CN211332452U

CN211332452U - Machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN211332452U
Application number: CN201922373737.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王阳; 赵小宣; 许文娟
Original assignee: Beijing Fanuc Mechatronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Fanuc Mechatronics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-25
Filing date: 2019-12-25
Publication date: 2020-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-25

Abstract

The utility model provides a machine tool, which comprises a carrying mechanism, a processing mechanism and a controller; the conveying mechanism is provided with a first recognizer, conveys workpieces and recognizes the process information of the workpieces by the first recognizer; the processing mechanism comprises a cutter and a main shaft connected with the cutter, the main shaft and the cutter are mutually thermally conducted, and a temperature sensor is arranged on the main shaft; the controller is respectively electrically connected with the carrying mechanism, the first recognizer, the temperature sensor and the processing mechanism, and controls the processing mechanism to process the workpiece according to the recognition result of the first recognizer and the detection result of the temperature sensor. The utility model provides a pair of machine tool, its intelligent degree is high, and processing that can be stable goes out high quality product.

Description

Machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of machinery, concretely relates to lathe.

Background

With the development of intelligent manufacturing, various advanced technologies and intelligent products have come into existence, for example, various robots applied to different places and intelligent devices such as 3D printers have appeared. However, although a certain amount of modification and upgrade are performed on conventional machining equipment such as machine tools, the degree of intelligence still remains low, only partial function automation can be achieved, a large amount of human resources still need to be invested in the operation process, the production efficiency and the machining quality mainly depend on the technical level of an operator, and therefore, the quality of products is difficult to ensure.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the utility model provides a machine tool, its intelligent degree is high, and processing that can be stable goes out high quality product.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a machine tool, including a carrying mechanism, a processing mechanism, and a controller;

the conveying mechanism is provided with a first recognizer, conveys workpieces and recognizes the process information of the workpieces by the first recognizer;

the processing mechanism comprises a cutter and a main shaft connected with the cutter, the main shaft and the cutter are mutually thermally conducted, and a temperature sensor is arranged on the main shaft;

the controller is respectively electrically connected with the carrying mechanism, the first recognizer, the temperature sensor and the processing mechanism, and controls the processing mechanism to process the workpiece according to the recognition result of the first recognizer and the detection result of the temperature sensor.

Optionally, the machine tool further comprises a tool setting gauge for detecting the tool wear value, and the tool setting gauge is electrically connected with the controller;

and the controller controls the machining mechanism to machine the workpiece according to the detection result of the tool setting gauge, the identification result of the first identifier and the detection result of the temperature sensor.

Optionally, the machine tool further comprises a zero-point quick-change clamp, a clamp for clamping the workpiece is arranged on the zero-point quick-change clamp, and the zero-point quick-change clamp is electrically connected with the controller.

Optionally, a second identifier for identifying the type of the fixture is arranged on a side portion of the zero-point quick-change fixture, and the second identifier is electrically connected with the controller.

Optionally, the machine tool further comprises a first placing frame, the first placing frame is arranged on the side portion of the machining mechanism, the first placing frame is provided with the tool and a detection probe for detecting the machining error of the workpiece, and the detection probe is electrically connected with the controller;

the machining mechanism further comprises a driving structure for driving the main shaft to move, and the main shaft is connected with the driving structure;

the driving structure is used for driving the main shaft to move to the first placing frame, and a tool connected with the main shaft is replaced by the detection measuring head;

and the controller controls the machining mechanism to machine the workpiece according to the detection result of the detection measuring head.

Optionally, the main shaft is provided with a vibration sensor, the vibration sensor being electrically connected with the controller.

Optionally, the machine tool further comprises a base and a shell, the shell is arranged around the upper end of the base, and an opening is formed in one side of the shell;

the carrying mechanism and the processing mechanism are respectively arranged on the base and are positioned in the shell.

Optionally, two opposite sides of the opening are provided with light curtains or light gratings electrically connected with the controller.

Optionally, the first identifier is an RFID radio frequency reader, an electronic tag is disposed on the surface of the workpiece, and the process information is stored in the electronic tag.

Optionally, the handling mechanism is an industrial robot.

