CN211149148U

CN211149148U - Electronic equipment, camera module and electrochromic element

Info

Publication number: CN211149148U
Application number: CN201922446800.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭明镇; 王晓安
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-27
Filing date: 2019-12-27
Publication date: 2020-07-31
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-27

Abstract

The application provides an electronic device, a camera module and an electrochromic element; the electrochromic element is used for an iris diaphragm; the electrochromic element includes: the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged; more than two pairs of electrode pairs are clamped between the first substrate and the second substrate, each electrode pair comprises two annular conducting layers which are oppositely arranged and respectively positioned on the first substrate and the second substrate, the annular conducting layers are of annular structures, and the annular conducting layers positioned on the substrates on the same side are sequentially sleeved; the annular conducting layer of each electrode pair is connected with more than two conducting wires positioned at the outer side of the outermost electrode pair in a one-to-one correspondence manner through the bridging electrode; and a color-changing material is filled between the two annular conductive layers of each electrode pair. The electrochromic element has the characteristics of simple structure, easy manufacture, accurate control of the aperture size and quick color change.

Description

Electronic equipment, camera module and electrochromic element

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of iris diaphragm structures, in particular to electronic equipment, a camera module and an electrochromic element.

Background

The conventional electrochromic device is generally used on the outside glass of a building or the automobile glass, the internal electrode stacking structure of the electrochromic device determines, and the electrochromic device cannot realize precise control of micro size, so that the electrochromic device cannot be applied in wider fields.

Disclosure of Invention

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electrochromic element for an iris diaphragm; the electrochromic element includes: the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged; more than two pairs of electrode pairs are clamped between the first substrate and the second substrate, each electrode pair comprises two annular conducting layers which are oppositely arranged and respectively positioned on the first substrate and the second substrate, the annular conducting layers are of annular structures, and the annular conducting layers positioned on the substrates on the same side are sequentially sleeved; the annular conducting layer of each electrode pair is connected with more than two conducting wires positioned at the outer side of the outermost electrode pair in a one-to-one correspondence manner through the bridging electrode; the bridging electrode corresponding to the electrode pair positioned in the inner part is insulated from the annular conducting layer of the electrode pair positioned outside the electrode pair; and a color-changing material is filled between the two annular conductive layers of each electrode pair.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electrochromic element for an iris diaphragm; the electrochromic element includes:

the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged;

the first substrate is provided with at least one first bridging electrode, a first annular conducting layer, a second annular conducting layer, a first conducting wire and a second conducting wire; the first annular conducting layer is sleeved in the second annular conducting layer and is arranged in an insulating way with the second annular conducting layer; the first conductive routing and the second conductive routing are wound on the second annular conductive layer, the first conductive routing is electrically connected with the first annular conductive layer through at least one first bridging electrode, and the at least one first bridging electrode is arranged in an insulated manner with the second annular conductive layer; the second conductive routing is electrically connected with the second annular conductive layer;

the second substrate is provided with at least one second bridging electrode, a third annular conductive layer, a fourth annular conductive layer, a third conductive wire and a fourth conductive wire; the third annular conducting layer is sleeved in the fourth annular conducting layer and is arranged in an insulating mode with the fourth annular conducting layer; the third conductive wire and the fourth conductive wire are wound on the fourth annular conductive layer, the third conductive wire is electrically connected with the third annular conductive layer through at least one second bridging electrode, and the at least one second bridging electrode is insulated from the fourth annular conductive layer; the fourth conductive trace is electrically connected with the fourth annular conductive layer;

the third annular conducting layer is opposite to the first annular conducting layer and forms a first color-changing area; the fourth annular conducting layer is opposite to the second annular conducting layer and forms a second color-changing area;

and the color-changing material is filled in the first color-changing area and the second color-changing area.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a camera module, where the camera module includes a lens assembly, a photosensitive chip, and the electrochromic element in any one of the foregoing embodiments, and the photosensitive chip and the electrochromic element are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the lens assembly in a lighting direction.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a camera module, where the camera module includes optical elements and photosensitive chips arranged in a lighting direction; the optical element comprises a lens and the electrochromic element attached to the lens, wherein the lens and the through hole of the annular conductive layer of the annular structure of the electrochromic element are aligned along the optical axis of the lens.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a camera module, where the camera module includes optical elements and photosensitive chips arranged in a lighting direction; the optical element comprises a front lens, a rear lens and the electrochromic element of any one of the above embodiments; the optical axis of the rear lens is aligned with the front lens; the electrochromic element is connected with at least one of the front lens and the rear lens, and the through holes of the front lens and the rear lens and the annular conducting layer of the annular structure of the electrochromic element are aligned along the optical axis of the rear lens.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes a housing assembly and a camera module disposed opposite to the housing assembly; the housing assembly includes: the housing and the electrochromic element of any of the above embodiments, wherein the housing includes a light-transmitting area, the electrochromic element is attached to the light-transmitting area of the housing, and the camera module can collect an optical signal through the electrochromic element and the light-transmitting area.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes a housing assembly and a camera module disposed opposite to the housing assembly; the housing assembly includes: a housing and an electrochromic element as in any of the above embodiments; the casing is provided with a mounting hole and a lens covering the mounting hole, and the electrochromic element is attached to the lens; the camera module can collect optical signals through the electrochromic element and the lens.

