CN211402125U - Optical detection device for internal quality of fruits - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an optical detection device of inside quality of fruit. The purpose is that the position of regulation light source, optic fibre and fruit tray that can be convenient is in order to realize multiple detection mode such as diffuse reflection, diffuse transmission and transmission, can detect the fruit of different grade type, has simple structure convenient operation's characteristics. The technical scheme is as follows: an optical detection device of fruit internal quality which characterized in that: the device comprises an angle and distance adjusting mechanism, a spectrum transmitting mechanism, an external spectrum receiving mechanism, a bottom spectrum receiving mechanism and an auxiliary function mechanism; angle and distance adjustment mechanism: comprises an angle adjusting disc, a scale plate and a fruit supporting plate; the spectrum emission mechanism: the device consists of a middle spectrum emission component and two end spectrum emission components which are arranged at the front end of a scale plate; external spectrum receiving mechanism: consists of an external receiving unit; bottom spectrum receiving mechanism: consists of a bottom receiving assembly and a fruit tray assembly; an auxiliary function mechanism: comprises a box body and a heat dissipation component.

Description

Optical detection device for internal quality of fruits

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an optical detection device technical field specifically is the inside quality optical detection device of fruit.

Background

There are three ways of collecting the fruit near infrared spectrum, diffuse reflection way, transmission way and diffuse transmission way. Detection based on the principle of diffuse reflection is mainly used for thin-skinned fruits such as apples, pears, peaches and the like; the fallen leaves and watermelon and melon fruits mainly adopt a diffuse transmission mode; detecting the internal browning, sugar core and the like of the fruit, and collecting the fruit in a transmission mode. According to different detection objects and detection requirements, the spectrum acquisition modes are reasonably applied to obtain a better detection effect.

The research on the near infrared spectrum detection device of some fruits at home and abroad is mostly suitable for only one fruit or can only provide one detection mode. Domestic patent CN 103487396A the near-infrared fruit sugar degree nondestructive test device of illumination parameter adjustable, the diffuse transmission mode that adopts is at first installed the lighting fixture of halogen lamp on the spout of two fixed angle V type supports for 45, can adjust the distance between halogen lamp and the fruit that is detected through the spout. Although the device can change the intensity of the light source by changing the position of the lamp bracket in the V-shaped bracket sliding groove, the V-shaped bracket with a fixed angle ensures that the device has a single detection mode and a small application range. The left and the right are respectively provided with a halogen lamp, so that the light source intensity is weak and the large-scale thick-skinned fruit is difficult to penetrate. Meanwhile, the device only receives the spectrum at the bottom, the range of the region receiving the spectrum is too small, and the factors greatly reduce the detection precision of the device.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the problem of overcoming the deficiencies of the background art and providing an optical detection device and a detection method for the internal quality of fruits. Especially, the fruit detection device can provide various detection modes, can provide multipoint reception, can detect different types of fruits so as to meet the requirements of different detection indexes such as sugar acidity, internal browning, sugar center, water immersion, local water loss, cavities and the like, and has the characteristics of simple structure and convenience in operation.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an optical detection device and a detection method for the internal quality of fruits comprise:

an angle and distance adjustment mechanism: comprises an angle adjusting disc, a scale plate fixed around the angle adjusting disc and a fruit supporting plate fixed at the middle lower part of the angle adjusting disc;

a spectral emission mechanism: the device comprises a plurality of emission units which are symmetrically arranged on an angle adjusting disc, wherein each emission unit comprises a middle spectrum emission assembly and two end spectrum emission assemblies; the two-end spectrum emission assembly is connected to the two ends of the middle spectrum emission assembly through bolts.

An external spectrum receiver: which is arranged on a group of scale plates of the angle and distance adjusting mechanism and is used for receiving the visible/near infrared spectrum acted on the fruit.

A bottom spectrum receiver: the fruit tray is arranged at the upper part of a fruit supporting plate at the bottom of the angle and distance adjusting mechanism and consists of a bottom receiving assembly and a fruit tray assembly;

an auxiliary function mechanism: comprises a box body and a heat radiation component arranged on the inner wall of the box body;

further, the angle and distance adjustment mechanism includes:

the fruit supporting plate comprises an angle adjusting plate body, wherein the middle of the angle adjusting plate body is provided with a circular through hole, the periphery of the circular through hole is provided with an inner annular through hole and an outer annular through hole, the middle lower portion of the circular through hole is provided with four fruit supporting plate through holes, and the bottom of the angle adjusting plate body is provided with eight right-angle connecting piece through holes.

