucket (7) and is used for adjusting and controlling the ash feeding amount;

the air inlet adjusting door (6) is arranged on the air inlet pipeline and is used for adjusting and controlling the air inlet amount;

and the ash extraction thermometer (11) is arranged at the outlet end of the ash extraction cyclone separator (10) and is used for indicating the temperature of the preheated air.

6. A heat recovery device of a heating apparatus using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel according to claim 5, characterized in that: the ash discharge waste heat recovery device further comprises:

and the air inlet auxiliary adjusting door (8) is arranged on a supplementary air pipeline communicated with an air inlet of the ash pumping centrifugal fan (9).

7. A waste heat recovery device of a heating apparatus using biomass scraps as fuel according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the heat supply equipment is a boiler using biomass crushed aggregates as fuel, and comprises a boiler which is obtained by burning biomass crushed aggregates instead of original coal.