CN211318761U - Probe, detector and detection system - Google Patents
Probe, detector and detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN211318761U CN211318761U CN201921552141.9U CN201921552141U CN211318761U CN 211318761 U CN211318761 U CN 211318761U CN 201921552141 U CN201921552141 U CN 201921552141U CN 211318761 U CN211318761 U CN 211318761U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a probe, include: the flat crystal component is used for converting the gamma rays entering the flat crystal component into a plurality of visible light photons; the light receiving surface of the multi-pixel photon counter array is arranged on the flat crystal component, the multi-pixel photon counter array comprises a plurality of multi-pixel photon counters which form an array structure, and each multi-pixel photon counter is used for converting the visible light photon signal received by each multi-pixel photon counter into a current pulse so as to count the number of the visible light photons received by each multi-pixel photon counter; and the electronic circuit part is electrically connected with each multi-pixel photon counter in the multi-pixel photon counter array and is used for converting the current pulse into the voltage pulse. The probe can obtain continuous and high-resolution images and solve the problem of energy resolution deterioration possibly brought by an MPPC detection mechanism. A detector and a detection system are also disclosed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a radiation detection imaging technology field, more specifically relates to a probe, detector and detecting system.
Background
Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), which is a tomographic image of a radiopharmaceutical emitting a Single Photon obtained by detecting two-dimensional distribution of radioactivity at various angles in a nuclear medicine image, can reflect functions, metabolism and physiological conditions in a living body due to the distribution of the radiopharmaceutical in the living body. The small animal SPECT is a SPECT system manufactured aiming at the characteristics of small animals, generally has the characteristics of small visual field and high resolution, is mostly used for scientific research works such as new drug research, disease mechanism research and the like, has larger requirements on the small animal SPECT, and can help medical workers and scientific researchers to know the metabolic condition of drugs in the small animal body and the position and the metabolic condition of focus.
The multi-pixel photon counter, also known as MPPC, is a type of silicon photomultiplier. MPPC is operated in Geiger mode by multiple MPPCsAlthough the Avalanche PhotoDiode (APD) is essentially an optical semiconductor, the Avalanche PhotoDiode has excellent photon counting capability, is suitable for monitoring the occasions of extremely weak light at the photon counting level, has the characteristics of low-voltage operation, high photon detection efficiency, quick response, excellent time resolution, wide spectral response range and the like, and can exert the advantages of a solid-state device in magnetic field interference resistance and mechanical impact resistance. The MPPC is comprised of a plurality of APDs operating in geiger mode. First, an APD is a photodiode with high speed and high sensitivity, which can avalanche amplify a photocurrent when a certain reverse bias voltage is applied. When the reverse bias voltage of the APD is set to be higher than the breakdown voltage, the internal electric field is stronger and the photocurrent is obtained by 105～106This mode of operation is referred to as the "geiger mode" of the APD.
At present, the small animal SPECT, the form of the probe includes the following:
A. the continuous crystal and the discrete photomultiplier are the most classical structure, the probe of the type is called an Anger type probe, the edge of the crystal is a non-sensitive area, and the probe is huge and cannot be applied to a magnetic field;
B. the continuous crystal and the position sensitive photomultiplier, the edge of the crystal is a non-sensitive area, the price is high, and the crystal cannot be applied to a magnetic field;
C. the resolution ratio is not high, and the discrete crystal, the light guide and the multi-photon photomultiplier can not be applied to a magnetic field;
D. the discrete crystal and the position sensitive photomultiplier have serious image mosaic phenomenon and high cost, and cannot be applied to a magnetic field;
E. the discrete crystal and the multi-pixel photon counter have serious image mosaic phenomenon and low detection efficiency.