And the front end of the at least one group of two scale plates is provided with a scale plate front end through hole for connecting an external spectrum receiving mechanism and a spectrum emitting mechanism.

And the two fruit supporting plates are arranged at the middle lower part of the angle adjusting disc, a left groove-shaped through hole and a right groove-shaped through hole are formed in the fruit supporting plates, and through holes are formed in the front ends of the fruit supporting plates and used for being connected with the bottom spectrum receiving mechanism.

Further, the intermediate spectrum emission assembly comprises:

and the middle lamp bracket is arranged at the front end of the group of scale plates and used for fixing the halogen lamp cup.

And the plano-convex lens is arranged at the front end of the halogen lamp cup and is used for focusing light on the fruit.

A halogen lamp cup disposed on the middle lamp holder for providing visible/near infrared light.

And the halogen lamp cup is fixed on the middle lamp bracket by the positioning steel wire.

Further, the two-end spectral emission assembly comprises:

and the two lamp brackets at the two ends are arranged at the front ends of the two scale plates and used for fixing the halogen lamp cup.

And the two plano-convex lenses are arranged at the front ends of the halogen lamp cups and are used for focusing light on the fruits.

Two halogen lamp cups, which are arranged on the lamp brackets at two ends and are used for providing visible/near infrared spectrum.

Two positioning steel wires; the halogen lamp cup is fixed on the lamp brackets at the two ends by the positioning steel wire.

Further, the external spectrum receiving means includes:

the probe frame is arranged at the front ends of the group of scale plates, a cylindrical boss is arranged at the front end of the probe frame, a stepped hole is formed in the front end of the cylindrical boss, and a threaded hole is formed in the rear end of the stepped hole.

And the convex lens is arranged in the stepped hole at the front end of the cylindrical boss of the probe frame and is used for focusing infrared light.

And the convex lens rubber ring is arranged at the front end of the convex lens and is matched with the stepped hole to fix the convex lens and prevent the convex lens from sliding off.

And the optical fiber probe is arranged in the threaded hole of the probe frame and is matched with the optical fiber probe positioning assembly to be arranged on the focus of the convex lens.

The optical fiber probe positioning assembly comprises a semi-cylindrical left optical fiber probe positioning cylinder and a semi-cylindrical right optical fiber probe positioning cylinder.

Further, the bottom spectrum receiving assembly comprises:

a fruit supporting table, which is arranged on the upper part of the fruit supporting plate, the upper end of the middle part of the fruit supporting table is provided with a stepped hole, and the lower end of the middle part of the fruit supporting table is provided with a threaded hole.

And the bottom convex lens is arranged in a stepped hole at the upper end of the middle part of the fruit supporting table and is used for focusing near infrared light.

And the bottom convex lens rubber ring is arranged at the front end of the bottom convex lens and is matched with the stepped hole to fix the bottom convex lens to prevent the bottom convex lens from sliding off.

And the optical fiber probe is arranged in the large threaded hole at the lower end of the middle part of the fruit supporting table and is matched with the optical fiber probe positioning component to be arranged on the focus of the convex lens.

Further, fruit tray subassembly include shading packing ring and fruit tray, the shading packing ring is located on the convex tooth of the inside cylinder boss of fruit tray, fruit tray locates a fruit supporting bench upper portion.

Further, the auxiliary function mechanism comprises:

and the box body comprises a door, hinges and a shell and is used for providing a dark environment and fixing other mechanisms.

The heat dissipation assembly comprises a protection cover and a fan, wherein the protection cover is arranged right ahead inside the box body and used for fixing the fan and preventing the fan blades from hurting people, and the fan is arranged inside the protection cover and used for dissipating heat for a light source.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model adopts the structure that the light source irradiation angle and irradiation distance can be adjusted and is matched with the external receiving mechanism and the bottom receiving mechanism, thus realizing the detection modes of diffuse reflection, diffuse transmission and transmission; meanwhile, the fruit tray supporting structure which can be adjusted up and down is matched, so that the light source can be ensured to irradiate the part to be detected; the unilateral spectrum emission mechanism includes three spectrum emission subassembly, and both ends spectrum emission subassembly is connected in middle spectrum emission subassembly both sides with articulated mode, and this structure conveniently adjusts both ends spectrum emission subassembly's light source angle, and when the light source distance changed, can guarantee that both ends spectrum emission subassembly aligns the position of waiting to detect fruit all the time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the angle and distance adjustment mechanism;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the spectral emission mechanism;

