CN110543055A

CN110543055A - Electronic equipment, camera module, electrochromic element and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110543055A
Application number: CN201910925865.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭明镇; 王晓安
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-27
Filing date: 2019-09-27
Publication date: 2019-12-06

Abstract

The application provides an electronic device, a camera module, an electrochromic element and a preparation method thereof; the electrochromic element comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, a plurality of conducting layers are clamped between the first substrate and the second substrate, the conducting layers on the same substrate are partially overlapped, so that a plurality of communicated color-changing areas are formed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and color-changing materials are filled in the color-changing areas. The electrochromic element is formed in a structure of a plurality of conducting layers in a cake-like manner, namely, the conducting layer structures are stacked in the Z direction (thickness direction) and are separated by insulating layers between adjacent conducting layers; the stacking mode of the conducting layers can ensure that no gap exists between the adjacent color changing areas, avoids the occurrence of black circles (or non-color changing areas) between the adjacent color changing areas, and has the characteristics of clear and accurate color changing boundary, large effective light inlet amount and contribution to the miniaturization of the structure.

Description

electronic equipment, camera module, electrochromic element and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of camera module structures, in particular to electronic equipment, a camera module, an electrochromic element and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The conventional electrochromic device is generally used on the outside glass of a building or the automobile glass, the internal electrode stacking structure of the electrochromic device determines, and the electrochromic device cannot realize precise control of micro size, so that the electrochromic device cannot be applied in wider fields.

disclosure of Invention

An aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an electrochromic element, electrochromic element includes first base plate and the second base plate that sets up relatively, first base plate with press from both sides between the second base plate and be equipped with a plurality of conducting layers, lie in with partly range upon range of setting between the conducting layer on the base plate, with first base plate with form the regional of discolouing of a plurality of intercommunications between the second base plate, it has allochroic material to fill in the discolour regional.

The electrochromic element comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, wherein a plurality of color-changing units which can be independently driven and controlled are clamped between the first substrate and the second substrate; each color changing unit comprises a plurality of conducting layers, and the conducting layers of each color changing unit, which are positioned on the same side of the substrate, are partially stacked, so that each color changing unit can form a plurality of communicated color changing areas between the first substrate and the second substrate, and color changing materials are filled in the color changing areas; wherein, the color-changing materials among the plurality of color-changing units are communicated with each other.

In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electrochromic device, including:

A first substrate on which a first conductive layer is disposed;

the second substrate is arranged opposite to the first substrate and provided with a surface facing the first conducting layer, and the surface is sequentially stacked along a direction vertical to the surface and provided with:

The second conducting layer is arranged opposite to the first conducting layer, and a first color-changing area is formed between the second conducting layer and the first conducting layer in the direction vertical to the surface; and

a third conductive layer forming a second color-changing region with the first conductive layer in a direction perpendicular to the surface;

wherein the first color changing area and the second color changing area are communicated and filled with color changing materials.

in another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrochromic element for an iris diaphragm, including:

The circuit comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a third substrate, wherein the first substrate is provided with a first conducting layer in an annular structure, the first conducting layer is provided with a second conducting layer in the annular structure, the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer are separated by a first insulating layer, the axis of a through hole of the second conducting layer is superposed with the axis of the through hole of the first conducting layer, and the diameter of the through hole of the second conducting layer is larger than that of the through hole of the first conducting layer;

A third conducting layer in an annular structure is arranged on the surface of the second substrate opposite to the first substrate, and the projection of the third conducting layer on the first substrate is overlapped with the first conducting layer;

a color-changing material layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate

The embodiment of the application further provides a camera module, the camera module includes a lens component, a photosensitive chip and any one of the above embodiments, the photosensitive chip and the electrochromic element are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the lens component in the lighting direction.

The embodiment of the application also provides a camera module, which comprises optical elements and photosensitive chips which are arranged in the lighting direction; the optical element comprises a lens and the electrochromic element attached to the lens, wherein the lens and the through hole of the conducting layer of the electrochromic element are arranged in an aligned mode along the optical axis of the lens.

The embodiment of the application further provides a camera module, which comprises optical elements and photosensitive chips which are arranged in the lighting direction; the optical element comprises a front lens, a rear lens and the electrochromic element of any one of the above embodiments; the optical axis of the rear lens is aligned with the front lens; the electrochromic element is connected with at least one of the front lens and the rear lens, and the front lens and the rear lens are aligned with the conductive layer through hole of the electrochromic element along the optical axis of the rear lens.

The embodiment of the application further provides electronic equipment, which comprises a shell assembly and a camera module arranged in the shell assembly; the housing assembly includes: the casing and the electrochromic element of any one of the above embodiments, at least partial region of the casing is transparent, the electrochromic element is attached to the transparent region of the casing, and the camera module focuses light from a scene through the electrochromic element.

The embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment, which comprises a shell assembly and a camera module arranged in the shell assembly; the housing assembly includes: a housing and an electrochromic element as in any of the above embodiments; the casing is provided with a mounting hole, and the electrochromic element is covered on the mounting hole; the camera module focuses light from a scene through the electrochromic element.

An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes a housing and the camera module in any one of the above embodiments disposed in the housing; at least a portion of the housing is transparent, and the camera module focuses light from the scene through the transparent region of the housing.

the embodiment of the application further provides electronic equipment, which comprises a shell and the camera module arranged in the shell, wherein the camera module is arranged in any one of the embodiments; the shell is provided with a mounting hole, a lens is arranged on the mounting hole in a covering mode, and the camera module focuses light from a scene through the lens.

The embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment, which comprises a shell assembly and a functional device arranged opposite to the shell assembly; the housing assembly includes: the casing comprises a light-transmitting area, the electrochromic element is attached to the light-transmitting area of the casing, the functional device is at least arranged corresponding to one color-changing area of the electrochromic element, and light signals can be collected through the electrochromic element and the light-transmitting area; the electrochromic element may enable masking or exposure of the functional device.

the embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment, which comprises a shell assembly and a functional device arranged opposite to the shell assembly; the housing assembly includes: the electrochromic element comprises a shell and the electrochromic element in any one of the above embodiments, wherein the shell is provided with a mounting hole, the electrochromic element is covered on the mounting hole, the functional device is at least arranged corresponding to one color-changing area of the electrochromic element, and can collect optical signals through the electrochromic element and a light-transmitting area; the electrochromic element may enable masking or exposure of the functional device.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing an electrochromic device, where the method includes:

Preparing a first assembly plate; the method comprises the following steps: sequentially forming a first conductive layer, a first insulating layer and a second conductive layer on a first substrate;

preparing a second assembly plate; the method comprises the following steps: forming a third conductive layer on the second substrate;

coating the first assembly plate to form a rubber frame;

Aligning and bonding the second assembly plate and the rubber frame; wherein a projection of the third conductive layer on the first substrate overlaps the first conductive layer; the rubber frame, the first assembly plate and the second assembly plate are arranged in a surrounding mode to form an accommodating space;

And filling an electrochromic material in the accommodating space, and sealing the accommodating space.