In related applications of MPPC, particularly high energy applications, it has been found that in the case of a concentrated distribution of secondary photons across the APD, i.e. a relatively high photon density received by the APD, a reduction in the total photon count occurs, i.e. the output signal amplitude is not linear with the input signal intensity. This is determined by the mode of operation of the APD: for an APD unit, no matter how many photons are incident at one moment, the output of the APD unit cannot be influenced, and the output of the APD unit is the same as the input of one photon; therefore, a missing count is caused as a whole.
The utility model discloses aim at solving the problem of the mosaic problem or low resolution ratio or the low detection efficiency that exist among the prior art to further solve the problem of the energy resolution ratio variation that MPPC detection mechanism probably brought, especially the problem of the broadening of full energy peak low energy end.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a probe, a detector and a detection system capable of providing continuous high-resolution images and reducing weight, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
According to the utility model discloses an aspect provides a probe, include:
the flat crystal component is used for converting the gamma rays entering the flat crystal component into a plurality of visible light photons;
a light receiving surface of the multi-pixel photon counter array is arranged on the flat-plate crystal component, the multi-pixel photon counter array comprises a plurality of multi-pixel photon counters which form an array structure, and each multi-pixel photon counter is used for converting a photon signal received by each multi-pixel photon counter into a current pulse so as to count the number of visible light photons received by each multi-pixel photon counter;
and the electronic circuit part is electrically connected with each multi-pixel photon counter in the multi-pixel photon counter array and is used for converting the current pulse into a voltage pulse.
Preferably, the plate crystal assembly comprises a plate crystal, a mounting flange and a light-transmitting plate,
the panel crystal is arranged in the mounting flange, and the light-transmitting plate is fixed on the mounting flange to seal the port of the mounting flange, so that the panel crystal is packaged in the flange.
Preferably, the plate crystal is a continuous crystal.
Preferably, the crystal is selected from one of NaI, CsI and BGO, but is not limited to the detector materials.
Preferably, each multi-pixel photon counter in the multi-pixel photon counter array is respectively adhered to the light-transmitting plate.
Preferably, the electronic device further comprises a connector, wherein the connector comprises a circuit board and an external connection port, and the circuit board is electrically connected with the electronic circuit part and the external connection port respectively;
the circuit board comprises a digital-to-analog conversion unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is respectively electrically connected with the digital-to-analog conversion unit and the data processing unit, the digital-to-analog conversion unit is used for receiving a voltage pulse signal from the electronic circuit part and converting the voltage pulse signal into a digital signal, and the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the data processing unit.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a detector, comprising:
a support;
the turntable is rotatably arranged on the bracket and comprises an outer ring and an inner ring which are coaxially arranged, and the inner ring is used for accommodating an object to be detected;
the plurality of probes form a circumferential array and are arranged on the turntable;
one end of each probe is connected to the outer ring, the other end of each probe is connected to the inner ring, and the light receiving surface of each multi-pixel photon counter faces the inner ring.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a detection system comprising:
the detector;
the computer is electrically connected with each probe of the detector;
and the power supply is electrically connected with the computer and the detector respectively.
Has the advantages that:
the utility model provides a problem that the image mosaic phenomenon of discrete crystal system is serious has been overcome to the probe, can obtain continuous image to further solve the problem that the energy resolution ratio that MPPC surveys the mechanism and probably brings worsens, the problem of the broadening of especially full energy peak low energy end, visual effect is good. In addition, the problem that the photomultiplier system is large and heavy is solved, and the volume and the weight of the probe are obviously reduced.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a probe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a slab crystal assembly and a multi-pixel photon counter array portion of a probe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view a-a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a detector according to an embodiment of the present invention (including only an inner ring, an outer ring and a plurality of probe portions).
Fig. 5 shows a schematic of the structure according to the detection system.
In the figure: the device comprises a probe 100, a flat crystal component 1, a flat crystal 11, a mounting flange 12, a transparent plate 13, a multi-pixel photon counter array 2, a multi-pixel photon counter 21, an electronic circuit part 3, a connector 4, a collimator 5, an outer ring 6, an inner ring 7, a computer 200 and a power supply 300.