FIG. 4 is an exploded structural view of an external spectrum receiving mechanism;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the bottom spectrum receiving mechanism;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the angle adjustment plate;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the scale plate;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fruit tray assembly;

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a fruit support plate;

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fruit support platform;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the present invention illustrating the working state of the apple detected by the diffuse reflection method;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the detection of the working state of the watermelon by the diffuse transmission method of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic view of the transmission mode for detecting the operating state of the citrus fruit according to the present invention;

fig. 14 is a scatter diagram of the measured value and the predicted value of the soluble solid content (sugar content) of apple established by the diffuse reflection method of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a scatter diagram of the measured value and the predicted value of the apple soluble solid (sugar content) in the diffuse transmission mode of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a scattergram of measured value and predicted value of apple soluble solid (sugar content) in the transmission mode of the present invention.

Description of main part symbols:

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings attached to the specification, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

As shown in figure 1, the utility model comprises an angle and distance adjusting mechanism, a spectrum emission mechanism, an external spectrum receiving mechanism, a bottom spectrum receiving mechanism and an auxiliary function mechanism.

As shown in fig. 2, the angle and distance adjusting mechanism: the fruit angle adjusting plate consists of three groups of scale plates 50, a group of fruit supporting plates 80 and an angle adjusting plate 10; the middle set of plates 50 is used to mount the external spectral receiver mechanism, and the remaining two sets of plates 50 are symmetrically distributed for mounting the spectral transmitter mechanism.

As shown in fig. 3, the spectral emission mechanism: the device comprises a plurality of emission units, wherein each emission unit comprises a middle spectrum emission component and two end spectrum emission components; the two-end spectrum emission assemblies are hinged to the two sides of the middle spectrum emission assembly through bolts, so that the angles of the two-end spectrum emission assemblies can be adjusted to be always aligned with the fruits to be detected. The lamp holders 23 at the two ends and the middle lamp holder 24 are arranged at the front end, and the plano-convex lens 21, the halogen lamp cup 22 and the positioning steel wire 25 are coaxially arranged from front to back in sequence; the positioning steel wire 25 is used for fixing the halogen lamp cup 22 on the lamp holders 23 at the two ends and the middle lamp holder 24, and the plano-convex lens 21 is fixed at the head of the halogen lamp cup 22 and focuses light on the position of the fruit to be measured.

As shown in fig. 4, the external spectrum reception mechanism: the optical fiber probe comprises a receiving unit, a positioning unit and a positioning unit, wherein the receiving unit comprises a convex lens rubber ring 31, a convex lens 32, a probe frame 33, an optical fiber probe positioning component and an optical fiber probe 35; through holes 332 at two ends of the probe frame 33 are matched with front end through holes 51 of a group of scale plates on the upper portion of the angle adjusting disc 10, the convex lens 32 is installed on a stepped hole 333 at the front end of a cylindrical boss of the probe frame, and the convex lens rubber ring 31 is arranged at the front end of the convex lens 32 and is matched with the stepped hole to fix the convex lens and prevent the convex lens from sliding off. The optical fiber probe 35 is arranged in the optical fiber positioning component, the optical fiber positioning component is matched with the probe frame inner threaded hole 331, and the optical fiber probe positioning component is rotationally adjusted, so that the optical fiber probe 33 falls on the position of the focus of the convex lens 32.

As shown in fig. 5, the bottom spectrum receiving mechanism: the fruit tray comprises a shading gasket 61, a fruit tray 62, a bottom convex lens rubber ring 71, a bottom convex lens 72, a fruit supporting platform 73, a left optical fiber probe positioning cylinder 34, an optical fiber probe 35 and a right optical fiber probe positioning cylinder 36; the shading gasket 61 is arranged on the convex teeth 621 of the cylindrical boss inside the fruit tray 62. The fruit tray bottom through-hole 622 passes through the screw and cooperates with little screw hole 731 in fruit supporting bench upper portion. Optical fiber probe 35 locates in the optical fiber positioning component, optical fiber positioning component and the cooperation of fruit brace table middle part big screw hole 733, rotatory optical fiber probe positioning component make optical fiber probe 35 fall on the position of bottom convex lens 72 focus. The bottom convex lens 72 is mounted in a stepped hole 732 in the middle of the fruit support platform. The bottom convex lens rubber ring 71 is arranged at the front end of the bottom convex lens 72 and is matched with the stepped hole 732 for fixing the bottom convex lens 72 to prevent the bottom convex lens 72 from sliding off.