According to the electrochromic element provided by the embodiment of the application, a structure of a plurality of conducting layers is formed in a cake-on-cake manner, namely the conducting layer structures are stacked in the Z direction (thickness direction), and adjacent conducting layers are separated by an insulating layer; the stacking mode of the conducting layers can ensure that no gap exists between the adjacent color changing areas, avoids the occurrence of black circles (or non-color changing areas) between the adjacent color changing areas, and has the characteristics of clear and accurate color changing boundary, large effective light inlet amount and contribution to the miniaturization of the structure.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electrochromic device according to the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a first substrate of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the second substrate shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of an electrochromic device according to the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another embodiment of an electrochromic device according to the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the first substrate shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the second substrate of the embodiment of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a camera module according to the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an optical element of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a camera module with a disassembled structure;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of an optical element of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic, exploded view of an embodiment of an electronic device of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method for fabricating an electrochromic device according to the present application;

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a first conductive layer formed on a first substrate;

Fig. 15 is a schematic front view of a structure in which a first conductive layer and a conductive electrode are formed over a first substrate;

FIG. 16 is a schematic side view of a structure in which a first conductive layer and a conductive electrode are formed on a first substrate;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the structure after the formation of an insulating layer;

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of a stacked structure after forming a second conductive layer;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the first assembled plate in an intermediate state;

FIG. 20 is a schematic side view of the structure of the first assembly plate;

FIG. 21 is a schematic top view of the structure of the first assembled panel of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a schematic side view of the structure of the second assembled plate;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the structure after a glue frame is formed on the first assembly board;

FIG. 24 is a schematic top view of the structure on the first substrate side of another embodiment of an electrochromic device;

FIG. 25 is a schematic top view of a first substrate side of another embodiment of an electrochromic device;

fig. 26 is an enlarged view of a part of the structure of the conductive part of the conductive electrode connected to the conductive layer;

FIG. 27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at A-A in FIG. 26;

FIG. 28 is a simplified schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a camera module;

FIG. 29 is a schematic, exploded view of another embodiment of an electronic device of the present application;

FIG. 30 is a schematic, exploded view of a further embodiment of an electronic device of the present application;

FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of a schematic front view of a further embodiment of an electrochromic element;

FIG. 32 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrochromic element of FIG. 31 at B-B;

FIG. 33 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another embodiment of an electrochromic element;

FIG. 34 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrochromic element of FIG. 33 at C-C;

Fig. 35 is a schematic structural view of an electrochromic element provided in correspondence with a functional device.

Detailed Description

the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be noted that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Likewise, the following examples are only some but not all examples of the present invention, and all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.

reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

As used herein, an "electronic device" (or simply "terminal") includes, but is not limited to, an apparatus that is configured to receive/transmit communication signals via a wireline connection, such as via a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), a digital cable, a direct cable connection, and/or another data connection/network, and/or via a wireless interface (e.g., for a cellular network, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), a digital television network such as a DVB-H network, a satellite network, an AM-FM broadcast transmitter, and/or another communication terminal). A communication terminal arranged to communicate over a wireless interface may be referred to as a "wireless communication terminal", "wireless terminal" or "mobile terminal". Examples of mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular telephones; a Personal Communications System (PCS) terminal that may combine a cellular radiotelephone with data processing, facsimile and data communications capabilities; PDAs that may include radiotelephones, pagers, internet/intranet access, Web browsers, notepads, calendars, and/or Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers; and conventional laptop and/or palmtop receivers or other electronic devices that include a radiotelephone transceiver. A cellular phone is an electronic device equipped with a cellular communication module.

referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electrochromic device 10 in the present application, which is used for an iris diaphragm of a camera and includes a first substrate 100, a second substrate 200 and a color-changing material layer 300. The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or may alternatively include other steps or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

specifically, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3 together, fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a structure on one side of the first substrate in the embodiment of fig. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the second substrate of the embodiment of FIG. 1. The first substrate 100 is provided with a first conductive layer 101 having an annular structure, the first conductive layer 101 is provided with a second conductive layer 102 having an annular structure, the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are separated by a first insulating layer 110, wherein an axis of a through hole of the second conductive layer 102 coincides with an axis of a through hole of the first conductive layer 101, and a diameter of the through hole of the second conductive layer 102 is larger than that of the through hole of the first conductive layer 101.

The material of the first insulating layer 110 may be resin, silicon oxide, or the like. The first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 may be made of glass or a transparent resin material, such as PET (Polyethylene terephthalate, PET or PEIT, commonly called polyester resin, or a condensation polymer of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol), PMMA (poly (methyl methacrylate), also called Acrylic, Acrylic or organic glass, and the like. Further material types for the first substrate 110 are not listed and detailed herein within the understanding of those skilled in the art.

The first conductive layer 101, the color-changing material layer 300, and the second conductive layer 102 may be formed by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD), which specifically includes vacuum evaporation, sputtering, and ion plating (hollow cathode ion plating, hot cathode ion plating, arc ion plating, reactive ion plating, radio frequency ion plating, and dc discharge ion plating).

the thicknesses of the first conductive layer 101 and the second conductive layer 102 may be between 100nm and 300nm, and specifically, may be 100nm, 120nm, 150nm, 200nm, 280nm, 300nm, and the like. The material of the first conductive layer 101 and the second conductive layer 102 is made of a transparent conductive material. The transparent conductive material may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), zinc aluminum oxide (AZO), or a graphene thin film, etc. Note that the same characteristics as to the material and parameters of the conductive layers apply to the third conductive layer, the fourth conductive layer, the fifth conductive layer …, and the nth conductive layer, which are described in the following embodiments.

Alternatively, the electrochromic material included in the color changing material layer 300 may be an organic polymer (including polyaniline, polythiophene, and the like), an inorganic material (prussian blue, a transition metal oxide such as tungsten trioxide), an organic small molecule (viologen), and the like. When the color-changing material layer 300 is an organic polymer or an inorganic material, it may include a color-changing layer, an ion conducting layer, an ion storage layer, etc., and the detailed technical features thereof are within the understanding range of those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

In this embodiment, a circular conductive layer structure (and a circular through hole) is taken as an example for explanation, in some other embodiments, both the first conductive layer 101 and the second conductive layer 102 may be in a ring shape with other shapes, such as a polygon, and the like, please refer to fig. 24 and fig. 25, fig. 24 is a schematic top view of a structure on one side of a first substrate of another embodiment of an electrochromic device, fig. 25 is a schematic top view of a structure on one side of a first substrate of yet another embodiment of an electrochromic device, wherein the conductive layer in fig. 24 is a rounded rectangle, and the conductive layer in fig. 25 is a hexagon.

