CN211148422U - Aperture coding spectrum detection device based on compressed sensing - Google Patents
Aperture coding spectrum detection device based on compressed sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN211148422U CN211148422U CN201921667586.1U CN201921667586U CN211148422U CN 211148422 U CN211148422 U CN 211148422U CN 201921667586 U CN201921667586 U CN 201921667586U CN 211148422 U CN211148422 U CN 211148422U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an aperture coding spectral detection device based on compressed sensing solves current spectral detection technique, and chromatic dispersion type and interference type spectral detection technique all have the problem of certain not enough. The device comprises an imaging mirror, an optical filter array, a spatial light modulator, a unit detector and a data processing unit which are sequentially arranged along the direction of a light beam; the imaging mirror is used for imaging the target at a primary image surface position; the optical filter array is used for modulating the spectral information of the target, so that the wavelengths of the light rays at different positions of the aperture are different; the spatial light modulator is used for encoding the modulated spectrum information; the unit detector is used for receiving the coded image signal; the data processing unit is used for decoding the coded image signals received by the unit detector and restoring to obtain the spectral data of the target.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the spectrum detection technique, concretely relates to aperture coding spectrum detection device based on compressed sensing.
Background
The spectrum of a substance is considered as a 'fingerprint' of the substance, and for most substances, the spectral information has definite substance characteristics, so that the spectral detection is often used for substance component identification, component content detection and other aspects. For example, the infrared fourier interference spectroscopy is widely used for gas component detection and gas concentration detection, the raman spectroscopy is used for detecting components and contents of drugs and chemicals, and the spectroscopy is also widely used in the aspects of food safety, agriculture and forestry, atmosphere and water quality monitoring, and the like.
For the spectrum detection technology, the existing spectrometer mainly realizes detection through two modes of dispersion and interference, wherein the dispersion type spectrometer disperses a target spectrum to a linear array or an area array detector through a dispersion device such as a grating or a prism and the like, so that the spectral information of the target is directly obtained. The interference spectrometer carries out time-sharing sampling on signals under different optical path differences through the unit detector, and indirectly obtains spectral information of a target by carrying out Fourier transform on periodic sampling signals.
However, both dispersive and interferometric spectral detection techniques suffer from certain deficiencies. For a dispersion type spectrometer, firstly, a detector of the spectrometer is a linear array or an area array detector, the implementation is relatively easy in a visible light wave band, but in an infrared wave band, on one hand, the performance and the index of the spectrometer are limited due to the defects that the process development of the infrared linear array or the area array detector is immature, the specification of the detector is small, the price is high, the performance is poor and the like; on the other hand, the infrared spectrometer is required to realize the detection capability with high precision and high signal-to-noise ratio, and has strict requirements on the performance of the detector; secondly, the signal energy of a single spectrum section after the dispersion type spectrometer is subjected to light splitting is weaker, so that the response intensity of a detector to the signal is lower, the influence is more obvious in an infrared band, and the sensitivity and the signal-to-noise ratio of a dispersion type infrared spectrometer system are very low; for the interference type spectrometer, the spatial modulation type interference spectrometer needs an area array detector, the quality of the collected signal is influenced by the detector process, and the price is high; because the signal is interference fringe, the integrity of the signal needs to be ensured, high frame frequency sampling is needed, the spectral resolution and the optical path size of the system are positively correlated, and under the condition of large optical path difference, the acquired signal has a relatively long time period and large data volume, and certain difficulty is brought to data storage and real-time processing.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve current spectral detection technique, no matter be dispersion type and interference type spectral detection technique, all there is the technical problem who must not be enough, the utility model provides an aperture coding spectral detection technique and device based on compressed sensing.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a technical scheme is:
an aperture coding spectrum detection device based on compressed sensing is characterized in that: the device comprises a data processing unit, an imaging mirror, an optical filter array, a spatial light modulator and a unit detector which are sequentially arranged along the direction of a light beam; the imaging mirror is used for imaging the target at a primary image surface position; the optical filter array is used for modulating the spectral information of the target, so that the wavelengths of the light rays at different positions of the aperture are different; the spatial light modulator is used for encoding the modulated spectrum information; the unit detector is used for receiving the coded image signal; the data processing unit is used for decoding the coded image signals received by the unit detector and restoring to obtain the spectral data of the target.