Detailed Description
Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like elements in the various figures are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. For purposes of clarity, the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a probe 100, the probe 100 including a flat-plate crystal assembly 1, a multi-pixel photon counter array 2, and an electronic circuit portion 3. The flat crystal component 1 is used for converting gamma rays entering the flat crystal component into a plurality of visible light photons; a multi-pixel photon counter array 2, wherein a light receiving surface of the multi-pixel photon counter array 2 is arranged on the flat-plate crystal component 1, the multi-pixel photon counter array 2 comprises a plurality of multi-pixel photon counters 21, the plurality of multi-pixel photon counters 21 form an array structure, and each multi-pixel photon counter 21 is used for converting a photon signal received by each multi-pixel photon counter into a current pulse so as to count the number of visible light photons received by each multi-pixel photon counter; and an electronic circuit portion 3, to which each of the multi-pixel photon counters 21 in the multi-pixel photon counter array 2 is electrically connected, respectively, the electronic circuit portion 3 being configured to convert the current pulse into a voltage pulse.
Dull and stereotyped crystal subassembly 1 includes dull and stereotyped crystal 11, mounting flange 12 and light-passing board 13, and the shape size phase-match of the chamber that holds of mounting flange 12 and dull and stereotyped crystal 11 for dull and stereotyped crystal 11 can hold in holding the intracavity just, prevents that dull and stereotyped crystal 11 from rocking. The flat crystal 11 is disposed in the accommodating cavity of the mounting flange 12, and the transparent plate 13 is fixed to the mounting flange 12 to seal the port of the mounting flange 12, so that the flat crystal 11 is encapsulated in the flange.
In this embodiment, the crystal is a continuous crystal, i.e., a non-cut crystal, visible light can be linearly propagated in all directions in the continuous crystal, and the continuous crystal is grown once or hot stamped. And a continuous crystal structure is adopted, so that the imaging after detection is clearer, and the mosaic problem is avoided. The continuous crystal can be made of one of NaI, CsI and BGO. The mounting flange 12 is made of aluminum, the light-transmitting plate 13 is made of glass, and the light-transmitting plate 13 and the mounting flange 12 are connected in a sealing manner, for example, by adopting a sealant for bonding.
Each multi-pixel photon counter 21 in the multi-pixel photon counter array 2 is respectively adhered to the transparent plate 13. In this embodiment, the multi-pixel photon counter array 2 is provided with ten multi-pixel photon counters 21 in total, and is divided into two rows, each row has five multi-pixel photon counters 21, and the light receiving surface of each multi-pixel photon counter 21 is adhered to the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate 13 through optical silicone grease, that is, the multi-pixel photon counter array 2 and the flat crystal 11 are respectively located at two opposite sides of the light-transmitting plate 13.
The electronic circuit part 3 comprises a protective shell and a conversion circuit arranged in the protective shell, one end of each multi-pixel photon counter 21 in the multi-pixel photon counter array 2, which is opposite to the light receiving surface, is fixed on the protective shell, each multi-pixel photon counter 21 is respectively connected with conversion power through respective conducting wires, and the conversion circuit respectively converts current signals sent by each multi-pixel photon counter 21 into voltage pulse signals.
Further, the probe 100 further comprises a connector 4, wherein the connector 4 comprises a circuit board and an external connection port, and the circuit board is electrically connected with the conversion circuit of the electronic circuit part 3 and the external connection port respectively.
The circuit board comprises a digital-to-analog conversion unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is respectively electrically connected with the digital-to-analog conversion unit and the data processing unit. The digital-to-analog conversion unit is used for receiving the voltage pulse signal from the electronic circuit part 3 and converting the voltage pulse signal into a digital signal, and the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the data processing unit for data processing.
In this embodiment, the data acquisition unit and the data processing unit are integrated on the same circuit board. Of course, the data acquisition unit and the data processing unit can also be respectively arranged on the two circuit boards.
