Automatic control heating system of heating station
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a heating plant control system technical field especially relates to a heating plant automation control heating system.
Background
The information disclosed in the background of the invention is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Central heating was developed on the basis of central heating technology with economic development and scientific technological progress at the end of the nineteenth century, and it uses hot water or steam as a heating medium to supply heat energy from a centralized heat source to a city or a large area. The central heating not only provides a stable and reliable heat source for cities and improves the life of people, but also can save energy and reduce pollution compared with the traditional decentralized heating, and has obvious economic and social benefits.
China's central heating begins in the 50 s, especially reports on strengthening city central heating management work were issued in 1986, and a great promotion effect is played to the development of the central heating business of China.
Although the central heating industry in China has been rapidly developed in these years, compared with the foreign countries, the traditional heating system in China is laggard, and the specific characteristics are that the heating quality is poor, namely, the room temperature is uneven, the system efficiency is low, multiple energy is consumed, a user cannot adjust the room temperature by himself, a metering charging mode is not adopted in most places, the user cannot set and adjust the room temperature by himself, and the like. The heating system in China generally has low load and low-efficiency operation, and the actual heating area is only about 40% of the supply capacity of the equipment on average. The pipe network conveying efficiency is low, the pipe network is revealed seriously with the phenomenon of stealing water, lacks the control means: heating in China only has a one-way adjusting means, and hydraulic horizontal imbalance and vertical imbalance are serious; the constant temperature device is not provided, and an effective adjusting means is not provided when the heat supply is insufficient or excessive; lack the measurement means, do not have measurement charging to cause the user can not go the initiative and adjust energy-conservation, also cause the operation managers not have specific data to come the operation management, the development of heating plant has changed the numerous defects of previous system.
The heat exchange station and the boiler room are different fundamentally, and the boiler room heats water to a certain temperature by using fuel; and the heat exchange station is used for converting high-temperature water produced by the boiler room into hot water capable of directly supplying heat to users. The boiler room is produced by the following main equipment: boiler, air-blower, draught fan, circulating pump and various auxiliary assembly. The heat exchange station is only a transfer station, and the main heat exchange modes of the existing heat exchange station are as follows: plate heat exchange, water mixing, and the like. The process flow is as follows: boiler room- (high temperature hot water) -heat exchange station- (low temperature hot water) -user- (low temperature hot water) -heat exchange station- (low temperature hot water) -boiler room.
Generally, internal equipment of the heat exchange station can be divided into two parts, namely a heating system and a civil life system, and at present, most of the heat exchange stations in China do not have a civil hot water system to improve the benefit of central heating. The main equipment of the heat exchange station comprises a centrifugal water pump, a steam-water heat exchanger, a hot water storage tank, a filter, a water replenishing pump, a regulating valve, a detection instrument, equipment for preventing a user hot water supply device from rusting and scaling, and the like. Besides, a heat meter and an automatic adjusting device for adjusting the heat supply amount are also arranged in the heat exchange station.
However, the present invention finds: at present, most heat exchange stations cannot realize full-automatic unattended operation, most of the heat exchange stations lack control means, energy consumption is serious, and unnecessary waste of resources is caused; with the continuous development of national economy, the demand of people on heating quality is gradually improved, and in the traditional heating mode, the load is continuously changed, and the secondary water supply temperature is continuously and manually adjusted to ensure that the indoor temperature of a user can be kept constant. In this case, the manual adjustment inevitably has a large deviation, and only the rough adjustment can be achieved according to the experience of the operating worker, and the requirement of residents on the indoor temperature constancy cannot be met.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the not enough of existence among the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a heating station automation control heating system. The system can fully use the fine adjustment operation mode with continuously changed heat load to meet the requirements of large heat load change and high adjustment frequency on the balance capacity of the system, meet the reasonable requirements of heat users and achieve the purpose of economic operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical means:
an automated control heating system for a heating plant, comprising: the system comprises a heat exchanger, a primary water supply pipeline, a primary water return control valve, a secondary water supply pipeline, a secondary water return pipeline, a circulating pump, a water supplementing system, a temperature regulation control system, a secondary water return pressure regulation control system and a field control system; the primary water supply pipeline and the primary water return pipeline are respectively connected with a first group of inlets and outlets of the heat exchanger; the primary water return control valve is arranged at a position, close to the heat exchanger, of the primary water supply pipeline; the secondary water supply pipeline and the secondary water return pipeline are respectively connected with the second group of inlets and outlets of the heat exchanger; the circulating pump is arranged on the secondary water return pipeline; the water supplementing system comprises a water supplementing tank and a water supplementing pump, and the water supplementing tank, the water supplementing pump and the secondary water return pipeline are sequentially connected.
