CN211322005U

CN211322005U - Air-suction type precision seed sowing device

Info

Publication number: CN211322005U
Application number: CN201922315998.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周宴雨; 王博; 于春涛; 邱玉博; 王铭娅
Original assignee: Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
Current assignee: Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-12-21
Filing date: 2019-12-21
Publication date: 2020-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-21

Abstract

The utility model relates to an air-suction type precision seed sowing device, which relates to the field of agricultural machinery and is formed by fixing a left shell and a right shell by fastening bolts, and a seed sowing disk divides the seed sowing device into a left seed distribution chamber and a right air chamber; a stepped partition board is arranged in the seed distribution chamber from the front side inlet at the upper end to the bottom of the rear side to divide the seed distribution chamber into an upper seed carrying area at the front side and a seed sowing area at the lower part, a seed cleaning area at the upper part of the rear side and a seed selecting area at the lower part; a seed discharging port is arranged on the left shell at the lower part of the seed discharging area, a clapboard matched with the transverse clapboard of the stepped clapboard is arranged at the rear upper part of the left shell of the seed cleaning area, a seed cleaning claw is embedded in the right side of the clapboard, and seed sucking holes are arranged on the periphery of the outer ring of the seed discharging disc at equal intervals; the right side of the seed plate is fixed with a pressure plate which is embedded in the right shell. The seed collection and treatment work that drops is accomplished to this device in the course of the work, and the seed relies on self gravity to fall into the right below opening part that guide way and baffle formed, is inhaled by seed metering dish seed suction hole, and the seed is piled up and is lost when reducing the seeding.

Description

Air-suction type precision seed sowing device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an air-aspiration type precise seed sowing device.

Background

The existing air-suction type seed sowing device is generally too complex in structure, and the complexity of the structure can cause certain difficulty in the optimization process of an airflow field of the seed sowing device; most seed metering devices are focused on the research of an airflow field and the research of the size of a seed suction hole on a corresponding seed metering disc, such as the publications with the publication numbers of CN106612788A and CN209572400U, but the problem that the seed metering disc in the seed metering device has fallen off seeds during the rotation process of carrying the seeds is not solved, and if excessive seeds are accumulated in a certain area, the normal operation of the seed metering device is influenced after the seeds reach a certain amount.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical scheme of the utility model, aim at in overcoming prior art not enough, provide an air-aspiration type precision seed metering ware.

The utility model relates to an air-suction type precision seed sowing device, which is formed by fastening a left shell and a right shell by bolts, wherein a seed sowing plate is arranged in the seed sowing device to divide the seed sowing plate into a left seed distribution chamber and a right air chamber; the upper part of the left shell is connected with a seed inlet communicated with a seed distribution chamber, a stepped partition plate is arranged from the front inlet at the upper end to the bottom of the rear side in the seed distribution chamber to divide the seed distribution chamber into an upper seed carrying area at the front side and a seed discharging area at the lower part, a seed cleaning area at the upper part of the rear side and a seed selecting area at the lower part; a seed discharging port is arranged on the left shell at the lower part of the seed discharging area, a partition plate matched with the transverse partition plate of the stepped partition plate is arranged at the rear upper part of the left shell of the seed cleaning area, a seed cleaning claw is embedded in the right side of the partition plate and is in clearance fit with the disk surface of the seed discharging disk, seed sucking holes are arranged on the outer circumference of the seed discharging disk at equal intervals, and one end head of the central driving shaft penetrates through the left shell and is fixed with the seed discharging disk; the right side of the seed discharging plate is fixed with a pressing plate which is embedded into the right shell, and a sealing gasket is arranged at the connecting part of the right shell and the left shell.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the end of the central driving shaft is fixed with an end cover which is fixed by the disks at the two sides of the seed-metering disk.

As a further improvement, the guide plate below the seed-taking area is fixed with the vertical edge of the vertical partition plate below the stepped partition plate, the guide groove on the guide plate is communicated with the outlet on the vertical partition plate, a seed-metering area is formed between the guide plate and the left shell, and the seed-metering area is communicated with the seed-metering port.

As a further improvement, the center of the sealing gasket is provided with a hole which is the same as the outer diameter of the pressing plate, the outer ring periphery of the hole is provided with an air flow port, the left end of the pressing plate is provided with an opening edge wall and a right end which are closed, the right end of the pressing plate passes through the hole to be seated in the right shell, the diameter of the pressing plate is smaller than that of the right shell, a gap is reserved between the outer wall ring periphery of the pressing plate and the inner wall of the right shell, and the upper part of the right shell is provided with an air induction port which.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the inner wall of the left shell, the seed discharging disc and the inner wall of the right shell are annular, and the outer ring of the seed discharging disc is matched with the inner annular wall of the left shell.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the claw tip part of the seed cleaning claw is close to the upper hole wall of the seed sucking hole.