As shown in fig. 6, the circular through hole 11 in the middle of the angle adjusting plate is used for placing the light source emitting mechanism, the fruit to be detected and the bottom receiving mechanism. Considering that the size of the muskmelon fruits is large, the diameter of the circular through hole 11 is four centimeters, and the inner annular through hole 13 and the outer annular through hole 14 are matched with bolts to fix the scale plates on the angle adjusting disc 10, so that the set of scale plates 50 can be adjusted in a sliding mode. The middle lower part of the circular through hole 11 is provided with four supporting plate through holes 15 for installing a group of fruit supporting plates 8.

As shown in fig. 7, the front end through hole 51 of the scale plate can connect the spectrum emission mechanism and the external spectrum receiving mechanism, and the middle groove-shaped through hole 53 cooperates with the bolt to fix the scale plate 50 on the inner annular through hole 13 and the outer annular through hole 14 of the angle adjusting disk 1, so that the set of scale plates 5 can be adjusted in angle and distance in a sliding manner.

As shown in fig. 8 and 10, a light shielding gasket 61 is installed in the middle of the fruit tray 62, and the light shielding gasket not only can play a role of buffering and protecting fruits, but also can block ambient stray light and halogen light carrying invalid information from entering the optical fiber probe 35. The fruit tray 62 is fixed on the fruit supporting platform 73 through the screw matching between the through hole 622 at the bottom of the fruit tray and the small threaded hole 731 at the upper part of the fruit supporting platform, and the fruit tray 62 can be conveniently replaced through the connection mode.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the front through hole 81 of the fruit supporting plate and the bottom through hole 734 of the fruit supporting table are bolted together, and the fruit supporting plate 80 can only move up and down because the left and right slotted through holes 82 and 83 of the fruit supporting plate 80 are engaged with the supporting plate through hole 15 of the angle adjusting plate 10. The up-down position of the fruit support plate 80 can be changed by adjusting the up-down position of the fruit support platform 73.

The working process of the present invention is specifically described below with reference to fig. 11, 12, and 13:

according to the fruit type difference of detecting fruit, make fruit backup pad 80 reciprocate along controlling the cell type through-hole to adjust fruit supporting bench 73's height, make the geometric center that detects fruit coincide with the geometric center of angle modulation dish middle part circular through-hole 11.

As shown in FIG. 11, for detecting apples by diffuse reflection detection, the halogen lamp cup is 100W. The light sources are arranged on the left side and the right side above the apple, the light sources irradiate towards the lower portion of the equator of the apple, stray light is shielded by the fact that the diameter of the equator of the apple is large, the spectrum receiving mechanism is located right above the apple, the fan is turned on firstly for heat dissipation, and then the light sources and the spectrometer are turned on.

As shown in fig. 12, for example, in the case of detecting the watermelon in a diffuse transmission detection manner, according to the physiological structures of the watermelon and the melon, the peel of the calyx is thinnest, and the calyx is placed under the wash, which is beneficial to acquiring more internal information. The halogen lamp cup used was 100W. The light source is arranged on the left side and the right side of the watermelon, the spectrum receiving mechanism is arranged at the bottom, the fan is firstly turned on for heat dissipation, and then the light source and the spectrometer are turned on. The light emitted by the halogen lamp irradiates the surface of the watermelon, part of visible near-infrared light is directly reflected by a mirror surface, and part of visible infrared light penetrates through the peel to carry pulp information, is received by the bottom optical fiber probe 35 and then is transmitted to the spectrometer;

for the example of transmission detection of citrus fruit as shown in fig. 13, the halogen lamp cup used is 100W. Placing a light source right above the citrus, arranging a spectrum receiving mechanism at the bottom, firstly opening a fan for heat dissipation, and then opening the light source and a spectrometer;

the following specifically describes the effect of modeling and predicting the apple sample according to the embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 14, 15, and 16:

fig. 14 is a scatter diagram of the measured value and the predicted value of the apple soluble solid (sugar content) in the diffuse reflection mode of the present invention.