In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes a housing and the camera module in any one of the foregoing embodiments, where the camera module is disposed opposite to the housing; the casing includes the light transmission region, the camera module process the light transmission region of casing gathers light signal.

In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes a housing and the camera module in any one of the foregoing embodiments, where the camera module is disposed opposite to the housing; the shell is provided with a mounting hole, a lens is arranged on the mounting hole in a covering mode, and the camera module collects optical signals through the lens.

The electrochromic element provided by the embodiment of the application has the characteristics of simple structure, easiness in manufacturing, accurate control of the size of the aperture and rapidness in color change.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present application in front view;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the structure at A-A in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a structure on the first substrate side;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at B-B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at C-C in FIG. 3;

fig. 6 is a schematic front view of the structure on the second substrate side;

FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of another embodiment of an electrochromic device according to the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a camera module according to the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a camera module;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an optical element of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a camera module with a disassembled structure;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of an optical element of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic, exploded view of an embodiment of an electronic device of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic, exploded view of another embodiment of an electronic device of the present application;

FIG. 15 is a schematic, exploded view of a further embodiment of an electronic device of the present application;

FIG. 16 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method for fabricating an electrochromic device according to the present application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic flow chart for preparing a first assembled plate;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of formation of a bridge electrode on a first substrate;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the structure after the formation of an insulating layer;

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a structure for forming an annular conductive layer;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a structure for forming a glue frame on the first assembly plate;

fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of the second assembly plate aligned and bonded with the first assembly plate.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be noted that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Likewise, the following examples are only some but not all examples of the present invention, and all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

As used herein, a "communication terminal" (or simply "terminal") includes, but is not limited to, devices arranged to receive/transmit communication signals via a wireline connection, such as via a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a digital subscriber line (DS L), a digital cable, a direct cable connection, and/or another data connection/network, and/or via a wireless interface (e.g., for a cellular network, a wireless local area network (W L AN), a digital television network such as a DVB-H network, a satellite network, AN AM-FM broadcast transmitter, and/or another communication terminal).

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 together, fig. 1 is a schematic structural front view of an embodiment of an electrochromic device of the present application, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural cross-sectional view taken at a-a in the embodiment of fig. 1, in which the electrochromic device 10 in the present embodiment is used for an iris diaphragm of a camera, and the electrochromic device 10 includes a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 200 which are oppositely disposed, and a color-changing material layer 300 sandwiched between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200. The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or may alternatively include other steps or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Alternatively, the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 may be made of glass or a transparent resin material, such as PET (Polyethylene terephthalate, PET or PEIT, commonly called as a polyester resin, a condensation polymer of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol), PMMA (poly (methyl methacrylate), also called as acryl, Acrylic or organic glass, and the like. Further material types for the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 are not listed and detailed herein within the understanding of those skilled in the art.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4 together, fig. 3 is a schematic structural front view of the first substrate side, and fig. 4 is a schematic structural cross-sectional view at the position B-B in fig. 3, wherein the first substrate 100 is provided with a first annular conductive layer 110, a second annular conductive layer 120, a fifth annular conductive layer 150, a first conductive trace 101, a second conductive trace 102 and a fifth conductive trace 105. The first annular conductive layer 110, the second annular conductive layer 120, and the fifth annular conductive layer 150 are all annular structures, which are illustrated as rectangular rings, but may also be circular rings or other annular structures in other embodiments, and therefore, they are not listed and described in detail herein. In this embodiment, only a three-ring-shaped conductive layer is described as an example, and in other embodiments, two, four, or more rings may be used.

Optionally, in the embodiment, the first annular conductive layer 110 is sleeved in the second annular conductive layer 120 and is disposed in an insulating manner with respect to the second annular conductive layer 120; the fifth annular conductive layer 150 is sleeved outside the second annular conductive layer 120 and is insulated from the second annular conductive layer 120, and the first annular conductive layer 110, the second annular conductive layer 120 and the fifth annular conductive layer 150 may be arranged in the same plane and insulated from each other by a gap 1001. The width of the slit 1001 may be designed to be less than 20 microns, such as 20 microns, 18 microns, 15 microns, 10 microns, 5 microns, 3 microns, 1 micron, and the like. Or, on the premise of ensuring insulation, the smaller the gap 1001 is, the better, and specific values are not specifically limited in this embodiment. Since the gap 1001 between the annular conductive layers cannot be discolored and the area which cannot be discolored in the middle has a problem of light leakage when a minimum aperture is used, it is preferable that the etched gap is as small as possible and is preferably 10 μ or less. In some other embodiments, the structure may also be a multi-ring annular conductive layer, and the size of the multi-ring annular conductive layer gradually increases from inside to outside and is sequentially sleeved.