The utility model discloses an air-suction type precision seed metering ware, structural design is reasonable, the seed collection and the processing work that drop are accomplished in the course of the work, the seed relies on self gravity to fall into the right side below opening part that guide way and baffle formed, inhale by the seed suction hole of seed metering dish, the seed metering dish is at the rotation in-process, clear kind of claw is scraped unnecessary seed above that and is made it still fall into right side below opening part and inhaled the hole again and inhale, remaining seed has if drop at the pivoted in-process on the seed metering dish, will get into the entry of guide way, export roll-off from the guide way along the guide way gets into right side below opening part, the seed that causes when reducing the seeding is piled up and the loss, especially this type seed metering ware can increase substantially the seeding efficiency and the precision of crops when large-scale agricultural machinery sows, there is better performance in agricultural mechanized operation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the seed particle distribution chamber of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the partition plate and the seed cleaning claw of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the seed distributing chamber, the partition plate and the seed cleaning claw according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The utility model relates to an air-suction type precision seed sowing device, which is formed by fastening a left shell 1 and a right shell 3 by bolts, wherein a seed sowing disk 2 is arranged in the seed sowing device to divide the seed sowing disk into a left seed distribution chamber and a right air chamber; the inner wall of the left shell 1, the inner wall of the seed plate 2 and the inner wall of the right shell 3 are all annular, and the outer ring of the seed plate 2 is matched with the inner annular wall of the left shell 1. The upper part of the left shell 1 is connected with a seed inlet 5 which is communicated with a seed distribution chamber, and a step-shaped division plate 6 is arranged from the front inlet of the upper end to the bottom of the rear side in the seed distribution chamber to divide the seed distribution chamber into an upper seed carrying area 21 on the front side, a seed discharging area 22 on the lower part, a seed cleaning area 23 on the upper part of the rear side and a seed selecting area 24 on the lower part.

A seed discharging port 10 is arranged on the left shell 1 at the lower part of the seed discharging area, a partition plate 8 matched with a transverse partition plate of the stepped partition plate 6 is arranged at the rear upper part of the left shell 1 of the seed cleaning area, a seed cleaning claw 9 is embedded in the right side of the partition plate 8, the seed cleaning claw 9 is in clearance fit with the disc surface of the seed discharging disc 2, and seed sucking holes 12 are arranged on the outer circumference of the seed discharging disc 2 at equal intervals; the tip of the seed cleaning claw 9 is close to the upper hole wall of the seed sucking hole 12, and the excessive seeds on the seed sucking hole 12 can be scraped off by the seed cleaning claw 9.

The lower part of the seed carrying area 21 is provided with an inclined guide plate 16 fixed with the vertical edge of the vertical partition plate below the stepped partition plate 6, a guide groove 7 on the guide plate 16 is communicated with an outlet 17 arranged on the vertical partition plate, and seeds falling off in the seed carrying area can fall in the guide groove and roll to the seed selecting area 24 along the guide groove, so that the waste of the seeds is reduced, and the adverse factors influencing the normal work of the seed sowing device are reduced. A seed metering area 22 is formed between the guide plate 16 and the left shell 1, and the seed metering area 22 is communicated with the seed metering opening 10. One end of the central driving shaft 4 penetrates through the left shell 1 and is fixed with an end cover 26, the end cover 26 fixes the seed plate 2 through the circular discs 11 at two sides of the seed plate 2, the seed plate is fixed on the fixed disc 11 and is connected with the end cover 26 of the central driving shaft 4 through the fixed disc 11.

The bottom of the right shell 3 and the position corresponding to the seeding port 10 are vertical baffles 25, the right side of the seeding disc 2 is fixed with a pressure plate 13, the radius of the pressure plate 13 is smaller than the distance from the circle center of the seeding disc 2 to the seed suction hole 12, the pressure plate 13 is embedded in the right shell 3, and a sealing gasket 14 is arranged at the connecting part of the right shell 3 and the left shell 1. The center of the sealing gasket 14 is provided with a hole 18 with the same size as the outer diameter of the pressing plate 13, the outer circumference of the hole 18 is provided with an airflow port 19, the airflow port 19 is a strip-shaped opening formed along the outer circumference of the sealing gasket 14, the airflow port 19 corresponds to the position of the suction hole 12, the bottom of the sealing gasket 14 is provided with a wind blocking surface 20 with the same shape as the vertical baffle plate 25, the left end of the pressing plate 13 is provided with an opening edge wall, the right end is a closed opening, the right end of the pressing plate 13 penetrates through the hole 18 to be seated in the right shell 3, the diameter of the pressing plate 13 is smaller than that of the right shell 3, a gap is reserved between the outer side wall circumference of the pressing plate 13 and the inner wall of the right shell 3 and corresponds to the airflow port 19, the upper part of the right shell 3 is provided with an air.

