CN211292956U - A portable ultrasonic open channel water level automatic tracking current measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

A portable ultrasonic open channel water level automatic tracking flow measurement device, the device adopts European standard aluminum profiles, the top is installed with a liquid level ultrasonic sensor to measure the water level height of the open channel, the guide rail is built with a double-axis linear guide mechanical aluminum profile, and the support rod and the guide rail are fixed by The backing plate is fixedly connected; there is a built-in double-axis linear guide rail with a slider and a screw rod, the slider is connected with a steering gear, and the stepper motor set on the screw rod drives the slider and the steering gear to slide up and down on the screw rod The steering gear is connected with a measuring rod and controls the rotation angle of the measuring rod. Ultrasonic probes are installed at both ends of the measuring rod for 360-degree vertical plane rotation measurement; the device has a simple structure, is easy to carry, and has high measurement accuracy, and is widely used in The flow measurement of open channels has important practical significance for water saving in irrigation areas.

Description

A portable ultrasonic open channel water level automatic tracking current measuring device

technical field

The utility model relates to an open channel ultrasonic current measuring device, in particular to an open channel ultrasonic current measuring device based on the ultrasonic time difference method.

Background technique

Prior art: a utility model patent for an "ultrasonic radar current measurement system" disclosed by the publication number CN206515468U, including a central station and a radar station wirelessly communicating with the central station, the radar station includes a monitoring room, a radar bracket, a radar probe, and a monitoring room. There is a collection controller and a power supply and wireless transmission module connected to it. The radar bracket is set above the water body to be monitored, and multiple radar probes are fixed on the radar bracket and transmit ultrasonic waves to the water surface of the upstream water body. The acquisition controller in the monitoring room is connected; the current measurement system realizes non-contact online measurement, and the measurement speed is fast, which can ensure the safety of hydrological testing technicians and reduce the loss of measuring instruments, but the cost is high, and it cannot be carried for use. It can measure the flow of fixed waters and is not suitable for large-scale popularization and use.

Prior art: Song Ailing, Liang Guangchuan. Measurement inaccuracy analysis of differential pressure orifice flowmeter [J]. Drilling and Production Technology, 2016(02):114-115. The flow measurement device has a simple structure and low cost, but the actual When popularized and applied, the flowmeter needs to use a differential pressure gauge to measure the upstream and downstream pressure, and the buffer pipe connecting the differential pressure gauge to the main pipeline of the flowmeter has certain requirements for the sediment content of the irrigation water flow; Once the filter screen is blocked, it will cause a large error in reading the pressure difference, so the device has low flow measurement accuracy and cannot accurately measure the water flow at a fixed water depth.

Prior art: Shi Fuchu. A new type of water metering equipment - agricultural split-flow water meter [J]. Jiangsu Water Resources, 1985 (01): 36-38. It is a new type of water metering equipment, using Venturi The pipe is used as the main pipe to pass water, and the branch pipe is installed on the venturi pipe. The inlet of the branch pipe is installed on the main pipe or connected with the upstream water body, the outlet is installed at the throat pipe, and the water meter is installed on the branch pipe. The loss is small, the accuracy is sufficient and stable, and the service life is long, but the throttling element Venturi tube inside is difficult to manufacture and is not suitable for application and promotion.

Prior art: Maimaitiming·Rozi. Design of online channel flow measurement system based on wireless communication technology [J]. Water Conservancy Technology Supervision, 2016, 24(03): 10-12., Channel online based on wireless communication technology The flow measurement system consists of a pressure flow meter, a stepping motor, a mechanical transmission device, a single-chip microcomputer and a computer. According to the flow rate area method, the computer controls the single-chip microcomputer through wireless communication technology. The single-chip microcomputer is connected to the stepping motor and controls the stepping motor on the channel section. Moving in the horizontal direction, the stepping motor is connected with the horizontal mechanical transmission mechanism, and controls the movement and lifting of the pressure flow measuring device. The flow velocity of the different measuring lines of the section can be measured by controlling the movement of the flow measuring device through the stepping motor, and then the flow measuring section can be obtained. Finally, the data is transmitted to the computer, and the flow rate of the flow measurement section can be obtained by calculation. The flow measurement system has a high degree of automation and has good promotion and application value, but the flow measurement equipment is relatively large and not easy to carry.

Therefore, the development of a flow measuring device with high degree of automation, accurate flow measurement, low price, stable performance and easy portability is an urgent need for flow velocity measurement in civilian irrigation areas.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The specific technical problem to be solved by the utility model is the existing civil irrigation area current measuring device, which is bulky in structure, inconvenient to operate, not easy to carry, and unable to accurately measure the water flow in the civilian irrigation area. Its purpose is to provide a portable ultrasonic open channel water level automatic tracking Current measuring device.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

A current measurement device for a portable ultrasonic open channel water level measurement method, comprising a screw rod, a stepping motor, an ultrasonic probe, a guide rail, a liquid level ultrasonic sensor, a steering gear, a slider, a support rod, a measurement rod and a fixed backing plate; It is characterized by:

The support rod is an aluminum profile, and a liquid level ultrasonic sensor is installed on the top to measure the water level of the open channel; the guide rail is a mechanical aluminum profile with a built-in double-axis linear guide rail, and the support rod and the guide rail are fixedly connected through a fixed backing plate; built-in double-axis linear guide rail A slider and a screw rod are installed on it, the slider is connected with a steering gear, and the stepper motor set on the screw rod drives the slider and the steering gear to move up and down on the screw rod, and the steering gear is connected with a measuring rod, and The rotation angle of the measuring rod is controlled, and ultrasonic probes are installed at both ends of the measuring rod for 360-degree vertical plane rotation measurement;

。已知探头至水底的距离

,通过高度差

计算得水位；When measuring, the liquid level ultrasonic sensor first measures the water level of the open channel. The ultrasonic sensor sends an ultrasonic pulse signal from the probe. When the pulse signal encounters the surface of the measured medium, it will be reflected. When the same probe receives the reflected echo, it will be converted into At this time, the interval time from the transmission to the reception of the ultrasonic pulse can be obtained. Since the ultrasonic pulse propagates at the speed of sound in the air, and the propagation time of the ultrasonic pulse is measured, the distance from the probe to the water surface can be measured.

. The distance from the probe to the bottom is known

, through the height difference

calculated water level;

The measuring rod slides up and down through the slider and rotates 360 degrees under the driving of the steering gear. The intelligent controller controls the position of the ultrasonic probe according to the water level, and is placed on the water surface and the bottom of the water respectively, and alternately transmits and receives ultrasonic waves in opposite directions, and collects data. It is wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring equipment. There is a time difference between the forward and reverse propagation of sound waves at the same distance. The flow velocity is obtained according to the principle of the time difference method, and then the channel flow is obtained according to the flow velocity area method.

The present invention has the following further characteristic solutions.

A current measuring device for a portable ultrasonic open channel water level current measuring method, characterized in that: the measuring rod is a thin rod made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy or graphene.

A current measuring device for a portable ultrasonic open channel water level current measuring method, characterized in that: the rotational speed of the stepping motor is 25rad/s or self-adjusting.

The technical scheme of the portable ultrasonic open channel water level automatic tracking current measuring device provided by the utility model is an economical, applicable, high measuring precision and simple structure final channel current measuring device, which solves the problem that the existing current measuring device cannot Real-time recording, labor-intensive, difficult to operate and other limitations; this design organically combines flow measurement technology and automatic control technology, and uses ultrasonic sensors to monitor open channel flow in real time, which has little impact on the external environment and is easy to install. It is easy to operate, and can be measured along with it, without the limitation of space. It can solve the drawbacks of the final channel water measurement method to a certain extent, and has important practical significance for the water saving and sustainable development of civil irrigation areas.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the current measuring device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic time difference method of the present utility model for current measurement.

In the figure: 1: Screw; 2: Stepper motor; 3: Measuring rod; 4: Steering gear; 5: Slider; 6: Ultrasonic probe; 7: Ultrasonic sensor for liquid level; 8: Support rod; 9: Fixed pad plate; 10: guide rail.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below.

As shown in the accompanying drawings 1 and 2, a portable ultrasonic open channel water level automatic current measuring device provided by the utility model is implemented, including a screw 1, a stepping motor 2, a measuring rod 3, a steering gear 4, a slider 5. Ultrasonic probe 6, liquid level ultrasonic sensor 7, support rod 8, fixed backing plate 9, guide rail 10, intelligent device controller and power supply device.

Among them, the support rod 8 and the guide rail 10 are fixedly connected by the fixed backing plate 9; the screw rod 1 is connected with the slider 5 and installed on the guide rail 10, the stepping motor 2 is installed on the screw rod 1, and the steering gear 4 is connected with the slider 5 on the The screw rod 1 slides up and down; the measuring rod 3 is connected with the steering gear 4, the two ends of the measuring rod 3 are fixedly installed with an ultrasonic probe 6, and the steering gear 4 controls the rotation of the measuring rod 3, and realizes a 360-degree rotation, and the measuring rod 3 is stepping Driven by the motor 2, a linear motion is made on the screw 1. The combination of the two is used to control the position of the ultrasonic probe 6. A liquid level ultrasonic sensor 7 is installed on the top of the support rod 8 to measure the water level; the intelligent device controller, It is used to collect the data measured by the ultrasonic probe, and transmit the data to the monitoring equipment in a wireless manner, and the power supply device supplies power to the intelligent device controller.

In order to minimize the influence on the water flow state, the contact-type current measuring device adopts a light-weight stainless steel measuring rod 3. The device mainly uses two ultrasonic probes, which are connected by a thin rod, and are placed on the water surface and the bottom of the water respectively, alternating with each other. When transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves, there will inevitably be a time difference between the sound waves propagating downstream and upstream in the same distance.