The utility model discloses in, by transport mechanism to work piece automatic feeding to through the process information of first recognizer identification work piece in the material loading, after the process information of first recognizer feedback was received to the controller, according to process information control processing agency carries out automatic processing to the work piece, simultaneously, by the processing temperature of temperature sensor collection cutter, the controller is after the temperature value of the cutter of receiving the temperature sensor feedback, confirms to carry out temperature compensation's compensation value to the cutter, and revises above-mentioned process information based on this compensation value, and after the completion is to the processing of work piece, carries out automatic unloading to the work piece by transport mechanism again. It is thus clear that adopt the embodiment of the utility model provides a lathe can realize the automatic processing to the work piece and carry out the automatic correction to processing technology, and its intelligent degree is high, and high quality product is gone out in processing that can be stable.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a carrying mechanism 1, a processing mechanism 2, and a controller 3;

the conveying mechanism 1 is provided with a first recognizer 4, the conveying mechanism 1 conveys workpieces, and the first recognizer 4 recognizes the process information of the workpieces;

the processing mechanism 2 comprises a cutter and a main shaft connected with the cutter, the main shaft and the cutter are mutually thermally conducted, and a temperature sensor is arranged on the main shaft;

the controller 3 is electrically connected to the carrying mechanism 1, the first identifier 4, the temperature sensor, and the processing mechanism 2, respectively, and the controller 3 controls the processing mechanism 2 to process the workpiece according to the identification result of the first identifier 4 and the detection result of the temperature sensor.

The machine tool can be a numerical control machine tool, the machine tool can also comprise a numerical control device 12, the carrying mechanism 1 can be a common carrying robot, and feeding and discharging can be automatically carried out in the machining process by arranging the carrying mechanism 1; the processing mechanism 2 can be common processing equipment such as a turning mechanism, milling equipment, drilling equipment and the like, and the processing mechanism 2 is arranged to process a workpiece; the controller 3 can be an industrial personal computer, a plurality of processing modes for processing different workpieces can be stored in the controller 3 in advance, and corresponding starting buttons are arranged, so that the automatic processing of the workpieces can be realized by only rotating the corresponding processing modes and the equipment, and in addition, software systems such as MT-Link i, mes and the like can be selected and matched for the controller 3, and the integration of automation and informatization is realized.

Before the workpieces are machined, a first label 7 containing the process information can be pasted on each workpiece, the first label 7 can be an electronic label, the process information can be a numerical control program, and the numerical control program can include parameters such as a working procedure and a process for machining the workpieces, so that the process information in the first label 7 is identified through the first identifier 4, the numerical control program required for machining the workpieces can be obtained, the controller 3 can control the machining mechanism 2 to execute the numerical control program to automatically machine the workpieces after receiving the numerical control program fed back by the first identifier 4, the machined workpieces are moved away by the carrying mechanism 1 after the machining is finished, personnel participation is not needed in the process, the automation degree is high, and the quality of the machined products is relatively stable.

The carrying mechanism 1 may include a carrying end for carrying the workpiece, for example, when the carrying mechanism 1 is a carrying robot, the carrying end may be a gripper of the carrying robot, and the first recognizer 4 may be disposed on the carrying end of the carrying mechanism 1, for example, when the carrying end is a gripper, the first recognizer 4 may be disposed outside one of the fingers; the first identifier 4 may be an electronic component capable of identifying process information in the first tag 7, such as a code scanning gun or an RFID reader/writer.

In order to realize mutual heat conduction of the main shaft and the cutter, when the cutter is installed, the main shaft can be in direct contact with the cutter, for example, a hole site for installing the cutter can be arranged at the end part of the main shaft, then the cutter is directly installed in the hole site to ensure that the cutter is in direct contact with the main shaft, in addition, the main shaft and the cutter can be made of metal materials with similar performance and good heat conduction effect, and therefore the temperature of the main shaft is basically the same as that of the cutter when a workpiece is machined.