Further, the probe 100 further includes a collimator 5, and the collimator 5 is disposed on the plate crystal assembly 1, and establishes a relationship between an incident position of the gamma ray and an incident direction of the gamma ray.
When the probe 100 in this embodiment is used, the flat crystal component 1 collects gamma rays and converts the gamma rays entering the flat crystal component into a plurality of visible light photons, each multi-pixel photon counter 21 in the multi-pixel photon counter array 2 receives the visible light photons respectively and converts the received visible light photons into a current pulse signal, so as to count the number of the received visible light photons, and the spatial distribution of the visible light photons can be obtained by the multi-pixel photon counters 21 through post-data processing.
Specifically, a plurality of gamma rays enter the slab crystal assembly 1 respectively, the slab crystal 11 of the slab crystal assembly 1 converts each gamma ray entering the slab crystal assembly into a plurality of visible light photons at corresponding positions respectively, the visible light photons pass through the slab crystal 11 from the corresponding positions of the slab crystal 11 and then enter the corresponding multi-pixel photon counters 21 in the multi-pixel photon counter array 2 (the correspondence at the position can be understood as correspondence in a positional relationship), and the multi-pixel photon counters 21 complete receiving the visible light photons entering the multi-pixel photon counters. And converts the respective received visible light photons into current pulse signals, thereby counting the number of the respective received visible light photons, and the spatial distribution of the visible light photons can be obtained by the plurality of multi-pixel photon counters 21 through post-data processing.
The current pulse signal is transmitted to a conversion circuit of the electronic circuit portion 3, which converts the current pulse signal into a voltage pulse signal; the voltage pulse signals are used for data acquisition and processing through the circuit board, fault data can be reconstructed according to the acquired data, and application-related analysis can be performed on the data. Of course, the probe 100 can simultaneously transmit data out through the external port to an external data processing device, through which the fault data can be reconstructed from the acquired data and the data can be analyzed in relation to the application.
The probe 100 in the application overcomes the problem of serious image mosaic phenomenon of a discrete crystal system, can obtain continuous images, and further solves the problem of energy resolution deterioration possibly caused by an MPPC detection mechanism, especially the problem of broadening of a full-energy peak low-energy end, and has a good visual effect. Moreover, the problem that the photomultiplier system is bulky is solved, and the volume and the weight of the probe 100 are obviously reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention also provides a detector, which comprises a support, a turntable and a plurality of the above-mentioned probes 100. The turntable is rotatably arranged on the support and comprises an outer ring 6 and an inner ring 7 which are coaxially arranged, and the inner ring 7 is used for accommodating an object to be detected, specifically a part to be detected of the object to be detected, such as a head of a small animal. A plurality of probes 100, the plurality of probes 100 being circumferentially arrayed on the carousel. One end of each probe 100 is connected to the outer ring 6, the other end is connected to the inner ring 7, and the light receiving surface of each multi-pixel photon counter 21 faces the inner ring 7.
In this embodiment, the detector is designed to be an expandable structure, and a plurality of probes 100 can be arranged on the detector as required, each probe 100 only detects gamma rays within a preset range, and the plurality of probes 100 detect simultaneously, can identify more signals simultaneously, and has high sensitivity. The inner ring 7 is made of aluminum; the inner ring 7 of the turntable can be sleeved in the inner ring of the bearing, the outer ring 6 of the bearing is connected with the support, and a driving device can be arranged on the turntable to drive the turntable to rotate, for example, a driven gear is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the inner ring 7, a driving gear meshed with the driven gear is arranged on a power output shaft of the driving device to drive the turntable, and the driving device can be specifically a combination of a motor and a speed reducer.
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention also provides a detection system, which comprises a detector, a computer 200 and a power supply 300. The computer 200, the said probe 100 of the said detector is connected with the electrical behavior of the computer 200 separately; and the power supply 300 is electrically connected with the computer 200 and the detector respectively to supply electric energy to the computer 200 and the detector.