The first conductive trace 101, the second conductive trace 102, and the fifth conductive trace 105 are all disposed outside the annular structure of the fifth annular conductive layer 150, that is, all the conductive traces are disposed on the outermost side of the annular conductive layer, and when there are a plurality of annular conductive layers and conductive traces, the principle is also followed. The shapes of the first conductive trace 101, the second conductive trace 102, and the fifth conductive trace 105 are not limited to a ring shape, and may be non-closed semicircular rings or other shapes as long as they are disposed outside the outermost ring-shaped conductive layer. It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and "third" in the present invention are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

Optionally, the fifth conductive trace 105 is connected to the fifth annular conductive layer 150, specifically, in this embodiment, the fifth conductive trace 105 is disposed adjacent to the fifth annular conductive layer 150, so that the fifth conductive trace 105 and the fifth annular conductive layer 150 can be directly connected. The second conductive trace 102 is connected to the second annular conductive layer 120 through a third bridging electrode 1031, and since the third bridging electrode 1031 needs to pass through the fifth annular conductive layer 150, the third bridging electrode 1031 needs to be designed to be insulated from the fifth annular conductive layer 150; referring to fig. 4, in particular, the third bridging electrode 1031 and the fifth annular conductive layer 150 may be insulated by an insulating layer 1002, and the manufacturing method of the structure will be described in detail later. When the fifth conductive trace 105 is a ring structure and is disposed on the same layer as the third bridging electrode 1031, the third bridging electrode 1031 and the fifth conductive trace 105 also need to be disposed in an insulating manner.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at the position C-C in fig. 3, in which the first conductive trace 101 is connected to the first annular conductive layer 110 through a first bridging electrode 1011, and the first bridging electrode 1011 needs to be insulated from the fifth annular conductive layer 150 and the second annular conductive layer 120; similarly, the first bridging electrode 1011 may be insulated from the fifth annular conductive layer 150 and the second annular conductive layer 120 by an insulating layer 1002. In addition, when the fifth conductive trace 105 and the second conductive trace 102 are both in a ring structure and are disposed on the same layer as the first bridging electrode 1011, the fifth conductive trace 105 and the second conductive trace 102 also need to be disposed in an insulating manner.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural front view of the second substrate side, in this embodiment, a third annular conductive layer 130, a fourth annular conductive layer 140, a sixth annular conductive layer 160, a third conductive trace 103, a fourth conductive trace 104 and a sixth conductive trace 106 are disposed on the second substrate 200. In this embodiment, only three annular conductive layers are taken as an example to explain that the third annular conductive layer 130, the fourth annular conductive layer 140, and the sixth annular conductive layer 160 are all annular structures, and the same number of annular conductive layers are provided on the first substrate side and the second substrate side.

Similarly to the first substrate side, in the embodiment, the third annular conductive layer 130 is sleeved in the fourth annular conductive layer 140 and is disposed in an insulating manner with respect to the fourth annular conductive layer 140; the sixth annular conductive layer 160 is sleeved outside the fourth annular conductive layer 140 and is insulated from the fourth annular conductive layer 140, and the third annular conductive layer 130, the fourth annular conductive layer 140 and the sixth annular conductive layer 160 may be arranged in the same plane and insulated from each other by a gap 1001. The width of the gap 1001 may be designed to be less than 20 μm, or the smaller the gap 1001 is, the better the insulation is.

The third conductive trace 103, the fourth conductive trace 104 and the sixth conductive trace 106 are all disposed outside the annular structure of the sixth annular conductive layer 160, that is, all the conductive traces are disposed on the outermost side of the annular conductive layer, and when there are a plurality of annular conductive layers and conductive traces, the principle is also followed. The third conductive trace 103, the fourth conductive trace 104, and the sixth conductive trace 106 are not limited to ring-shaped, and may be non-closed semicircular rings or other shapes as long as they are disposed outside the outermost ring-shaped conductive layer.

The first annular conductive layer 110, the second annular conductive layer 120, the third annular conductive layer 130, the fourth annular conductive layer 140, the fifth annular conductive layer 150, and the sixth annular conductive layer 160 may be made of ITO, and the sheet resistance range of the material is 5 to 20 ohms; specifically, 5 ohm, 6 ohm, 8 ohm, 10 ohm, 15 ohm, 20 ohm, etc.; the transmittance of the material needs to be designed to be more than 85%, and optionally can be designed to be more than 90%, the larger the better. The area corresponding to the annular conductive layer is the main optical area, so the requirement for light transmittance is very high, and the lower the ITO sheet resistance, the better. The ITO sheet resistance and the transmittance are in direct proportion. Therefore, ITO having low sheet resistance and high transmittance is obtained. Optionally, the sheet resistance is designed to be 8-15 ohms, and the transmittance is over 90%.

Optionally, the sixth conductive trace 106 is connected to the sixth annular conductive layer 160, specifically, in this embodiment, the sixth conductive trace 106 and the sixth annular conductive layer 160 are disposed adjacent to each other, so that the sixth conductive trace 106 and the sixth annular conductive layer 160 can be directly connected. The fourth conductive trace 104 is connected to the fourth annular conductive layer 140 through a fourth bridging electrode 1041, and since the fourth bridging electrode 1041 needs to pass through the sixth annular conductive layer 160, the fourth bridging electrode 1041 needs to be designed to be insulated from the sixth annular conductive layer 160; specifically, a structure similar to the first substrate side in fig. 4 can be referred to, and is not described herein again. The fourth bridging electrode 1041 and the sixth annular conductive layer 160 may be insulated from each other by an insulating layer.

Optionally, the third conductive trace 103 is connected to the third annular conductive layer 130 through a second bridging electrode 1021, and the second bridging electrode 1021 needs to be insulated from the sixth annular conductive layer 160 and the fourth annular conductive layer 140; similarly, the second bridge electrode 1021 may be insulated from the sixth annular conductive layer 160 and the fourth annular conductive layer 140 by an insulating layer. In particular, reference may be made to the detailed structure of the first substrate side in fig. 5, which is similar and not repeated here.

