Background
The hydraulic balance of the heat supply pipe network is very critical, and the hydraulic balance of the heat supply pipe network determines the operating effect of the system, generally speaking, the adjustment work of the hydraulic balance is completed before the system operates, which is the basic guarantee of the normal operation of the system and is the precondition of energy-saving operation. However, hydraulic balance is difficult to achieve for a variety of reasons, and hydraulic disturbances remain prevalent despite the many years of use of various regulatory devices.
In the outdoor pipe network of the central heating system, the hydraulic imbalance is mainly shown as follows: the flow transmission and distribution of each loop are unbalanced, so that the room temperature of each user is uneven, the room temperature close to the circulating pump is higher, the user is forced to open a window to dissipate heat, and a large amount of heat energy is lost; the user far away from the circulating pump often complains about the low room temperature and even refuses to pay the heating fee; other problems are closely related to hydraulic imbalance, for example, when the system operates under the working condition of large flow and small temperature difference, heat source equipment such as a boiler or a heat exchanger is difficult to achieve rated output, the equipment put into operation exceeds the requirement of actual load, the working point of a water pump deviates from a high-efficiency area, the energy transmission and distribution efficiency is low, integral regulation and energy-saving operation cannot be performed, the consumption of fuel and heat transmission electric energy is too high, and the like, and the hydraulic imbalance becomes a persistent disease which generally exists in a centralized heating system and is difficult to cure.
The hydraulic imbalance mainly includes the following two aspects:
static hydraulic imbalance: the hydraulic imbalance state that the actual flow rate is inconsistent with the designed flow rate is caused mainly by the fact that various errors of the system are generated in the processes of design, product model selection, construction and the like, and the resistance characteristic of the system pipeline required by the design is inconsistent with the resistance characteristic of the actual system pipeline.
Dynamic hydraulic imbalance: a plurality of regulating and controlling devices are installed on a heating water system, and a variable flow technology is applied, so that the instantaneous resistance characteristic of the system is not consistent with the resistance characteristic required by design, and the instantaneous imbalance condition of the system is caused.
The main reasons for water conservancy unbalance in the actual operation process are as follows:
1. deviation exists between actual construction and design
When the engineering designer carries out heat supply engineering design, accurate pipe network hydraulic balance calculation is carried out, and a proper and reasonable pipe diameter is selected, but because the constructor does not strictly carry out installation and construction according to design drawing requirements and construction specifications in actual construction, a large deviation occurs between the actual construction condition and the theoretical design. These artifacts will cause hydraulic disturbances.
2. The problem of unreasonable design exists when the designer designs
The engineering design is to select corresponding data by calculation according to the hydraulics theory, and the value of the actual pipe is different from the standard. The pipe network pipe diameter adopted in the design drawing is generally larger, so that the problem of unbalanced hydraulic power of a near-end user and a far-end user after the pipe network is built is very prominent, the water flow of a near-end user heating system is far larger than the design flow, and the water flow of the far-end user heating system is far smaller than the design flow, so that the near-end user and the far-end user tend to be balanced only by primary adjustment of the pipe network.
3. Aging of heat supply pipe network
In the long-term operation of the heat supply pipe network, partial pipe network accessories (valves) are abraded or even failed, the corrosion and scaling of the heat supply pipe network are serious, and the resistance coefficient of the pipe network is increased. The original balance of the pipe network is damaged, and the 'leakage and leakage' of the heat supply pipe network can also cause the imbalance of water power.
4. Randomness when heating system is transformed
When the heating system is maintained and transformed, the design working condition of the system is ignored, the laying line and the pipe diameter of the pipeline are changed at will, the connection mode of the system is changed, a pipeline valve is additionally arranged at will, and a common gate valve is used for replacing a regulating valve.
5. Theft of individual users
Individual hot users steal hot water for heating, and the indoor pipeline arrangement is changed without authorization, and the indoor radiator is finned without authorization. These will increase the resistance coefficient of the pipe network, increase the deviation of the actual flow and the theoretical design flow of the pipeline, and have great influence on the hydraulic working condition of the heat supply pipe network.
At present, in order to ensure the heat supply effect, the prior art scheme generally simply adopts an operation mode of increasing a heat source, increasing the flow and the lift of a water pump, and realizing large flow and small temperature difference, so that the heat supply effect is ensured, the investment waste is caused, and the energy source waste is further caused.
In order to reduce energy waste and realize the hydraulic balance of the heat supply network, the main adjusting methods of the hydraulic balance of the domestic heat supply network at present comprise a temperature difference method, a proportion method, a pore plate throttling method, a self-operated balance valve and a self-operated differential pressure balance valve adjusting method.