The edge of the first insulating layer 110 near the via centerline O may be flush with the edge of the second conductive layer 102 near the via centerline O. It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and "third" in the embodiments of the present application are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

A third conductive layer 103 in an annular structure is arranged on a surface of the second substrate 200 opposite to the first substrate 100, and a projection of the third conductive layer 103 on the first substrate 100 is overlapped with the first conductive layer 101; the first conductive layer 101, the second conductive layer 102, the third conductive layer 103, and the color-changing material layer 300 are interposed between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200. A rubber frame 400 is clamped between two opposite surfaces of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200, the rubber frame 400 is arranged along the edges of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200, and encloses with the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 to form an accommodating space, and the accommodating space is filled with a color-changing material to form the color-changing material layer 300. The color-changing material layer 300 may be an organic small molecule. When the color-changing material layer 300 is an organic small molecule, a specific formation manner may be that the color-changing material layer is formed in the accommodating space by a vacuum filling process.

The first conductive layer 101 and the third conductive layer 103 are controlled to be conductive to form a ring-shaped first discoloring region Q1, and the second conductive layer 102 and the third conductive layer 103 are controlled to be conductive to form a ring-shaped second discoloring region Q2. The Q0 area is not provided with an electrode structure, and can be used as a minimum light transmission area of the diaphragm, namely a minimum light transmission hole. The first color-changing area Q1, the second color-changing area Q2 and the Q0 are adjacent to each other and are concentrically arranged.

When the first color-changing region Q1 and the second color-changing region Q2 are controlled to be in an opaque state at the same time (the first conductive layer 101, the second conductive layer 102, and the third conductive layer 103 are driven to be in conduction at the same time), the Q0 region is a light-transmitting region of the diaphragm, and when only the second color-changing region Q2 is controlled to be in an opaque state (or a colored state, a state in which light transmittance is low), the outer diameter size range of the first color-changing region Q1 (including the first color-changing regions Q1 and Q0 regions) is a light-transmitting region of the diaphragm; when the first color-changing region Q1 and the second color-changing region Q2 are both controlled to be opaque, the outer diameter size range of the second color-changing region Q2 (including the second color-changing region Q2, the first color-changing region Q1, and the Q0 region) is a light-transmitting region of the diaphragm.

optionally, each conductive layer is correspondingly connected to a conductive electrode 109, each conductive electrode 109 includes a conduction portion 1091 and a lead-out portion 1092, which are integrally formed, the conduction portion 1091 and the conductive layers (including the first conductive layer 101, the second conductive layer 102, and the third conductive layer 103), and the lead-out portion 1092 is used for connecting to an external control circuit. The first substrate 100 is provided with a trace connection terminal 108, the lead-out portion 1092 of the conductive electrode on the second substrate 200 side is electrically connected to the trace connection terminal 108 on the first substrate 100, and an external circuit (not shown) is respectively connected to the trace connection terminal 108 and the lead-out portion 1092 of the conductive electrode 109 on the first substrate 100 side.

Optionally, referring to fig. 26 and 27 together, fig. 26 is an enlarged view of a partial structure of a conductive portion of a conductive electrode connected to a conductive layer, fig. 27 is a cross-sectional view of a structure at a-a in fig. 26, a conductive portion 1091 of the conductive electrode 109 is a grid structure, which is illustrated by taking the first conductive layer 101 as an example, wherein the conductive electrode 109 may be formed by micro-etching, and a line width W may be 10 to 1000 micrometers, such as 10 micrometers, 20 micrometers, 50 micrometers, 100 micrometers, 200 micrometers, 500 micrometers, 800 micrometers, 1000 micrometers, and the like. The conductive electrode structure with the grid structure can increase the contact area between the conductive electrode 109 and the conductive layer, reduce the surface impedance of the conductive layer and improve the transmittance of the conductive electrode (the whole electrochromic element); the reaction of the conductive layer can be faster, and the color change rate of the color change material is faster.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of an electrochromic device in the present application, different from the previous embodiment, in the electrochromic device in the present embodiment, a ring-shaped fourth conductive layer 104 is disposed on a third conductive layer 103, the third conductive layer 103 and the fourth conductive layer 104 are separated by a second insulating layer 120, and a projection of the fourth conductive layer 104 on the first substrate 100 overlaps with the second conductive layer 102. That is, the shape of the fourth conductive layer 104 is the same as that of the second conductive layer 102, and the fourth conductive layer is disposed opposite to the second conductive layer 102.

the first conductive layer 101 and the third conductive layer 103 are controlled to be conductive to form a ring-shaped first discoloring region Q1, and the second conductive layer 102 and the fourth conductive layer 104 are controlled to be conductive to form a ring-shaped second discoloring region Q2. The Q0 area is also a minimum light transmission area, i.e. a minimum light transmission hole, which is not provided with an electrode structure and is used as a diaphragm. When the first color-changing region Q1 and the second color-changing region Q2 are controlled to be in an opaque state (or colored state, low transmittance state, and the same below) at the same time (the first conductive layer 101, the second conductive layer 102, the third conductive layer 103, and the fourth conductive layer 104 are driven to be in an on state at the same time), the Q0 region is a light-transmitting region of the diaphragm, and when only the second color-changing region Q2 is controlled to be in an opaque state, the outer diameter size range of the first color-changing region Q1 (including the first color-changing regions Q1 and Q0 regions) is a light-transmitting region of the diaphragm; when both the first color-change region Q1 and the second color-change region Q2 are controlled to be in a light-transmitting state, the outer diameter size range of the second color-change region Q2 (including the second color-change region Q2, the first color-change region Q1, and the Q0 region) is a light-transmitting region of the diaphragm. The width of the annular color-changing region (including the second color-changing region Q2 and the first color-changing region Q1) may be small, such as 10um, 20um, 100um or 500um, and may be determined comprehensively according to the variation precision of the aperture, the manufacturing process, the control precision, and the like, and is not limited herein.

In this embodiment, a form of one-to-one corresponding electrode pairs (the first conductive layer 101 and the third conductive layer 103 are a group of electrode pairs, and the second conductive layer 102 and the fourth conductive layer 104 are a group of electrode pairs) is adopted, so that different color-changing areas have clearer boundaries, and further, the size range of the aperture is more accurate and clear.