Specifically, the working process of the machine tool may be: the processing mode of the corresponding workpiece is started through the controller 3, the carrying robot drives the first recognizer 4 to move to the position of the workpiece to be processed, the first recognizer 4 recognizes the first label 7 on the workpiece to be processed to obtain process information, the obtained process information is fed back to the controller 3, then the workpiece to be processed is carried to the processing station through the carrying mechanism 1, at the moment, the temperature sensor detects the processing temperature of the cutter and feeds the detection result back to the controller 3, the corresponding relation between the temperature of the cutter and the temperature compensation value can be stored in the controller 3 in advance, and therefore the controller 3 corrects the process information based on the determined temperature compensation value, and the processing precision of the workpiece is improved. The specific implementation manner of the controller 3 correcting the process information based on the determined temperature compensation value may be: after the temperature compensation value is determined, a cutter compensation program is automatically generated, the controller 3 controls the processing mechanism 2 to process the workpiece according to the process information to obtain a first workpiece, and then controls the processing mechanism 2 to perform secondary processing on the first workpiece according to the cutter compensation program.

Optionally, the machine tool further comprises a tool setting gauge 5 for detecting the tool wear value, and the tool setting gauge 5 is electrically connected with the controller 3;

and the controller 3 controls the machining mechanism 2 to machine the workpiece according to the detection result of the tool setting gauge 5, the identification result of the first identifier 4 and the detection result of the temperature sensor.

The tool setting gauge 5 may be a full-automatic tool setting Arm (HPMA), and the tool setting gauge 5 may be disposed at a side of the worktable 10, so that the tool setting gauge 5 may detect a wear value of a tool conveniently.

Specifically, before the workpiece is machined, the wear value of the tool may be detected by the tool setting gauge 5, and the detection result is fed back to the controller 3, and the corresponding relationship between the wear value of the tool and the compensation value of the tool may be stored in the controller 3 in advance, so that the controller 3 further corrects the process information based on the determined compensation value of the tool to further improve the machining precision of the workpiece, where a specific implementation manner of correcting the process information based on the determined compensation value of the tool by the controller 3 may be referred to as a process of correcting the process information based on the determined compensation value of the temperature by the controller 3, and is not described herein again to avoid repetition.

Optionally, the machine tool further includes a first placing frame 15, the first placing frame 15 is disposed on a side portion of the machining mechanism 2, the first placing frame 15 is provided with the tool and a detection probe 16 for detecting a machining error of the workpiece, and the detection probe 16 is electrically connected to the controller 3;

the machining mechanism 2 further comprises a driving structure for driving the main shaft to move, and the main shaft is connected with the driving structure;

the driving structure is used for driving the main shaft to move to the first placing frame 15, and replacing a tool connected with the main shaft with the detection measuring head 16;

the controller 3 controls the machining mechanism 2 to machine the workpiece according to the detection result of the detection probe 16.

Wherein, above-mentioned first rack 15 can be common cutter rack, and wherein, above-mentioned cutter and detection gauge head 16 all can place on this cutter rack, just the link that the cutter is used for being connected with the main shaft can be the same with the link that detection gauge head 16 is used for being connected with the main shaft to make the main shaft can be connected with the cutter, also can be connected with detection gauge head 16, conveniently change the cutter for detecting gauge head 16. Further, the above-mentioned detection probe 16 may be a machine tool probe, and since machine tool probes are classified by function, they are classified into a workpiece detection probe 16 and a tool detection probe 16, and more specifically, the detection probe 16 may be a workpiece detection probe 16.

Specifically, before machining, the machining mechanism 2 may drive the spindle to move to the first placing frame 15, the tool on the spindle is replaced with the detection probe 16, then the spindle is driven to move to the upper side of the workpiece, and the position of the workpiece is detected by the detection probe 16, so that a machining reference coordinate system is automatically established, the subsequent controller 3 controls the machining mechanism 2 to execute the process information with the coordinate system (i.e., the machining reference coordinate system) where the workpiece is located as a reference, and the machining precision of the workpiece is further improved. After a processing reference coordinate system is established, the controller 3 drives the main shaft to move to the first placing frame 15, the detection measuring head 16 on the main shaft is replaced by a cutter, the workpiece is processed according to the corrected process information, after the processing is finished, the cutter on the main shaft is replaced by the detection measuring head 16, the workpiece is detected again through the detection measuring head 16 to determine the error value of the processed workpiece, the detected error value is fed back to the controller 3, the controller 3 judges whether the error value is within a preset range or not, if the error value is within the preset range, the workpiece is qualified and can be blanked, if the error value is determined to be beyond the preset range, a cutter compensation program is generated according to the error value, the generated cutter compensation program is fed back to the numerical control device 12, the numerical control device 12 controls the processing mechanism 2 to further process the workpiece, and thus, the on-machine detection can be realized in the process of processing the workpiece, so that the processing efficiency and the processing precision of the workpiece are further improved.

