CN211104585U - A kind of molding equipment for cement-based imitation stone type curb stone - Google Patents
A kind of molding equipment for cement-based imitation stone type curb stone Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及人造石技术领域,具体涉及一种水泥基仿石材型路沿石的成型设备。The utility model relates to the technical field of artificial stones, in particular to a cement-based imitation stone-type curbstone molding equipment.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国城市化进程的发展日新月异和人民生活水平的不断提高,市政基础设施建设如火如荼,道路建设作为城市交通的生命线,也进入了大规模的实施过程中。而路沿石是道路附属设施中的重要组成部分。路沿石是指条块状物体用在路面边缘的界石,是在路面上区分车行道、人行道、绿地、隔离带和道路其它部分的界线,起到保障行人、车辆交通安全和保证路面边缘整齐的作用,同时还可以起到道路美化和对路面的保护作用,在园林绿化、道路施工、旧城改造等各种基础设施建设中用量巨大,应用范围十分广泛。With the rapid development of my country's urbanization process and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the construction of municipal infrastructure is in full swing, and road construction, as the lifeline of urban traffic, has also entered a large-scale implementation process. The curbstone is an important part of the road auxiliary facilities. The curbstone refers to the boundary stone used by the block-shaped object on the edge of the road. It is the boundary between the roadway, sidewalk, green space, isolation belt and other parts of the road on the road, which can ensure the traffic safety of pedestrians and vehicles and ensure the edge of the road. It has a neat role, and can also play a role in road beautification and protection of the road surface.
目前国内使用的路沿石从材质上主要分为花岗岩石材和混凝土两类,花岗岩石材为不可再生资源,且价格较贵,成本高,目前,国内对路沿石研究的主要方向已从传统石材到混凝土材料发生了转变,研发仿石路沿石混凝土及制备工艺,既能实现更经济、更环保和更易加工的生产方式,又体现了保护自然资源和可持续发展的社会责任。但混凝土旧法压制虽然已得到了大规模的应用,在生产工艺上任然还有很多需要改进的地方。根据路沿石的应用场景,需要路沿石具备两个特点:①美观,外观平整、整洁,提高道路美化效果;②强度高,结实耐用,日晒雨淋不分解,受外力作用不易破碎,使用寿命长。At present, the curb stones used in China are mainly divided into granite stone and concrete in terms of materials. Granite stone is a non-renewable resource, and the price is relatively expensive and the cost is high. Since the concrete material has changed, the research and development of imitation stone roadside concrete and its preparation process can not only realize a more economical, more environmentally friendly and easier-to-process production method, but also reflect the social responsibility of protecting natural resources and sustainable development. However, although the old method of concrete pressing has been applied on a large scale, there are still many areas for improvement in the production process. According to the application scenarios of curbstones, curbstones are required to have two characteristics: ①beautiful, smooth and tidy appearance, improving road beautification effect; ②high strength, strong and durable, not decomposed under the sun and rain, not easily broken by external force, long lasting.
混凝土路沿石主要采用模具压制成型,传统的模具压制生产工艺为:1)将混凝土混料倒入模具中,经24小时水泥凝固(秋冬季需48小时),2)脱模成型,3)脱模后的路沿石经自然时效3-5天,完全干燥,方可使用。现有的制备工艺有几大问题成为制约路沿石快速成型的桎梏:一、在混凝土进入模具成型时,为保证其一定的流动性以充满整个型腔,需要加入大量的水来稀释,凝固时虽然采用大压力挤压方式排水排气,以使路沿石压密压实,但很难脱水干净,水分的残留会使路沿石内部充满空隙,降低强度和性能,使用寿命短;二、脱模时间长,水泥在注入模具后需静置1-2天方能脱模,再经自然时效又要3-5天,一块路沿石从生产到使用需要4到7天的时间,成型效率极低,生产用量受到极大的限制;三、路沿石成型需风干后才能脱模,每次成型时水泥注入模具后需连模具一起拆下,储存于常温干燥库中,一块路沿石的生产就要对应一副模具,大产量生产的话需要配套多副模具,模具投入的成本很高。所以,现有的路沿石的制备工艺存在质量差、成本高、效率低的三大问题亟需解决。Concrete curbstones are mainly formed by mould pressing. The traditional mould pressing production process is: 1) Pour the concrete mixture into the mould, after 24 hours of cement setting (48 hours in autumn and winter), 2) demoulding, 3) After demoulding, the curb will be naturally aged for 3-5 days and completely dry before it can be used. There are several major problems in the existing preparation process that restrict the rapid prototyping of curbstones: 1. When the concrete enters the mold, in order to ensure a certain fluidity to fill the entire cavity, a large amount of water needs to be added to dilute and solidify. Although the high pressure extrusion method is used to drain and exhaust to make the curbstone compact and compact, it is difficult to dehydrate and clean, and the residual water will fill the interior of the curbstone with voids, reducing strength and performance, and short service life; two , The demoulding time is long. After the cement is injected into the mold, it needs to stand for 1-2 days before it can be demoulded. After natural aging, it will take 3-5 days. It takes 4 to 7 days for a roadside stone to be produced and used. The efficiency is extremely low, and the amount of production is greatly limited; 3. The curbstone molding needs to be air-dried before it can be demolded. When the cement is injected into the mold, it needs to be removed together with the mold, and stored in a dry warehouse at room temperature. The production of stone must correspond to a pair of molds, and for large-scale production, multiple pairs of molds need to be matched, and the cost of mold investment is very high. Therefore, there are three major problems of poor quality, high cost and low efficiency in the existing preparation process of curbstones that need to be solved urgently.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是针对上述缺陷,提供一种水泥基仿石材型路沿石的成型设备,制造效率高,路沿石强度高,生产高效,降低生产成本。The technical problem to be solved by the present utility model is aimed at the above-mentioned defects, and provides a cement-based imitation stone type curbstone molding equipment, which has high manufacturing efficiency, high curbstone strength, high production efficiency and reduced production cost.