Further, referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a further embodiment of the electrochromic device of the present application, in the electrochromic device of the present embodiment, a first substrate 100 is provided with a first conductive layer 101 in a ring structure, the first conductive layer 101 is provided with a second conductive layer 102 in a ring structure, the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are separated by a first insulating layer 110, wherein an axis of a through hole of the second conductive layer 102 coincides with an axis of a through hole of the first conductive layer 101, and a diameter of the through hole of the second conductive layer 102 is greater than a diameter of the through hole of the first conductive layer 101.

the material of the first insulating layer 110 may be resin, silicon oxide, or the like. The material of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 may be glass or a transparent resin material. The first conductive layer 101, the color-changing material layer 300, and the second conductive layer 102 may be formed by physical vapor deposition. In this embodiment, a circular ring-shaped conductive layer structure is taken as an example for illustration, and in some other embodiments, both the first conductive layer 101 and the second conductive layer 102 may be a ring shape with other shapes, such as a polygon, and the like, which is not limited herein.

different from the foregoing embodiment, in this embodiment, the second conductive layer 102 is provided with a fifth conductive layer 105 having a ring structure on a surface of a side away from the first conductive layer 101, the fifth conductive layer 105 and the second conductive layer 102 are separated by a third insulating layer 130, an axis of a through hole of the fifth conductive layer 105 coincides with an axis of a through hole of the second conductive layer 102, and a diameter of the through hole of the fifth conductive layer 105 is larger than a diameter of the through hole of the second conductive layer 102.

optionally, a third conductive layer 103 in an annular structure is disposed on a surface of the second substrate 200 opposite to the first substrate 100, and a projection of the third conductive layer 103 on the first substrate 100 overlaps with the first conductive layer 101; a fourth conductive layer 104 with a ring structure is disposed on the third conductive layer 103, the third conductive layer 103 and the fourth conductive layer 104 are separated by a second insulating layer 120, and a projection of the fourth conductive layer 104 on the first substrate 100 overlaps with the second conductive layer 102. That is, the shape of the fourth conductive layer 104 is the same as that of the second conductive layer 102, and the fourth conductive layer is disposed opposite to the second conductive layer 102.

A sixth conductive layer 106 with a ring structure is arranged on the surface of the fourth conductive layer 104 on the side away from the third conductive layer 103, and the sixth conductive layer 106 and the fourth conductive layer 104 are separated by a fourth insulating layer 140; the projection of the sixth conductive layer 106 on the first substrate 100 overlaps with the fifth conductive layer 105, that is, the shape of the sixth conductive layer 106 is the same as that of the fifth conductive layer 105, and the sixth conductive layer 106 is disposed opposite to the fifth conductive layer 105.

optionally, the first conductive layer 101, the second conductive layer 102, the third conductive layer 103, the fourth conductive layer 104, the fifth conductive layer 105, the sixth conductive layer 106, and the color-changing material layer 300 are sandwiched between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200. A rubber frame 400 is clamped between two opposite surfaces of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200, the rubber frame 400 is arranged along the edges of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200, and encloses with the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 to form an accommodating space, and the accommodating space is filled with a color-changing material to form the color-changing material layer 300. The color-changing material layer 300 may be an organic small molecule. When the color-changing material layer 300 is an organic small molecule, a specific formation manner may be that the color-changing material layer is formed in the accommodating space by a vacuum filling process.

the edge of the first insulating layer 110 close to the center line O of the via hole may be flush with the edge of the second conductive layer 102 close to the center line O of the via hole; the edge of the second insulating layer 120 near the via center line O may be flush with the edge of the fourth conductive layer 104 near the via center line O; the edge of the third insulating layer 130 near the via center line O may be flush with the edge of the fifth conductive layer 105 near the via center line O; an edge of the fourth insulating layer 140 near the via center line O may be flush with an edge of the sixth conductive layer 106 near the via center line O.

the first conductive layer 101 and the third conductive layer 103 are controlled to be conductive to form a ring-shaped first discoloring region Q1, and the second conductive layer 102 and the fourth conductive layer 104 are controlled to be conductive to form a ring-shaped second discoloring region Q2. Fifth conductive layer 105 and sixth conductive layer 106 are controlled and driven to be conductive, and third color-changing region Q3 in a ring shape is formed. The Q0 area is also a minimum light transmission area, i.e. a minimum light transmission hole, which is not provided with an electrode structure and is used as a diaphragm. When the first color-changing region Q1, the second color-changing region Q2, and the third color-changing region Q3 are controlled to be in an opaque state (or colored state, low transmittance, and the same below) at the same time (the first conductive layer 101, the second conductive layer 102, the third conductive layer 103, the fourth conductive layer 104, the fifth conductive layer 105, and the sixth conductive layer 106 are driven to be in an on state at the same time), the Q0 region is a light-transmitting region of the diaphragm, and when the second color-changing region Q2 and the third color-changing region Q3 are controlled to be in an opaque state, the outer diameter size range of the first color-changing region Q1 (including the first color-changing region Q1 and the Q0 region) is a light-transmitting region of the diaphragm; when only the third color-changing area Q3 is controlled to be in the opaque state, the outer diameter size range of the second color-changing area Q2 (including the second color-changing area Q2, the first color-changing area Q1 and the Q0 area) is a light-transmitting area of the diaphragm; when the first color-change region Q1, the second color-change region Q2, and the third color-change region Q3 are all controlled to be transmissive, the outer diameter size range of the third color-change region Q3 (including the third color-change region Q3, the second color-change region Q2, the first color-change region Q1, and the Q0 region) is a transmissive region of the diaphragm, and is also the size of the maximum diaphragm in this embodiment.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7 together, fig. 6 is a schematic top view of a structure on one side of the first substrate in the embodiment of fig. 5; FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the second substrate of the embodiment of FIG. 5. Optionally, each conductive layer is correspondingly connected to a conductive electrode 109, each conductive electrode 109 includes a conductive portion 1091 and a lead-out portion 1092, the conductive portion 1091 and the conductive layers (including the first conductive layer 101, the second conductive layer 102, the third conductive layer 103, the fourth conductive layer 104, the fifth conductive layer 105, and the sixth conductive layer 106) are integrally formed, and the lead-out portion 1092 is used for connecting to an external control circuit (not shown). Optionally, the electrochromic element in this embodiment further includes an FPC 500, and the FPC 500 is respectively connected to the trace connection end 108 and the lead-out portion 1092 of the conductive electrode 109 on the first substrate 100 side. Namely, the whole structure of the electrochromic element is led out from the binding area on the substrate on one side, and then is connected with an external control circuit.

It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, a three-stage diaphragm is taken as an example for illustration, and in some other embodiments, modified embodiments based on the embodiments of the present application, such as four-stage, five-stage, six-stage, and even multi-stage color-changing diaphragm structures, should be within the scope of the present application, and the multi-stage color-changing diaphragm structures are not further illustrated and described herein.