Optionally, the first bridging electrode 1011, the second bridging electrode 1021, the third bridging electrode 1031, and the fourth bridging electrode 1041 may be made of ITO, and the sheet resistance range of the material is 10-60 ohms; specifically, it may be 10 ohm, 15 ohm, 20 ohm, 30 ohm, 50 ohm, 60 ohm, etc. The transmittance of the material needs to be greater than 85%, the larger the transmittance, the better, and the specific transmittance value is not specifically limited in this embodiment. Considering that the ITO of the bridged electrode passes through the aperture area, the transmission rate has higher requirement, the sheet resistance of the ITO can not be too small, otherwise, the light transmission is influenced, and the certain conductivity is influenced because the sheet resistance of the ITO is too large. Therefore, the sheet resistance of ITO is recommended to be between 15 and 50 ohms, and the transmittance is more than 90 percent.

The resistances of the first conductive trace 101, the second conductive trace 102, the third conductive trace 103, the fourth conductive trace 104, the fifth conductive trace 105, and the sixth conductive trace 106 may be designed to be less than 2 ohms, specifically 2 ohms, 1.5 ohms, 1.2 ohms, 1 ohm, 0.5 ohms, and the like, and on the premise that the conductive performance is satisfied, the resistances of the first conductive trace 101, the second conductive trace 102, the third conductive trace 103, the fourth conductive trace 104, the fifth conductive trace 105, and the sixth conductive trace 106 may be made as small as possible, and the wire resistance of the conductive trace is recommended to be within 1 ohm.

With reference to fig. 2 to fig. 5, the third annular conductive layer 130 is disposed opposite to the first annular conductive layer 110 and forms a first color-changing region Q1; the fourth annular conductive layer 140 is disposed opposite to the second annular conductive layer 120 and forms a second color-changing region Q2; the fifth annular conductive layer 150 is disposed opposite to the sixth annular conductive layer 160 to form a third color-changing region Q3, and the color-changing material 300 is filled in the first color-changing region Q1, the second color-changing region Q2, and the third color-changing region Q3. The first color-changing area Q1, the second color-changing area Q2 and the third color-changing area Q3 are all in an annular structure, and the size of different apertures can be adjusted by controlling the annular conductive layers corresponding to the first color-changing area Q1, the second color-changing area Q2 and the third color-changing area Q3.

The color-changing material 300 may be an organic polymer (including polyaniline, polythiophene, etc.), an inorganic material (prussian blue, a transition metal oxide, such as tungsten trioxide), an organic small molecule (viologen), or the like. The color-changing material 300 may be in a liquid state or a solid state. When the color-changing material 300 is an organic polymer or an inorganic material, it may include a color-changing layer, an ion conducting layer, an ion storage layer, etc., and the detailed technical features of this part are within the understanding range of those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein. Optionally, the thickness of the color-changing material 300 can be designed to be 50-100 μ, and the thickness can be made as small as possible on the premise of satisfying the color-changing shielding effect, so that the overall thickness of the electrochromic element can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, a rubber frame 400 is interposed between two opposite surfaces of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200, the rubber frame 400 is disposed along edges of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200, and encloses with the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 to form an accommodating space, and the color-changing material 300 is filled in the accommodating space. This accommodating space is also a space in which the first color change region Q1, the second color change region Q2, and the third color change region Q3 are formed.

Optionally, the glue frame 400 covers the first conductive trace 101, the second conductive trace 102, the third conductive trace 103, the fourth conductive trace 104, the fifth conductive trace 105, and the sixth conductive trace 106, and this design structure can protect the first conductive trace 101, the second conductive trace 102, the third conductive trace 103, the fourth conductive trace 104, the fifth conductive trace 105, and the sixth conductive trace 106 and insulate them from each other; in addition, the first conductive trace 101, the second conductive trace 102, the third conductive trace 103, the fourth conductive trace 104, the fifth conductive trace 105, and the sixth conductive trace 106 can be prevented from contacting the color-changing material 300, so as to avoid short circuit.

Further optionally, referring to fig. 3 and fig. 6, the first conductive trace 101, the second conductive trace 102, the third conductive trace 103, the fourth conductive trace 104, the fifth conductive trace 105, and the sixth conductive trace 106 are respectively connected to an extraction electrode, specifically, the first conductive trace 101 is connected to a first extraction electrode 1012, the second conductive trace 102 is connected to a second extraction electrode 1022, the third conductive trace 103 is connected to a third extraction electrode 1032, the fourth conductive trace 104 is connected to a fourth extraction electrode 1042, the fifth conductive trace 105 is connected to a fifth extraction electrode 1052, and the sixth conductive trace 106 is connected to a sixth extraction electrode 1062. The first lead electrode 1012, the second lead electrode 1022, the third lead electrode 1032, the fourth lead electrode 1042, the fifth lead electrode 1052, and the sixth lead electrode 1062 are used to connect the electrochromic element 10 to an external control circuit. The black dots in the figure represent the connection points between the bridging electrodes and the conductive traces and the annular conductive layer.

