CN111023106A

CN111023106A - Coal-fired coupling waste incineration system

Info

Publication number: CN111023106A
Application number: CN201911207301.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张睿; 叶步青; 刘冬
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-11-29
Filing date: 2019-11-29
Publication date: 2020-04-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal-fired coupling waste incineration system which comprises a waste hopper, a feeder, a crusher, a fluidized bed waste incinerator, a coal hopper, a coal feeder, a coal pulverizer, a pulverized coal furnace, a flue gas ejector, an air preheater and a blower. The garbage is treated by the crusher and then is combusted in the fluidized bed garbage incinerator, so that the stability and the high efficiency of garbage combustion are ensured; the coal is crushed by the coal mill and then is combusted in the pulverized coal furnace, and the flue gas ejector extracts high-temperature flue gas generated by pulverized coal combustion to the fluidized bed garbage incinerator so as to improve the combustion temperature in the fluidized bed garbage incinerator; the circulating flue gas discharged by the fluidized bed garbage incinerator is fed into the pulverized coal furnace, and the influence on the pulverized coal furnace is small. The system realizes the coupling of the fluidized bed incinerator and the pulverized coal furnace, can improve the stability and efficiency of garbage combustion, fully utilizes the existing coal-fired power generation equipment, reduces the coal consumption of stored coal and electricity, and reduces the investment cost of a newly-built garbage incineration power plant.

Description

Coal-fired coupling waste incineration system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a waste incineration power generation technology and a coal-fired power generation technology, in particular to a coal-fired coupling waste incineration system.

Background

Along with the continuous development of economy in China and the gradual improvement of living standard of people, the yield and the storage of garbage are rapidly increased. The stacking of the garbage not only causes the waste of space and resources, but also causes great harm to the atmosphere, water and the health of residents. The waste incineration technology enables waste to become residue or molten solid substances through high-temperature oxidation volume reduction through reactions such as thermal decomposition, combustion, melting and the like, and has the advantages of reduction, harmlessness, recycling and the like. The waste incineration technology can utilize combustible substances in the waste, but because the heat value of the waste is generally low, the technology has the defects of unstable combustion, low power generation efficiency and the like; in addition, the problems of huge investment, high operating cost and the like exist in the construction of large-scale waste incineration power plants, and the market competitiveness is lacked.

A large number of coal-fired power generating units exist in various places of China, garbage and coal are combusted and utilized in a coupling mode, garbage combustion equipment is additionally arranged on the basis of the coal-fired power generating units, and the garbage replaces part of coal to be combusted, so that the stability and the efficiency of garbage combustion can be improved, the coal consumption of stored coal is reduced, the construction cost of a newly-built garbage incineration plant can be reduced by utilizing the existing coal-fired power generating equipment, and the coal-fired power generating unit has a good market prospect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a coal-fired coupling waste incineration system.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a coal-fired coupling waste incineration system comprises a waste hopper, a feeding machine, a crusher, a fluidized bed waste incinerator, a high-temperature flue gas inlet, a flue gas ejector, a coal hopper, a coal feeder, a coal pulverizer, a pulverized coal furnace, a circulating flue gas inlet, a high-temperature flue gas extraction opening, an air preheater and a blower. The garbage hopper be connected with fluidized bed waste incinerator through batcher, breaker, fluidized bed waste incinerator's exhanst gas outlet is connected with the circulation flue gas import of buggy stove, the coal hopper is connected with the buggy stove through feeder, coal pulverizer, the high temperature flue gas extraction mouth of buggy stove is connected with fluidized bed waste incinerator's high temperature flue gas import through the flue gas ejector, the forced draught blower is connected with air heater, the air heater export is connected with fluidized bed waste incinerator and coal pulverizer.

Furthermore, the pulverized coal furnace is provided with a high-temperature flue gas pumping opening and a circulating flue gas inlet.

Furthermore, the fluidized bed garbage incinerator is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet.

The invention realizes the coupling utilization of the fluidized bed garbage incinerator and the pulverized coal furnace, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

1. the high-temperature flue gas in the pulverized coal furnace is extracted and sent into the fluidized bed garbage incinerator, so that extra heat can be provided for garbage combustion, the temperature in the fluidized bed garbage incinerator is favorably improved, the stability and the combustion efficiency of the garbage combustion are improved, the influence of garbage component fluctuation on the combustion working condition in the incinerator is reduced, and the low-calorific-value garbage incinerator has better adaptability;