本实用新型解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案如下:The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is as follows:
一种水泥基仿石材型路沿石的成型设备,包括模架、上模、下模,上模包括凸模、固定凸模的凸模板,下模包括凹模、固定凹模的凹模板、支撑凹模板的底板,所述的凸模板上侧设有一连接固定凸模板的中板,中板与模架活动配合,模架上设有驱动中板升降带动凸模上下运行的液压缸,所述的模架的侧边设有连接底板将下模向模架侧边整体拉出便于凹模填料的横移机构,底板上于凹模底部处设有利用负压对凹模的型腔进行抽水的吸水板,吸水板上对应凹模的型腔处设有与型腔结构吻合度的负压排水槽,负压排水槽与吸水板上设置的排水孔道连通,排水孔道连通抽真空设备,底板上设有控制凹模板上下升降使初凝后的路沿石顺利脱模的脱模升降机构,底板上还设有对凹模板上下运动进行导向及限位的导向限位机构,模架的另一侧边设有将脱模后的路沿石向外侧输出的出料机构,出料机构包括在凹模升起时由外侧移动至凹模底侧托接脱模初凝路沿石的移动托盘,驱动移动托盘做横向往复运动的往复机构。A cement-based imitation stone-type curbstone molding equipment comprises a mold base, an upper mold and a lower mold, the upper mold includes a punch, a punch plate for fixing the punch, and the lower mould includes a concave, a concave plate for fixing the concave, The bottom plate that supports the concave formwork, the upper side of the convex formwork is provided with a middle plate that connects and fixes the convex formwork, the middle plate is movably cooperated with the mold base, and the mold base is provided with a hydraulic cylinder that drives the middle plate to lift and drive the punch to run up and down. The side of the mold base is provided with a connecting bottom plate to pull out the lower mold to the side of the mold base as a whole, which is convenient for the filling of the concave mold. The suction plate for pumping water is provided with a negative pressure drainage groove corresponding to the cavity of the cavity structure on the suction plate, and the negative pressure drainage groove is connected with the drainage channel set on the suction plate, and the drainage channel is connected with the vacuum pumping equipment. The bottom plate is provided with a demoulding lifting mechanism that controls the up and down movement of the concave formwork so that the curb stone after initial setting can be smoothly demoulded. The other side is provided with a discharging mechanism for outputting the demolded curbstone to the outside. A reciprocating mechanism that moves the pallet and drives the moving pallet to do lateral reciprocating motion.
进一步的,所述的脱模升降机构为竖向设置在底板上的脱模升降气缸,脱模升降气缸向上的输出端与凹模板连接。Further, the demoulding lifting mechanism is a demoulding lifting cylinder vertically arranged on the bottom plate, and the upward output end of the demoulding lifting cylinder is connected to the concave template.
进一步的,所述的横移机构包括拉动底板水平横向往复运动的横向驱动装置、设置在底板底部便于底板滑动的横向滑轨。Further, the traverse mechanism includes a lateral drive device for pulling the bottom plate to reciprocate horizontally horizontally, and a lateral slide rail arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate to facilitate the sliding of the bottom plate.
进一步的,所述的吸水板上端设有避免型腔内混合湿料流出的过滤网,所述的排水孔道通过管道连接一储水罐,所述的抽真空设备与储水罐连通。Further, the upper end of the water absorbing plate is provided with a filter screen to prevent the mixed wet material in the cavity from flowing out, the drainage hole is connected to a water storage tank through a pipeline, and the vacuuming device is communicated with the water storage tank.
进一步的,所述的限位导向机构包括设置在底板上的导向架、导向架上的与导向架滑动配合的导杆,导杆的顶端与凹模板连接,导杆的底端设有限位板,导向杆随凹模板同步升降,限位板与导向架底端接触实现对凹模板的限位。Further, the limit guide mechanism includes a guide frame arranged on the bottom plate, a guide rod on the guide frame that is slidingly matched with the guide frame, the top end of the guide rod is connected with the concave template, and the bottom end of the guide rod is provided with a limit plate. , the guide rod rises and falls synchronously with the concave formwork, and the limit plate contacts the bottom end of the guide frame to limit the concave formwork.
进一步的,模架侧边设有一出料架,出料架上设有一与出料架滑动配合的平移杆,所述的移动托盘固定在平移杆上,所述的往复机构设置在出料架上于平移杆后侧处,往复机构的输出端与平移杆后端连接。Further, a discharge frame is arranged on the side of the mold frame, and a translation rod slidingly matched with the discharge frame is arranged on the discharge frame. The moving tray is fixed on the translation rod, and the reciprocating mechanism is arranged on the discharge frame. On the rear side of the translation rod, the output end of the reciprocating mechanism is connected with the rear end of the translation rod.
进一步的,模架侧边还设有连接控制液压缸、横移机构、抽真空设备、脱模升降机构自动运行的控制装置。Further, the side of the mold frame is also provided with a control device that is connected to control the automatic operation of the hydraulic cylinder, the traverse mechanism, the vacuuming equipment, and the demoulding lifting mechanism.