The electrochromic element provided in the embodiment connects the conductive wiring positioned on the periphery of the annular conductive layer and the inner annular conductive layer by utilizing the form of the bridging electrode, so that the annular conductive layer can be of a complete annular structure, and the gap between the adjacent annular conductive layers can be smaller, thereby having a clearer and more accurate aperture range when being used as a camera aperture.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic structural front view of another embodiment of the electrochromic device of the present application, which is different from the foregoing embodiments in that two or more of the first bridging electrode 1011, the second bridging electrode 1021, the third bridging electrode 1031, and the fourth bridging electrode 1041 are uniformly disposed along the circumference of the annular conductive layer, and meanwhile, the conductive trace adjacent to the annular conductive layer is also connected to the annular conductive layer through a plurality of connection points; the design structure for realizing the connection of the annular conducting layer and the conducting wires through the plurality of bridging electrodes or connecting points can further reduce the surface resistance of the annular conducting layer and improve the response speed of the electrochromic element.

The electrochromic element provided by the embodiment of the application can realize the iris diaphragm. In addition, in some other embodiments, a plurality of sets of annular conductive layers and conductive traces may be sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Further, an embodiment of the present application further provides a camera module, please refer to fig. 8, where fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the camera module of the present application, the camera module 80 includes a body portion 81 and a lens portion 82, the interiors of the body portion 81 and the lens portion 82 are communicated to form a cavity 800, and the lens assembly 83 and the photosensitive chip 84 are disposed in the cavity 800; the lens assembly 83 may include a plurality of lenses, and will not be described in detail herein. Of course, in some other embodiments, the camera module 80 may not be divided into the lens portion and the main body portion, and is an integrated cavity structure, as shown in fig. 9, and fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the camera module.

Referring to fig. 8, in the present embodiment, an end of the lens portion 82 is covered with an electrochromic element 10, the photosensitive chip 84 and the electrochromic element 10 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the lens assembly 83 in the lighting direction, the electrochromic element 10 can be connected to a control circuit (not shown) through a leading-out terminal 11, and the purpose of changing the aperture of the camera module is achieved by changing the size of the light-transmitting area of the electrochromic element 10. For detailed structural features of the electrochromic device 10, reference is made to the description of the foregoing embodiments. The internal structure of the camera module is within the understanding of those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail herein. It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

An optical element is further provided in the present embodiment, please refer to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the optical element in the present application; the optical element 70 is used for a lens of a camera module, and the lens of the camera module has a function of an iris diaphragm. The optical element 70 comprises a lens 71 and an electrochromic element 10 attached on the lens 71, wherein the lens 71 and a through hole of an annular conductive layer of an annular structure of the electrochromic element 10 are aligned along an optical axis 701 of the lens. For the detailed structure of the electrochromic device 10, reference is also made to the related description of the foregoing embodiments.

Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a camera module with a detachable structure, the camera module includes an optical element 70, an optical film 60, a photo sensor chip 50, and a housing (not shown). The optical element 70 in this embodiment comprises a front lens 710 and a rear lens 720, the optical axis 701 of the front lens is aligned with the rear lens, and the electrochromic element 10 is connected with at least one of the front lens or the rear lens, and in this embodiment, the electrochromic element 10 is disposed between the front lens 710 and the rear lens 720 and connected with the front lens 710. The optical axes 701 of the front lens 710 and the rear lens 720 are aligned with the axis of the conductive layer through hole of the electrochromic element 10. Wherein each of the front lens 710 and the rear lens 720 may include a plurality of lens layers. The optical film 60 may include an IR filter or the like.

Further alternatively, the optical element 70 may also be an integral structure, please refer to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the optical element of the present application; the front lens 710 and the rear lens 720 of the optical element can be respectively connected with two side substrates of the electrochromic element to form an integrated optical element 70 structure.

Further, an electronic device is provided in an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 13, where fig. 13 is a schematic structural split view of the electronic device in an embodiment of the present application; it should be noted that the electronic device in the present application may include an electronic device with a camera assembly, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, and a wearable device. The electronic device in this embodiment includes a display screen 40, a camera module 80, and a housing assembly 30, where the housing assembly 30 includes a housing 31 and an electrochromic element 10, and the electrochromic element 10 is attached to a surface of the housing 31. Optionally, the housing 31 may be made of an integral transparent material, or at least a part of the area is transparent, the electrochromic element 10 is attached to the transparent area of the housing 31, and the camera module 80 focuses light from a scene outside the electronic device through the electrochromic element 10. In some other embodiments, the electrochromic element 10 may be embedded in the transparent casing 31. And is not particularly limited herein. In addition, the non-transparent region of the case 31 may also be coated with ink or a light blocking material.

Optionally, the display screen 40 and the transparent shell 31 of the shell assembly 30 jointly enclose to form an accommodating cavity 1001, the camera module 80 is disposed in the accommodating cavity, specifically, the camera module 80 may be connected to the circuit board 88 disposed in the accommodating cavity, the camera module 80 corresponds to the setting of the electrochromic element 10, and the size of the light-transmitting area of the electrochromic element 10 is changed to achieve the purpose of changing the aperture of the camera module 80. This scheme is equivalent to external with the light ring structure of camera module 80, accomplish the shell of electronic equipment with the light ring structure on.

Further, an electronic device is provided in an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 14, where fig. 14 is a schematic structural split view of another embodiment of the electronic device of the present application; the electronic device in this embodiment also includes a display screen 40, camera module(s) 80, and a housing assembly 30; the housing assembly 30 comprises a housing 31 and an electrochromic element 10, wherein the housing 31 further comprises a middle frame 311 and a rear cover 312, a mounting hole 3120 is provided on the rear cover 312, and the electrochromic element 10 is covered on the mounting hole 3120. The electrochromic element 10 in this embodiment has a structure of a plurality of variable apertures, which correspond to the plurality of camera modules 80, respectively.