In the conventional stacking scheme of the electrochromic electrode structure, generally, ITO patterns are etched in the same plane of the substrate, that is, the ITO patterns are spaced apart from each other in the same plane of the X/Y substrate, and in contrast, the idea of the embodiment of the present application is to form a structure of a plurality of conductive layers in a cake-stacked manner, that is, a conductive layer structure is stacked in the Z direction (thickness direction), and adjacent conductive layers are spaced apart from each other by an insulating layer; the stacking mode of the conducting layers can enable no gap to exist between adjacent color changing areas, avoid black rings (or non-color changing areas) from appearing between the adjacent color changing areas, and have the characteristics of clear and accurate color changing boundary. In addition, because the technical scheme in the application has no black circle, under the condition of the same size of the aperture, the effective light entering area of the technical scheme in the application is larger, if the structural form in the conventional technology wants to achieve the same light entering amount as that in the technical scheme in the application, the aperture is inevitably required to be large, that is, the whole size of the electrochromic element is also required to be large, which is not beneficial to the miniaturization of the electrochromic element (even the whole structure of the electronic device), and the electrochromic element with the larger structural size also affects the aesthetic degree of the electronic device.

the electrochromic element provided by the embodiment of the application can be used as a camera module aperture, and the purpose of changing the size of the camera module aperture can be realized by changing the size of the light-transmitting area; has the characteristics of small volume and accurate control of the aperture size.

referring to fig. 31 and 32 together, fig. 31 is a schematic structural front view of an electrochromic device according to still another embodiment, and fig. 32 is a schematic sectional view of the electrochromic device in fig. 31 at a position B-B, in this embodiment, the electrochromic device may include a plurality of color-changing units 1000, where the color-changing units 1000 refer to a group of color-changing structures that can be controlled individually, and specifically may include conductive layers, insulating layers, conductive electrodes, and the like in the foregoing embodiments, and for detailed structural features of this part, reference is made to the related description of the foregoing embodiments, and details are not repeated here.

Electrochromic materials between adjacent color-changing units 1000 can be communicated with each other, and the structure can reduce the rubber frame structure positioned in the inner position (or between the adjacent color-changing units 1000), thereby improving the manufacturing efficiency of the electrochromic element. In the figure, 410 is an insulating rubber frame, and a channel 4101 is reserved between the insulating rubber frames at the upper and lower sides and used for communicating electrochromic materials between adjacent color-changing units 1000. Of course, in some other embodiments, adjacent color-changing units 1000 may also be separated by a rubber frame, and the electrochromic materials are not connected to each other, which is not limited herein. When the electrochromic element is used as an iris diaphragm, each color-changing unit 1000 can be respectively arranged corresponding to one camera.

referring to fig. 33 and 34 together, fig. 33 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of an electrochromic device, and fig. 34 is a schematic sectional view of the electrochromic device at C-C in fig. 33; the electrochromic element in this embodiment will be described by taking the formation of three color-changing regions as an example. The electrochromic element comprises a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 200 which are oppositely arranged, wherein a conductive layer structure between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 is still in a cake-type laminating mode, and a first conductive layer 101, a first insulating layer 110, a second conductive layer 102, a third insulating layer 130 and a fifth conductive layer 105 are sequentially laminated on the first substrate 100; a third conductive layer 103, a second insulating layer 120, a fourth conductive layer 104, a fourth insulating layer 140, and a sixth conductive layer 106 are sequentially stacked on the second substrate 200; each conductive layer is connected with a corresponding conductive electrode 109; wherein a first color-changing region Q1 is formed between the first conductive layer 101 and the third conductive layer 103, a second color-changing region Q2 is formed between the second conductive layer 102 and the fourth conductive layer 104, and a third color-changing region Q3 is formed between the third conductive layer 103 and the sixth conductive layer 106; the first color-changing region Q1, the second color-changing region Q2, and the third color-changing region Q3 are communicated with each other, and the interior thereof is filled with the color-changing material 300.

Unlike the previous embodiments, the color-changing regions (including the first color-changing region Q1, the second color-changing region Q2, and the third color-changing region Q3) in this embodiment are not ring-shaped structures, but rectangular structures, please refer to fig. 35 together, fig. 35 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrochromic device and the functional device, in the illustrated embodiment, each color-changing region corresponds to a functional device 900, and the functional device 900 can collect optical signals through the electrochromic device. The electrochromic element in this embodiment can achieve shielding and exposure of the functional device 900. In the present embodiment, the width of the color-changing region (including the first color-changing region Q1, the second color-changing region Q2, and the third color-changing region Q3) may be 1mm, 5mm, 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, etc., and may be determined according to the size of the functional device 900 to be shielded, which is not particularly limited herein.

Alternatively, the functional device 900 may include a camera 91, a sensor 92, a flash 93, and the like. In addition, in some other embodiments, an arrangement structure that one functional device corresponds to a plurality of color changing regions or one color changing region corresponds to a plurality of functional devices may also be adopted, which is not listed and described in detail herein.

Further, an embodiment of the present application further provides a camera module, please refer to fig. 8, where fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the camera module of the present application, the camera module 80 includes a body portion 81 and a lens portion 82, the interiors of the body portion 81 and the lens portion 82 are communicated to form a cavity 800, and the lens assembly 83 and the photosensitive chip 84 are disposed in the cavity 800; the lens assembly 83 may include a plurality of lenses, and will not be described in detail herein. Of course, in some other embodiments, the camera module 80 may not be divided into the lens portion and the main body portion, and is an integrated cavity structure, as shown in fig. 28, and fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the camera module. Referring to fig. 8, in the present embodiment, an end of the lens portion 82 is covered with an electrochromic element 10, the photosensitive chip 84 and the electrochromic element 10 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the lens assembly 83 in the lighting direction, the electrochromic element 10 can be connected to a control circuit (not shown) through a leading-out terminal 11, and the purpose of changing the aperture of the camera module is achieved by changing the size of the light-transmitting area of the electrochromic element 10. For detailed structural features of the electrochromic device 10, reference is made to the description of the foregoing embodiments. The internal structure of the camera module is within the understanding of those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail herein.

An optical element is further provided in the embodiments of the present application, please refer to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the optical element of the present application; the optical element 70 is used for a lens of a camera module, and the lens of the camera module has a function of an iris diaphragm. The optical element 70 comprises a lens 71 and an electrochromic element 10 attached to the lens 71, wherein the lens 71 and a conductive layer through hole of the electrochromic element 10 are aligned along an optical axis 701 of the lens. For the detailed structure of the electrochromic device 10, reference is also made to the related description of the foregoing embodiments.

Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a camera module with a disassembled structure, wherein the camera module includes an optical element 70, an optical film 60, a photo sensor chip 50, and a housing (not shown). The optical element 70 in this embodiment comprises a front lens 710 and a rear lens 720, the optical axis 701 of the front lens is aligned with the rear lens, and the electrochromic element 10 is connected with at least one of the front lens or the rear lens, and in this embodiment, the electrochromic element 10 is disposed between the front lens 710 and the rear lens 720 and connected with the front lens 710. The optical axes 701 of the front lens 710 and the rear lens 720 are aligned with the axis of the conductive layer through hole of the electrochromic element 10. Wherein each of the front lens 710 and the rear lens 720 may include a plurality of lens layers. The optical film 60 may include an IR filter or the like.