2. the fluidized bed garbage incinerator is used for garbage combustion, has the characteristics of high bed material heat capacity and good heat transfer effect, can quickly heat up and catch fire for garbage in the hearth to form uniform combustion in the incinerator, and is favorable for improving the combustion efficiency of the garbage. The cyclone separator of the fluidized bed garbage incinerator can separate fly ash in the garbage combustion flue gas, the flue gas after fly ash separation enters the pulverized coal furnace through the circulating flue gas inlet of the pulverized coal furnace, and the influences on the temperature field and the flow field of the combustion area of the pulverized coal furnace are small.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-garbage hopper, 2-feeder, 3-crusher, 4-air inlet, 5-fluidized bed garbage incinerator, 6-high temperature flue gas inlet, 7-flue gas ejector, 8-coal hopper, 9-coal feeder, 10-coal pulverizer, 11-pulverized coal furnace, 12-circulating flue gas inlet, 13-high temperature flue gas extraction opening, 14-air preheater, 15-blower, 16-high temperature flue gas, 17-circulating flue gas and 18-hot air.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides a coal-fired coupling waste incineration system which comprises a waste hopper 1, a feeder 2, a crusher 3, a fluidized bed waste incinerator 5, a smoke ejector 7, a coal hopper 8, a coal feeder 9, a coal mill 10, a pulverized coal furnace 11, an air preheater 14 and a blower 15.

Garbage in the garbage hopper 1 enters a crusher 3 through a feeder 2 and is crushed into garbage particles, the crusher 3 is connected with a fluidized bed garbage incinerator 5, coal in a coal hopper 8 enters a coal mill 10 through a coal feeder 9 and is ground into coal powder, and the coal mill 10 is connected with a coal powder furnace 11. Air enters an air preheater 14 through a blower 15, hot air 18 is divided into two paths, one path is sent into a fluidized bed garbage incinerator 5 through an air inlet 4, the other path is sent into a coal mill 10, and coal powder is carried into a coal powder furnace 11.

The middle part of the fluidized bed refuse incineration 5 is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet 6, the bottom part is provided with an air inlet 4 and an ash residue outlet, and the upper part of the cyclone separator is provided with a circulating flue gas outlet and a fly ash outlet. The positions and forms of the high-temperature flue gas inlet and the circulating flue gas outlet can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

The upper part of a burner of the pulverized coal furnace 11 is provided with a circulating flue gas inlet 12, the outlet of a hearth is provided with a high-temperature flue gas pumping port 13, and a tail flue is provided with an air preheater 14. The positions and forms of the circulating flue gas inlet 12 and the high-temperature flue gas extraction opening 13 can be adjusted according to actual conditions. The high-temperature flue gas 16 extracted from the high-temperature flue gas extraction port 13 is sent into the fluidized bed garbage incinerator 5 from the high-temperature flue gas inlet 6 through the flue gas ejector 7, and the flue gas ejector 7 can be replaced by other flue gas guiding devices. The circulating flue gas of the fluidized bed garbage incinerator 5 is sent into a circulating flue gas inlet 12 of a pulverized coal furnace 11.

The fluidized bed garbage incinerator 5 is preferably a bubbling bed, and can be of other types.

The pulverized coal furnace 11 may be replaced with a coal-fired boiler of another furnace type.

Claims

1. A coal-fired coupling waste incineration system is characterized by comprising a waste hopper (1), a feeder (2), a crusher (3), an air inlet (4), a fluidized bed waste incinerator (5), a high-temperature flue gas inlet (6), a flue gas ejector (7), a coal hopper (8), a coal feeder (9), a coal mill (10), a pulverized coal furnace (11), a circulating flue gas inlet (12), a high-temperature flue gas extraction opening (13), an air preheater (14) and a blower (15); wherein, refuse hopper (1) is connected with batcher (2), batcher (2) are connected with breaker (3), breaker (3) are connected with the import of fluidized bed waste incinerator (5), the exhanst gas outlet of fluidized bed waste incinerator (5) is connected with circulation flue gas inlet (12) of buggy stove (11), coal hopper (8) are connected with coal feeder (9), coal feeder (9) are connected with coal pulverizer (10), coal pulverizer (10) are connected with the import of buggy stove (11), forced draught blower (15) are connected with air heater (14), high temperature flue gas is taken out mouthful (13) and is connected with high temperature flue gas inlet (6) of fluidized bed waste incinerator (5) through flue gas ejector (7).

2. The coal-fired coupled waste incineration system of claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the fluidized bed garbage incinerator (5) is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet (6), high-temperature flue gas (16) is pumped out from a high-temperature flue gas pumping port (13) of the pulverized coal furnace (11) and enters the fluidized bed garbage incinerator (5) from the high-temperature flue gas inlet (6) through a flue gas ejector (7), and circulating flue gas (17) at the outlet of the fluidized bed garbage incinerator (5) enters the pulverized coal furnace (11) through a circulating flue gas inlet (12).

3. The coal-fired coupled waste incineration system of claim 1, wherein: the air feeder (15) sends air into the air preheater (14), the hot air (18) is divided into two paths, one path is sent into the fluidized bed garbage incinerator (5) through the air inlet (4), the other path is sent into the coal mill (10) and carries coal powder into the coal powder furnace (11).