Optionally, the mechanical mechanic equipment further includes a workbench 10, the workbench 10 may be provided with a fixture 6 for clamping a workpiece, the fixture 6 may be connected to the workbench 10 through a common connector, such as a bolt, or the like, optionally, the fixture 6 may also be connected to the workbench 10 through a quick-change fixture, so as to facilitate quick-change fixture 6 of the equipment, wherein the quick-change fixture may be a zero-point quick-change fixture in any one of the prior art. Thereby facilitating the rapid positioning of the clamp 6 and reducing the time consumed for replacing the clamp 6.

In addition, the machine tool further comprises a second recognizer 14 and a second placing frame 11, the second recognizer 14 can be arranged on the side part of the zero point quick-change clamp, a plurality of types of clamps 6 are stored on the second placing frame 11, an electronic tag can be pasted on each clamp 6, and information such as the specific model of the clamp 6 can be recorded in the electronic tag.

Specifically, after the jig 6 on the table 10 is replaced, the second tag on the jig 6 on the table 10 may be recognized by the second recognizer 14 to determine whether the replaced jig 6 is the target jig, and when it is determined that the jig 6 on the table 10 is not the target jig, the jig 6 may be automatically replaced or an alarm signal may be output. Thereby further improved the embodiment of the utility model provides an intelligent degree of lathe.

Optionally, the spindle is provided with a vibration sensor, which is electrically connected to the controller 3. The temperature sensor and the vibration sensor may be packaged as one sensor module 17, and the sensor module 17 may be fixedly mounted on the main shaft.

Specifically, through set up vibration sensor on the main shaft, so, vibration sensor can real-time detection main shaft's vibration value to feed back real-time detection result to controller 3, whether controller 3 is in normal range through the vibration value of judging the main shaft, so, whether normal with the confirmed main shaft operating mode, when confirming that the vibration value of main shaft surpasss normal range, in time shut down and report to the police through the alarm that sets up on the lathe, so that the suggestion operating personnel in time handles the trouble.

Optionally, the machine tool further comprises a base 9 and a shell 18, wherein the shell 18 is arranged around the upper end of the base 9, and one side of the shell 18 is provided with an opening;

the carrying mechanism 1 and the processing mechanism 2 are respectively arranged on the base 9 and are positioned inside the shell 18.

Wherein, above-mentioned transport mechanism 1, processing agency 2, workstation 10, tool setting appearance 5, first rack 15 can be arranged in respectively on the base 9, and be located the inside of casing 18 is through setting up casing 18 to the inside mechanism and the outside of messenger's lathe are separated relatively, thereby have improved the utility model provides a holistic security of lathe. In addition, one side of the shell 18 is provided with an opening, so that the maintenance of the internal mechanism of the machine tool or the taking and placing of workpieces and the like by an operator are facilitated. Wherein, above-mentioned opening part can set up the switch door, when need not the operation, can close this opening, in addition, can set up the window on above-mentioned casing 18, makes things convenient for the operator to know the condition in the equipment in real time.

Optionally, two opposite sides of the opening are provided with light curtains 13 or light gratings electrically connected to the controller 3.

Specifically, through setting up light curtain 13 or grating, whether real-time detection has interference factor (like the staff) to get into in the casing 18 from the opening, when confirming that there is interference factor to get into in the casing 18, with detected signal feedback to controller 3, controller 3 can control the alarm and report to the police or control each mechanism stop work in the casing 18 to avoid causing the injury to personnel, thereby further improved the holistic security of equipment.