The setting conditions of the illumination parameters are as follows: the left and right sides are respectively provided with a spectrum emission mechanism 20, the irradiation angle of a light source is 45 degrees, and an external spectrum receiving mechanism 30 is arranged right above. In order to improve the accuracy of the model and simplify the prediction model, an SG smoothing algorithm which is an average algorithm for fitting a polynomial to data points and is necessary for optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio is firstly used, then a CARS algorithm is used for screening effective variables, the prediction accuracy of the apple SSC quantitative model can be improved, and a Partial Least Squares (PLS) method is used for establishing a correction model for 360 samples. The obtained correction model is used for predicting the remaining 120 verification set samples, and the modeling effect and the prediction effect are shown in fig. 14. Wherein the correlation coefficients of the correction set and the prediction set are Rc-0.940 and Rp-0.938 respectively; the root mean square error of the corrected and predicted sets is RMSEC-0.658 and RMSEP-0.638, respectively. Therefore, the prediction result of the device is ideal, and the device has strong prediction capability on the apple brix.

Fig. 15 is a scatter diagram of the measured value and the predicted value of the apple soluble solid (sugar content) in the diffuse transmission mode according to the present invention.

The setting conditions of the illumination parameters are as follows: the left side and the right side are respectively provided with a spectrum emission mechanism 20, the irradiation angle of a light source is 45 degrees, and a spectrum receiving mechanism is arranged at the bottom. First, standard variable normal transformation (SNV) is used, which is mainly used to eliminate the influence of solid particle size, surface scattering and optical path change on the spectrum, and then a Partial Least Squares (PLS) method is used to build a calibration model for 360 samples. The obtained correction model is used for predicting the remaining 120 verification set samples, and the modeling effect and the prediction effect are respectively shown in fig. 15. Wherein the correlation coefficients of the correction set and the prediction set are respectively Rc-0.912 and Rp-0.900; the root mean square error of the correction set and the prediction set was RMSEC 0.766 and RMSEP 0.893, respectively. Therefore, the prediction result of the device is ideal, and the device has strong prediction capability on the apple brix.

Fig. 16 is a scattergram of the measured value and the predicted value of the apple soluble solid (sugar content) in the transmission method according to the present invention. The setting conditions of the illumination parameters are as follows: the upper part is provided with a spectrum emission mechanism 20, the irradiation angle of a light source is 90 degrees, and a spectrum receiving mechanism is arranged at the bottom. First, the SG smoothing algorithm, which is an averaging algorithm that fits a polynomial to the data points, is necessary to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio; then, Multivariate Scattering Correction (MSC) is used, which can eliminate scattering influence caused by uneven particle distribution and particle size; finally, a correction model is established for 360 samples using Partial Least Squares (PLS). The obtained correction model is used for predicting the remaining 120 verification set samples, and the modeling effect and the prediction effect are respectively shown in fig. 16. Wherein the correlation coefficients of the correction set and the prediction set are respectively Rc-0.935 and Rp-0.890; the root mean square error of the correction set and the prediction set was RMSEC 0.662 and RMSEP 0.931, respectively. Therefore, the prediction result of the device is ideal, and the device has strong prediction capability on the apple brix.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate only specific embodiments of the invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the invention should be considered as within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. An optical detection device for the internal quality of fruit, comprising:

an angle and distance adjustment mechanism: comprises an angle adjusting disc, a scale plate fixed around the angle adjusting disc and a fruit supporting plate fixed at the middle lower part of the angle adjusting disc;

a spectral emission mechanism: the device comprises a plurality of emission units which are symmetrically arranged on an angle adjusting disc, wherein each emission unit comprises a middle spectrum emission assembly and two end spectrum emission assemblies; the two-end spectrum emission assemblies are connected to the two ends of the middle spectrum emission assembly through bolts;

an external spectrum receiver: the angle and distance adjusting mechanism is arranged on a group of scale plates of the angle and distance adjusting mechanism and is used for receiving the visible/near infrared spectrum acting on the fruits;

a bottom spectrum receiver: the fruit tray is arranged at the upper part of a fruit supporting plate at the bottom of the angle and distance adjusting mechanism and consists of a bottom receiving assembly and a fruit tray assembly;

an auxiliary function mechanism: comprises a box body and a heat radiation component arranged on the inner wall of the box body.