Further alternatively, the optical element 70 may also be an integral structure, please refer to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the optical element of the present application; the front lens 710 and the rear lens 720 of the optical element can be respectively connected with two side substrates of the electrochromic element to form an integrated optical element 70 structure.

further, an electronic device is provided in an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 12, where fig. 12 is a schematic structural split view of an embodiment of the electronic device of the present application; it should be noted that the electronic device in the present application may include an electronic device with a camera assembly, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, and a wearable device. The electronic device in this embodiment includes a display screen 40, a camera module 80, and a housing assembly 30, where the housing assembly 30 includes a housing 31 and an electrochromic element 10, and the electrochromic element 10 is attached to a surface of the housing 31. Optionally, the housing 31 may be made of an integral transparent material, or at least a part of the area is transparent, the electrochromic element 10 is attached to the transparent area of the housing 31, and the camera module 80 focuses light from a scene outside the electronic device through the electrochromic element 10. In some other embodiments, the electrochromic element 10 may be embedded in the transparent casing 31. And is not particularly limited herein. In addition, the non-transparent region of the case 31 may also be coated with ink or a light blocking material.

Optionally, the display screen 40 and the transparent shell 31 of the shell assembly 30 jointly enclose to form an accommodating cavity 1001, the camera module 80 is disposed in the accommodating cavity, specifically, the camera module 80 may be connected to the circuit board 88 disposed in the accommodating cavity, the camera module 80 corresponds to the setting of the electrochromic element 10, and the size of the light-transmitting area of the electrochromic element 10 is changed to achieve the purpose of changing the aperture of the camera module 80. This scheme is equivalent to external with the light ring structure of camera module 80, accomplish the shell of electronic equipment with the light ring structure on.

Further, an electronic device is provided in an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 29, where fig. 29 is a schematic structural disassembly diagram of another embodiment of the electronic device of the present application; the electronic device in this embodiment also includes a display screen 40, camera module(s) 80, and a housing assembly 30; the housing assembly 30 comprises a housing 31 and an electrochromic element 10, wherein the housing 31 further comprises a middle frame 311 and a rear cover 312, a mounting hole 3120 is provided on the rear cover 312, and the electrochromic element 10 is covered on the mounting hole 3120. The electrochromic element 10 in this embodiment has a structure of a plurality of variable apertures, which correspond to the plurality of camera modules 80, respectively.

optionally, the housing 31 may further include a decoration 313, the decoration 313 is embedded in the mounting hole 3120, and the electrochromic element 10 is connected to the decoration 313. The camera module 80 passes through the light that comes from the outside scenery of electronic equipment is focused to electrochromic element 10, and electrochromic element 10 is as the iris diaphragm structure of camera module 80, and the structure of iris diaphragm is no longer set up in the inside of camera module 80 self structure.

In addition, the electronic device in this embodiment may also use the structure of the camera module shown in fig. 8 to 11 and fig. 28, that is, the structure of the iris diaphragm (electrochromic element) is made into the internal structure of the camera module 80 itself, so that the structure of the electrochromic element does not need to be arranged in the housing assembly, and the electrochromic element 10 in fig. 29 is replaced by a common lens to play a protection role.

optionally, an electronic device is further provided in an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 30, where fig. 30 is a schematic structural split view of a further embodiment of the electronic device according to the present application; in this embodiment, the camera module 80 may adopt the structure shown in fig. 8-11 and fig. 28, that is, the structure of the iris diaphragm (electrochromic device 10) is built into the internal structure of the camera module 80 itself, and only at least a partially transparent area 301 (dotted line position in the figure) needs to be present on the housing 31, and the camera module focuses the light from the scenery through the transparent area 301 of the housing.

According to the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the application, the electrochromic element on the shell can be used as the camera module aperture, and the purpose of changing the size of the camera module aperture can be realized by changing the size of the light-transmitting area; the electronic device has the characteristics of small volume and accurate control of the size of the aperture, and can be designed to be lighter and thinner.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing an electrochromic device, please refer to fig. 13, where fig. 13 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for manufacturing an electrochromic device according to the present application. The preparation method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps. The method is described by taking the electrochromic device structure in the embodiment of fig. 5 as an example, and the preparation method of the electrochromic device structure in other embodiments is similar to that of the electrochromic device structure in other embodiments.

Step M131, a first assembly plate is prepared.

In this step, the method may specifically include plating an ITO layer on the first substrate, and then etching the first conductive layer with a ring structure. Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a first conductive layer formed on a first substrate. Meanwhile, the structure of the trace connection terminal 108 can be etched in this step. Then, a conductive electrode 109 is formed on the first conductive layer 101, wherein the conductive electrode 109 may be made of silver, aluminum, or the like. Referring to fig. 15 and 16 together, fig. 15 is a schematic front view of a structure in which a first conductive layer and a conductive electrode are formed on a first substrate; fig. 16 is a schematic side view of a structure in which a first conductive layer and a conductive electrode are formed over a first substrate. It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

The conductive electrode 109 may be formed by micro-etching to form a lead-out portion and a grid-shaped conductive portion (please refer to fig. 25 and 26 in the foregoing structural embodiment), a specific etching manner may be to plate a metal film or a film layer of other conductive material, then etch away a portion other than the conductive electrode trace, and leave the remaining portion, i.e., the structural form in fig. 25 and 26, the detailed etching method may be a chemical etching method, an optical etching mask method, etc., and will not be described herein again within the understanding range of those skilled in the art.

Then, an insulating layer is plated, and the first insulating layer 110 entirely covers the conductive electrode 109 and the first conductive layer 101. Referring to fig. 17, fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram after an insulating layer is formed.

Alternatively, an ITO layer is plated on the first insulating layer 110, and then the second conductive layer 102 is formed by etching. Referring to fig. 18, fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a stacked structure after a second conductive layer is formed. Then, the conductive electrode 109, the third insulating layer 130, the fifth conductive layer 105, and the conductive electrode 109 are sequentially formed by using a similar method. The axis of the through hole of the second conductive layer 102 coincides with the axis of the through hole of the first conductive layer 101, and the diameter of the through hole of the second conductive layer 102 is larger than that of the through hole of the first conductive layer 101; the axis of the through hole of the fifth conductive layer 105 coincides with the axis of the through hole of the second conductive layer 102, and the diameter of the through hole of the fifth conductive layer 105 is larger than the diameter of the through hole of the second conductive layer 102.

referring to fig. 19, fig. 19 is a structural diagram of the first assembly plate in an intermediate state. In this state, the third insulating layer 130 and the first insulating layer 110 are stacked and connected to each other, and then the excess portion of the insulating layer is etched away at one time, so as to form the structure in fig. 20, please refer to fig. 20, where fig. 20 is a side view of the structure of the first assembly board. Wherein the second conductive layer 102 and the fifth conductive layer 105 function as a shielding plate during the process of etching away the excess portion of the insulating layer, which can simplify the steps of the etching process.

referring to fig. 21, fig. 21 is a schematic top view of the structure of the first assembly board in fig. 20, in which a conducting portion 1091 and a leading portion 1092 of the conductive electrode 109 are formed simultaneously during the above steps, and a trace connection terminal 108 is also formed. For the detailed structure of the first assembly plate, refer to the related description of the foregoing embodiments.

step M132, a second assembly plate is prepared.