本实用新型的有益效果是:采用上述方案,The beneficial effects of the utility model are: adopting the above scheme,
1)正向施压、抽真空负压双重作用,水分去除速度快、去除率高,路沿石密实度、强度、外观等性能得到显著提高;1) The dual functions of positive pressure and vacuum negative pressure, the water removal speed is fast, the removal rate is high, and the performance of roadside stone density, strength, appearance and other properties are significantly improved;
2)生产效率高,从施压到脱模时间在5min内,路沿石成型后直接脱模移走即可进行下次成型,无需更换模具,省却了旧法每次成型时的模具拆装过程,生产效率极大提高;2) High production efficiency, the time from pressing to demoulding is within 5 minutes, and the roadside stone can be directly demolded and removed after molding, and the next molding can be performed without changing the mold, which saves the mold disassembly and assembly process for each molding in the old method , the production efficiency is greatly improved;
3)一台压机设备对应一副模具,有效保证了同模生产保证同批次路沿石质量和尺寸的一致性,同时省却了配套多副模具的成本支出;3) One press equipment corresponds to one pair of molds, which effectively guarantees the same mold production to ensure the consistency of the quality and size of the same batch of curbstones, and at the same time saves the cost of supporting multiple molds;
4)全新的配方与工艺,原材料成本降低、设备投入降低,极大的降低了生产成本,提高经济效益。4) The new formula and process reduce the cost of raw materials and equipment investment, which greatly reduces the production cost and improves the economic benefits.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过下面结合附图的详细描述,本实用新型前述的和其他的目的、特征和优点将变得显而易见。The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图1为本实用新型成型设备的一种实施方式的前视图。FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the molding apparatus of the present invention.
图2为本实用新型成型设备的一种实施方式中下模处的前视图。FIG. 2 is a front view of a lower mold in an embodiment of the molding apparatus of the present invention.
图3为本实用新型中成型设备侧边加料装置的侧视图。Fig. 3 is a side view of the side feeding device of the molding equipment in the utility model.
其中:1为凸模,2为凸模板,21为中板,3为凹模,31为凹模升降气缸,4为凹模板,5为底板,6为吸水板,61为负压排水槽61,62为排水孔道,7为储水罐,8为真空泵,9为横移气缸,91为横移滑轨,10为移动托盘,101为出料架,102为平移杆,103为往复气缸,11为凹模限位气缸,111为限位板,12为导向架,121为导杆,122为限位板,13为料仓,131为支架,132为横板,133为料斗。Among them: 1 is the punch, 2 is the convex plate, 21 is the middle plate, 3 is the concave die, 31 is the concave die lifting cylinder, 4 is the concave plate, 5 is the bottom plate, 6 is the suction plate, 61 is the negative pressure drainage groove 61 , 62 is the drainage channel, 7 is the water storage tank, 8 is the vacuum pump, 9 is the traverse cylinder, 91 is the traverse slide rail, 10 is the moving tray, 101 is the discharge rack, 102 is the translation rod, 103 is the reciprocating cylinder, 11 is the limit cylinder of the die, 111 is the limit plate, 12 is the guide frame, 121 is the guide rod, 122 is the limit plate, 13 is the silo, 131 is the bracket, 132 is the horizontal plate, and 133 is the hopper.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型做进一步说明。The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
制备实施例1:Preparation Example 1:
一种水泥基仿石材型路沿石,包括如下重量百分比的成份:15%的po42.5水泥、27.5%的细黄沙、50%的石膏、7.5%的水,其中细黄沙的平均粒径为0.25mm-0.35mm、细度模数为2.2—1.6,石膏的0.1-10mm。A cement-based imitation stone type curb, comprising the following components by weight: 15% po42.5 cement, 27.5% fine yellow sand, 50% gypsum, 7.5% water, wherein the average particle size of fine yellow sand The diameter is 0.25mm-0.35mm, the fineness modulus is 2.2-1.6, and the gypsum is 0.1-10mm.
一种水泥基仿石材型路沿石的制备方法,包括以下步骤:A preparation method of cement-based imitation stone type curb, comprising the following steps:
a)将重量百分数为15%的po42.5水泥、27.5%的细黄沙、50%的石膏、7.5%的水充分混合得到混凝土混合湿料,其中黄沙采用平均粒径为0.25mm-0.35mm、细度模数为2.2—1.6的细黄沙,石膏的粒径为0.1-10mm;a) Fully mix 15% po42.5 cement, 27.5% fine yellow sand, 50% gypsum and 7.5% water by weight to obtain wet concrete mix, wherein the average particle size of yellow sand is 0.25mm-0.35 mm, the fineness modulus of fine yellow sand is 2.2-1.6, the particle size of gypsum is 0.1-10mm;
b)将混凝土混合湿料定量的置入成型设备的模腔中,成型设备合模,控制合模压力为100MPa,合模的同时,从型腔的底部对型腔进行抽真空,抽真空度值保持为1.0 MPa,在常温条件下,合模保压、抽真空的时间为2-3min,合模压制、型腔抽真空负压排水排气,在短时间内快速的将混凝土混合湿料中90%以上的水分排出,排水排气速度得到了极大的提高,极大提高了混合湿料凝结速度,混凝土混合湿料在型腔中快速的初凝成型为固态,得到路沿石半成品;b) Put the concrete mixed wet material quantitatively into the mold cavity of the molding equipment, close the mold of the molding equipment, control the mold clamping pressure to 100MPa, and at the same time, vacuum the cavity from the bottom of the cavity, and the vacuum degree The value is kept at 1.0 MPa. Under normal temperature conditions, the time of mold clamping and pressure keeping and vacuuming is 2-3min, mold clamping and pressing, cavity vacuuming and negative pressure drainage and exhausting, and the concrete is quickly mixed with wet material in a short time. More than 90% of the water in the medium is discharged, the drainage and exhaust speed has been greatly improved, and the condensation speed of the mixed wet material has been greatly improved. The concrete mixed wet material is quickly set in the cavity and formed into a solid state, and the semi-finished roadside stone is obtained. ;
c)成型设备开模,路沿石半成品由凹模型腔中脱模,将脱模的路沿石半成品从模具中移出,脱模后的路沿石半成品即可达到码垛搬运强度,该强度的路沿石可承受不低于初凝成型路沿石半成品自身的重量的压力值,在该压力值作用下,初凝成型的路沿石半成品不会破损,再将移出的路沿石半成品转移到码垛区码垛堆放,移出码垛的过程中,路沿石不会破损、干裂,再经干燥放置后得到水泥基仿石材型路沿石成品,即可使用,开模、脱模、移出的速度快,从混凝土混合湿料的合模压制到脱模移出,能够在5min时间内完成,极大的提高了生产效率。c) The molding equipment opens the mold, the semi-finished roadside stone is demolded from the concave mold cavity, and the demolded semi-finished roadside stone is removed from the mold. The semi-finished curb stone can withstand a pressure value not lower than the weight of the semi-finished curb stone itself. Transfer to the palletizing area for stacking and stacking. During the process of removing the pallet, the curbstone will not be damaged or cracked. After being dried and placed, the finished cement-based imitation stone curb stone can be used, and the mold is opened and demolded. , The removal speed is fast, from the closing and pressing of the concrete mixed wet material to the demoulding and removal, it can be completed within 5 minutes, which greatly improves the production efficiency.