When the detection system is used, an object to be detected, such as a rat trunk, penetrates through the inner ring 7, a radioactive drug in the rat trunk emits gamma rays, the gamma rays penetrate through the inner ring 7 to be collected by the probes 100, the probes 100 collect and process detected data and transmit the data to the computer 200, the computer 200 reconstructs fault data according to the collected data and analyzes the data related to application to obtain a two-dimensional image of drug distribution, and further reconstructs the two-dimensional image into a three-dimensional distribution image, and the three-dimensional distribution image is displayed in the form of a fault image or a three-dimensional rendering image, so that a detection result is presented in a more intuitive mode.
In the detection process, the computer 200 can control the rotation of the turntable as required, so as to drive the plurality of probes 100 to rotate, thereby realizing the acquisition of projections at different angles. Of course, using a plurality of probes 100, each probe 100 is equipped with a multi-pinhole collimator 5, and the acquisition of projections at different angles can be realized, and the fault acquisition can be completed under the condition that the probes 100 do not rotate.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Finally, it should be noted that: it should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A probe, comprising:
the flat crystal component is used for converting the gamma rays entering the flat crystal component into a plurality of visible light photons;
a light receiving surface of the multi-pixel photon counter array is arranged on the flat-plate crystal component, the multi-pixel photon counter array comprises a plurality of multi-pixel photon counters which form an array structure, and each multi-pixel photon counter is used for converting a photon signal received by each multi-pixel photon counter into a current pulse so as to count the number of visible light photons received by each multi-pixel photon counter;
and the electronic circuit part is electrically connected with each multi-pixel photon counter in the multi-pixel photon counter array and is used for converting the current pulse into a voltage pulse.
2. The probe of claim 1, wherein the plate crystal assembly comprises a plate crystal, a mounting flange, and an optically transparent plate,
the panel crystal is arranged in the mounting flange, and the light-transmitting plate is fixed on the mounting flange to seal the port of the mounting flange, so that the panel crystal is packaged in the mounting flange.
3. The probe of claim 2, wherein the slab crystal is a continuous crystal.
4. The probe of claim 3, wherein the crystal is made of one of NaI, CsI and BGO.
5. The probe of claim 2, wherein each of the multi-pixel photon counters in the multi-pixel photon counter array is bonded to the optically transparent plate.
6. The probe of claim 1, further comprising a connector including a circuit board and an external connection port, the circuit board being electrically connected to the electronics circuit portion and the external connection port, respectively;
the circuit board comprises a digital-to-analog conversion unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is respectively electrically connected with the digital-to-analog conversion unit and the data processing unit, the digital-to-analog conversion unit is used for receiving a voltage pulse signal from the electronic circuit part and converting the voltage pulse signal into a digital signal, and the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the data processing unit.
7. A probe, comprising:
a support;
the turntable is rotatably arranged on the bracket and comprises an outer ring and an inner ring which are coaxially arranged, and the inner ring is used for accommodating an object to be detected;
a plurality of probes according to any of claims 1 to 6, a plurality of probes being circumferentially arrayed on said carousel;
one end of each probe is connected to the outer ring, the other end of each probe is connected to the inner ring, and the light receiving surface of each multi-pixel photon counter faces the inner ring.
8. A detection system, comprising:
a probe according to claim 7;
the computer is electrically connected with each probe of the detector;
and the power supply is electrically connected with the computer and the detector respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921552141.9U CN211318761U (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | Probe, detector and detection system |
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| CN201921552141.9U CN211318761U (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2019-09-18 | Probe, detector and detection system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110632639A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-31 | 北京格物时代科技发展有限公司 | Probe, detector and total counting correction method of multi-pixel photon counter |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110632639A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-31 | 北京格物时代科技发展有限公司 | Probe, detector and total counting correction method of multi-pixel photon counter |
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