Optionally, the housing 31 may further include a decoration 313, the decoration 313 is embedded in the mounting hole 3120, and the electrochromic element 10 is connected to the decoration 313. The camera module 80 passes through the light that comes from the outside scenery of electronic equipment is focused to electrochromic element 10, and electrochromic element 10 is as the iris diaphragm structure of camera module 80, and the structure of iris diaphragm is no longer set up in the inside of camera module 80 self structure.

In addition, the electronic device in this embodiment may also use the structure of the camera module shown in fig. 8 to 12, that is, the structure of the iris diaphragm (electrochromic element) is implemented in the internal structure of the camera module 80 itself, so that the structure of the electrochromic element does not need to be arranged in the housing assembly, and the electrochromic element 10 shown in fig. 14 is replaced by a common lens to play a protection role.

Optionally, an electronic device is further provided in an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 15, where fig. 15 is a schematic structural split view of a further embodiment of the electronic device of the present application; in this embodiment, the camera module 80 may adopt the structure shown in fig. 8-12, that is, the structure of the iris diaphragm (electrochromic device 10) is built into the internal structure of the camera module 80 itself, and only at least a part of the transparent area 301 (dotted line position in the figure) needs to be present on the housing 31, and the camera module focuses the light from the scenery through the transparent area 301 of the housing.

According to the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the application, the electrochromic element on the shell can be used as the camera module aperture, and the purpose of changing the size of the camera module aperture can be realized by changing the size of the light-transmitting area; the electronic device has the characteristics of small volume and accurate control of the size of the aperture, and can be designed to be lighter and thinner.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing an electrochromic device, please refer to fig. 16, and fig. 16 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for manufacturing an electrochromic device according to the present application. The preparation method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps. The method is described by taking the electrochromic device structure in the embodiment of fig. 7 as an example, and the preparation method of the electrochromic device structure in other embodiments is similar to that of the electrochromic device structure in other embodiments.

Step M161, a first assembly plate is prepared.

In this step, it comprises: a bridging electrode, an insulating layer, more than two annular conductive layers which are annular and are sequentially sleeved and a conductive routing wire arranged on the periphery of the annular conductive layers are sequentially formed on the first substrate. Specifically, referring to fig. 17, fig. 17 is a schematic flow chart of preparing a first assembly plate. Wherein the step of preparing the first assembly plate specifically comprises: m1611, forming a bridge electrode on the first substrate. Referring to fig. 18, fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of forming a bridge electrode on a first substrate. The drawing is denoted by 10x as a bridge electrode, and the extraction electrode 10x1 is also formed in this step. The bridging electrode 10x and the extraction electrode 10x1 in the partial structure may be formed at the same time and have an integral structure. The transparent ITO can be used as a bridged routing. And plating ITO on the glass substrate, and etching a corresponding bridging circuit. Parameter indexes are as follows: considering that the bridged ITO passes through the aperture area, the requirement on transmittance is high, the sheet resistance of the ITO cannot be too small, otherwise, the light transmittance is influenced, and the certain conductivity is influenced because the sheet resistance of the ITO is too large. Therefore, the sheet resistance of ITO is recommended to be between 15 and 50 ohms, and the transmittance is more than 90 percent. For detailed parameter characteristics, refer to the related descriptions of the foregoing structural embodiments.

Step M1612 of forming an insulating layer covering the bridging electrode on the bridging electrode.

In step M1612, the insulating layer can be a material having a value of CPI. In addition, this step may be followed by forming an antireflection film layer (not shown) on the insulating layer, and the antireflection film layer functions to improve light transmittance.

Step M1613, forming a through hole on the insulating layer corresponding to the end portion of the bridged electrode to expose both ends of the bridged electrode.

Referring to fig. 19, fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of the insulating layer after formation, in which a small dot marked as X is an end point of the bridge electrode. The insulating layer is 1002.

Step M1614, more than two annular conductive layers are formed on the insulating layer and sequentially sleeved on the insulating layer.

In this step, the annular conductive layers near the inside are connected to the inner ends of a bridge electrode, respectively. Referring to fig. 20, fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of forming a ring-shaped conductive layer. Reference numeral 1x0 denotes a ring-shaped conductive layer. In this step, ITO may be plated on the discolored region, and then a corresponding shape is etched. Since the gaps 1001 between the ITO layers are not discolored and there is a problem of light leakage in the middle of the region where no discoloration is caused when the minimum aperture is used, it is preferable that the etched gaps are as small as possible, and it is recommended that the gaps are 10 μ or less. Since the annular conductive layer 1x0 is a main light-transmitting region, the requirement for light transmittance is very high, and the lower the ITO sheet resistance, the better. The ITO sheet resistance and the transmittance are in direct proportion. Therefore, ITO having low sheet resistance and high transmittance is obtained. The suggested sheet resistance is 8-15 ohm, and the transmittance is above 90%.

Step M1615, forming two or more conductive traces on the outer periphery of the annular conductive layer.