本路沿石采用全新的配方、工艺,降低了水泥的比重,既可节省水泥的用量,又可避免出现因水泥过多而导致的混凝土干缩较大易开裂的问题,不使用传统配料中的石粒,不使用固化剂、偶联剂、促进剂等助剂,通过加入大比量的石膏起到缓凝作用,减缓水泥的凝结速度,确保混凝土混合湿料的充模,配料中均为细小颗粒物,没有大颗粒物,极大的提高了路沿石表面的平整度,石膏的加入,进一步提高路沿石的表面光洁度,路沿石表面质量高,并且,小颗粒物料在合适的压力值的合模压制、抽真空负压的双重作用下,排水排气快速,路沿石内部凝结密实度极大的提高,内部不存在空隙,获得强度更好、质量更好的路沿石,以细沙取代传统配料中的中沙,可提高路沿石的致密性和表面光洁度,并且,极大的降低了用水量,大幅度降低生产成本,使路沿石的质量得到大幅提升。本路沿石的外观光洁平整,美观度高,可达到天然石材表面效果,大批量生产效率高,可取代天然花岗岩以保护自然环境,强度可达到C50(即50MPa),强度高,密度达到2300kg/m3,密度相比现有的路沿石提高了9.5%,强度提高66.7%,既能满足在使用中的强度需求,受外力不易破损,使用寿命极大的延长,表面质量高,符合路面边缘整齐的、提高路面美观度的需要,极大的提高了路沿石的使用性能。The roadside stone adopts a new formula and technology, which reduces the proportion of cement, which can not only save the amount of cement, but also avoid the problem of large drying shrinkage and easy cracking of concrete caused by too much cement. It does not use additives such as curing agent, coupling agent, accelerator, etc., by adding a large amount of gypsum to retard setting, slow down the setting speed of cement, and ensure the filling of concrete mixed wet material. For fine particles, there is no large particles, which greatly improves the smoothness of the roadside stone surface. The addition of gypsum further improves the surface finish of the roadside stone. The surface quality of the roadside stone is high, and the small particle material is under suitable pressure. Under the dual action of high-value mold clamping, vacuuming and negative pressure, drainage and exhaust are fast, the condensation density inside the curbstone is greatly improved, and there are no internal voids, so that the curbstone with better strength and better quality is obtained. Replacing the medium sand in the traditional ingredients with fine sand can improve the compactness and surface finish of the curbstone, and greatly reduce the water consumption, greatly reduce the production cost, and greatly improve the quality of the curbstone. The appearance of the stone along the road is smooth and smooth, with high aesthetics. It can achieve the surface effect of natural stone. It has high mass production efficiency and can replace natural granite to protect the natural environment. The strength can reach C50 (ie 50MPa), and the strength can reach 2300kg /m 3 , the density is increased by 9.5% and the strength is increased by 66.7% compared with the existing roadside stones, which can not only meet the strength requirements in use, not easily damaged by external force, greatly prolong the service life, and have high surface quality, which meets the The need for neat pavement edges and improvement of pavement aesthetics greatly improves the usability of curb stones.