Further, the data processing unit is configured to process the coded probe signal sequence with the sparsity K.
Further, the filter array is a linear gradient filter array or a narrowband filter array.
Further, the spatial light modulator is a digital micromirror array.
Further, the spatial light modulator is a liquid crystal spatial light modulator.
Further, the spatial light modulator is a mechanical template for mask etching.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
1. the spectrum detection device of the utility model only needs to add the light filter array and the spatial light modulator between the lens and the detector, so that the whole structure is simpler;
compared with linear array detectors and area array detectors, the unit detectors have better detection performance and detection speed, and the compression of a plurality of channels further improves the detection sensitivity and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system;
the unit detector has technical advantages and cost advantages in infrared bands, terahertz bands and other bands, and can realize high-resolution spectrum detection.
Compared with an area array detector, the unit detector has better response capability and dynamic range, and simultaneously has extremely high sampling speed, and the data quality and the data real-time output capability are improved.
2. The utility model discloses spectrum detecting device passes through the spectral information after spatial light modulator to the modulation and encodes, and signal sampling period and the sampling number of times that can significantly reduce single cycle data collection's size, have reduced data acquisition, transmission, storage to the requirement of hardware, reduce instrument cost.
3. The utility model discloses spectral detection device can directly realize the discernment and the classification to specific target through detecting device on the basis that prior knowledge and detection code combined together.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a light path diagram of the aperture coding spectrum detection device based on compressed sensing of the present invention;
wherein the reference numbers are as follows:
1-object plane, 2-imaging mirror, 3-filter array, 4-spatial light modulator, and 5-unit detector.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
Compressed Sensing (CS), also known as Compressive sampling, is a brand new mathematical theory, and by fully mining the redundancy of signals, a linear, non-adaptive global observation is performed on the original signals to obtain a small number of observed signals, and then the original signals are accurately reconstructed by a reconstruction algorithm. The compressive sensing technology is an emerging information acquisition and processing theory, and the theory can realize high-precision restoration of data by using a priori knowledge of sparsity of signals and extremely few samples. Research on compressed sensing is derived from a plurality of fields such as approximation theory, convex optimization, random matrix theory, signal processing and the like, and is currently applied to radar and microscope. Reducing the sampling rate and increasing the resolution in these applications improves the user experience. Data transmission is increased, imaging quality is improved, and exposure time is shortened.
The utility model discloses a combine together compression perception technique and light filter beam split technique, carry out space encoding and spectrum modulation through the aperture to traditional camera for the signal realizes compression sampling. Compared with a scheme of direct dispersion and interference, the method can be realized by the unit detector 5, the compression of multi-channel data is realized by aperture coding, and the signal sampling is greatly reduced by the scheme design of compressed sensing. The utility model discloses a place the light filter array in the light path, realize the spectral modulation, place the coding template simultaneously in the light path, realize compressing the perception formation of image to the code of different spectral bands, then compress the square after the code and realize compressing, restore the algorithm through the compression perception, can realize the restoration to target spectral information through a small amount of sampling data.
As shown in fig. 1, an aperture coding spectrum detection device based on compressed sensing includes an imaging mirror 2, an optical filter array 3, a spatial light modulator 4, a unit detector 5, and a data processing unit for processing information collected by the unit detector, which are sequentially arranged along a light beam direction; firstly, spectral modulation is carried out on an aperture light field of a target through a light filter array 3, secondly, coding modulation is carried out on different channels after spectral modulation through a spatial light modulator 4, the design of a coding template meets sparse sampling, and then modulated light field information is compressed to a unit detector 5, so that the aperture coding spectral detection technology based on the compressed sensing principle is realized.