In step M1615, the conductive trace is connected to the outer end of the bridging electrode to achieve connection with the annular conductive layer near the inner portion, and the conductive trace is directly connected to the annular conductive layer at the outermost portion. Please refer to fig. 3 for a structure of forming conductive traces.

Step M162, preparing a second assembly plate.

In this step, it comprises: a bridging electrode, an insulating layer, more than two annular conductive layers which are annular and are sequentially sleeved and a conductive routing which is arranged on the periphery of the annular conductive layers are sequentially formed on the second substrate. The process for preparing the second assembly plate is similar to that for preparing the first assembly plate, and is not repeated here.

And step M163, coating and forming a rubber frame on the first assembly plate.

Referring to fig. 21, fig. 21 is a schematic structural view illustrating a rubber frame formed on the first assembly plate. The glue frame 400 functions to adhere and seal the sides.

And M164, aligning and bonding the second assembly plate and the rubber frame.

Referring to fig. 22, fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of the second assembly plate aligned and bonded with the first assembly plate. In the step, the annular conducting layers on the assembling plates on the two sides are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the rubber frame, the first assembling plate and the second assembling plate enclose together to form an accommodating space 1009.

And step M165, filling the electrochromic material in the accommodating space, and sealing the accommodating space.

The step is to vacuumize the accommodating space, and then fill the color-changing material (specifically, small organic molecules, such as viologen, Viologens) into the accommodating space from the position of the reserved glue filling opening, thereby forming the color-changing material 300 as shown in fig. 2. And then sealing the glue filling port. In addition, the method for filling the electrochromic material may also adopt an odf (one dropfilling) process, and the detailed features of the structure are within the understanding of those skilled in the art and will not be described herein again. The glue frame 400 is used for adhering the first assembly board and the second assembly board and forming an accommodating space, and is also used for insulating and isolating the color-changing material 300 from the conductive traces. Alternatively, the thickness of the color-changing material 300 may be 50 to 100 μ. With continued reference to fig. 2, 3 individually color-changeable regions are finally formed, and the color-changeable materials in the three color-changeable regions (Q1, Q2, Q3) are communicated with each other.

Optionally, the preparation method may further include a thinning process. Since the substrate is generally made of a relatively thick material in consideration of strength during the assembly process, it is necessary to thin the substrate. It should be noted here that the thinning process may be performed after the color-changing material is filled, or may be performed before the color-changing material is filled. Among them, it is suggested that the substrates (including the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 100) may employ alkali-free glass of 0.4mm thickness in consideration of the strength of the substrates and the efficiency of the balance thinning. The thinning mode can be chemical thinning by adopting hydrofluoric acid. The single-layer substrate glass can be thinned to 0.3-0.35mm, which is equivalent to the thickness reduction of about 0.125mm of single glass. Optionally, after the thinning process, a step of polishing the microscopic defects of the surface thinning process may be further included.

In the preparation process of the electrochromic element, a structure with a large area and a plurality of electrochromic element units can be formed at one time, and then the electrochromic element units are cut into individual electrochromic element units, or one electrochromic element can be manufactured at one time. In order to improve the efficiency, a plurality of electrochromic element units may be manufactured at one time. When a plurality of electrochromic element units are manufactured at one time, a cutting step is generally required before the color-changing material is filled, and the electrochromic element structures are cut into independent units. The dice may be cut using a knife wheel or may be cut using a laser process. After cutting, simple edging treatment is needed, and after subsequent EC filling, the technological processes of grinding, chemical polishing and the like for removing glass cutting microcracks can be carried out.

The electrochromic element prepared by the preparation method of the electrochromic element provided by the embodiment can be applied to adjusting the aperture on the camera, and the size of the electrochromic aperture can be adjusted according to the requirements on different light incoming quantities.

The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent devices or equivalent processes performed by the present invention through the contents of the specification and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrochromic element, characterized in that the electrochromic element is used for an iris diaphragm; the electrochromic element includes: the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged; more than two pairs of electrode pairs are clamped between the first substrate and the second substrate, each electrode pair comprises two annular conducting layers which are oppositely arranged and respectively positioned on the first substrate and the second substrate, the annular conducting layers are of annular structures, and the annular conducting layers positioned on the substrates on the same side are sequentially sleeved; the annular conducting layer of each electrode pair is connected with more than two conducting wires positioned at the outer side of the outermost electrode pair in a one-to-one correspondence manner through the bridging electrode; the bridging electrode corresponding to the electrode pair positioned in the inner part is insulated from the annular conducting layer of the electrode pair positioned outside the electrode pair; and a color-changing material is filled between the two annular conductive layers of each electrode pair.

2. The electrochromic element according to claim 1, wherein a rubber frame is interposed between two opposite surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate, the rubber frame is disposed along edges of the first substrate and the second substrate, and encloses with the first substrate and the second substrate to form an accommodation space, and the color-changing material is filled in the accommodation space.