相比现有的生产方法,路沿石成型时间极大的被缩短,生产效率被显著提高,通过合模的100MPa压力值,以及1.0MPa的抽真空值,双重作用下,结合路沿石新配方,首先,在2-3min极短的时间内可以快速的排出混凝土混合湿料中90%以上的水以及混合湿料中的气体,排水、排气的效率极高,极大的提高了混凝土混合湿料凝结成固态的速度,其次,正向的强压、底部负压的双重作用,结合不采用石粒、加入石膏、采用细沙,湿料在初凝时被充分的压凝、压实,成型后内部无缝隙,显著提高了路沿石的密实度,继而显著的提高结构强度,100 MPa -160 MPa的型腔内合模压力值配合0.8 MPa -1.0MPa的抽真空度值,实现混凝土混合湿料快速有效凝结,既满足在极短时间内路沿石初凝成型、具有极高的密实度、强度,又避免压力值、抽真空值过大造成的路沿石被过渡的压缩,失水过多,避免初凝失败、出现破裂,无法脱模或者难以成行,有效的保证了初凝后的路沿石达到脱模强度,第三,成型的路沿石的表面平整度、光洁度好,外观质量高,成型速度快,极大的提高了生产效率,由于双重作用,密实度高、失水率高,脱模后的路沿石半成品即可达到码垛搬运强度,该强度的路沿石可承受不低于初凝成型路沿石半成品自身的重量的压力值,在该压力值作用下,初凝成型的路沿石半成品不会破损、干裂,便于后续的码垛堆放操作,从此处即可显示出本制备工艺制备的路沿石的性能出众,旧法配方用水量较多,需要加入减水剂使水泥颗粒分散,改善和易性,从而提高水泥基材料的致密性和硬度,而本制备方法采用细黄沙,不使用助剂、不使用石粒、减小了水泥比重,从而极大的降低了用水量,用细黄沙可提高路沿石的致密性和表面光洁度,而旧法只能用中沙,因为旧法用细沙的话需水量更大,将会导致混凝土强度降低,而要保证同强度的话又会增大水泥用量导致成本提高,水泥含量较旧法极大的减少,既节省水泥用量,又避免混凝土干缩较大易开裂的问题,极大的降低了路沿石的生产成本,同时获得质量更高的路沿石,在短短的5min时间内路沿石即可压制成型、脱模、移出码垛,生产高效,还极大的降低了成型设备的动力能源消耗,进一步的降低了生产成本,另外,模具可重复使用、路沿石脱模后即可进行再一次的装料压制生产,模具重复利用,模具上的投入低、产出高,极大的降低生产成本。Compared with the existing production methods, the molding time of the curbstone is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is significantly improved. Through the pressure value of 100MPa for clamping the mold and the vacuum value of 1.0MPa, under the double action, combined with the new curbstone The formula, first of all, can quickly discharge more than 90% of the water in the concrete mixed wet material and the gas in the mixed wet material in a very short time of 2-3 minutes, the efficiency of drainage and exhaust is extremely high, and the concrete is greatly improved. The speed at which the mixed wet material condenses into a solid state, and secondly, the dual effects of positive strong pressure and bottom negative pressure, combined with no stone particles, gypsum, and fine sand, the wet material is fully compacted and compacted during initial setting. , after molding, there is no gap inside, which significantly improves the compactness of the roadside stone, and then significantly improves the structural strength. The concrete mixed wet material sets quickly and effectively, which not only meets the initial setting of the curb stone in a very short time, has extremely high density and strength, but also avoids the transitional compression of the curb stone caused by excessive pressure and vacuum values. , too much water loss, to avoid initial setting failure, rupture, inability to demould or difficult to run, effectively ensuring that the curb stone after initial setting reaches the demoulding strength. Third, the surface flatness of the formed curb stone, Good finish, high appearance quality, fast forming speed, greatly improved production efficiency, due to dual functions, high density and high water loss rate, the semi-finished roadside stone after demoulding can reach the palletizing and handling strength. The kerbstone can withstand a pressure value not lower than the weight of the semi-finished road kerbstone itself. Under the action of this pressure value, the semi-finished kerbstone formed by the initial setting will not be damaged or cracked, which is convenient for subsequent stacking. Operation, from here, it can be shown that the performance of the roadside stone prepared by this preparation process is outstanding, the old method formula requires more water, and it is necessary to add a water reducing agent to disperse the cement particles, improve the workability, and thereby improve the compactness of the cement-based material. The preparation method uses fine yellow sand, does not use additives, does not use stone particles, reduces the specific gravity of cement, thus greatly reduces the water consumption, and the use of fine yellow sand can improve the compactness and hardness of the roadside stone. Surface finish, while the old method can only use medium sand, because the old method uses fine sand and requires more water, which will reduce the strength of the concrete, and if the same strength is required, it will increase the amount of cement and increase the cost, and the cement content is higher than the old method. The large reduction not only saves the amount of cement, but also avoids the problem of large drying shrinkage and easy cracking of concrete, which greatly reduces the production cost of curbstones, and at the same time obtains higher quality curbstones in just 5 minutes. The curbstone can be pressed into shape, demolded, and removed from the stack. The production is efficient, and the power and energy consumption of the molding equipment is greatly reduced, which further reduces the production cost. In addition, the mold can be reused, and the curbstone can be demolded. After that, it can be produced by charging and pressing again, and the mold can be reused. The input on the mold is low, the output is high, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
制备实施例2:Preparation Example 2:
一种水泥基仿石材型路沿石,包括如下重量百分比的成份:16%的水泥、28%的平均粒径为0.25mm-0.35mm、细度模数为2.2—1.6的细黄沙、50%的石膏、6%的水。A cement-based imitation stone type curb, comprising the following components by weight: 16% of cement, 28% of fine yellow sand with an average particle size of 0.25mm-0.35mm, a fineness modulus of 2.2-1.6, 50% % gypsum, 6% water.
一种水泥基仿石材型路沿石的制备方法,包括以下步骤:A preparation method of cement-based imitation stone type curb, comprising the following steps:
a)将重量百分数为16%的po42.5水泥、28%的细黄沙、50%的石膏、6%的水充分混合得到混凝土混合湿料,其中黄沙采用平均粒径为0.25mm-0.35mm、细度模数为2.2—1.6的细黄沙,石膏的粒径为0.1-10mm;a) Fully mix 16% po42.5 cement, 28% fine yellow sand, 50% gypsum and 6% water by weight to obtain wet concrete mix, wherein the average particle size of yellow sand is 0.25mm-0.35 mm, the fineness modulus of fine yellow sand is 2.2-1.6, the particle size of gypsum is 0.1-10mm;
b)将混凝土混合湿料定量的置入成型设备的模腔中,成型设备合模,控制合模压力为160MPa,合模的同时,从型腔的底部对型腔进行抽真空,抽真空度值保持为0.8 MPa,在常温条件下(环境温度20℃左右),合模保压、抽真空的时间2min,快速的将混凝土混合湿料中90%以上的水分排出,混凝土混合湿料在型腔中受压快速失水初凝成型为固态,得到路沿石半成品;b) Put the concrete mixed wet material into the mold cavity of the molding equipment quantitatively, and the molding equipment closes the mold. The value is kept at 0.8 MPa. Under normal temperature conditions (ambient temperature is about 20 ℃), the time of mold clamping and pressure keeping and vacuuming is 2 minutes, and more than 90% of the water in the wet concrete mix is quickly discharged, and the wet concrete mix is in the mold. Under pressure in the cavity, it loses water quickly and initially solidifies into a solid state to obtain semi-finished roadside stone;
c)成型设备开模,路沿石半成品脱模后从模具中移出,再将移出的路沿石半成品转移到码垛区码垛堆放,再经自然干燥放置后得到水泥基仿石材型路沿石成品,即可使用。c) The molding equipment opens the mold, and the semi-finished roadside stone is demolded and removed from the mold, and then the removed semi-finished roadside stone is transferred to the palletizing area for stacking and stacking, and then naturally dried and placed to obtain a cement-based imitation stone curb. The finished stone is ready to use.