When the seed sowing device works, seeds enter a seed selection area by the aid of the gravity of the seeds in a seed inlet 5, an induced draft fan sucks the seeds outwards to enable the air pressure between gaps in a right shell 3 to be negative, the negative pressure is conducted to a seed sucking hole 12 of a seed sowing plate 2 through an air flow port 19, the seed sucking hole 12 sucks the seeds from the seed selection area, the seed sowing plate 2 rotates anticlockwise, excess seeds above the seed sucking hole 12 are scraped off by a seed cleaning claw 9 through the seed cleaning claw 9 to finish seed cleaning, the seeds are cleaned by the seed cleaning claw 9, when the seeds fall off when the seed sowing plate 2 rotates continuously, the seeds are discharged from an outlet 17 through a guide groove 7 and fall into the seed selection area again, and then are sucked up by the seed sucking hole 12 again, so that the seed accumulation and the seed sowing loss caused during sowing are reduced, when the seed sowing plate rotates to the seed sowing area, the seeds do not bear the negative pressure any more, naturally fall off by the dead weight, and are.

The utility model discloses an air-suction type precision seed metering ware, air-suction type seed metering ware in use seed breakage rate is lower, precision seeding quality is higher, can adapt to high-speed operation, and the geometric dimensions to the seed requires not tight, need not carry out choice grading to the seed, easily realizes the single seed dibble seeding, still has operation speed height in addition, seed grain evenly distributed and the advantage such as neat of emerging. In addition, when the air flow performs mechanical actions such as adsorption, transportation, throwing and the like on the seeds, the rigidity is small, and the air flow can better adapt to the shape change of the seeds; good flexibility and small mechanical damage to seeds.

Claims

1. The air-suction type precise seed sowing device is formed by fastening a left shell (1) and a right shell (3) through bolts and is characterized in that a seed sowing disk (2) is arranged in the seed sowing device to divide the seed sowing disk into a left seed distribution chamber and a right air chamber; the upper part of the left shell (1) is connected with a seed inlet (5) and communicated with a seed distribution chamber, a stepped partition plate (6) is arranged from the front side inlet at the upper end to the bottom of the rear side in the seed distribution chamber to divide the seed distribution chamber into an upper seed carrying area (21) at the front side and a seed discharging area (22) at the lower part, a seed cleaning area (23) at the upper part of the rear side and a seed selecting area (24) at the lower part; a seed discharging port (10) is arranged on a left shell (1) at the lower part of the seed discharging area, a partition plate (8) matched with a transverse partition plate of a stepped partition plate (6) is arranged at the rear upper part of the left shell (1) of the seed cleaning area, a seed cleaning claw (9) is embedded in the right side of the partition plate (8), the seed cleaning claw (9) is in clearance fit with the disc surface of the seed discharging disc (2), seed sucking holes (12) are arranged on the outer circumference of the seed discharging disc (2) at equal intervals, and one end of a central driving shaft (4) penetrates through the left shell (1) and is fixed with the seed discharging disc (2); a pressing plate (13) is fixed on the right side of the seed discharging disc (2), the pressing plate (13) is embedded into the right shell (3), and a sealing gasket (14) is arranged at the connecting part of the right shell (3) and the left shell (1).

2. An air-aspiration precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that an end cap (26) is fixed to the end of the central drive shaft (4), the end cap (26) being fixed by the disks (11) on both sides of the seed metering disk (2).

3. The air-aspiration type precision seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that an inclined guide plate (16) is arranged below the seed carrying area (21) and fixed with the vertical edge of a vertical partition plate below the stepped partition plate (6), a guide groove (7) on the guide plate (16) is communicated with an outlet (17) arranged on the vertical partition plate, a seed sowing area (22) is formed between the guide plate (16) and the left shell (1), and the seed sowing area (22) is communicated with the seed sowing port (10).

4. The air-aspiration type precision seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the center of the sealing pad (14) is provided with a hole (18) with the same size as the outer diameter of the pressure plate (13), the outer circumference of the hole (18) is provided with an air flow port (19), the left end of the pressure plate (13) is provided with an opening edge wall, the right end is closed, the right end of the pressure plate (13) passes through the hole (18) to be seated in the right casing (3), the diameter of the pressure plate (13) is smaller than that of the right casing (3), a gap is left between the outer side wall circumference of the pressure plate (13) and the inner wall of the right casing (3), and the upper part of the right casing (3) is provided with an air induction port (15.

5. The air-aspiration type precision seed sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner wall of the left shell (1), the inner wall of the seed sowing disk (2) and the inner wall of the right shell (3) are all annular, and the outer ring of the seed sowing disk (2) is matched with the inner annular wall of the left shell (1).

6. An air-aspiration precision seed metering device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the tip of the seed cleaning claw (9) is close to the upper hole wall of the seed-aspiration hole (12).