3. An electrochromic element, characterized in that the electrochromic element is used for an iris diaphragm; the electrochromic element includes:

the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged;

4. The electrochromic device as claimed in claim 3, wherein at least a third bridging electrode, a fifth annular conductive layer and a fifth conductive trace are disposed on the first substrate; the fifth annular conducting layer is sleeved outside the second annular conducting layer, and the fifth annular conducting layer and the second annular conducting layer are arranged in an insulating mode; the first conductive routing, the second conductive routing and the fifth conductive routing are all arranged on the outer side of the annular structure of the fifth annular conductive layer, the fifth conductive routing is connected with the fifth annular conductive layer, the second conductive routing is connected with the second annular conductive layer through the third bridging electrode, and the third bridging electrode and the fifth annular conductive layer are arranged in an insulating mode; the first bridging electrode is insulated from the fifth annular conducting layer and the second annular conducting layer;

the second substrate is provided with at least one fourth bridging electrode, a sixth annular conductive layer and a sixth conductive routing; the sixth annular conducting layer is sleeved outside the fourth annular conducting layer, and the sixth annular conducting layer and the fourth annular conducting layer are arranged in an insulating mode; the third conductive trace, the fourth conductive trace and the sixth conductive trace are all arranged on the outer side of the annular structure of the sixth annular conductive layer, the sixth conductive trace is connected with the sixth annular conductive layer, the fourth conductive trace is connected with the fourth annular conductive layer through the fourth bridging electrode, and the fourth bridging electrode and the sixth annular conductive layer are arranged in an insulating manner; the second bridging electrode is insulated from the sixth annular conductive layer and the fourth annular conductive layer;

the fifth annular conducting layer and the sixth annular conducting layer are arranged oppositely to form a third color-changing area; the color-changing material is filled in the first color-changing area, the second color-changing area and the third color-changing area.

5. The electrochromic element according to claim 4, wherein a rubber frame is sandwiched between two opposite surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate, the rubber frame is disposed along edges of the first substrate and the second substrate, and encloses with the first substrate and the second substrate to form an accommodation space, and the color-changing material is filled in the accommodation space.

6. The electrochromic element according to claim 5, wherein the adhesive frame covers the first conductive trace, the second conductive trace, the third conductive trace, the fourth conductive trace, the fifth conductive trace and the sixth conductive trace.

7. The electrochromic element according to claim 4, wherein the first conductive trace, the second conductive trace, the third conductive trace, the fourth conductive trace, the fifth conductive trace and the sixth conductive trace are respectively connected to a lead-out electrode.

8. The electrochromic element according to claim 4, wherein the first bridging electrode, the second bridging electrode, the third bridging electrode, and the fourth bridging electrode are two or more and are uniformly provided along a circumference of the annular conductive layer.

9. The electrochromic element according to claim 4, wherein the first bridging electrode, the second bridging electrode, the third bridging electrode and the fourth bridging electrode are made of ITO, and the sheet resistance of the material is in a range of 10-60 ohms; the transmittance of the material is more than 85%.

10. The electrochromic element according to claim 4, wherein the first annular conductive layer, the second annular conductive layer, the third annular conductive layer, the fourth annular conductive layer, the fifth annular conductive layer and the sixth annular conductive layer are made of ITO, and the sheet resistance of the material is in a range of 5-20 ohms; the transmittance of the material is more than 85%.

11. Electrochromic element according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a gap is provided between adjacent annular conductive layers on the same side substrate, the width of the gap being less than 20 μm.

12. The electrochromic element according to claim 4, wherein the resistances of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth conductive traces are each less than 2 ohms.

13. The electrochromic element according to claim 4, wherein the first conductive trace, the second conductive trace and the fifth conductive trace are all wound on an outer side of the fifth annular conductive layer; the third conductive trace and the sixth conductive trace are wound on the outer side of the sixth annular conductive layer.

14. A camera module, comprising a lens assembly, a photosensitive chip and the electrochromic element according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the photosensitive chip and the electrochromic element are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the lens assembly in a lighting direction.

15. The camera module is characterized by comprising optical elements and photosensitive chips which are arranged in the lighting direction; the optical element comprises a lens and the electrochromic element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13 attached to the lens, wherein the lens is aligned with the through hole of the annular conductive layer of the annular structure of the electrochromic element along the optical axis of the lens.

16. The camera module is characterized by comprising optical elements and photosensitive chips which are arranged in the lighting direction; the optical element comprises a front lens, a rear lens, and the electrochromic element of any one of claims 1-13; the optical axis of the rear lens is aligned with the front lens; the electrochromic element is connected with at least one of the front lens and the rear lens, and the through holes of the front lens and the rear lens and the annular conducting layer of the annular structure of the electrochromic element are aligned along the optical axis of the rear lens.

17. The electronic equipment is characterized by comprising a shell assembly and a camera module arranged opposite to the shell assembly; the housing assembly includes: the housing and the electrochromic element of any one of claims 1-13, wherein the housing comprises a light-transmissive region, the electrochromic element is attached to the light-transmissive region of the housing, and the camera module can collect light signals through the electrochromic element and the light-transmissive region.

18. The electronic equipment is characterized by comprising a shell assembly and a camera module arranged opposite to the shell assembly; the housing assembly includes: a housing and an electrochromic element according to any one of claims 1 to 13; the casing is provided with a mounting hole and a lens covering the mounting hole, and the electrochromic element is attached to the lens; the camera module can collect optical signals through the electrochromic element and the lens.

19. An electronic device, comprising a housing and the camera module of any one of claims 14-16 disposed opposite the housing; the casing includes the light transmission region, the camera module process the light transmission region of casing gathers light signal.

20. An electronic device, comprising a housing and the camera module of any one of claims 14-16 disposed opposite the housing; the shell is provided with a mounting hole, a lens is arranged on the mounting hole in a covering mode, and the camera module collects optical signals through the lens.