2. An optical detection device for the internal quality of fruit according to claim 1, wherein: the angle and distance adjustment mechanism includes:

the fruit supporting plate comprises an angle adjusting plate, a fruit supporting plate and a fruit supporting plate, wherein the middle part of the angle adjusting plate is provided with a circular through hole, the periphery of the circular through hole is provided with two annular through holes with different diameters, an inner annular through hole and an outer annular through hole, the middle lower part of the circular through hole is provided with four fruit supporting plate through holes, and the bottom of the angle adjusting plate is provided with eight right-angle connecting;

the two scale plates are arranged on the inner annular through hole and the outer annular through hole of the angle adjusting disc, and the front ends of the two scale plates are provided with scale plate front end through holes for connecting an external spectrum receiving mechanism and a spectrum emitting mechanism;

and the two fruit supporting plates are arranged at the middle lower part of the angle adjusting disc, a left groove-shaped through hole and a right groove-shaped through hole are formed in the fruit supporting plates, and through holes are formed in the front ends of the fruit supporting plates and used for being connected with the bottom spectrum receiving mechanism.

3. An optical detection device for the internal quality of fruit according to claim 2, wherein: the intermediate spectrum emission assembly comprises:

the middle lamp holder is arranged at the front end of the group of scale plates and used for fixing the halogen lamp cup;

a plano-convex lens arranged at the front end of the halogen lamp cup and used for focusing light on the fruit;

a halogen lamp cup disposed on the middle lamp holder for providing visible/near infrared spectrum;

and the halogen lamp cup is fixed on the middle lamp bracket by the positioning steel wire.

4. An optical device for detecting the internal quality of fruit according to claim 3, wherein: the two-end spectral emission assembly comprises:

the two lamp brackets at two ends are arranged at the front ends of the group of scale plates and used for fixing the halogen lamp cup;

the two plano-convex lenses are arranged at the front end of the halogen lamp cup and are used for focusing light on the fruit;

the two halogen lamp cups are arranged on the lamp brackets at the two ends and are used for providing visible/near infrared spectrums;

two positioning steel wires; the halogen lamp cup is fixed on the lamp brackets at the two ends by the positioning steel wire.

5. An optical device for detecting the internal quality of fruit according to claim 4, wherein: the external spectrum receiving mechanism includes:

the probe frame is arranged at the front ends of the group of scale plates, a cylindrical boss is arranged at the front end of the probe frame, a stepped hole is formed in the front end of the cylindrical boss, and a threaded hole is formed in the rear end of the cylindrical boss;

the convex lens is arranged in a stepped hole at the front end of the cylindrical boss of the probe frame and is used for focusing visible/near infrared light;

the convex lens rubber ring is arranged at the front end of the convex lens and is matched with the stepped hole to fix the convex lens to prevent the convex lens from sliding off;

and the optical fiber probe is arranged in the threaded hole of the probe frame and is matched with the optical fiber probe positioning assembly to be arranged on the focus of the convex lens.

6. An optical device for detecting the internal quality of fruit according to claim 5, wherein: the optical fiber probe positioning assembly comprises a semi-cylindrical left optical fiber probe positioning cylinder and a semi-cylindrical right optical fiber probe positioning cylinder.

7. An optical device for detecting the internal quality of fruit according to claim 6, wherein: the bottom spectrum receiving assembly comprises:

the fruit supporting table is arranged at the upper part of the fruit supporting plate, the upper end of the middle part of the fruit supporting table is provided with a stepped hole, and the lower end of the middle part of the fruit supporting table is provided with a threaded hole;

the bottom convex lens is arranged in a stepped hole at the upper end of the middle part of the fruit supporting platform and is used for focusing visible/near infrared light;

the bottom convex lens rubber ring is arranged at the front end of the bottom convex lens and is matched with the stepped hole to fix the bottom convex lens to prevent the bottom convex lens from sliding off;

and the optical fiber probe is arranged in the large threaded hole at the lower end of the middle part of the fruit supporting table and is matched with the optical fiber probe positioning component to be arranged on the focus of the convex lens.

8. An optical device for detecting the internal quality of fruit according to claim 7, wherein: the fruit tray subassembly include shading packing ring and fruit tray, the shading packing ring is located on the convex tooth of the inside cylinder boss of fruit tray, fruit tray locates fruit brace table upper portion.

9. An optical device for detecting the internal quality of fruit according to claim 8, wherein: the auxiliary function mechanism comprises:

a box body which comprises a door, hinges and a shell and is used for providing a dark environment and fixing other mechanisms;

the heat dissipation assembly comprises a protection cover and a fan, wherein the protection cover is arranged right ahead inside the box body and used for fixing the fan and preventing the fan blades from hurting people, and the fan is arranged inside the protection cover and used for dissipating heat for a light source.

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