Temperature difference method
The method is to install a pressure gauge and a thermometer at the user inlet and a manual valve on the return water pipe of the system to perform primary adjustment of the system. The balance valve is provided with scales, is provided with a staff gauge and numbers, and adjusts the balance of a pipe network according to the scales. The entire system is first thermodynamically stable. In order to improve the initial adjustment effect of the system, the temperature of the network water supply can be kept unchanged at a certain temperature above 60 ℃. If the total return water temperature of the heat source does not change any more, the whole system can be considered to have reached thermodynamic stability. At the moment, the total water supply and return temperature of the heat source, the return pressure and the water supply and return temperature of all heat users are recorded.
Firstly, adjusting the heat user with the temperature difference of the water supply and return being less than the temperature difference of the total water supply and return of the heat source, and determining the initial adjustment sequence according to the scale of the user and the deviation degree of the temperature difference. The hot users with large scale and large deviation of temperature difference are adjusted. The water supply or return valve in its user inlet device is throttled empirically. And after the first round of adjustment is finished, the system stably runs for several hours. And recording the total water supply temperature difference and the water supply and return pressure and temperature at each user inlet again to carry out the next round of adjustment. The valve has long service life, convenient adjustment and valve locking device. The balance valve has the disadvantages that the scale of the balance valve is not linear, the accurate water quantity flowing through the balance valve cannot be known according to the scale adjustment network, the adjustment method has long adjustment period and needs to be repeated, and the balance valve is suitable for a network with better heat preservation. If the network heat preservation is poor and the temperature drop along the network water supply is large, the hot users with low water supply temperature or the users with unbalanced water power of the indoor heating system are poor, and new water power imbalance can occur. However, this method of adjustment is a coarse adjustment, and the adjustment effect is not accurate.
(II) proportional method
This is done by means of two portable ultrasonic flow meters, or a valve (e.g. a balanced valve new inlet device) and a walkie-talkie (for communication between persons when adjusting), which are capable of measuring the flow, the basic principle of the proportional method is that if the water flows in two parallel lines in a certain ratio (e.g. 1: 2), the flow ratio between them remains constant (1: 2) when the total flow varies within + 30%. But the adjustment by the proportional method is not easy to coordinate with each other, has higher requirements on the quality of operators, needs two same flowmeters and has larger initial investment.
(III) Orifice throttling method
Namely, a precisely calculated pore plate is arranged on each branch line and each user water return port to balance the pipe network. The orifice plate cut-off method is used for balancing the pipe network and saving energy in principle, and is the top choice for adjusting the balance of the pipe network. However, the calculation of the orifice plate is quite complex, and particularly, the calculation difficulty of a relatively large pipe network is hard to imagine. The processing of a plurality of orifice plates is also a difficult problem, so the method is difficult to popularize. But only applied to each large branch line of the pipe network. (IV) self-operated balance valve and self-operated differential pressure balance valve adjustment method;
since the onset of self-operated balancing valves in the nineties, they have been substantially improved over the last two decades of use. Both advantages and disadvantages are evident. The balance valve is different from a common balance valve, can automatically balance a pipe network, and solves the problem of overlarge labor intensity of network adjustment. The unbalance of the heat supply network is greatly improved, the stable heat supply is basically realized, and the method is generally adopted by the current heat supply network. Its disadvantages are also significant. The valve has larger resistance, the water channel is narrow and easy to block, and the fault is difficult to find and remove, etc.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses to prior art's not enough, provide an easy operation, save artifical, safe easy-to-use easy-to-maintain's full-automatic hydraulic control automatic balance system.
The utility model is realized by the following technical proposal, provides a full-automatic hydraulic regulation automatic balancing system, which comprises a data control center, a data transmission layer and a field control layer, wherein the data control center comprises a data server, a program server, a main operation computer, an engineer station and a remote mobile terminal connected by a communication network, the data transmission layer connects data with the data control center and the field control layer by wireless or/and wired communication, the field control layer comprises a heat exchange station control unit, a second-level pipe network control unit and a third-level pipe network control unit, wherein,
the heat exchange station control unit comprises a heat exchange station controller, and a circulating pump and a water replenishing pump which are connected with the heat exchange station controller and comprise a flow meter, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a balance regulating valve and a frequency converter for driving and controlling, wherein the balance regulating valve is arranged on a near-end branch water return pipe of a primary pipe network, and the circulating pump and the water replenishing pump are arranged on a far-end branch water supply pipe of the primary pipe network;
the secondary pipe network control unit comprises a secondary pipe network balance controller, and a temperature sensor, a flowmeter and an electric flow regulating valve which are connected with the secondary pipe network balance controller;
the three-level pipe network control unit comprises an intelligent household control valve control system and an indoor temperature acquisition system, the intelligent household control valve control system comprises a balance control box and at least one household control valve connected with the balance control box, a data concentrator of the balance control box is connected with the household control valve in a wired communication mode and is connected with a numerical control center through a data transmission layer, the indoor temperature acquisition system comprises at least one room temperature collector, and the room temperature collector is in communication connection with the data concentrator in an NB-IOT wireless communication mode.