The temperature regulation control system comprises a P L C controller and a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of secondary water supply and feeding back to the P L C controller, the temperature sensor is compared with the set temperature of the secondary water supply stored in the controller, and the primary water return control valve can regulate the opening of the valve according to the temperature difference obtained by comparing the P L C controller.
The secondary return water pressure regulation control system comprises the P L C controller, a pressure sensor, a PID controller and a frequency converter, wherein the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the water pressure of a user pipe network and converting the water pressure into an electric signal to be transmitted to the P L C controller, the PID controller in the frequency converter performs PID operation according to a pressure set value and an actual detection water pressure value and gives out the frequency of a motor for controlling a water replenishing pump, and water replenishing and pressure fixing are performed on the system.
The P L C used at present is an industrial control computer specially designed for industrial environment, and is widely applied to an electrical control system, so that the field control system not only can realize complex logic control, but also can complete various sequence controls, and has strong anti-interference capability, high reliability, good stability, small volume and uninterrupted long-term stable operation in severe environment.
Further, the heat exchanger includes: any one of a direct contact type heat exchanger, a heat storage type heat exchanger, a dividing wall type heat exchanger and an intermediate heat carrier type heat exchanger.
Further, the circulating pump and the water replenishing pump include any one of a vane pump and a positive displacement pump.
Further, the primary backwater control valve is an electric regulating valve which controls primary water supply amount of the heat exchanger. The set temperature is used as a given value, the measured temperature is used as a feedback signal, and the opening degree of the valve is used as an output value, so that the constancy of the secondary water supply temperature is ensured. When the temperature of the secondary water supply of the heat exchanger deviates from the set value, the control system automatically adjusts the action of the actuator, namely the opening of the electric regulating valve is changed, the flow of the primary heating medium entering the heat exchanger is changed, and the temperature of the secondary water supply is stabilized near the set value.
Furthermore, the automatic control heating system of the heating station also comprises an automatic exhaust valve which is mainly used for exhausting air in the pipeline.
Furthermore, the automatic control heating system of the heating station also comprises a check valve, which is mainly used for preventing water in the system from flowing backwards.
Furthermore, the automatic control heating system of the heating station also comprises monitoring camera equipment which is mainly used for monitoring field equipment and acquiring pictures.
Furthermore, the system also comprises an alarm device, and the system automatically and remotely alarms when an accident occurs, so that the protection standard of the unattended station is met.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an accurate surgical instruments protection device has following beneficial effect:
(1) the utility model discloses an automatic change control heat supply system can know district heat transfer station operational aspect and relevant information at any time, in time regulates and control the heat transfer station through relevant information and external environment temperature, obtains good economic benefits and social.
(1) The utility model discloses an automatic change control heating system makes heat exchange station possess unmanned on duty's characteristics: the number of operating personnel is small, the personnel training time is short, the interface is humanized, and the operating condition of the heat exchange station can be monitored; the intelligent control system has the advantages that the automatic fine adjustment can be scientifically carried out through real-time feedback according to weather conditions and load changes, the direct cost is reduced, the operation parameters of all heat exchange stations can be circularly monitored, the operation conditions of all the heat exchange stations can be checked, the real-time monitoring performance of the system is ensured, the critical parameters of the system can be set, the alarm is realized at a control center when the system is abnormal, a control signal can be timely and automatically fed back to an electric actuating mechanism when necessary, sudden accidents are processed, and the safe and stable operation of the system is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without unduly limiting the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic control heating system of a heating station in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of temperature adjustment control in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the circulating water pressure adjusting control in the embodiment of the present invention.