制备实施例3:Preparation Example 3:
一种水泥基仿石材型路沿石,包括如下重量百分比的成份:14%的水泥、26%的细黄沙、52%的石膏、8%的水,其中细黄沙的平均粒径为0.25mm-0.35mm、细度模数为2.2—1.6的细沙。A cement-based imitation stone type curb, comprising the following components by weight: 14% of cement, 26% of fine yellow sand, 52% of gypsum, and 8% of water, wherein the average particle size of the fine yellow sand is 0.25 Fine sand with mm-0.35mm and fineness modulus of 2.2-1.6.
一种水泥基仿石材型路沿石的制备方法,包括以下步骤:A preparation method of cement-based imitation stone type curb, comprising the following steps:
a)将重量百分数为14%的po42.5水泥、26%的细黄沙、52%的石膏、8%的水充分混合得到混凝土混合湿料,其中黄沙采用平均粒径为0.25mm-0.35mm、细度模数为2.2—1.6的细黄沙,石膏的粒径为0.1-10mm;a) Fully mix 14% po42.5 cement, 26% fine yellow sand, 52% gypsum, and 8% water by weight to obtain wet concrete mix, wherein the average particle size of yellow sand is 0.25mm-0.35 mm, the fineness modulus of fine yellow sand is 2.2-1.6, the particle size of gypsum is 0.1-10mm;
b)将混凝土混合湿料定量的置入成型设备的模腔中,成型设备合模,控制合模压力为120MPa,合模的同时,从型腔的底部对型腔进行抽真空,抽真空度值保持为1.0 MPa,在常温条件下,合模保压、抽真空的时间为2-3min,合模压制、型腔抽真空负压排水排气,在短时间(3-5分min)内快速的将混凝土混合湿料中90%以上的水分排出,排水排气速度得到了极大的提高,极大提高了混合湿料凝结速度,混凝土混合湿料在型腔中快速的初凝成型为固态,得到路沿石半成品;b) Put the concrete mixed wet material quantitatively into the mold cavity of the molding equipment, close the mold of the molding equipment, and control the mold clamping pressure to 120MPa. The value is kept at 1.0 MPa. Under normal temperature conditions, the time of mold clamping, pressure keeping, and vacuuming is 2-3 minutes, and mold clamping and pressing, cavity vacuuming and negative pressure drainage and exhausting, within a short time (3-5 minutes) Quickly discharge more than 90% of the water in the wet concrete mix, the drainage and exhaust speed has been greatly improved, and the setting speed of the wet mix is greatly improved. Solid state, to obtain semi-finished roadside stone;
c)成型设备开模,将成型脱模出的路沿石半成品从模具中移出,再将移出的路沿石半成品转移到码垛区码垛堆放,再经干燥放置后得到水泥基仿石材型路沿石成品,即可使用,开模、脱模、移出的速度快,从混凝土混合湿料的合模压制到脱模移出,能够在5min时间内完成,极大的提高了生产效率,获得表面光滑、美观度高、强度达到C50(即50MPa)、密度达到2300kg/m3的路沿石,密度相比现有的路沿石提高了9.5%,强度提高66.7%,产值提高至少280%,经济性极高。c) Open the mold of the molding equipment, remove the semi-finished curb stone from the mold, and then transfer the removed semi-finished curb stone to the palletizing area for stacking and stacking, and then dry and place to obtain a cement-based imitation stone type The finished roadside stone is ready to use. The speed of mold opening, demolding and removal is fast. From the mold closing and pressing of the concrete mixed wet material to the demoulding and removal, it can be completed within 5 minutes, which greatly improves the production efficiency and obtains The curb with smooth surface, high aesthetics, strength up to C50 (ie 50MPa), and density up to 2300kg/ m3 , the density is increased by 9.5%, the strength is increased by 66.7%, and the output value is increased by at least 280% compared with the existing curb. , the economy is very high.