The method for preparing the second assembly board is similar to that for preparing the first assembly board, and the difference is that the second assembly board is not provided with a structure of a routing connecting end. Referring to fig. 22 and 7 together, fig. 22 is a side view of the second assembly plate.

Step M133, a glue frame is coated and formed on the first assembly plate.

Referring to fig. 23, fig. 23 is a schematic structural view after a glue frame is formed on the first assembly board by coating. The glue frame 400 functions to adhere and seal the sides.

and M134, aligning and bonding the second assembly plate and the rubber frame.

referring to fig. 5, a projection of the third conductive layer 103 on the first substrate overlaps with the first conductive layer 101; a projection of the fourth conductive layer 104 on the first substrate 100 overlaps the second conductive layer 102; a projection of the sixth conductive layer 106 on the first substrate 100 overlaps the fifth conductive layer 105. The rubber frame 400, the first assembly plate and the second assembly plate are arranged to form an accommodating space in a surrounding mode.

And M135, filling electrochromic materials in the accommodating space, and sealing the accommodating space.

the step is to vacuumize the accommodating space, and then fill the color-changing material (such as viologen, Viologens) into the accommodating space from the position of the reserved glue filling opening, thereby forming the color-changing material layer 300 as shown in fig. 5. And then sealing the glue filling port. In addition, the method for filling the electrochromic material may also adopt an odf (one dropfilling) process, and the detailed features of the structure are within the understanding of those skilled in the art and will not be described herein again. The glue frame 400 is used for insulating and isolating the color-changing material layer 300 from the conductive electrode 109, besides the function of adhering the first assembly plate and the second assembly plate and forming the accommodating space.

further, this step may be followed by a step of connecting the FPC to the lead-out portions 1092 of the trace connection terminals 108 and the first-assembly-board-side conductive electrodes 109, respectively. Optionally, a thinning process may be included in the preparation method. Since the substrate is generally made of a relatively thick material in consideration of strength during the assembly process, it is necessary to thin the substrate. It should be noted here that the thinning process may be performed after the color-changing material is filled, or may be performed before the color-changing material is filled. Among them, it is suggested that the substrates (including the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 100) may employ alkali-free glass of 0.4mm thickness in consideration of the strength of the substrates and the efficiency of the balance thinning. The thinning mode can be chemical thinning by adopting hydrofluoric acid. The single-layer substrate glass can be thinned to 0.3-0.35mm, which is equivalent to the thickness reduction of about 0.125mm of single glass. Optionally, after the thinning process, a step of polishing the microscopic defects of the surface thinning process may be further included.

As described above, in the process of manufacturing the electrochromic device, a large area and a plurality of electrochromic device units may be formed at a time, and then the electrochromic device units may be cut into individual electrochromic device units, or one electrochromic device may be manufactured at a time. In order to improve the efficiency, a plurality of electrochromic element units may be manufactured at one time.

when a plurality of electrochromic element units are manufactured at one time, a cutting step is generally required before the color-changing material is filled, and the electrochromic element structures are cut into independent units. The dice may be cut using a knife wheel or may be cut using a laser process. After cutting, simple edging treatment is needed, and after subsequent EC filling, the technological processes of grinding, chemical polishing and the like for removing glass cutting microcracks can be carried out.

In the method for manufacturing an electrochromic element according to the present embodiment, a plurality of conductive layers are stacked in a cake-like manner, that is, the conductive layers are stacked in the Z direction (thickness direction) and separated from each other by an insulating layer; the stacking mode of the conducting layers can ensure that no gap exists between the adjacent color changing areas, avoid the occurrence of black circles (or non-color changing areas) between the adjacent color changing areas, and have the characteristics of clear and accurate color changing boundary. In addition, because the technical scheme in the application has no black circle, under the condition of the same size of the aperture, the effective light entering area of the technical scheme in the application is larger, if the structural form in the conventional technology wants to achieve the same light entering amount as that in the technical scheme in the application, the aperture is inevitably required to be large, that is, the whole size of the electrochromic element is also required to be large, which is not beneficial to the miniaturization of the electrochromic element (even the whole structure of the electronic device), and the electrochromic element with the larger structural size also affects the aesthetic degree of the electronic device. Meanwhile, the electrochromic element has the characteristics of thin volume, high transmittance, small wiring space and the like. Compared with the prior art, the wiring of the electrochromic element structure in the embodiment is more reasonable, the required wiring space is small, and the reliability is higher. The structure of the electrochromic element can be used as a camera module aperture, and the purpose of changing the size of the camera module aperture can be realized by changing the size of the light-transmitting area; the device has the characteristics of small volume and accurate control of the aperture size; by arranging the functional device of the electronic equipment corresponding to the color-changing area of the electrochromic element, the functional device can be shielded and exposed.

The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent devices or equivalent processes performed by the present invention through the contents of the specification and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The electrochromic element is characterized by comprising a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, wherein a plurality of conducting layers are clamped between the first substrate and the second substrate, the conducting layers on the same substrate are partially stacked, so that a plurality of communicated color-changing areas are formed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and color-changing materials are filled in the color-changing areas.

2. the electrochromic element according to claim 1, wherein a rubber frame is sandwiched between two opposite surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate, the rubber frame is disposed along edges of the first substrate and the second substrate, and encloses with the first substrate and the second substrate to form an accommodation space, and the accommodation space is filled with the color-changing material.

3. The electrochromic device according to claim 1, wherein each of the conductive layers is connected to a corresponding one of the conductive electrodes; the adjacent conducting layers on the same substrate are separated by an insulating layer.

4. An electrochromic element is characterized by comprising a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, wherein a plurality of color-changing units which can be independently driven and controlled are clamped between the first substrate and the second substrate; each color changing unit comprises a plurality of conducting layers, and the conducting layers of each color changing unit, which are positioned on the same side of the substrate, are partially stacked, so that each color changing unit can form a plurality of communicated color changing areas between the first substrate and the second substrate, and color changing materials are filled in the color changing areas; wherein, the color-changing materials among the plurality of color-changing units are communicated with each other.

5. An electrochromic element, characterized by comprising:

A first substrate on which a first conductive layer is disposed;

6. An electrochromic element, characterized in that the electrochromic element is used for an iris diaphragm, comprising:

The first conducting layer, the second conducting layer, the third conducting layer and the color-changing material layer are clamped between the first substrate and the second substrate.

7. The electrochromic element according to claim 6, wherein a fourth conductive layer having a ring structure is provided on the third conductive layer, the third conductive layer and the fourth conductive layer are separated by a second insulating layer, and a projection of the fourth conductive layer on the first substrate overlaps with the second conductive layer.