The designations in the above figures represent respectively: 1-heat exchanger, 2-primary water supply pipeline, 3-primary water return pipeline, 4-primary water return control valve, 5-secondary water supply pipeline, 6-secondary water return pipeline, 7-circulating pump, 8-water replenishing tank and 9-water replenishing pump.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the present application, if any, merely indicate that the device or element referred to in the present application is constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention, since they are merely intended to be oriented in the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and not to limit the structure, but merely to facilitate the description of the invention and to simplify the description.
Term interpretation section: the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, for example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As mentioned above, most heat exchange stations cannot be fully automated and unattended, most of the heat exchange stations lack control means, energy consumption is serious, and unnecessary waste of resources is caused. Therefore, the utility model provides an automatic control heating system of a heating station; the invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
A first embodiment, referring to fig. 1-3, illustrates a heat supply station automation control heating system according to the present invention, comprising: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a heat exchanger 1, a primary water supply pipeline 2, a primary water return pipeline 3, a primary water return control valve 4, a secondary water supply pipeline 5, a secondary water return pipeline 6, a circulating pump 7, a water supplementing system, a temperature adjusting control system, a secondary water return pressure adjusting control system and a field control system.
The primary water supply pipeline 2 and the primary water return pipeline 3 are respectively connected with a first group of inlets and outlets of the heat exchanger 1; the primary water return control valve 4 is arranged at the position, close to the heat exchanger 1, of the primary water supply pipeline 2; the secondary water supply pipeline 5 and the secondary water return pipeline 6 are respectively connected with a second group of inlets and outlets of the heat exchanger 1; the circulating pump 7 is arranged on the secondary water return pipeline 6; the water supplementing system comprises a water supplementing tank 8 and a water supplementing pump 9, wherein the water supplementing tank 8, the water supplementing pump 9 and the secondary water return pipeline 6 are sequentially connected.
The temperature regulation control system comprises a P L C controller and a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of secondary water supply and feeding back to the P L C controller, the temperature sensor is compared with the set temperature of the secondary water supply stored in the controller, and the primary water return control valve 4 can regulate the opening of the valve according to the temperature difference obtained by comparing the P L C controller.
The secondary return water pressure regulation control system comprises the P L C controller, a pressure sensor, a PID controller and a frequency converter, wherein the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the water pressure of a user pipe network and converting the water pressure into an electric signal to be transmitted to the P L C controller, the PID controller in the frequency converter performs PID operation according to a pressure set value and an actual detection water pressure value and gives out the frequency of a motor for controlling the water replenishing pump 9, and water replenishing and pressure fixing are performed on the system.
The P L C controller is mainly used for carrying out data analysis and adjusting a water pump and a valve water replenishing pump station of the heat exchange station according to a preset control strategy, so that the heat exchange unit is completely and automatically controlled.
The working principle of the heat exchange station is that hot water provided by a heat source exchanges heat with secondary circulating water in a heat exchanger, the hot water is conveyed to a user through a water supply pipeline, the used hot water is recycled into the heat exchanger through a water return pipeline through a circulating water pump for heating and recycling, heat generated by temperature difference of supply and return water is utilized for heating the user, a frequency converter technology is adopted to adjust a water replenishing pump to replenish water to a system and to set pressure, a P L C programmable controller is adopted in a control part of the embodiment to calculate and control various sensor elements and actuators, and the set adjustment of the heat exchange station is achieved.