Optionally, both the first identifier 4 and the second identifier 14 may be RFID radio frequency readers, and an electronic tag is disposed on the surface of the workpiece, and the process information is stored in the electronic tag.

Specifically, the electronic tag can be used for storing process information for processing a workpiece, and the RFID radio frequency reader-writer can read the process information in the electronic tag and write the process information into the electronic tag, so that the process information in the electronic tag is read by the RFID radio frequency reader-writer during feeding, and the process information of the next process for processing the workpiece is written into the electronic tag by the RFID radio frequency reader-writer during discharging, so that the next process can be smoothly performed, and in addition, the tag can be taken down after processing is completed, so that recycling is realized.

Optionally, the carrying mechanism 1 is an industrial robot, referring to fig. 1, the processing mechanism 2 includes a gantry, a first linear module, a second linear module, a driving motor, a spindle and a tool, the gantry is fixedly mounted on the base 9, the first linear module is horizontally mounted on the upper portion of the gantry, the second linear module is connected to a motion output end of the first linear module, the driving motor is connected to a motion output end of the second linear module, the spindle is connected to a motion output end of the driving motor, the tool is connected to the spindle, the tool can be driven to perform a planar motion by a cooperation action of the first linear module and the second linear module, wherein the first placing frame 15 can be located below the gantry and place at least one tool and at least one detection probe 16 along a direction of the first linear module, therefore, the machining mechanism 2 is convenient to replace a cutter or detect the measuring head 16, and in addition, the cutter is driven to rotate by the driving motor, so that a workpiece is conveniently machined, wherein the cutter can be a drill bit.

Because the teaching machine tool applied to teaching in the prior art usually adopts the traditional machine tool, and the traditional machine tool has been gradually replaced by the intelligent machine tool in the production practice, talents cultivated by the traditional machine tool are unfamiliar with the intelligent machine tool, which leads to the disjointed teaching and production practice, and further leads to the teaching quality not meeting the requirements of the production practice. Even if some teaching bases gradually introduce intelligent machine tools into teaching practice, because each type of intelligent machine tool may adopt different advanced technologies, in order to enable a student to master multiple advanced technologies, the teaching base generally needs to purchase intelligent machine tools of multiple types to teach different advanced technologies, so that the cost of equipment for teaching is increased, and the intelligent machine tools cannot be popularized in teaching practice.

And the embodiment of the utility model provides a lathe intelligent degree is high, has integrateed advanced technologies such as intelligent sensing technique, intellectual detection system technique, RFID radio frequency technology, safety in production technique, CNC technique, AI thermal compensation technique, consequently, can regard above-mentioned lathe as the teaching lathe to use to can effectual reduction teaching cost.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine tool is characterized by comprising a carrying mechanism, a processing mechanism and a controller;

2. The machine tool of claim 1, further comprising a tool setting gauge that detects the value of tool wear, the tool setting gauge being electrically connected to the controller;

3. The machine tool according to claim 2, further comprising a zero-point quick-change clamp, wherein a clamp for clamping the workpiece is arranged on the zero-point quick-change clamp, and the zero-point quick-change clamp is electrically connected with the controller.

4. Machine tool according to claim 3, characterised in that the side of the zero point quick-change clamp is provided with a second identifier identifying the type of clamp, which second identifier is electrically connected to the controller.

5. The machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a first placing frame, wherein the first placing frame is arranged on the side portion of the machining mechanism, the first placing frame is provided with the tool and a detection probe for detecting the machining error of the workpiece, and the detection probe is electrically connected with the controller;

6. The machine tool of claim 1, wherein the spindle is provided with a vibration sensor, the vibration sensor being electrically connected to the controller.

7. The machine tool of claim 1, further comprising a base and a housing, the housing being disposed around an upper end of the base, and one side of the housing being provided with an opening;

8. The machine tool of claim 7 wherein the two opposing sides of the opening are provided with light curtains or light gratings electrically connected to the controller.

9. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the first identifier is an RFID radio frequency reader, and an electronic tag is provided on a surface of the workpiece, and the process information is stored in the electronic tag.

10. Machine tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the handling mechanism is an industrial robot.