Preferably, the heat exchange station controller or/and the diode network controller or/and the intelligent household control valve control system are further connected with heat meters connected in series in the pipelines of the respective corresponding levels.
Preferably, the heat exchange station controller is connected with a touch screen for human-computer interaction.
Preferably, the data concentrator of the balance control box is connected with the user control valve through a communication mode of a BUS M _ BUS.
Preferably, the data transmission layer performs data transmission by using one or a combination of more than one of GPRS, 4G, VPN and broadband.
After the scheme is adopted, the utility model discloses in, all heat transfer stations install balanced governing valve or distributed variable frequency pump according to the requirement on the pipe network side of once, can realize "unmanned on duty" full automatic control to the heat transfer station scene through data control center, all data can be passed through wireless communication modes such as VPN network or GPRS network and convey to heat supply network central server, to secondary pipe network according to reforming transform regional pipe network actual conditions install intelligent electrodynamic balance valve, flowmeter, supply return water temperature measurement station on building return water pipeline or unit service entrance pipeline, every building installation an intelligent multi-functional controller inserts intelligent electrodynamic balance valve, supply return water temperature measurement station and can be according to supply return water average temperature condition, combine user's indoor temperature, temperature condition and carry out automatic control, simultaneously with the on-the-spot parameter of gathering through gathering communication device with GSM short message, The wireless communication modes such as GPRS network and the like are transmitted to a heat supply network control center server, intelligent household control valves with linear adjusting functions are installed on all user entrance sides, return water temperature measuring elements and mechanical check valves are installed on return water pipelines, the remote manual and automatic control function of a monitoring platform is achieved, the opening degree of the household control valves is adjusted according to the return water temperature of users, the entrance flow is adjusted, and typical position room temperature and environment temperature are used for correction.
To sum up, the utility model discloses a pipe network hydraulic control falls into field control layer, data transmission layer and data control center, can realize realizing automatically regulated and control to pipe network hydraulic balance through data control center, has easy operation, saves artifical, safe easy beneficial effect who uses easy maintenance.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present invention, the present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments in combination with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a full-automatic hydraulic regulation automatic balancing system comprises a data control center, a data transmission layer and a field control layer, wherein the data control center comprises a data server, a program server, a main operation computer, an engineer station and a remote mobile terminal connected through a communication network, the data transmission layer connects data with the data control center and the field control layer in a wireless or/and wired communication manner, the system is characterized in that the field control layer comprises a heat exchange station control unit, a secondary pipe network control unit and a tertiary pipe network control unit, wherein the heat exchange station control unit comprises a heat exchange station controller, a circulating pump and a water replenishing pump which are connected with the heat exchange station controller and driven and controlled by a frequency converter, the balance regulating valve is arranged on a branch water return pipe at the near end of a primary pipe network, the circulating pump and the water replenishing pump are arranged on a branch water supply pipe at the far end of the primary pipe network; the secondary pipe network control unit comprises a secondary pipe network balance controller, and a temperature sensor, a flowmeter and an electric flow regulating valve which are connected with the secondary pipe network balance controller; the three-level pipe network control unit comprises an intelligent household control valve control system and an indoor temperature acquisition system, the intelligent household control valve control system comprises a balance control box and at least one household control valve connected with the balance control box, a data concentrator of the balance control box is connected with the household control valve in a wired communication mode and is connected with a numerical control center through a data transmission layer, the indoor temperature acquisition system comprises at least one room temperature collector, and the room temperature collector is in communication connection with the data concentrator in an NB-IOT wireless communication mode.
In this embodiment, the heat exchange station controller, the diode network controller, and the intelligent household control valve control system are further connected with heat meters connected in series in the respective corresponding level pipelines, the heat exchange station controller is connected with a touch screen for human-computer interaction, a data concentrator of the balance control box is connected with the household control valve through a communication mode of a BUS M _ BUS, and the data transmission layer performs data transmission by combining four modes including GPRS, 4G, VPN, and broadband.
Finally, it should be further noted that the above examples and illustrations are not limited to the above embodiments, and technical features of the present invention that are not described in the present application can be implemented by or using the prior art, and are not described herein again; the above embodiments and drawings are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the spirit of the present invention should also belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.