Because the heat load of heat users in the heating system is not constant, the heat load changes with outdoor meteorological conditions, and the heat for hot water supply and production process changes with factors such as use conditions. In order to ensure the heat supply quality, meet the requirements of various heat users and ensure that the preparation and the transportation of heat energy are reasonable, the operation of a heat supply system is regulated to prevent the phenomenon of overhigh or overlow temperature at the user.
It is understood that on the basis of the first embodiment, the following technical solutions including but not limited to the following may be derived to solve different technical problems and achieve different purposes of the invention, and specific examples are as follows:
in a second embodiment, the heat exchanger 1 is a direct contact heat exchanger, which utilizes a heat exchanger in which cold and hot fluids are in direct contact and mixed with each other to exchange heat. The heat exchanger has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, large heat transfer area per unit volume, simple equipment structure, low price and the like, and has the defect of being only suitable for occasions which allow two fluids to be mixed in the process.
In a third embodiment, the heat exchanger 1 is a heat storage type heat exchanger which transfers heat from a hot fluid to a cold fluid by means of a heat storage body made of a solid body in heat exchange contact with the hot fluid and the cold fluid. The heat exchanger has the advantages of compact structure, low price and large heat exchange area per unit volume.
In the fourth embodiment, the heat exchanger 1 is a dividing wall type heat exchanger in which two kinds of fluids, i.e., hot and cold fluids, which perform heat exchange are separated by a dividing wall and do not contact each other, and heat is transferred from the hot fluid to the cold fluid through the dividing wall. The dividing wall type heat exchanger is the most widely used heat exchanger in industrial production.
The heat exchanger 1 is a heat exchanger with intermediate heat carrier, and two dividing wall type heat exchangers are connected by heat carrier circulating in the heat exchanger, the most common in industry are shell-and-tube heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers and other various compact and efficient novel heat exchangers, the adjusting mode adopted by the structure is that the primary side adopts the adjusting mode, the secondary side adopts the adjusting mode of changing flow by stages, and adopts the frequency converter technology to adjust the water replenishing pump to replenish water and fix pressure to the system, the utility model discloses a control part adopts P L C programmable controller to calculate and control various sensor elements and actuators, and realizes the fixed adjustment to the heat exchange station.
In the sixth embodiment, the circulation pump 7 and the water replenishing pump 9 are vane pumps. The utility model discloses a frequency converter advances variable frequency speed governing to the water pump, its principle is: according to the basic law of fluidics, the circulation pump belongs to the square torque load, and the relation of n (rotating speed), Q (flow rate), H (pressure) and P (shaft power) is as follows: the flow is in direct proportion to the rotating speed, the pressure is in direct proportion to the square of the rotating speed, and the shaft power is in direct proportion to the cube of the rotating speed, so that the flow of the circulating pump can be adjusted by changing the speed of the motor. In addition, positive displacement pumps may be used as the circulation pump 7 and the makeup pump 9.
In a seventh embodiment, the primary backwater control valve is an electrically operated regulating valve which controls the primary water supply amount of the heat exchanger. The set temperature is used as a given value, the measured temperature is used as a feedback signal, and the opening degree of the valve is used as an output value, so that the constancy of the secondary water supply temperature is ensured. When the temperature of the secondary water supply of the heat exchanger deviates from the set value, the control system automatically adjusts the action of the actuator, namely the opening of the electric regulating valve is changed, the flow of the primary heating medium entering the heat exchanger is changed, and the temperature of the secondary water supply is stabilized near the set value.
In an eighth embodiment, the heating system for automatic control of a heating station further comprises an automatic exhaust valve and a check valve, wherein the automatic exhaust valve is mainly used for exhausting air in the pipeline. The check valve is mainly to prevent water in the system from flowing backwards.
In a ninth embodiment, the P L C controller controls the secondary water supply pressure through the pressure sensor and the frequency converter, and when one water replenishing pump cannot achieve the required pressure through frequency conversion water replenishing, the controller can enable the other water replenishing pump to operate to replenish water, so that more intelligent constant water replenishing control is finally achieved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.