The detection target of the detection device of the embodiment is a point source target, the field of view of the system is small, and the object-image relationship is shown in fig. 1, wherein the left side of an imaging mirror 2 represents an object plane 1;
the imaging lens 2 is composed of one or more groups of lenses and is used for imaging a target at a primary image surface position, and the aperture diaphragm of the imaging lens is superposed with the position of the optical filter array 3 to realize the convergence effect on the optical information of an object surface;
the optical filter array 3 is used for modulating the spectral information of the target, so that the wavelengths of light rays passing through different positions of the aperture are different, and the optical filter array 3 is a linear gradient optical filter array or a narrow-band optical filter array;
the spatial light modulator 4 is used for coding the modulated spectral information, a coding template of the spatial light modulator 4 can be designed according to sparse coding, and meanwhile, the spatial light modulator 4 can be designed by combining the prior spectral characteristic information of a target so as to increase the signal acquisition and recovery capacity, and is a digital micromirror array or a liquid crystal spatial light modulator or a mechanical template for mask etching;
the unit detector 5 is used for receiving the coded image signals and realizing the reception of the acquired signals, and compared with an area array detector, the unit detector 5 has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high dynamic range, high response rate, low price and the like and is suitable for visible and near-infrared wave bands, thermal infrared and terahertz wave bands and the like;
the data processing unit is used for decoding the coded image signals received by the unit detector, restoring to obtain target spectral data, and preferably collecting and processing a detection signal sequence with the sparsity K after coding, namely restoring the signals.
The spectrum detection device of the embodiment has a simple and compact structure, and can realize miniaturization and light weight. Compared with the traditional dispersion type spectrometer and the Fourier interference type spectrometer, the optical filter array 3 and the spatial light modulator 4 are only needed to be added between the lens and the detector, so that the system is very simple in structure and easy to design and develop.
Compared with a dispersive spectrometer, the spectrum detection device can realize high-sensitivity and high-signal-to-noise ratio detection. First, the unit detector 5 has better detection performance and detection speed than linear array and area array detectors. Secondly, the compressed imaging of multiple channels further improves the detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the system.
Compared with a Fourier interference spectrometer, the spectrum detection device has the advantages that by adopting the technical scheme of compressed sensing, the signal sampling period and the sampling times can be greatly reduced, the size of single-period data collection is reduced, the requirements of data collection, transmission and storage on hardware are reduced, the instrument cost is reduced, the difficulty and the complexity of data online processing are improved, and the real-time spectrum data processing capability of a system is improved.
Compared with a dispersion type spectrometer, the spectrum detection device has technical advantages and cost advantages in infrared bands, terahertz bands and other bands, and because the existing infrared band area array and linear array detector are relatively immature in technology, the detector is small in specification and expensive in price, and performance difference is large compared with that of a unit detector 5; the spectral detection device of the present embodiment can realize high-resolution spectral detection using only the unit detector 5.
The spectrum detection device of the embodiment has the advantages that the data volume needing to be collected is greatly reduced through the compressed sensing technology, compared with the Fourier spectrum technology, the reconstruction process is more efficient, the real-time online processing of data can be realized, and the application of high-timeliness spectrum detection can be met. And the scheme can further realize accurate detection and identification of the target on the premise of having prior knowledge.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any known modifications made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the main technical idea of the present invention belong to the technical scope to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An aperture coding spectrum detection device based on compressed sensing is characterized in that: the device comprises a data processing unit, an imaging mirror (2), an optical filter array (3), a spatial light modulator (4) and a unit detector (5), wherein the imaging mirror, the optical filter array, the spatial light modulator and the unit detector are sequentially arranged along the direction of a light beam;
the imaging mirror (2) is used for imaging a target at a primary image surface position;
the optical filter array (3) is used for modulating the spectral information of the target, so that the wavelengths of the light rays at different positions of the aperture are different;
the spatial light modulator (4) is used for encoding the modulated spectrum information;
the unit detector (5) is used for receiving the coded image signal;
the data processing unit is used for decoding the coded image signals received by the unit detector (5) and restoring to obtain the spectral data of the target.
2. The compressed sensing-based aperture coded spectrum detection device according to claim 1, wherein: and the data processing unit is used for processing the coded detection signal sequence with the sparsity of K.
3. The compressed sensing-based aperture coded spectrum detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the filter array (3) is a linear gradient filter array or a narrow-band filter array.
4. The compressed sensing-based aperture coded spectrum detection device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the spatial light modulator (4) is a digital micromirror array.
5. The compressed sensing-based aperture coded spectrum detection device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the spatial light modulator (4) is a liquid crystal spatial light modulator.
6. The compressed sensing-based aperture coded spectrum detection device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the spatial light modulator (4) is a mechanical template for mask etching.
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