8. The electrochromic element according to claim 7, wherein the second conductive layer is provided with a fifth conductive layer having a ring structure on a surface on a side facing away from the first conductive layer, the fifth conductive layer and the second conductive layer are separated by a third insulating layer, an axis of the through hole of the fifth conductive layer coincides with an axis of the through hole of the second conductive layer, and a diameter of the through hole of the fifth conductive layer is larger than a diameter of the through hole of the second conductive layer; a sixth conducting layer of an annular structure is arranged on the surface of the fourth conducting layer, which is away from one side of the third conducting layer, and the sixth conducting layer and the fourth conducting layer are separated by a fourth insulating layer; the projection of the sixth conductive layer on the first substrate overlaps with the fifth conductive layer.

9. the electrochromic device according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein each conductive layer is connected to a corresponding conductive electrode, and each conductive electrode comprises a conducting part and a leading part which are integrally formed, wherein the conducting part is connected to the conductive layer, and the leading part is used for being connected to an external control circuit.

10. The electrochromic element according to claim 9, wherein the conducting portion of the conductive electrode has a grid-like structure.

11. The electrochromic element according to claim 9, characterized in that the electrochromic element comprises an FPC; the FPC comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode, a FPC and a PCB, wherein the first substrate is provided with a wiring connecting end, the leading-out part of the conductive electrode on one side of the second substrate is electrically connected with the wiring connecting end on the first substrate in a conduction mode, and the FPC is respectively connected with the wiring connecting end and the leading-out part of the conductive electrode on one side of the first substrate.

12. the electrochromic element according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein a rubber frame is interposed between two opposite surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate, the rubber frame is disposed along edges of the first substrate and the second substrate and encloses with the first substrate and the second substrate to form an accommodation space, and the accommodation space is filled with a color-changing material to form the color-changing material layer.

13. A camera module, comprising a lens assembly, a photosensitive chip and the electrochromic element according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the photosensitive chip and the electrochromic element are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the lens assembly in a lighting direction.

14. The camera module is characterized by comprising optical elements and photosensitive chips which are arranged in the lighting direction; the optical element comprises a lens and the electrochromic element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 attached to the lens, wherein the lens and the through hole of the conductive layer of the electrochromic element are aligned along the optical axis of the lens.

15. The camera module is characterized by comprising optical elements and photosensitive chips which are arranged in the lighting direction; the optical element comprises a front lens, a rear lens, and the electrochromic element of any one of claims 1-12; the optical axis of the rear lens is aligned with the front lens; the electrochromic element is connected with at least one of the front lens and the rear lens, and the front lens and the rear lens are aligned with the conductive layer through hole of the electrochromic element along the optical axis of the rear lens.

16. The camera module of claim 15, wherein the electrochromic element is disposed between the front lens and the rear lens.

17. The camera module of claim 15, wherein at least one of the front lens and the rear lens comprises a plurality of lens layers.

18. The electronic equipment is characterized by comprising a shell assembly and a camera module arranged opposite to the shell assembly; the housing assembly includes: the housing and the electrochromic element of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the housing comprises a light-transmissive region, the electrochromic element is attached to the light-transmissive region of the housing, and the camera module can collect light signals through the electrochromic element and the light-transmissive region.

19. The electronic equipment is characterized by comprising a shell assembly and a camera module arranged opposite to the shell assembly; the housing assembly includes: a housing and an electrochromic element according to any one of claims 1 to 12; the casing is provided with a mounting hole and a lens covering the mounting hole, and the electrochromic element is attached to the protective lens; the camera module can collect light signals through the electrochromic element and the protective lens.

20. an electronic device, comprising a housing and the camera module of any one of claims 13-17 disposed opposite the housing; the casing includes the light transmission region, the camera module process the light transmission region of casing gathers light signal.

21. An electronic device, comprising a housing and the camera module of any one of claims 13-17 disposed opposite the housing; the shell is provided with a mounting hole, a lens is arranged on the mounting hole in a covering mode, and the camera module collects optical signals through the lens.

22. An electronic apparatus, characterized in that the electronic apparatus comprises a housing assembly and a functional device disposed opposite to the housing assembly; the housing assembly includes: the casing and the electrochromic element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the casing comprises a light-transmitting area, the electrochromic element is attached to the light-transmitting area of the casing, the functional device is arranged corresponding to at least one color-changing area of the electrochromic element, and can collect optical signals through the electrochromic element and the light-transmitting area; the electrochromic element may enable masking or exposure of the functional device.

23. The electronic device of claim 22, wherein the electronic device comprises a plurality of functional devices, each functional device being disposed corresponding to one color-changing region of the electrochromic element.

24. the electronic device of claim 22, wherein the functional device comprises at least one of a camera module, a flash, and a sensor.

25. An electronic apparatus, characterized in that the electronic apparatus comprises a housing assembly and a functional device disposed opposite to the housing assembly; the housing assembly includes: the electrochromic element of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the housing is provided with a mounting hole, the electrochromic element is covered on the mounting hole, the functional device is arranged corresponding to at least one color-changing area of the electrochromic element, and can collect optical signals through the electrochromic element and the light-transmitting area; the electrochromic element may enable masking or exposure of the functional device.

26. A method for producing an electrochromic element, characterized by comprising:

Coating the first assembly plate to form a rubber frame;

27. The method of manufacturing of claim 26, wherein the step of manufacturing the second assembly plate further comprises: forming a second insulating layer over the third conductive layer, and forming a fourth conductive layer over the second insulating layer; wherein a projection of the fourth conductive layer on the first substrate overlaps the second conductive layer.

28. The method of manufacturing of claim 27, wherein the step of manufacturing the first assembled board further comprises: forming a third insulating layer over the second conductive layer, and forming a fifth conductive layer over the third insulating layer; the step of preparing the second assembly plate further comprises: forming a fourth insulating layer over the fourth conductive layer, and forming a sixth conductive layer over the fourth insulating layer; wherein a projection of the sixth conductive layer on the first substrate overlaps the fifth conductive layer.

29. The method according to claim 26, wherein the step of preparing the first assembly board further includes forming a conductive electrode and a trace connection end on the first conductive layer, the conductive electrode includes a conduction portion and a lead-out portion of an integrated structure, and the first insulating layer covers at least the conduction portion; the step of preparing the second assembly plate further comprises the step of forming a conductive electrode on the third conductive layer, wherein the conductive electrode comprises a conductive part and a lead-out part which are of an integral structure, and the lead-out part on one side of the second assembly plate is connected with the routing connecting end on one side of the first assembly plate.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein the step of forming the conductive electrode comprises: the lead-out portion and the grid-like conduction portion are formed by microetching.

31. The method of manufacturing of claim 29, further comprising the steps of: and respectively connecting the FPC with the wiring connecting end and the leading-out part of the conductive electrode on one side of the first assembly plate.