生产设备实施例:Examples of production equipment:
参照图1、图2,一种水泥基仿石材型路沿石的成型设备,包括模架(图中未标出)、上模、下模,上模包括凸模1、固定凸模1的凸模板2,下模包括凹模3、固定凹模3的凹模板4、支撑凹模板4的底板5,模架上部设有公称力315千克力/cm2液压机,液压机作为合模的动力驱动构件,凸模1固定在凸模板2底部,凸模板2的上部设有中板21,凸模板2固定在中板21上,中板21与模架的导柱滑动配合,液压机的输出端连接中板21,通过中板21带动上模上下运动,实现合模,中板21用于固定凸模板,提高上模的强度,延长使用寿命,同时促使液压机的作用力更为均衡的作用到凸模板上,提高上模运动的平稳性,减少模具的故障率, 提高路沿石成型的质量,凹模3处于凸模1的正下方,凹模3固定在凹模板4上,凹模板4通过多个均匀分布的凹模升降气缸31固定在底板4上凹模升降气缸31的底端固定在底板5上,凹模升降气缸31向上的输出端与凹模板4连接,用于控制控制凹模板4的上下升降,底板5上于凹模3的底部处设有吸水板6,吸水板6上设有多道与凹模型腔结构吻合的负压排水槽61,合模时,负压排水槽61与型腔底端贴合相通,多道负压排水槽61均匀分布,吸水板6上设有与负压排水槽61相通的排水孔道62,排水孔道62开设在吸水板6的内部,吸水板6的侧边设有接口,排水管道62通过接口与外部的管道连接,管道通向一设置的储水罐7,储水罐7通过管道再连接一真空泵8,真空泵8提供抽真空吸力,真空泵8启动产生负压,储水管内产生负压吸力,通过管道最终作用于凹模的型腔,在凹模底部对型腔进行抽真空,快速的将型腔内混合湿料的水吸出排出至储水罐7内储存,负压吸出型腔内的气体侧直接通过板料间的配合间隙逸出,排水并储水,避免水的直接外排造成浪费,储水罐、真空泵形成一密闭的负压抽水蓄水机构,闭合的负压抽水蓄水系统的负压损失小,能量耗损少,凹模型腔负压抽水的效果更好,效率更高,促使提高路沿石的密实度、结构强度,储水罐7内的水定期排出进行循环利用,提高了水资源的利用率,模架的右侧边设有一横移气缸9,横移气缸9的输出端可通过拉杆与底板5的右侧边连接,拉杆作为横移气缸输出端的增长杆,起到增大行程的作用,使下模整体水平移出顺畅,为横移机构、加料机构留足设置空间,横移气缸9向右侧拉动底板5带动下模整体向模架的右侧滑出,为了便于下模的滑出,模架上于底板5的底部处设有一沿模架左右方向设置的横移滑轨91,底板5底端与横移滑轨91滑动配合,横移气缸9将下模整体向右侧拉出,便于向凹模的型腔中注入混凝土混合湿料,便于加料操作,模架的左侧设有出料机构,出料机构包括设置在模架左侧的出料架101、出料架101上与出料架在模具的左右方向上滑动配合的平移杆102、固定在平移杆102上的移动托盘10,出料架101上设有往复气缸103,往复气缸的输出端与平移杆102连接,移动托盘10伸出后移动至凹模下侧,脱模的路沿石拖入移动托盘10上,移动托盘10退回,完成路沿石出料,启动本模具,横移气缸9将下模整体向模架右侧拉出,向凹模型腔内注入定量的混凝土混合湿料,装料完毕,随后横移气缸9推动下模复位,下模向侧边移出的加料方式,从生产角度来讲,型腔外露,便于加料,加料快捷,可极大的提高生产效率,在每次加料时,可对型腔进行观察检测,检测型腔内是否脱模彻底,提高再一次成型质量,从模具角度来说,下模整体外侧便于对模具进行检修维护,缩短维护时间,降低维护成本,并且,该种加料方式可使模具结构相对的简单,下模整体移出加料,加料效率高,便于加料操作,不需要在模具本身上设计加料结构,降低模具复杂程度,降低模具制造成本,液压机工作,推动中板下压,凸模压入凹模型腔,对混凝土混合湿料施加压力,同时真空泵阀门打开,型腔内合模压力保持在100MPa-160 MPa,合模的同时,真空泵启动,通过吸水板在凹模的底部对型腔进行抽真空,型腔内真空度值的大小控制在0.8MPa-1.0 MPa,按照水向低处流的自然规律,在底部对型腔进行抽真空,可在较短的时间内就将型腔内的混合湿料的90%以上的水分、气体快速的排出,混凝土混合湿料受到压力和负压的共同作用,混凝土混合湿料的物理性质开始发生变化,密实度、抗压强度逐渐提高,混凝土混合湿料由原来的可以流动的塑性物料转变为初凝成型的固态物料,双重作用,混合湿料的小颗粒物料迅速的失水凝结,密实度高,凝结时间短,初凝时间缩短在3min之内,相比现有的24h初凝,极大的缩短混凝土混合湿料初凝的时间,显著的提高了路沿石的生产效率,采用100MPa-160MPa的合模压力、配合0.8MPa-1.0 MPa的抽真空度值,正向合模施压保压、底部负压抽真空,双重作用,混凝土混合湿料凝结的更为的紧实,初凝后的路沿石的密实度可达2300kg/m3,相比现有路沿石的2100kg/m3,提高了9.5%,密实度的提高直接带来路沿石结构强度的提高,本模具生产的路沿石的强度可达50MPa,相比现有路沿石的30MPa,强度提高了66.7%,极大的提高了路沿石的质量,合模保压3min即可开模,液压机回退,带动凸模上升,模架上设有限制凹模上升的凹模限位气缸11,凹模限位气缸11上端固定在模架上,凹模限位气缸11向下的输出端连接有顶板111,两个凹模限位气缸11对应一个顶板111,两个顶板111对称在设置在模架左右两侧,且顶板111可与凹模板的左右两侧上端面接触,常态下,凹模限位气缸处于原状,在开模前,凹模限位气缸11向下伸出,使限位板压覆在凹模板之上,对凹模板进行高度限位,避免液压缸带动上模上行时,凹模被凸模拉起,实现凸模、凹模的顺利脱模,凸模上行一段距离,底板上的凹模升降气缸运行,将凹模板顶起,顶动凹模上升一端距离,凹模上升的距离不小于移动托盘的高度,凹模抬升后,往复气缸推动平移杆将移动托盘推至凹模下侧,移动托盘到位后,凹模升降气缸继续顶动凹模板上升,随着凹模的继续上升,凸模再次进入凹模型腔,将型腔内初凝成型的路沿石顶出型腔,初凝的路沿石落至底部的移动托盘上,完成路沿石的脱模,随后往复气缸拉动移动托盘退出至模具左侧的出料架上,凹模后续上升的距离不小于路沿石的高度,避免路沿石在随移动托盘移动的过程中与凹模底部发生碰撞,避免成型后的路沿石破损,随后,凹模升降气缸带动凹模复位,同时凹模限位气缸复位,横移气缸再次将下模上体拉出进行装料,进行下一次的路沿石压制生产。路沿石的初凝可控制在3min之内,路沿石的脱模移出时间可控制在5min之内,生产效率极大的提高,单副模具每3分钟可成型1块,每小时可生产近20块,而且路沿石一脱模即可达到码垛强度,可直接搬运码垛到位,单幅模具可重复生产,效率极高,而现有设备只能单幅模具单独使用,使用后需要更换新的模具压制新的路沿石,相比,本模具极大的降低了生产上模具投入的费用;路沿石以80副模具计每小时产量只有10块,而且每块路沿石需经24小时方能脱模达到码垛强度,需集中脱模后集体码垛,费时费力,相较,本生产模具的效率极高,带来极高的经济效益。Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a cement-based imitation stone-type curbstone molding equipment includes a mold base (not shown in the figure), an upper mold, and a lower mold. The upper mold includes a