Flow measurement principle:

，已知探头至水底的距离，通过高度差

计算得水位；The ultrasonic liquid level ultrasonic sensor first measures the water level of the open channel. The ultrasonic sensor sends out ultrasonic pulse signals from the probe. When the pulse signal encounters the surface of the measured medium and is reflected, the same probe receives the reflected echo and converts it into an electrical signal, and obtains the signal from transmission to reception. The interval time from the ultrasonic pulse to the ultrasonic pulse, because the ultrasonic pulse propagates at the speed of sound in the air, and the ultrasonic pulse propagation time is measured, so the distance from the probe to the water surface can be measured

, the distance from the probe to the bottom is known, through the height difference

calculated water level;

In the water flow, the sound wave propagates downstream and upstream at the same distance, and there must be a time difference. Therefore, a time difference ultrasonic portable open channel flow measurement device is designed. The flow speed of the water flow causes the ultrasonic propagation time to be different. After the measurement is made, the flow rate is obtained.

，换能器2再向换能器1逆水发射超声脉冲，测出逆水传过L的传播时间

：The distance between the two transducers is L. During operation, transducer 1 transmits ultrasonic pulses to transducer 2 along the water flow, and the propagation time of the water flow through L is measured.

, the transducer 2 transmits ultrasonic pulses to the transducer 1 against the water, and the propagation time of the backwater passing through L is measured.

:

In the formula, L is the distance between the two transducers, C is the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the static medium, because V<<C, the above formula can be rewritten as:

Therefore, the flow velocity is proportional to the time difference between the upstream and countercurrent propagation of ultrasonic waves.

In specific use, the current measuring device is placed above the measuring water area, the support rod 8 is placed on the bottom of the water, the power is turned on, and the ultrasonic probe 7 is used to measure the liquid level on the water surface. down, the slider 5 controls the measuring rod 3 to move up and down, and the steering gear 4 controls the measuring rod 3 to rotate at a certain angle, so that the measuring rod 3 is placed at a certain angle along the direction of the water flow to ensure that the ultrasonic probe 6 is placed on the water surface and the bottom of the water respectively. Depending on the position, the position of the measuring rod 3 is automatically adjusted, and multiple measurements at different positions can be performed.

The ultrasonic sensor converts the analog signal output by it into a digital signal that can be recognized by the single-chip microcomputer through A/D, and runs through the single-chip microcomputer program. GPRS terminal to realize online monitoring of the host computer.

算出流量，大大提高了测流的精度。The last-stage channel time difference method ultrasonic automatic flow measuring device first uses an ultrasonic probe to measure the liquid level, and then automatically adjusts the position of the measuring rod according to the measured liquid level to rotate it at a certain angle to ensure that one probe is on the water surface and the other is on the water surface. At the bottom of the water, two ultrasonic transducers emit ultrasonic waves in opposite directions. According to the principle of the time difference method, the flow velocity V on this measuring line is obtained. The relationship between the flow velocity on the measuring line and the average flow velocity of the section is sought, and the flow velocity v is corrected to obtain Calculate the average flow velocity of the section, and then calculate the section area A under the liquid level, according to the flow velocity area method Q=A

The flow rate is calculated, which greatly improves the accuracy of flow measurement.

Combined with sensor technology and computer technology, the utility model is based on the principle of ultrasonic time difference method, uses ultrasonic sensors and intelligent controllers to automatically measure open channel flow, is simple and easy to operate, suitable for small standardized rectangular channels, and truly realizes automatic flow measurement, and The measurement results can be read and stored at a long distance through wireless transmission, which has certain practical value and promotion value for the automatic flow measurement of standard rectangular channels in small and medium-sized irrigation areas in my country.

Claims (3)

1. A portable ultrasonic automatic water level tracking flow measurement device for an open channel comprises a screw rod, a stepping motor, an ultrasonic probe, a guide rail, a liquid level ultrasonic sensor, a steering engine, a sliding block, a supporting rod, a measuring rod and a fixed base plate; the method is characterized in that:

the supporting rod (8) is an aluminum profile, and the top end of the supporting rod is provided with a liquid level ultrasonic sensor (7) for measuring the water level height of the open channel; the guide rail (10) is a mechanical aluminum profile with a built-in double-axis linear guide rail, and the support rod (8) is fixedly connected with the guide rail (10) through a fixed backing plate (9); a sliding block (5) and a screw rod (1) are arranged on a double-axis linear guide rail (10) arranged in the device, and the sliding block (5) is connected with a steering engine (4); a stepping motor (2) arranged on the screw rod (1) drives a sliding block (5) and a steering engine (4) to slide up and down on the screw rod (1) for measurement; the steering engine (4) is connected with the measuring rod (3) and controls the rotating angle of the measuring rod (3); and ultrasonic probes (6) are arranged at two ends of the measuring rod (3) for 360-degree vertical plane rotation measurement, online monitoring of an upper computer is realized, and according to a time difference method principle and a flow velocity area method, a final program automatically calculates the channel section flow and displays the channel section flow on a liquid crystal display screen.

2. The portable ultrasonic open channel water level automatic tracking flow measuring device of claim 1, characterized in that:

the measuring rod (3) is a thin rod made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy or graphene.

3. The portable ultrasonic open channel water level automatic tracking flow measuring device of claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating speed of the stepping motor (2) is 25rad/s or is self-regulated.

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