出料架为初凝成型后的路沿石出料的一个平台,移动托盘加上初凝的路沿石的重量重,通过平移杆支撑移动托盘,可保证移动托盘的稳定运行,平移杆设置在出料架上,出料架的承载力大,可承受平移杆、移动托盘加上初凝的路沿石的质量,结构稳固,可使用较长时间,降低维护成本,再者,出料架可作用暂时承载初凝后路沿石的出料平台,便于后续的码垛装置将出料平台上的初凝路沿石输出进行码垛堆放;模架侧边设有采用mcu集成的控制机构,在模架上设置检测下模移动的传感装置,控制机构对液压机、横移动气缸、凹模升降气缸等动力输出机构以及真空泵进行控制,实现路沿石的自动化生产,进一步的提高生产效率,结合传感装置,检测下模、上模的配合精度,避免模具故障,提高路沿石质量。The discharge rack is a platform for discharging the curb stone after the initial setting. The weight of the moving tray plus the curb stone is heavy. The moving tray is supported by the translation rod, which can ensure the stable operation of the moving tray. The translation rod is set On the discharge frame, the discharge frame has a large bearing capacity and can withstand the quality of the translation rod, the moving tray and the initial setting of the curbstone. The structure is stable and can be used for a long time, reducing maintenance costs. The frame can be used as a discharge platform that temporarily carries the curb stones after initial setting, which is convenient for the subsequent stacking device to output the initial setting curb stones on the discharge platform for stacking and stacking; the side of the formwork is equipped with a control system integrated with MCU. Mechanism, a sensing device for detecting the movement of the lower die is set on the die frame, and the control mechanism controls the power output mechanisms such as the hydraulic press, the horizontal moving cylinder, the die lifting cylinder, and the vacuum pump, so as to realize the automatic production of roadside stones and further improve the production. Efficiency, combined with the sensing device, detects the matching accuracy of the lower mold and the upper mold, avoids mold failures, and improves the quality of curbstones.
凹模板4在上下运动的过程中需要进行导向和限位,保证配合精度,底板5上设有高度可调节的导向架12,导向架12由顶板、立柱组成,四个立柱支撑一个顶板,立柱设置在底板上,顶板可拆卸的设置在立柱上部,立柱上设有与立柱上端螺纹配合的上下定位螺母,顶板处于上下定位螺母之间,通过上定位螺母、下定位螺母可控制顶板与底板间的距离,继而实现导向架12的高度可调,导向架12上设有一竖向的导杆121,导杆121与顶板滑动配合,导杆121的顶端与凹模板4连接,导杆121的的底端设有限位板122,导向杆121随凹模板4同步升降,当限位板122与与导向架12的顶板的底端面接触时实现对凹模板的限位,另外,限位板可延伸至底板下侧,通过限位板与底板底端面的接触实现对凹模板的限位,对凹模板限位,一方面提高配合精度,避免凹模行程过大,造成意外的撞击,提高设备的安全性,另一方面,可生产不同高度路沿石,提高模具的通用性能。The
参照图3,横移气缸侧边设有对凹模型腔进行定量加料的加料装置,加料装置包括料仓13、料仓13底部支撑料斗的支架131、支架上部于料斗底部沿模具前后方向设置的横板132、横板132上沿横板132滑动的料斗133,支架上设有驱动料斗移动的料斗驱动气缸,料斗133底部与横板132滑动配合,横板132的后端处于料仓底部,横板前端延伸至下模被横移气缸拉出后的上部,横板前端设有一漏料口,漏料口的位置与下模被拉出后型腔所处的位置上下对正,漏料口、料斗的形状结构与型腔一致,料仓13内的混合湿料在横板后端落入料斗133内,料斗133前移至漏料口处,混合湿料由漏料口落入型腔中实现加料,料仓出口处设有定量出料闸门,横板132与料仓出料口间的距离可调,料斗133高度与横板到料仓出料口间的距离一致,调整横板位置,更换相应的料仓,料仓的容积与定量加料的混合湿料的量一一对应,多出的物料会在料斗移动的过程中由料仓加料口处的仓体挤出,料仓的定量出料闸门、料斗的定量容积双重保险保证足量的定量加料,提高路沿石成型质量,提高成品率。Referring to Figure 3, the side of the traverse cylinder is provided with a feeding device for quantitatively feeding the cavity of the concave mold. The
以上所述,仅是本实用新型的较佳实施例,并非对本实用新型做任何形式上的限制,凡是依据本实用新型的技术实质上对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化,均落入本实用新型的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model in any form. into the scope of protection of the present invention.
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CN113021566A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-06-25 | 胥復君 | Forming processing method for building heat-insulating energy-saving cement product |
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